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Optimized amino acid ratios in reduced crude protein diets sustain broiler performance,gut health,and resilience to necrotic enteritis 认领 引用
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作者 Collins A.Asiamah Sosthene Musigwa +4 位作者 Sarbast K.Kheravii Alip Kumar Yadav S.Bajagai Sara de las Heras-Saldana Shu-Biao Wu 《Animal Nutrition》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期476-491,共16页
This study investigated the effects of essential-to-total amino acid(E:T)ratios in reduced crude protein(CP)diets on broiler performance,gene expression,and cecal microbiota under necrotic enteritis(NE)challenge.A tot... This study investigated the effects of essential-to-total amino acid(E:T)ratios in reduced crude protein(CP)diets on broiler performance,gene expression,and cecal microbiota under necrotic enteritis(NE)challenge.A total of 756 mixed-sex 0-d-old Cobb 500 broilers were assigned to six treatments in a 2×3factorial arrangement,with two challenge conditions(yes or no)and three dietary treatments:17%reduced CP(RCP)with E:T ratio of 0.64(RCP0.64),17%RCP with E:T ratio of 0.68(RCP0.68),and 19%normal CP as control(NCP)from d 9 to 18.Performance was measured from d 8 to 18 post-hatch,while jejunal,spleen,and cecal samples were collected on d 16 for gene expression and microbiota analysis.Results showed a significant interaction between diet and challenge for weight gain(WG;P=0.004)and feed intake(FI;P=0.007).Among unchallenged birds,those fed the RCP0.64 diet achieved WG and FI comparable to control-fed birds and were significantly higher than those fed the RCP0.68 diet(P<0.001).Under the NE challenge,FI was significantly higher in the RCP0.64 group than in the control group(P<0.001).Both RCP diets and NE challenge increased the feed conversion ratio(P<0.001).Gene expression analysis showed a diet×challenge interaction for IgG(jejunum,P=0.045)and IgM(spleen,P=0.042).The NE challenge increased IgM expression only in RCP0.64-fed birds(P=0.012).The main effects showed that the NE challenge upregulated nutrient transporter,immune,and apoptotic genes and downregulated TJP1 and GLUT2(P<0.001)in the jejunum.In the spleen,IL2 and IL6 expressions were significantly lower(P<0.05)in RCP0.64-fed birds than in those fed a control diet.In RCP0.64-fed birds,microbiota differential analysis revealed higher Firmicutes in unchallenged birds but increased pathogenic Clostridium sensu stricto 1 in challenged birds.These findings demonstrate that the RCP0.64diet can maintain WG and FI in healthy birds and partially preserve gut health during NE challenge by modulating immune responses(IgG and IgM)and microbial communities.This dietary strategy could be effective for reducing protein in sustainable poultry production. 展开更多
关键词 Necrotic enteritis Essential-to-total amino acid ratio Reduced crude protein Broiler
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Organic acid blends improve intestinal integrity,modulate short-chain fatty acids profiles and alter microbiota of broilers under necrotic enteritis challenge 认领 引用 被引量：12
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作者 Alip Kumar Mehdi Toghyani +4 位作者 Sarbast K.Kheravii Lane Pineda Yanming Han Robert A.Swick Shu-Biao Wu 《Animal Nutrition》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第1期82-90,共9页
Controlling enteric diseases of broilers is crucial.Among many additives,organic acids(OA)and their blends are gaining attention to combat diseases in the post-antibiotic era.The current study evaluated the potentials... Controlling enteric diseases of broilers is crucial.Among many additives,organic acids(OA)and their blends are gaining attention to combat diseases in the post-antibiotic era.The current study evaluated the potentials of short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)and medium-chain fatty acids(MCFA)blends and/or phenolic compounds on intestinal integrity,intestinal pH,caecal microbiota,and caecal SCFA profiles of broilers under necrotic enteritis(NE)challenge.The additives used were:(A)a blend of SCFA,MCFA,and a phenolic compound(SMP),(B)a blend of free and buffered SCFA with MCFA(SMF),and(C)a blend of free and buffered SCFA with a high concentration of MCFA(SHM).A total of 1,404 male parental chicks of Ross 308 broilers were randomly allocated to 78 floor pens on hatching day with 6 treatments replicated 13 times with 18 birds per pen.The treatments were:UCC,unchallenged control;CHC,challenged control;BAC,challenged group plus zinc bacitracin;SMP,challenged group plus additive SMP;SMF,challenged group plus additive SMF;SHM,challenged group plus additive SHM.Birds were challenged with field-strain Eimeria spp.on d 9 and Clostridium perfringens on d 14.Birds challenged with NE increased fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FITC-d)concentration in serum,reduced acetate and butyrate concentrations,and increased Bacteroides and C.perfringens load in the caeca(P0.05).The SMP group had a higher load compared to BAC(P<0.05).These findings suggest the promising effects of OA blends as alternatives to BAC to ameliorate the impact of NE challenge of broilers as indicated by improved intestinal health. 展开更多
关键词 Organic acid blend Alternative to antibiotics Intestinal health Necrotic enteritis Broiler chicken
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Potential of blended organic acids to improve performance and health of broilers infected with necrotic enteritis 认领 引用 被引量：8
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作者 Alip Kumar Mehdi Toghyani +4 位作者 Sarbast K.Kheravii Lane Pineda Yanming Han Robert A.Swick Shu-Biao Wu 《Animal Nutrition》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第2期440-449,共10页
Organic acids(OA)and their blends have been shown to positively affect performance and health of broilers.However,the data in the literature are not consistent.This study examined the potential of blended short-chain ... Organic acids(OA)and their blends have been shown to positively affect performance and health of broilers.However,the data in the literature are not consistent.This study examined the potential of blended short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)with medium-chain fatty acids(MCFA)as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters(AGP)on performance,health and welfare of broilers infected with necrotic enteritis(NE).The additives used were:A)a blend of SCFA,MCFA,and a phenolic compound(SMP);B)a blend of free and buffered SCFA with MCFA(SMF);C)a blend of free and buffered SCFA with a high concentration of MCFA(SHM).A total of 1,404 Ross 308 one-day-old male parental chicks were randomly distributed into 78-floor pens with 13 replicates of 18 birds each.Six treatments were the following:T1,unchal-lenged control(UCC);T2,challenged control(CHC);T3,challenged group plus zinc bacitracin(BAC);T4,challenged group plus additive SMP;T5,challenged group plus additive SMF;T6,challenged group plus additive SHM.Challenged birds were gavaged with Eimeria spp.on d 9 and Clostridium perfringens EHE-NE18 on d 14.Post NE challenge and cumulatively,BWG,FCR,and nutrient digestibility of birds were compromised(P0.05).All the 3 additive groups had lower FCR compared to CHC(P=0.001;d 0 to 35),and exhibited similar jejunal lesions(d 16)compared to BAC and apparent ileal protein di-gestibility(d 21)compared to UCC and BAC groups(P>0.05).Birds in additive SHM group had a higher concentration of serum IgA compared to all groups(P=0.001)except additive SMF(P>0.05;d 21).All the additive groups had lower footpad dermatitis and hock burns compared to CHC(P<0.05).The findings suggest the potential of blended OA as alternatives to BAC to protect broilers from NE indicated by improved FCR,immunity,digestibility,and bird welfare. 展开更多
关键词 Performance Blended organic acid Alternative to antibiotics Necrotic enteritis Broiler chicken
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Potential of a mixture of eugenol and garlic tincture to improve performance and intestinal health in broilers under necrotic enteritis challenge 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Alip Kumar Nishchal K.Sharma +4 位作者 Sarbast K.Kheravii Chake Keerqin Catherine Ionescu Alexandra Blanchard Shu-Biao Wu 《Animal Nutrition》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第1期26-37,共12页
Plant extracts(PE)are gaining increased attention as potential alternatives to in-feed antimicrobials(AM)due to their known antimicrobial activities.This study was conducted to examine the potential of PE,a microencap... Plant extracts(PE)are gaining increased attention as potential alternatives to in-feed antimicrobials(AM)due to their known antimicrobial activities.This study was conducted to examine the potential of PE,a microencapsulated product composed of eugenol and garlic tincture as an alternative to AM-agent on performance and intestinal health in broilers under necrotic enteritis(NE)challenge.A total of 960 dayold mixed-sex Cobb 500 chicks were randomly distributed to 48-floor pens with 6 treatments replicated 8 times with 20 birds each.The 6 treatments were as follows:UC,unchallenged control;CC,challenged control;PE,challenged group plus PE;AM,challenged group plus AM;FAP,challenged group plus a full dose of AM with PE;HAP,challenged group plus a half dose of AM with PE in starter,grower and finisher phases.Birds in the challenged groups were inoculated with Eimeria spp.on d 9 and Clostridium perfringens on d 14.The body weight gain(BWG),feed intake(FI),feed conversion ratio(FCR),and livability of birds were compromised,and intestinal lesions and mortality were increased(P<0.05)by NE challenge,illustrating a successful clinical NE challenge.Birds fed AM had higher BWG and FI,and lower FCR,mortality,and intestinal lesions compared to the CC group(P<0.05).Birds fed PE had improved FCR(P<0.05)and livability(5.8%)in an overall period compared to the CC group.On d 16,PE supplementation reduced ileal lesion scores in only male birds(P<0.05).Birds fed PE had decreased Eimeria maxima and Eimeria acervulina oocyst counts in caecal content(P<0.05).Birds fed PE had decreased Eimeria brunetti and total oocyst counts in caecal content,and E.acervulina oocyst counts in ileal content in only female birds(P<0.05).On d 35,PE supplementation reduced variation of BW in both male and female birds and increased yellowness(b*value,14.4%)in the thigh.These findings suggest the potential of PE supplementation in diets to improve the performance and intestinal health of birds under clinical NE as indicated by improved FCR,livability,uniformity,reduced ileal lesions,oocyst counts and increased skin yellowness.However,the protective effect of PE may not be apparent in the presence of AM in the feed. 展开更多
关键词 Plant extract Performance Alternative to antimicrobials Clinical necrotic enteritis Broiler chicken
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