5-Aminopentanol(5-AP)is a valuable amino alcohol with potential applications in polymer synthesis and bioplastics.Conventional production methods rely on petroleum-based feedstocks and metal catalysts,which raise envi...5-Aminopentanol(5-AP)is a valuable amino alcohol with potential applications in polymer synthesis and bioplastics.Conventional production methods rely on petroleum-based feedstocks and metal catalysts,which raise environmental and sustainability concerns.In this study,a de novo biosynthetic pathway for 5-AP production from l-lysine was developed in Escherichia coli.The engineered pathway consisted of lysine decarboxylase 2(LdcC),putrescine aminotransferase(PatA),and tested aldehyde reductase(YahK,YihU,YqhD).Among the tested reductases,aldehyde reductase exhibited the highest catalytic efficiency,producing 44.5±2.6 mM of 5-AP(0.44±0.03 mol5−AP/molL−lysine).The replacement of the expression system with a T7-based dual-plasmid platform,pET24ma::ldcC,and pCDFDuet-1::yqhD::patA co-transformed into E.coli,increased the production to 60.7±5.8 mM,accompanied by reduced cadaverine accumulation.Further enhancement was achieved by increasing the gene dosage of PatA,leading to 68.5±4.2 mM 5-AP and reduced by 40%in cadaverine levels.Cadaverine is a precursor in the production of 5-AP,and its accumulation is an important factor in the limitation of conversion to 5-AP.Intracellular cofactor regeneration is expected to cause an indirect supply ofα-KG,a cofactor,to enhance conversion to 5-AP.To support intracellular cofactor regeneration,glucose supplementation and increased aeration were applied,resulting in a final titer of 78.5±1.2 mM 5-AP and improved precursor utilization.This study is the first report of selective microbial 5-AP production and highlights the importance of PatA expression in pathway optimization.The newly established l-lysine(C6)valorization process which converts l-lysine to high-value materials such as 1,5-PDO,glutarate,and 5-AP offers a promising route for the sustainable biosynthesis of amino alcohols,laying the groundwork for future improvements through enzyme engineering and metabolic design.展开更多
Ab initio calculations were performed using the Gaussian 03 software package to obtain the optimized structure,interaction energy and infrared spectrum of ionic liquids(ILs)containing a tetraalkylphosphonium cation an...Ab initio calculations were performed using the Gaussian 03 software package to obtain the optimized structure,interaction energy and infrared spectrum of ionic liquids(ILs)containing a tetraalkylphosphonium cation and an amino acid anion.In order to investigate the effect of the presence of nitrogen in the cation,the tetraalkylphosphonium cation was replaced by a tetraalkylammonium cation,while amino acids were retained as anions in the ionic liquid.The amino acids studied here included glycine,alanine,serine,lysine,and glutamine.Optimized structures of several ILs in the gas phase were determined at the levels of Hartree-Fock(HF/6-3+G(d))and 1density functional theory(B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p)).At high-level estimations,MP2/6-31+G(d)and MP2/6-31++G(d,p),the interaction energies between the cations and anions of the ILs were determined.In order to investigate the effect of alkyl-chain length on interaction energy,the alkyl groups were varied from methyl to ethyl and propyl in the tetraalkylphosphonium functional groups.This procedure revealed that there is a considerably stronger interaction between the alkylphosphonium cations and amino acids than between alkylammonium cations and amino acids.Vibrational spectroscopy of ILs shows that a significant-OH vibration peak occurs at 4124 cmt in serine-containing ILs,and a prominent C=O vending peak occurs at 1626 cm^-1 in amino acids.展开更多
基金supported by the R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT(20014350,20015041,20018337,and 20018132)supported by the cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development(PJ0170820)through the Rural Development Administration(2022R1A4A1033015).
摘要5-Aminopentanol(5-AP)is a valuable amino alcohol with potential applications in polymer synthesis and bioplastics.Conventional production methods rely on petroleum-based feedstocks and metal catalysts,which raise environmental and sustainability concerns.In this study,a de novo biosynthetic pathway for 5-AP production from l-lysine was developed in Escherichia coli.The engineered pathway consisted of lysine decarboxylase 2(LdcC),putrescine aminotransferase(PatA),and tested aldehyde reductase(YahK,YihU,YqhD).Among the tested reductases,aldehyde reductase exhibited the highest catalytic efficiency,producing 44.5±2.6 mM of 5-AP(0.44±0.03 mol5−AP/molL−lysine).The replacement of the expression system with a T7-based dual-plasmid platform,pET24ma::ldcC,and pCDFDuet-1::yqhD::patA co-transformed into E.coli,increased the production to 60.7±5.8 mM,accompanied by reduced cadaverine accumulation.Further enhancement was achieved by increasing the gene dosage of PatA,leading to 68.5±4.2 mM 5-AP and reduced by 40%in cadaverine levels.Cadaverine is a precursor in the production of 5-AP,and its accumulation is an important factor in the limitation of conversion to 5-AP.Intracellular cofactor regeneration is expected to cause an indirect supply ofα-KG,a cofactor,to enhance conversion to 5-AP.To support intracellular cofactor regeneration,glucose supplementation and increased aeration were applied,resulting in a final titer of 78.5±1.2 mM 5-AP and improved precursor utilization.This study is the first report of selective microbial 5-AP production and highlights the importance of PatA expression in pathway optimization.The newly established l-lysine(C6)valorization process which converts l-lysine to high-value materials such as 1,5-PDO,glutarate,and 5-AP offers a promising route for the sustainable biosynthesis of amino alcohols,laying the groundwork for future improvements through enzyme engineering and metabolic design.
摘要Ab initio calculations were performed using the Gaussian 03 software package to obtain the optimized structure,interaction energy and infrared spectrum of ionic liquids(ILs)containing a tetraalkylphosphonium cation and an amino acid anion.In order to investigate the effect of the presence of nitrogen in the cation,the tetraalkylphosphonium cation was replaced by a tetraalkylammonium cation,while amino acids were retained as anions in the ionic liquid.The amino acids studied here included glycine,alanine,serine,lysine,and glutamine.Optimized structures of several ILs in the gas phase were determined at the levels of Hartree-Fock(HF/6-3+G(d))and 1density functional theory(B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p)).At high-level estimations,MP2/6-31+G(d)and MP2/6-31++G(d,p),the interaction energies between the cations and anions of the ILs were determined.In order to investigate the effect of alkyl-chain length on interaction energy,the alkyl groups were varied from methyl to ethyl and propyl in the tetraalkylphosphonium functional groups.This procedure revealed that there is a considerably stronger interaction between the alkylphosphonium cations and amino acids than between alkylammonium cations and amino acids.Vibrational spectroscopy of ILs shows that a significant-OH vibration peak occurs at 4124 cmt in serine-containing ILs,and a prominent C=O vending peak occurs at 1626 cm^-1 in amino acids.