Background:Si-Jun-Zi-Tang(SJZT),a traditional Chinese herbal formula,is designed to boost vitality and promote spleen health,bringing numerous benefits to the body.It has indicated that herbal remedies have a potentia...Background:Si-Jun-Zi-Tang(SJZT),a traditional Chinese herbal formula,is designed to boost vitality and promote spleen health,bringing numerous benefits to the body.It has indicated that herbal remedies have a potential link with enhanced exercise performance,reducing the risk of various chronic diseases.In this study,we will observe the impact of SJZT on the exercise performance of mice and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods:In this study,we used the steam distillation method to obtain the extract of SJZT.Mice were given pure water,low and high doses of SJZT respectively for 4 weeks,followed by the assessment of exercise performance(Forelimb Grip Strength Test,Exhausted Swimming Training,Exhausted Treadmill Running Test,and 10-min Swimming Test).Subsequently,serum and urine biochemical indices,glycogen content,liver mRNA,and protein expression were analyzed after the mice completed 6 weeks of treadmill training.In the cellular experiments,we used the HepG2 cell line treated with SJZT post-gavage serum to mimic the in-vivo SJZT-administered mouse model,and used Western blot,qPCR,and other experimental techniques to thoroughly investigate the potential mechanism of SJZT to enhance exercise performance.Results:Compared with the Vehicle group,the SJZT groups showed increased lactate clearance and elevated liver glycogen levels.In terms of exercise performance,grip strength,exercise capacity,and lactate clearance were increased,and lactate production was decreased in the SJZT groups.In comparison to the Vehicle group,the SJZT groups exhibited decreased RNA and protein expression of p-p38 MAPK,increased RNA and protein expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α,elevated protein expression of p-AMPK,and reduced protein expression of NF-κB.Consistent with the in-vivo results,the in-vitro results indicated that SJZT improved exercise performance by modulating p38 MAPK signaling.Conclusion:These results suggest that SJZT improves exercise performance in mice by a mechanism that may be related to the inhibition of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.展开更多
We investigate the dynamics of a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate subject to spin–orbital-angularmomentum coupling and confined to a ring,via the variational approach.Adopting a single-mode approximation by as...We investigate the dynamics of a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate subject to spin–orbital-angularmomentum coupling and confined to a ring,via the variational approach.Adopting a single-mode approximation by assuming that the BEC carries a single angular momentum for SU(2)-symmetric spin interactions,the equations of motion for the variational parameters are derived.The phase diagram of the ground state in the plane of the Raman coupling and detuning contains three different phases which meet at a tricritical point,and the exact phase boundaries between the three phases are determined.Linear stability analysis shows that the stationary state is dynamically stable,and there exists an oscillation eigenmode with frequency determined by detuning,angular momentum,and Raman coupling.The time-evolution results indicate that the spin vector undergoes periodic rotation along a closed orbit on the Bloch sphere,which can be interpreted as a precession of the collective spin around an effective field determined by the Raman coupling strength,the detuning,and the angular momentum.展开更多
We consider two pointlike static impurities without direct interaction immersed in a three-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate(BEC)at zero temperature.By solving the Gross–Pitaevskii(GP)equation in a perturbative m...We consider two pointlike static impurities without direct interaction immersed in a three-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate(BEC)at zero temperature.By solving the Gross–Pitaevskii(GP)equation in a perturbative manner,we calculate the ground state energy in the region where the atom–impurity interaction is assumed to be weak.We obtain an analytical expression for the spatial distribution of atom number density and the effective force between these two impurities.The effective force is found to be closely related to the strength of the atom–impurity interaction and the relative distance between these two impurities.Two critical relative distances are found between the two impurities.The first one corresponds to the vanishing of the perturbed energy with impurities,although the effective force between the two impurities still exists.At the second critical value,the energy of the impurities changes linearly with the atom–impurity interaction;otherwise,it changes quadratically with the atom–impurity interaction.展开更多
基金supported by Basic Scientific Research Fund of Education Department of Liaoning Province,China(LJ212410161100 to Z-L.L.)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China(2022-MS-326 to Z-L.L.and 2021-BS-294 to B.W.)+1 种基金Dengfeng project of Dalian medical discipline priority(2022ZZ258 and 2023ZZ025 to B.W.)China Foundation For Youth Entrepreneurship And Employment(P24041687730 to L-N.X.).
摘要Background:Si-Jun-Zi-Tang(SJZT),a traditional Chinese herbal formula,is designed to boost vitality and promote spleen health,bringing numerous benefits to the body.It has indicated that herbal remedies have a potential link with enhanced exercise performance,reducing the risk of various chronic diseases.In this study,we will observe the impact of SJZT on the exercise performance of mice and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods:In this study,we used the steam distillation method to obtain the extract of SJZT.Mice were given pure water,low and high doses of SJZT respectively for 4 weeks,followed by the assessment of exercise performance(Forelimb Grip Strength Test,Exhausted Swimming Training,Exhausted Treadmill Running Test,and 10-min Swimming Test).Subsequently,serum and urine biochemical indices,glycogen content,liver mRNA,and protein expression were analyzed after the mice completed 6 weeks of treadmill training.In the cellular experiments,we used the HepG2 cell line treated with SJZT post-gavage serum to mimic the in-vivo SJZT-administered mouse model,and used Western blot,qPCR,and other experimental techniques to thoroughly investigate the potential mechanism of SJZT to enhance exercise performance.Results:Compared with the Vehicle group,the SJZT groups showed increased lactate clearance and elevated liver glycogen levels.In terms of exercise performance,grip strength,exercise capacity,and lactate clearance were increased,and lactate production was decreased in the SJZT groups.In comparison to the Vehicle group,the SJZT groups exhibited decreased RNA and protein expression of p-p38 MAPK,increased RNA and protein expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α,elevated protein expression of p-AMPK,and reduced protein expression of NF-κB.Consistent with the in-vivo results,the in-vitro results indicated that SJZT improved exercise performance by modulating p38 MAPK signaling.Conclusion:These results suggest that SJZT improves exercise performance in mice by a mechanism that may be related to the inhibition of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12175027 and 11875010)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(Grant No.CSTB2025NSCQGPX1010)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.KJQN202500531)。
摘要We investigate the dynamics of a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate subject to spin–orbital-angularmomentum coupling and confined to a ring,via the variational approach.Adopting a single-mode approximation by assuming that the BEC carries a single angular momentum for SU(2)-symmetric spin interactions,the equations of motion for the variational parameters are derived.The phase diagram of the ground state in the plane of the Raman coupling and detuning contains three different phases which meet at a tricritical point,and the exact phase boundaries between the three phases are determined.Linear stability analysis shows that the stationary state is dynamically stable,and there exists an oscillation eigenmode with frequency determined by detuning,angular momentum,and Raman coupling.The time-evolution results indicate that the spin vector undergoes periodic rotation along a closed orbit on the Bloch sphere,which can be interpreted as a precession of the collective spin around an effective field determined by the Raman coupling strength,the detuning,and the angular momentum.
基金funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12174055 and 11674058)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian(Grant No.2020J01195)funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12175027)。
摘要We consider two pointlike static impurities without direct interaction immersed in a three-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate(BEC)at zero temperature.By solving the Gross–Pitaevskii(GP)equation in a perturbative manner,we calculate the ground state energy in the region where the atom–impurity interaction is assumed to be weak.We obtain an analytical expression for the spatial distribution of atom number density and the effective force between these two impurities.The effective force is found to be closely related to the strength of the atom–impurity interaction and the relative distance between these two impurities.Two critical relative distances are found between the two impurities.The first one corresponds to the vanishing of the perturbed energy with impurities,although the effective force between the two impurities still exists.At the second critical value,the energy of the impurities changes linearly with the atom–impurity interaction;otherwise,it changes quadratically with the atom–impurity interaction.