Fault features in mechanical systems often manifest as transient impulses,which can be effectively analyzed using time-frequency analysis(TFA)methods.Recently,a new TFA technique known as the time-reassigned multi-syn...Fault features in mechanical systems often manifest as transient impulses,which can be effectively analyzed using time-frequency analysis(TFA)methods.Recently,a new TFA technique known as the time-reassigned multi-synchrosqueezing transform(TMssT)was proposed to capture these transient impulses for fault diagnosis.However,the TMSST,which is based on the short-time Fourier transform(STFT),suffers from unclear high-frequency re-presentations owing to the fixed sliding window used in the STFT.To address this limitation,the current study combined TMSST with the S-transform and a local maximum method to enhance the time-frequency representation for improved signal analysis.Furthermore,an extractive reconstruction algorithm that binds the maximum value of the spectral envelope is proposed for spectral decomposition.To validate the proposed technique,a simulated noise-added signal and four experimental bearing defect datasets were used.The results demonstrate that the proposed technique can effectively and accurately extract fault features from bearing signals regardless of whether the bearings operate under constant or varying speed conditions.This study offers a novel and efficient approach for fault diagnosis in mechanical systems with complex dynamic behaviors.展开更多
The rise of portable electronic devices and Internet of Things(IoT)has spurred significant interest in flexible triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)as sustainable energy solutions.The electrical performance of TENGs is...The rise of portable electronic devices and Internet of Things(IoT)has spurred significant interest in flexible triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)as sustainable energy solutions.The electrical performance of TENGs is profoundly influenced by nanoscale factors,including interface properties and material characteristics,highlighting the critical need for a comprehensive understanding of these parameters to unlock their full potential.This paper summarizes the recent advances in advanced fiber composite TENGs(FC-TENGs),especially electrospun nanofibers,with a focus on key nanoscale properties,covering triboelectric layer interface characteristics,dielectric constant,electron affinity,and crystal phase,all of which are fundamental to optimizing their output performance.Additionally,it explores emerging applications of FC-TENGs in wearable electronics,self-powered sensors,wireless communication systems,human-machine interfaces,and modern healthcare technologies.The review concludes by addressing existing challenges,evaluating future opportunities,and outlining research directions for advancing FC-TENGs.By bridging foundational material science with innovative applications,this review seeks to inspire the development of high-performance,self-powered electrospun composite tribovoltaic nanogenerators,paving the way for a wireless,artificial intelligence(AI)-enabled IoT era.展开更多
The trade-off between quality and difficulty is a challenge when quantifying ambient antibiotics at trace levels.Compared with the precise yet complicate methods such as mass spectrometry(MS)techniques,the enzyme-link...The trade-off between quality and difficulty is a challenge when quantifying ambient antibiotics at trace levels.Compared with the precise yet complicate methods such as mass spectrometry(MS)techniques,the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)offer a simple alternative.While some studies applied it on quantifying environmental pollutants,diverse optimization procedures were employed and matrix effects were not well-addressed.Here,the quantification capability of solid-phase extraction(SPE)coupled with ELISA on ambient antibiotics was evaluated using a newly developed standardized procedure.SPE-ELISA first underwent more rigorous optimization using an overall performance index and three-dimensional recovery response surface.A series of quantitative indicators including precision(relative standard deviation reached 0.3%),sensitivity(a minimal of 3.8 ng/L variation can be distinguished),limit of detection(0.3µg/L without pretreatment),and recoveries(>90%)of SPE-ELISA were achieved and the corresponding conditions were revealed.To eliminate matrix effects,the standard addition method was adopted.This approach,coupled with the linearization of the nonlinear calibration curve,yielded highly accurate(errors of 9%and 5.2%)and reliable(standard deviation of 0.49 and 0.61)results on measuring simulated surface and wastewaters with 5 ng/L and 10 ng/L sulfamethoxazole,which were highly comparable to those of MS methods(P>0.05).Overall,with more rigorous optimization and matrix effect eliminated,the standardized procedure in this study enabled SPE-ELISA to achieve high-quality quantification results.Considering the high throughputs,simple procedure,and low installation costs of SPE-ELISA,it could be a promising alternative for quantifying ambient antibiotics.展开更多
In recent years,the control of emerging contaminants(ECs)has attracted substantial global attention and is now recognized as a crucial component in advancing the Beautiful China Initiative.However,China's current ...In recent years,the control of emerging contaminants(ECs)has attracted substantial global attention and is now recognized as a crucial component in advancing the Beautiful China Initiative.However,China's current technological capacity in ECs control remains inadequate to underpin the objective of effectively controlling the environmental risks posed by ECs by 2035.Therefore,it is imperative to investigate the technology strategy for ECs control.This study systematically reviews the current status and developmental trends of technology pertaining to the ECs control in China and developed countries,and conducts a comparative analysis of China's capabilities relative to those of developed countries.Global technologies for ECs control face multifaceted challenges in monitoring,risk screening,risk assessment,green alternatives and reduction and removal,underscoring an urgent need for intensified global research.China,meanwhile,still lags behind developed nations in several critical aspects of this field.Based on the milestones of Beautiful China Initiative and in alignment with international ECs control objectives,this study delineates the overarching goals and phased milestones for China's ECs control.In addition to identifying priority substances,key industries,and focus regions,this study formulates phased milestones for ECs control technology by integrating an in-depth analysis of China's current technological challenges.Finally,this study delineates key tasks spanning basic research,applied research,technology platform construction,development of synergistic control systems,and demonstration of major projects.展开更多
Sensitization of metal-centered forbidden transitions is of great significance.Solid MnII-based phosphors with d-d forbidden transition sensitized by CeIIIwith d-f allowed transition are promising light conversion mat...Sensitization of metal-centered forbidden transitions is of great significance.Solid MnII-based phosphors with d-d forbidden transition sensitized by CeIIIwith d-f allowed transition are promising light conversion materials,but the energy transfer mechanism in CeIII-MnIIis still in dispute for the uncertainty of distances between metal centers.Herein,for the first time,we explored the energy transfer mechanism in two well-designed luminescent heteronuclear complexes with clear crystal structures,i.e.,Ce-N8-Mn and Ce-N2O6-Mn(N8=1,4,7,10,13,16,21,24-octaazabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane;N2O6=4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane).Short distances between metal centers facilitate efficient energy transfer from CeIIIto MnIIin both complexes,resulting in high photoluminescence quantum yield up to unity.After systematic study of the two heteronuclear complexes as well as two reference complexes Ce(N8)Br3and Ce(N2O6)Br3,we concluded that dipole-quadrupole interaction is the dominant energy transfer mechanism in the heteronuclear complexes.展开更多
Luminescent rare earth complexes based on interconfigurational 5d-4f transition have characteristics of adjustable emission spectra and short excited state lifetimes,showing potential applications in display,lighting ...Luminescent rare earth complexes based on interconfigurational 5d-4f transition have characteristics of adjustable emission spectra and short excited state lifetimes,showing potential applications in display,lighting and other fields.In this work,nine Ce3+,Eu2+and Yb2+complexes with spiro-bis(pyrazolyl)borate ligands,where pyrazolyl stands for pyrazolyl,3-methylpyrazolyl,or 3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl,were designed and synthesized.Ce3+complexes show emission colors of blue,with photoluminescence quantum yields(PLQYs)of 94%-100%;Eu2+complexes show emission colors of yellow-green,with PLQYs of 60%-78%;Yb2+complexes show emission colors of orange or red,with PLQYs of 3%-4%.In addition,the crystal structures and theoretical calculation results show C-H…M interactions between bridge-head H atoms of the spirane and central metal ions in these complexes.It is found that the introduction of spirane with large steric hindrance and the existence of C-H…M interactions can improve the stability of the complexes in air atmosphere.展开更多
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is widely considered to be a major risk factor for gastric cancer,contributing to its development through the Correa cascade.Yin Yang 1(YY1)is a transcription factor t...BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is widely considered to be a major risk factor for gastric cancer,contributing to its development through the Correa cascade.Yin Yang 1(YY1)is a transcription factor that acts as a promoter or suppressor of cancer progression.However,the role of YY1 in the inflammatory transformation associated with H.pylori-induced gastric cancer remains unclear.AIM To explore the expression of YY1 in gastric cancer and its impact on cancer progression with H.pylori infection.METHODS H.pylori bacteria were cocultured with GSE1 cells,AGS cells,and SGC7901 cells,as well as in infected and xenograft mouse models.Expression of YY1,members of the Janus kinase 2(JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling pathway,and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related proteins in gastric cancer was examined using Western blotting,quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction,and immunohistochemistry.Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test.The role of YY1 in gastric cancer cell proliferation was further evaluated through in vitro and in vivo assays.RESULTS YY1 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells.Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that high YY1 expression correlated with a poor prognosis.YY1 expression showed a gradually increasing trend in H.pyloriinduced gastritis and gastric tumors.In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that H.pylori infection promoted phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3,thereby activating the EMT pathway,in which YY1 played a key role.YY1 and JAK2 interaction was validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation.YY1 knockdown or pharmacological inhibition reversed EMT and suppressed gastric cancer cell proliferation and metastasis.CONCLUSION These results suggest that YY1 plays an important role in progression of H.pylori-induced gastric cancer by activating EMT.展开更多
Food allergies are abnormal immune responses triggered by specific foods,affecting the quality of life of millions of people worldwide.In recent years,the prevalence of food allergies has increased significantly,espec...Food allergies are abnormal immune responses triggered by specific foods,affecting the quality of life of millions of people worldwide.In recent years,the prevalence of food allergies has increased significantly,especially in Westernized countries,prompting the scientific community to explore the complex mechanisms behind them.Dietary patterns and specific dietary components are important factors related to the occurrence,development,and prevention of food allergies.Studies have shown that the Mediterranean diet,which is high in fiber,rich in antioxidants,and healthy fats,shows potential protective effects by promoting the balance of intestinal flora,maintaining the intestinal barrier,and regulating immunity.In contrast,a high-fat,high-sugar,low-fiber Western diet is associated with an increased risk of allergies.Key dietary components such as omega-3 fatty acids,dietary fiber,vitamins A,D,and E,and bioactive substances such as quercetin and curcumin can regulate immune tolerance through multiple pathways,including epigenetic regulation and affecting mitochondrial function.However,advanced glycation end products(AGEs),emulsifiers,artificial sweeteners produced by food processing,and pesticide residues(such as glyphosate)may damage the intestinal barrier,disrupt the flora,and increase the risk of allergies.This review explored the risk and protective factors for food allergies from a dietary perspective,thus benefiting the progress of intervention and therapy of food allergy.展开更多
The occurrence and impacts of emerging organic contaminants(EOCs)in the aquatic environment have gained widespread attention over the past two decades.Due to large number of potential contaminants,monitoring campaigns...The occurrence and impacts of emerging organic contaminants(EOCs)in the aquatic environment have gained widespread attention over the past two decades.Due to large number of potential contaminants,monitoring campaigns,treatment plants,and proposed regulations should preferentially focus on specific pollutants with the highest potential for ecological and human health effects.In the present study,a multi-criteria screening approach based on hazard and exposure potentials was developed for prioritization of 405 unregulated EOCs already present in Chinese surface water.Hazard potential,exposure potential,and risk quotients for ecological and human health effects were quantitatively analyzed and used to screen contaminants.The hazard potential was defined by contaminant persistence,bioaccumulation,ecotoxicity,and human health effects;similarly,the exposure potential was a function of contaminant concentration and detection frequency.In total,123 compounds passed the preselection process,which involved a priority index equal to the normalized hazard potential multiplied by the normalized exposure potential.Based on the prioritization scheme,11 compounds were identified as top-priority,and 37 chemicals were defined as high-priority.The results obtained by the priority index were compared with four other prioritization schemes based on exposure potential,hazard potential,or risk quotients for ecological effects or human health.The priority index effectively captured and integrated the results from the more simplistic prioritization schemes.Based on identified data gaps,four uncertainty categories were classified to recommend:①regular monitoring,derivation of environmental quality standards,and development of control strategies;②increased monitoring;③fortified hazard assessment;and④increased efforts to collect occurrence and toxicity data.Overall,20 pollutants were recommended as priority EOCs.The prioritized list of contaminants provides the necessary information for authoritative regulations to monitor,control,evaluate,and manage the risks of environmentally-relevant EOCs in Chinese surface water.展开更多
A Ni–P alloy gradient coating consisting of multiple electroless Ni–P layers with various phosphorus contents was prepared on the aviation aluminum alloy. Several characterization and electrochemical techniques were...A Ni–P alloy gradient coating consisting of multiple electroless Ni–P layers with various phosphorus contents was prepared on the aviation aluminum alloy. Several characterization and electrochemical techniques were used to characterize the different Ni–P coatings’ morphologies, phase structures, elemental compositions, and corrosion protection. The gradient coating showed good adhesion and high corrosion and wear resistance, enabling the application of aluminum alloy in harsh environments. The results showed that the double zinc immersion was vital in obtaining excellent adhesion (81.2 N). The optimal coating was not peeled and shredded even after bending tests with angles higher than 90°and was not corroded visually after 500 h of neutral salt spray test at 35℃. The high corrosion resistance was attributed to the misaligning of these micro defects in the three different nickel alloy layers and the amorphous structure of the high P content in the outer layer. These findings guide the exploration of functional gradient coatings that meet the high application requirement of aluminum alloy parts in complicated and harsh aviation environments.展开更多
1.Introduction In recent years,China has carried out an extensive preventative battle against air,water,and soil pollution,and the nation’s environmental quality-as reflected by conventional pollutant indicators—has...1.Introduction In recent years,China has carried out an extensive preventative battle against air,water,and soil pollution,and the nation’s environmental quality-as reflected by conventional pollutant indicators—has significantly improved.At the same time,the issue of emerging contaminants(ECs)is beginning to receive increasing attention.ECs generally refer to newly discovered or noticeable pollutants that pose risks to the ecological environment or human health.Either they have not been included in environmental management,or existing management measures are insufficient to effectively prevent and control their risks.The ECs of greatest concern generally include persistent organic pollutants(POPs),endocrine-disrupting chemicals(EDCs),pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs),and microplastics.These four categories of ECs are not entirely separate,as they interrelate with each other(Fig.1).Chemical production and product usage are the main sources of ECs.China is the world’s largest producer and consumer of bulk chemicals,and the production value of China’s chemical industry is predicted to reach 50%of the global total by 2030[1].Scientific control of ECs based on their environmental risk assessment is a necessary way to support the prevention and legal governance of ECs.展开更多
The 6:2 FTS was the substitute for perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) in the chrome plating industry in Japan. Electrochemical oxidation of 6:2 FTS was investigated in this study. The degradabilities of PFOS and 6:2...The 6:2 FTS was the substitute for perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) in the chrome plating industry in Japan. Electrochemical oxidation of 6:2 FTS was investigated in this study. The degradabilities of PFOS and 6:2 FTS were tested on the Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3anode. The effects of current density,potential,and supporting electrolyte on the degradation of 6:2 FTS were evaluated. Experimental results showed that 6:2 FTS was more easily degraded than PFOS on the Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3anode. At a low current density of 1.42 mA/cm2,6:2 FTS was not degraded on Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3,while the degradation ratio increased when the current density ranged from 4.25 to 6.80 mA/cm2. The degradation of 6:2 FTS at current density of 6.80 mA/cm2 followed pseudo first-order kinetics with the rate constant of 0.074 hr-1. The anodic potential played an important role in the degradation of 6:2 FTS,and the pseudo first-order rate constants increased with the potential. The surface of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3was contaminated after electrolysis at constant potential of 3 V,while the fouling phenomenon was not observed at 5 V. The fouled anode could be regenerated by incinerating at 600°C. The intermediates detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometer(UPLC–MS/MS) were shorter chain perfluorocarboxylic acids. The 6:2 FTS was first attacked by hydroxyl radical,and then formed perfluorinated carboxylates,which decarboxylated and removed CF2 units to yield shorter-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids.展开更多
Cutaneous exposure to food allergens through a disrupted skin barrier is recognized as an important cause of food allergy,and the cutaneous sensitized mouse model has been established to investigate relevant allergic ...Cutaneous exposure to food allergens through a disrupted skin barrier is recognized as an important cause of food allergy,and the cutaneous sensitized mouse model has been established to investigate relevant allergic disorders.However,the role of different genetic backgrounds of mice on immune responses to food allergens upon epicutaneous sensitization is largely unknown.In this study,two strains of mice,i.e.,the BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice,were epicutaneously sensitized with ovalbumin on atopic dermatitis(AD)-like skin lesions,followed by intragastric challenge to induce IgE-mediated food allergy.Allergic outcomes were measured as clinical signs,specific antibodies and cytokines,and immune cell subpopulations,as well as changes in intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota.Results showed that both strains of mice exhibited typical food-allergic symptoms with a Th2-skewed response.The C57BL/6 mice,rather than the BALB/c mice,were fitter for establishing an epicutaneously sensitized model of food allergy since a stronger Th2-biased response and severer disruptions in the intestinal barrier and gut homeostasis were observed.This study provides knowledge for selecting an appropriate mouse model to study food-allergic responses associated with AD-like skin lesions and highlights the role of genetic variations in the immune mechanism underlying pathogenesis of food allergy.展开更多
Combining the strategies of introducing larger heteroatom,regio-regular backbone and extended branching position of side-chain,we developed polymer semiconductors(PPCPD)with narrow band-gap to construct the photosensi...Combining the strategies of introducing larger heteroatom,regio-regular backbone and extended branching position of side-chain,we developed polymer semiconductors(PPCPD)with narrow band-gap to construct the photosensing layer of thin-film photodiodes and image arrays.The spectral response of the resulting organic photodiodes spans from the near ultra-violet to short-wavelength infrared region.The performance of these short-wavelength infrared photodiodes in 900–1200 nm range achieved a level competitive with that of indium gallium arsenide-based inorganic crystalline detectors,exhibiting a specific detectivity of 5.55×1012 Jones at 1.15µm.High photodetectivity and quantum efficiency in photodiode with amorphousanocrystalline thin-films of 100–200 nm thickness enabled high pixel-density image arrays without pixel-level-patterning in the sensing layer.1×256 linear diode arrays with 25µm×25µm pixel pitch were achieved,enabling high pixel-density short-wavelength infrared imaging at room temperature.展开更多
Recent work demonstrated that efficient solar-energy conversion could be achieved in polymer photovoltaic cells(PVCs)based on interpenetrating bi-continuous networks([1,2]).In this paper we present a comprehensive stu...Recent work demonstrated that efficient solar-energy conversion could be achieved in polymer photovoltaic cells(PVCs)based on interpenetrating bi-continuous networks([1,2]).In this paper we present a comprehensive study on improving energy conversion efficiencies of PVCs based on composite films of MEBPPV and fullerene derivatives.Carrier collection efficiency of ca.30%el/ph and energy conversion efficiency of 3.9%were achieved at 500 nm.At reverse bias of 15 V,the photosensitivity reached 0.8 A/W,corresponding to a quantum efficiency over 100%el/ph.These results suggest that high efficiency photoelectric conversion can be achieved in polymer devices with M-P-M structure.These devices are promising for practical applications such as plastic solar cells and plastic photodetectors.展开更多
The synthesis of Pd-Ag alloy nanowires in nanopores of porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by electrochemical deposition technique was reported. Pd-Ag alloy nanowires with 16%-25% Ag content are expected to ...The synthesis of Pd-Ag alloy nanowires in nanopores of porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by electrochemical deposition technique was reported. Pd-Ag alloy nanowires with 16%-25% Ag content are expected to serve as candidates of useful nanomaterials for the hydrogen sensors. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersed X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were employed to characterize the morphologies and compositions of the Pd-Ag nanowires. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to characterize the phase properties of the Pd-Ag nanowires. Pd-Ag alloy nanowire arrays with 17.28%-23.76% Ag content have been successfully fabricated by applying potentials ranging from -0.8 to -1.0 V (vs SCE). The sizes of the alloy nanowires are in agreement with the diameter of AAO nanopores. The underpotential deposition of Ag+ on Pd and Au plays an important role in producing an exceptionally high Ag content in the alloy. Alloy compositions can still be controlled by adjusting the ion concentration ratio of Pd^2+ and Ag+ and the electrodeposition processes. XRD shows that nanowires obtained are in the form of alloy of Pd and Ag.展开更多
The mechanical properties of laser welded joints under impact loadings such as explosion and car crash etc. are critical for the engineering designs. The hardness, static and dynamic mechanical properties of AISI304 a...The mechanical properties of laser welded joints under impact loadings such as explosion and car crash etc. are critical for the engineering designs. The hardness, static and dynamic mechanical properties of AISI304 and AISI316L dissimilar stainless steel welded joints by CO2 laser were experimentally studied. The dynamic strainstress curves at the strain rate around 103 s-1 were obtained by the split Hopkinson tensile bar (SHTB). The static mechanical properties of the welded joints have little changes with the laser power density and all fracture occurs at 316 L side. However, the strain rate sensitivity has a strong depen- dence on laser power density. The value of strain rate factor decreases with the increase of laser power density. The welded joint which may be applied for the impact loading can be obtained by reducing the laser power density in the case of welding quality assurance.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the effect of thienorphine on small intestinal transit in vivo and on guinea-pig ileum (GPI) contraction in vitro . METHODS: The effects of thienorphine on intestinal transit were examined in mice and...AIM: To evaluate the effect of thienorphine on small intestinal transit in vivo and on guinea-pig ileum (GPI) contraction in vitro . METHODS: The effects of thienorphine on intestinal transit were examined in mice and in isolated GPI. Buprenorphine and morphine served as controls. The distance traveled by the head of the charchol and the total length of the intestine were measured in vivo . Gastrointestinal transit was expressed as a percentage of the distance traveled by the head of the marker relative to the total length of the small intestine. The isolated GPI preparations were connected to an isotonic force transducer and equilibrated for at least 1 h before exposure to drugs. Acetylcholine was used for muscle stimulation. RESULTS: Thienorphine (0.005-1.0 mg/kg, ig ) or bu-prenorphine (0.005-1.0 mg/kg, sc ) dose-dependently significantly inhibited gut transit compared with saline. Thienorphine inhibited gut transit less than buprenorphine. The maximum inhibition by thienorphine on the intestinal transit was 50%-60%, whereas the maximum inhibition by morphine on gut transit was about 100%. Thienorphine also exhibited less inhibition on acetylcholine-induced contraction of GPI, with a maximum inhibition of 65%, compared with 93% inhibition by buprenorphine and 100% inhibition by morphine. Thienorphine induced a concentration-dependent decrease in the basal tonus of spontaneous movement of the GPI, the effect of which was weaker than that with buprenorphine. The duration of the effect of thienorphine on the GPI was longer than that with buprenorphine. CONCLUSION: Thienorphine had less influence, but a longer duration of action on GPI contraction and moderately inhibited intestinal transit.展开更多
The principle, design, construction and performance of the amperometric and potentiometric sensors for measuring the permeation rate of hydrogen through the wall of metal equipment were investigated in order to develo...The principle, design, construction and performance of the amperometric and potentiometric sensors for measuring the permeation rate of hydrogen through the wall of metal equipment were investigated in order to develop a new type of hydrogen sensor with high accuracy. The transient curves of hydrogen permeation under a given charging condition were employed to evaluate the performance of two types of hydrogen sensors. The relative deviation of the hydrogen concentration detected with two types of sensors under the same condition varied from 3.0% to 13%. The accuracy, response time, reproducibility, and installation were discussed and compared. Response time of the potentiometric sensor (E-sensor) was shorter than that of the amperometric sensor (I-sensor). Both types of sensors exhibited good reproducibility. Development of I-sensor composed of a kind of proton conductor adhesives or non-fluid electrolytes which contain two functions of high electrical conductivity and a strong adhesion will be a promising prospect in order to measure hydrogen permeation at high temperature.展开更多
Adaptive wavelet filtering is a very important fault feature extraction method in the domain of condition monitoring;however, owing to the time-consuming computation and difficulty of choosing criteria used to represe...Adaptive wavelet filtering is a very important fault feature extraction method in the domain of condition monitoring;however, owing to the time-consuming computation and difficulty of choosing criteria used to represent incipient faults, the engineering applications are limited to some extent. To detect incipient gear faults at a fast speed, a new criterion is proposed to optimize the parameters of the modified impulsive wavelet for constructing an optimal wavelet filter to detect impulsive gear faults. First, a new criterion based on spectral negentropy is proposed. Then, a novel search strategy is applied to optimize the parameters of the impulsive wavelet based on the new criterion. Finally,envelope spectral analysis is applied to determine the incipient fault characteristic frequency. Both the simulation and experimental validation demonstrated the superiority of the proposed approach.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62271230)Shandong Provincial Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund(Grant No.YDZX2022178).
摘要Fault features in mechanical systems often manifest as transient impulses,which can be effectively analyzed using time-frequency analysis(TFA)methods.Recently,a new TFA technique known as the time-reassigned multi-synchrosqueezing transform(TMssT)was proposed to capture these transient impulses for fault diagnosis.However,the TMSST,which is based on the short-time Fourier transform(STFT),suffers from unclear high-frequency re-presentations owing to the fixed sliding window used in the STFT.To address this limitation,the current study combined TMSST with the S-transform and a local maximum method to enhance the time-frequency representation for improved signal analysis.Furthermore,an extractive reconstruction algorithm that binds the maximum value of the spectral envelope is proposed for spectral decomposition.To validate the proposed technique,a simulated noise-added signal and four experimental bearing defect datasets were used.The results demonstrate that the proposed technique can effectively and accurately extract fault features from bearing signals regardless of whether the bearings operate under constant or varying speed conditions.This study offers a novel and efficient approach for fault diagnosis in mechanical systems with complex dynamic behaviors.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52127811,51975120)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(SJCX25_0096)。
摘要The rise of portable electronic devices and Internet of Things(IoT)has spurred significant interest in flexible triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)as sustainable energy solutions.The electrical performance of TENGs is profoundly influenced by nanoscale factors,including interface properties and material characteristics,highlighting the critical need for a comprehensive understanding of these parameters to unlock their full potential.This paper summarizes the recent advances in advanced fiber composite TENGs(FC-TENGs),especially electrospun nanofibers,with a focus on key nanoscale properties,covering triboelectric layer interface characteristics,dielectric constant,electron affinity,and crystal phase,all of which are fundamental to optimizing their output performance.Additionally,it explores emerging applications of FC-TENGs in wearable electronics,self-powered sensors,wireless communication systems,human-machine interfaces,and modern healthcare technologies.The review concludes by addressing existing challenges,evaluating future opportunities,and outlining research directions for advancing FC-TENGs.By bridging foundational material science with innovative applications,this review seeks to inspire the development of high-performance,self-powered electrospun composite tribovoltaic nanogenerators,paving the way for a wireless,artificial intelligence(AI)-enabled IoT era.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3202202)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.310400209521)+1 种基金the Talent Startup Fund of Beijing Normal University(Nos.310432104 and 312200502503)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M760246).
摘要The trade-off between quality and difficulty is a challenge when quantifying ambient antibiotics at trace levels.Compared with the precise yet complicate methods such as mass spectrometry(MS)techniques,the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)offer a simple alternative.While some studies applied it on quantifying environmental pollutants,diverse optimization procedures were employed and matrix effects were not well-addressed.Here,the quantification capability of solid-phase extraction(SPE)coupled with ELISA on ambient antibiotics was evaluated using a newly developed standardized procedure.SPE-ELISA first underwent more rigorous optimization using an overall performance index and three-dimensional recovery response surface.A series of quantitative indicators including precision(relative standard deviation reached 0.3%),sensitivity(a minimal of 3.8 ng/L variation can be distinguished),limit of detection(0.3µg/L without pretreatment),and recoveries(>90%)of SPE-ELISA were achieved and the corresponding conditions were revealed.To eliminate matrix effects,the standard addition method was adopted.This approach,coupled with the linearization of the nonlinear calibration curve,yielded highly accurate(errors of 9%and 5.2%)and reliable(standard deviation of 0.49 and 0.61)results on measuring simulated surface and wastewaters with 5 ng/L and 10 ng/L sulfamethoxazole,which were highly comparable to those of MS methods(P>0.05).Overall,with more rigorous optimization and matrix effect eliminated,the standardized procedure in this study enabled SPE-ELISA to achieve high-quality quantification results.Considering the high throughputs,simple procedure,and low installation costs of SPE-ELISA,it could be a promising alternative for quantifying ambient antibiotics.
基金funded by the Chinese Academy of Engineering project(2025-XZ-76,2024-XZ-46)the Major Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(52091544).
摘要In recent years,the control of emerging contaminants(ECs)has attracted substantial global attention and is now recognized as a crucial component in advancing the Beautiful China Initiative.However,China's current technological capacity in ECs control remains inadequate to underpin the objective of effectively controlling the environmental risks posed by ECs by 2035.Therefore,it is imperative to investigate the technology strategy for ECs control.This study systematically reviews the current status and developmental trends of technology pertaining to the ECs control in China and developed countries,and conducts a comparative analysis of China's capabilities relative to those of developed countries.Global technologies for ECs control face multifaceted challenges in monitoring,risk screening,risk assessment,green alternatives and reduction and removal,underscoring an urgent need for intensified global research.China,meanwhile,still lags behind developed nations in several critical aspects of this field.Based on the milestones of Beautiful China Initiative and in alignment with international ECs control objectives,this study delineates the overarching goals and phased milestones for China's ECs control.In addition to identifying priority substances,key industries,and focus regions,this study formulates phased milestones for ECs control technology by integrating an in-depth analysis of China's current technological challenges.Finally,this study delineates key tasks spanning basic research,applied research,technology platform construction,development of synergistic control systems,and demonstration of major projects.
基金financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2022YFB3503702,2023YFB3506901,2021YFB3501800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92156016,62104013,22071003)。
摘要Sensitization of metal-centered forbidden transitions is of great significance.Solid MnII-based phosphors with d-d forbidden transition sensitized by CeIIIwith d-f allowed transition are promising light conversion materials,but the energy transfer mechanism in CeIII-MnIIis still in dispute for the uncertainty of distances between metal centers.Herein,for the first time,we explored the energy transfer mechanism in two well-designed luminescent heteronuclear complexes with clear crystal structures,i.e.,Ce-N8-Mn and Ce-N2O6-Mn(N8=1,4,7,10,13,16,21,24-octaazabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane;N2O6=4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane).Short distances between metal centers facilitate efficient energy transfer from CeIIIto MnIIin both complexes,resulting in high photoluminescence quantum yield up to unity.After systematic study of the two heteronuclear complexes as well as two reference complexes Ce(N8)Br3and Ce(N2O6)Br3,we concluded that dipole-quadrupole interaction is the dominant energy transfer mechanism in the heteronuclear complexes.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB3500400,2021YFB3501800,2022YFB3503700,2023YFB3506901)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22071003,92156016,62104013)。
摘要Luminescent rare earth complexes based on interconfigurational 5d-4f transition have characteristics of adjustable emission spectra and short excited state lifetimes,showing potential applications in display,lighting and other fields.In this work,nine Ce3+,Eu2+and Yb2+complexes with spiro-bis(pyrazolyl)borate ligands,where pyrazolyl stands for pyrazolyl,3-methylpyrazolyl,or 3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl,were designed and synthesized.Ce3+complexes show emission colors of blue,with photoluminescence quantum yields(PLQYs)of 94%-100%;Eu2+complexes show emission colors of yellow-green,with PLQYs of 60%-78%;Yb2+complexes show emission colors of orange or red,with PLQYs of 3%-4%.In addition,the crystal structures and theoretical calculation results show C-H…M interactions between bridge-head H atoms of the spirane and central metal ions in these complexes.It is found that the introduction of spirane with large steric hindrance and the existence of C-H…M interactions can improve the stability of the complexes in air atmosphere.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82372646Research Fund of Anhui Institute of Translational Medicine,No.2023zhyx-C70 and No.2023zhyx-C80.
摘要BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is widely considered to be a major risk factor for gastric cancer,contributing to its development through the Correa cascade.Yin Yang 1(YY1)is a transcription factor that acts as a promoter or suppressor of cancer progression.However,the role of YY1 in the inflammatory transformation associated with H.pylori-induced gastric cancer remains unclear.AIM To explore the expression of YY1 in gastric cancer and its impact on cancer progression with H.pylori infection.METHODS H.pylori bacteria were cocultured with GSE1 cells,AGS cells,and SGC7901 cells,as well as in infected and xenograft mouse models.Expression of YY1,members of the Janus kinase 2(JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling pathway,and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related proteins in gastric cancer was examined using Western blotting,quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction,and immunohistochemistry.Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test.The role of YY1 in gastric cancer cell proliferation was further evaluated through in vitro and in vivo assays.RESULTS YY1 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells.Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that high YY1 expression correlated with a poor prognosis.YY1 expression showed a gradually increasing trend in H.pyloriinduced gastritis and gastric tumors.In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that H.pylori infection promoted phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3,thereby activating the EMT pathway,in which YY1 played a key role.YY1 and JAK2 interaction was validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation.YY1 knockdown or pharmacological inhibition reversed EMT and suppressed gastric cancer cell proliferation and metastasis.CONCLUSION These results suggest that YY1 plays an important role in progression of H.pylori-induced gastric cancer by activating EMT.
基金the financial support received from the Open Project of National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy(No.2024-KFKT-009)the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Provincial Administration for Market Regulation(No.ZD2024001).
摘要Food allergies are abnormal immune responses triggered by specific foods,affecting the quality of life of millions of people worldwide.In recent years,the prevalence of food allergies has increased significantly,especially in Westernized countries,prompting the scientific community to explore the complex mechanisms behind them.Dietary patterns and specific dietary components are important factors related to the occurrence,development,and prevention of food allergies.Studies have shown that the Mediterranean diet,which is high in fiber,rich in antioxidants,and healthy fats,shows potential protective effects by promoting the balance of intestinal flora,maintaining the intestinal barrier,and regulating immunity.In contrast,a high-fat,high-sugar,low-fiber Western diet is associated with an increased risk of allergies.Key dietary components such as omega-3 fatty acids,dietary fiber,vitamins A,D,and E,and bioactive substances such as quercetin and curcumin can regulate immune tolerance through multiple pathways,including epigenetic regulation and affecting mitochondrial function.However,advanced glycation end products(AGEs),emulsifiers,artificial sweeteners produced by food processing,and pesticide residues(such as glyphosate)may damage the intestinal barrier,disrupt the flora,and increase the risk of allergies.This review explored the risk and protective factors for food allergies from a dietary perspective,thus benefiting the progress of intervention and therapy of food allergy.
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment in China (2017ZX07202)Beijing Science and Technology Planning Project (Z191100006919003)
摘要The occurrence and impacts of emerging organic contaminants(EOCs)in the aquatic environment have gained widespread attention over the past two decades.Due to large number of potential contaminants,monitoring campaigns,treatment plants,and proposed regulations should preferentially focus on specific pollutants with the highest potential for ecological and human health effects.In the present study,a multi-criteria screening approach based on hazard and exposure potentials was developed for prioritization of 405 unregulated EOCs already present in Chinese surface water.Hazard potential,exposure potential,and risk quotients for ecological and human health effects were quantitatively analyzed and used to screen contaminants.The hazard potential was defined by contaminant persistence,bioaccumulation,ecotoxicity,and human health effects;similarly,the exposure potential was a function of contaminant concentration and detection frequency.In total,123 compounds passed the preselection process,which involved a priority index equal to the normalized hazard potential multiplied by the normalized exposure potential.Based on the prioritization scheme,11 compounds were identified as top-priority,and 37 chemicals were defined as high-priority.The results obtained by the priority index were compared with four other prioritization schemes based on exposure potential,hazard potential,or risk quotients for ecological effects or human health.The priority index effectively captured and integrated the results from the more simplistic prioritization schemes.Based on identified data gaps,four uncertainty categories were classified to recommend:①regular monitoring,derivation of environmental quality standards,and development of control strategies;②increased monitoring;③fortified hazard assessment;and④increased efforts to collect occurrence and toxicity data.Overall,20 pollutants were recommended as priority EOCs.The prioritized list of contaminants provides the necessary information for authoritative regulations to monitor,control,evaluate,and manage the risks of environmentally-relevant EOCs in Chinese surface water.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52271073)。
摘要A Ni–P alloy gradient coating consisting of multiple electroless Ni–P layers with various phosphorus contents was prepared on the aviation aluminum alloy. Several characterization and electrochemical techniques were used to characterize the different Ni–P coatings’ morphologies, phase structures, elemental compositions, and corrosion protection. The gradient coating showed good adhesion and high corrosion and wear resistance, enabling the application of aluminum alloy in harsh environments. The results showed that the double zinc immersion was vital in obtaining excellent adhesion (81.2 N). The optimal coating was not peeled and shredded even after bending tests with angles higher than 90°and was not corroded visually after 500 h of neutral salt spray test at 35℃. The high corrosion resistance was attributed to the misaligning of these micro defects in the three different nickel alloy layers and the amorphous structure of the high P content in the outer layer. These findings guide the exploration of functional gradient coatings that meet the high application requirement of aluminum alloy parts in complicated and harsh aviation environments.
基金supported by the Major Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(52091544).
摘要1.Introduction In recent years,China has carried out an extensive preventative battle against air,water,and soil pollution,and the nation’s environmental quality-as reflected by conventional pollutant indicators—has significantly improved.At the same time,the issue of emerging contaminants(ECs)is beginning to receive increasing attention.ECs generally refer to newly discovered or noticeable pollutants that pose risks to the ecological environment or human health.Either they have not been included in environmental management,or existing management measures are insufficient to effectively prevent and control their risks.The ECs of greatest concern generally include persistent organic pollutants(POPs),endocrine-disrupting chemicals(EDCs),pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs),and microplastics.These four categories of ECs are not entirely separate,as they interrelate with each other(Fig.1).Chemical production and product usage are the main sources of ECs.China is the world’s largest producer and consumer of bulk chemicals,and the production value of China’s chemical industry is predicted to reach 50%of the global total by 2030[1].Scientific control of ECs based on their environmental risk assessment is a necessary way to support the prevention and legal governance of ECs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21307036)the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No.2013AA062705)the National Key Scientific and Technological Project for Water Pollution Control and Management (Nos.2012ZX07206-002,2012ZX07206-003)
摘要The 6:2 FTS was the substitute for perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) in the chrome plating industry in Japan. Electrochemical oxidation of 6:2 FTS was investigated in this study. The degradabilities of PFOS and 6:2 FTS were tested on the Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3anode. The effects of current density,potential,and supporting electrolyte on the degradation of 6:2 FTS were evaluated. Experimental results showed that 6:2 FTS was more easily degraded than PFOS on the Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3anode. At a low current density of 1.42 mA/cm2,6:2 FTS was not degraded on Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3,while the degradation ratio increased when the current density ranged from 4.25 to 6.80 mA/cm2. The degradation of 6:2 FTS at current density of 6.80 mA/cm2 followed pseudo first-order kinetics with the rate constant of 0.074 hr-1. The anodic potential played an important role in the degradation of 6:2 FTS,and the pseudo first-order rate constants increased with the potential. The surface of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3was contaminated after electrolysis at constant potential of 3 V,while the fouling phenomenon was not observed at 5 V. The fouled anode could be regenerated by incinerating at 600°C. The intermediates detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometer(UPLC–MS/MS) were shorter chain perfluorocarboxylic acids. The 6:2 FTS was first attacked by hydroxyl radical,and then formed perfluorinated carboxylates,which decarboxylated and removed CF2 units to yield shorter-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids.
基金the financial support received from the Natural Science Foundation of China(32202202 and 31871735)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LGN22C200027)the Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Biosafety Detection for Zhejiang Market Regulation(2022BS004)。
摘要Cutaneous exposure to food allergens through a disrupted skin barrier is recognized as an important cause of food allergy,and the cutaneous sensitized mouse model has been established to investigate relevant allergic disorders.However,the role of different genetic backgrounds of mice on immune responses to food allergens upon epicutaneous sensitization is largely unknown.In this study,two strains of mice,i.e.,the BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice,were epicutaneously sensitized with ovalbumin on atopic dermatitis(AD)-like skin lesions,followed by intragastric challenge to induce IgE-mediated food allergy.Allergic outcomes were measured as clinical signs,specific antibodies and cytokines,and immune cell subpopulations,as well as changes in intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota.Results showed that both strains of mice exhibited typical food-allergic symptoms with a Th2-skewed response.The C57BL/6 mice,rather than the BALB/c mice,were fitter for establishing an epicutaneously sensitized model of food allergy since a stronger Th2-biased response and severer disruptions in the intestinal barrier and gut homeostasis were observed.This study provides knowledge for selecting an appropriate mouse model to study food-allergic responses associated with AD-like skin lesions and highlights the role of genetic variations in the immune mechanism underlying pathogenesis of food allergy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U21A6002 and 51933003)he Basic and Applied Basic Research Major Program of Guangdong Province(No.2019B030302007).
摘要Combining the strategies of introducing larger heteroatom,regio-regular backbone and extended branching position of side-chain,we developed polymer semiconductors(PPCPD)with narrow band-gap to construct the photosensing layer of thin-film photodiodes and image arrays.The spectral response of the resulting organic photodiodes spans from the near ultra-violet to short-wavelength infrared region.The performance of these short-wavelength infrared photodiodes in 900–1200 nm range achieved a level competitive with that of indium gallium arsenide-based inorganic crystalline detectors,exhibiting a specific detectivity of 5.55×1012 Jones at 1.15µm.High photodetectivity and quantum efficiency in photodiode with amorphousanocrystalline thin-films of 100–200 nm thickness enabled high pixel-density image arrays without pixel-level-patterning in the sensing layer.1×256 linear diode arrays with 25µm×25µm pixel pitch were achieved,enabling high pixel-density short-wavelength infrared imaging at room temperature.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.50028302)a grant of the Guangdong Province(Grant No.990623).
摘要Recent work demonstrated that efficient solar-energy conversion could be achieved in polymer photovoltaic cells(PVCs)based on interpenetrating bi-continuous networks([1,2]).In this paper we present a comprehensive study on improving energy conversion efficiencies of PVCs based on composite films of MEBPPV and fullerene derivatives.Carrier collection efficiency of ca.30%el/ph and energy conversion efficiency of 3.9%were achieved at 500 nm.At reverse bias of 15 V,the photosensitivity reached 0.8 A/W,corresponding to a quantum efficiency over 100%el/ph.These results suggest that high efficiency photoelectric conversion can be achieved in polymer devices with M-P-M structure.These devices are promising for practical applications such as plastic solar cells and plastic photodetectors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.20373015the Hunan Education Office under Grant No.04C033.
摘要The synthesis of Pd-Ag alloy nanowires in nanopores of porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by electrochemical deposition technique was reported. Pd-Ag alloy nanowires with 16%-25% Ag content are expected to serve as candidates of useful nanomaterials for the hydrogen sensors. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersed X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were employed to characterize the morphologies and compositions of the Pd-Ag nanowires. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to characterize the phase properties of the Pd-Ag nanowires. Pd-Ag alloy nanowire arrays with 17.28%-23.76% Ag content have been successfully fabricated by applying potentials ranging from -0.8 to -1.0 V (vs SCE). The sizes of the alloy nanowires are in agreement with the diameter of AAO nanopores. The underpotential deposition of Ag+ on Pd and Au plays an important role in producing an exceptionally high Ag content in the alloy. Alloy compositions can still be controlled by adjusting the ion concentration ratio of Pd^2+ and Ag+ and the electrodeposition processes. XRD shows that nanowires obtained are in the form of alloy of Pd and Ag.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10832011)
摘要The mechanical properties of laser welded joints under impact loadings such as explosion and car crash etc. are critical for the engineering designs. The hardness, static and dynamic mechanical properties of AISI304 and AISI316L dissimilar stainless steel welded joints by CO2 laser were experimentally studied. The dynamic strainstress curves at the strain rate around 103 s-1 were obtained by the split Hopkinson tensile bar (SHTB). The static mechanical properties of the welded joints have little changes with the laser power density and all fracture occurs at 316 L side. However, the strain rate sensitivity has a strong depen- dence on laser power density. The value of strain rate factor decreases with the increase of laser power density. The welded joint which may be applied for the impact loading can be obtained by reducing the laser power density in the case of welding quality assurance.
基金Supported by National New Drugs Foundation of China, No.2011ZX09101-005-01"Integrated Drug Discovery Technology Plat form" of National Science and Technology Major Projects for "Major New Drugs Innovation and Development", No.2012ZX09301003-001
摘要AIM: To evaluate the effect of thienorphine on small intestinal transit in vivo and on guinea-pig ileum (GPI) contraction in vitro . METHODS: The effects of thienorphine on intestinal transit were examined in mice and in isolated GPI. Buprenorphine and morphine served as controls. The distance traveled by the head of the charchol and the total length of the intestine were measured in vivo . Gastrointestinal transit was expressed as a percentage of the distance traveled by the head of the marker relative to the total length of the small intestine. The isolated GPI preparations were connected to an isotonic force transducer and equilibrated for at least 1 h before exposure to drugs. Acetylcholine was used for muscle stimulation. RESULTS: Thienorphine (0.005-1.0 mg/kg, ig ) or bu-prenorphine (0.005-1.0 mg/kg, sc ) dose-dependently significantly inhibited gut transit compared with saline. Thienorphine inhibited gut transit less than buprenorphine. The maximum inhibition by thienorphine on the intestinal transit was 50%-60%, whereas the maximum inhibition by morphine on gut transit was about 100%. Thienorphine also exhibited less inhibition on acetylcholine-induced contraction of GPI, with a maximum inhibition of 65%, compared with 93% inhibition by buprenorphine and 100% inhibition by morphine. Thienorphine induced a concentration-dependent decrease in the basal tonus of spontaneous movement of the GPI, the effect of which was weaker than that with buprenorphine. The duration of the effect of thienorphine on the GPI was longer than that with buprenorphine. CONCLUSION: Thienorphine had less influence, but a longer duration of action on GPI contraction and moderately inhibited intestinal transit.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21176061)China and Science and Technology Planning Project (2013FJ3023) of Hunan Province in China
摘要The principle, design, construction and performance of the amperometric and potentiometric sensors for measuring the permeation rate of hydrogen through the wall of metal equipment were investigated in order to develop a new type of hydrogen sensor with high accuracy. The transient curves of hydrogen permeation under a given charging condition were employed to evaluate the performance of two types of hydrogen sensors. The relative deviation of the hydrogen concentration detected with two types of sensors under the same condition varied from 3.0% to 13%. The accuracy, response time, reproducibility, and installation were discussed and compared. Response time of the potentiometric sensor (E-sensor) was shorter than that of the amperometric sensor (I-sensor). Both types of sensors exhibited good reproducibility. Development of I-sensor composed of a kind of proton conductor adhesives or non-fluid electrolytes which contain two functions of high electrical conductivity and a strong adhesion will be a promising prospect in order to measure hydrogen permeation at high temperature.
基金Supported by Shenzhen Fundamental Research (Grant No. JCYJ20190806144401666)。
摘要Adaptive wavelet filtering is a very important fault feature extraction method in the domain of condition monitoring;however, owing to the time-consuming computation and difficulty of choosing criteria used to represent incipient faults, the engineering applications are limited to some extent. To detect incipient gear faults at a fast speed, a new criterion is proposed to optimize the parameters of the modified impulsive wavelet for constructing an optimal wavelet filter to detect impulsive gear faults. First, a new criterion based on spectral negentropy is proposed. Then, a novel search strategy is applied to optimize the parameters of the impulsive wavelet based on the new criterion. Finally,envelope spectral analysis is applied to determine the incipient fault characteristic frequency. Both the simulation and experimental validation demonstrated the superiority of the proposed approach.