Solar flares are violent solar outbursts which have a great influence on the space environment surrounding Earth,potentially causing disruption of the ionosphere and interference with the geomagnetic field,thus causin...Solar flares are violent solar outbursts which have a great influence on the space environment surrounding Earth,potentially causing disruption of the ionosphere and interference with the geomagnetic field,thus causing magnetic storms.Consequently,it is very important to accurately predict the time period of solar flares.This paper proposes a flare prediction model,based on physical images of active solar regions.We employ X-ray flux curves recorded directly by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite,used as input data for the model,allowing us to largely avoid the influence of accidental errors,effectively improving the model prediction efficiency.A model based on the X-ray flux curve can predict whether there will be a flare event within 24 hours.The reverse can also be verified by the peak of the X-ray flux curve to see if a flare has occurred within the past 24 hours.The True Positive Rate and False Positive Rate of the prediction model,based on physical images of active regions are 0.6070 and 0.2410 respectively,and the accuracy and True Skill Statistics are 0.7590 and 0.5556.Our model can effectively improve prediction efficiency compared with models based on the physical parameters of active regions or magnetic field records,providing a simple method for solar flare prediction.展开更多
Neurodegenerative diseases,which are characterized by progressive neuronal loss and the lack of disease-modifying therapies,are becoming a major global health challenge.The existing neuromodulation techniques,such as ...Neurodegenerative diseases,which are characterized by progressive neuronal loss and the lack of disease-modifying therapies,are becoming a major global health challenge.The existing neuromodulation techniques,such as deep brain stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation,show limitations such as invasiveness,restricted cortical targeting,and irreversible tissue effects.In this context,low-intensity transcranial ultrasound has emerged as a promising noninvasive alternative that can penetrate deep into the brain and modulate neuroplasticity.This review comprehensively assesses the therapeutic mechanisms,efficacy,and translational potential of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound in treating neurodegenerative diseases,with emphasis on its role in promoting neuronal regeneration,modulating neuroinflammation,and enhancing functional recovery.We summarize the findings of previous studies and systematically illustrate the potential of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound in regulating cell death mechanisms,enhancing neural repair and regeneration,and alleviating symptoms associated with neurodegenerative diseases.Preclinical findings indicate that low-intensity transcranial ultrasound can enhance the release of neurotrophic factors(e.g.,brain-derived neurotrophic factor),promote autophagy to clear protein aggregates,modulate microglial activation,and temporarily open the blood-brain barrier to facilitate targeted drug delivery.Existing clinical trial data show that low-intensity transcranial ultrasound can reduce amyloid-βplaques,improve motor and cognitive deficits,and promote remyelination in various disease models.Early clinical trials suggest that low-intensity transcranial ultrasound may enhance cognitive scores in Alzheimer’s disease and alleviate motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease,all while demonstrating a favorable safety profile.Past studies support the notion that by integrating safety,precision,and reversibility,low-intensity transcranial ultrasound can transform the treatment landscape for neurodegenerative disease.However,more advancements are necessary for future clinical application of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound,including optimizing parameters such as frequency,intensity,and duty cycle;considering individual anatomical differences;and confirming long-term efficacy.We believe establishing standardized protocols,conducting larger trials,and investigating the underlying mechanisms to clarify dose-response relationships and refine personalized application strategies are essential in this regard.Future research should focus on translating preclinical findings into clinical practice,addressing technical challenges,and exploring combination therapies with pharmacological or gene interventions.展开更多
In response to the rising demand for low-latency,computation-intensive applications in vehicular networks,this paper proposes an adaptive task offloading approach for Vehicle-to-Everything(V2X)environments.Leveraging ...In response to the rising demand for low-latency,computation-intensive applications in vehicular networks,this paper proposes an adaptive task offloading approach for Vehicle-to-Everything(V2X)environments.Leveraging an enhanced Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(MADDPG)algorithm with an attention mechanism,the proposed approach optimizes computation offloading and resource allocation,aiming to minimize energy consumption and service delay.In this paper,vehicles dynamically offload computing-intensive tasks to both nearby vehicles through V2V links and roadside units through V2I links.The adaptive attention mechanism enables the system to prioritize relevant state information,leading to faster convergence.Simulations conducted in a realistic urban V2X scenario demonstrate that the proposed Attention-enhanced MADDPG(AT-MADDPG)algorithm significantly improves performance,achieving notable reductions in both energy consumption and latency compared to baseline algorithms,especially in high-demand,dynamic scenarios.展开更多
Refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs)are promising for high-temperature applications due to their ex-ceptional mechanical properties at high temperatures.However,limited studies on their high-temperature fatigue behav...Refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs)are promising for high-temperature applications due to their ex-ceptional mechanical properties at high temperatures.However,limited studies on their high-temperature fatigue behavior hinder further development.This study systematically investigates the low-cycle fatigue(LCF)behavior of HfNbTiZr RHEA at room temperature(25℃)and elevated temperatures(350,450,and 600℃)through a combination of experimental analyses and dislocation-based damage-coupled crystal plasticity finite element(CPFE)simulations,to unveil the effects of creep damage on LCF behavior at varying temperatures.The results indicate that the LCF life dramatically decreases at an increased tem-perature,shifting from transgranular fatigue damage at lower temperatures(25-350℃)to a dual damage mechanism involving both intergranular fatigue and creep damage at higher temperatures(450-600℃).At 600℃,creep damage notably contributes to the accumulation of geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs),crack initiation,and propagation at grain boundaries,and thus accelerates LCF failure.Compara-tive CPFE simulations reveal that creep damage significantly contributes to cyclic softening and reduction in elastic modulus,which also amplifies the strain localization under the LCF loading.The contribution of creep damage to the total stored energy density(SED)representing the overall damage increases with temperatures,accounting for 11%at 600℃.Additionally,CPFE simulations indicate that the creep dam-age notably influences the magnitude of GND density localized at grain boundaries.This study provides critical insights into the fatigue damage mechanisms of RHEAs,offering valuable guidance for their ap-plication in high temperatures.展开更多
Given its excellent biological properties and the matching of its elastic modulus with that of human bone tissue,medical polyetheretherketone(PEEK)is considered a desirable candidate for bone-implant materials.However...Given its excellent biological properties and the matching of its elastic modulus with that of human bone tissue,medical polyetheretherketone(PEEK)is considered a desirable candidate for bone-implant materials.However,its poor osseointegrative and antibacterial properties greatly limit its clinical application.To address these concerns,a functional PEEK implant is needed.Herein,a novel photo-responsive multifunctional PEEK-based implant material(sPEEK/BP/E7)with both effective osteogenesis and good disinfection properties was constructed via the self-assembly of black phosphorus(BP)nanosheets,mussel-inspired polydopamine(PDA),and bioactive short peptide E7 on sulfonated PEEK(sPEEK).The versatile micro-ano-structured PEEK surface provides superior hydrophilicity,a favorable osteogenic microenvironment,and excellent photothermal effects under near-infrared(NIR)irradiation.The in vitro results showed that sPEEK/BP/E7 displays enhanced cytocompatibility and osteogenicity in terms of cell adhesion,proliferation,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity,matrix mineralization,and osteogenesis-related gene expression,superior to those of the sPEEK and sPEEK/BP samples.In addition to osteogenesis,the multifunctional coating exhibited strong antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and Escherichia coli(E.coli).Furthermore,it was confirmed in a rat femoral infection model that sPEEK/BP/E7 effectively resisted infection caused by S.aureus under NIR light irradiation and promoted osseointegration in vivo.Thus,this work presents a facile strategy to realize improvement of the“functional integration”of new polymer bone–implant materials and provide new ideas for their clinical application.展开更多
It is difficult to improve both energy consumption and detection accuracy simultaneously,and even to obtain the trade-off between them,when detecting and tracking moving targets,especially for Underwater Wireless Sens...It is difficult to improve both energy consumption and detection accuracy simultaneously,and even to obtain the trade-off between them,when detecting and tracking moving targets,especially for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks(UWSNs).To this end,this paper investigates the relationship between the Degree of Target Change(DoTC)and the detection period,as well as the impact of individual nodes.A Hierarchical Detection and Tracking Approach(HDTA)is proposed.Firstly,the network detection period is determined according to DoTC,which reflects the variation of target motion.Secondly,during the network detection period,each detection node calculates its own node detection period based on the detection mutual information.Taking DoTC as pheromone,an ant colony algorithm is proposed to adaptively adjust the network detection period.The simulation results show that the proposed HDTA with the optimizations of network level and node level significantly improves the detection accuracy by 25%and the network energy consumption by 10%simultaneously,compared to the traditional adaptive period detection schemes.展开更多
Refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs)exhibit outstanding strength at room temperature,but their high-temperature applications are hindered by severe strain-softening.Here,we report slip-band-driven dy-namic recrystall...Refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs)exhibit outstanding strength at room temperature,but their high-temperature applications are hindered by severe strain-softening.Here,we report slip-band-driven dy-namic recrystallization to enhance the high-temperature strain hardening of HfNbTaTiZr RHEA.By intro-ducing partial lattice defects through hot forging,we increase the nucleation sites for dynamic recrys-tallization during subsequent thermomechanical deformation,thus suppressing the strain-softening be-havior.We reveal that the high-temperature deformation is governed by the formation of heterogeneous bimodal grains along slip bands,which effectively constrain dislocation motion and improve strength,while microbands prevent premature failure.The fracture mode also changes from ductile to mixed to cleavage-dominated with increasing temperature.Our results demonstrate a simple and effective method for overcoming high-temperature strain-softening for BCC high entropy alloys.展开更多
Heavy metal-contaminated sites are primarily treated via solidification and adsorption.Calcium silicate hydrate(C-S-H)is generated during the soil stabilization process and contributes significantly to the strength an...Heavy metal-contaminated sites are primarily treated via solidification and adsorption.Calcium silicate hydrate(C-S-H)is generated during the soil stabilization process and contributes significantly to the strength and durability of the stabilized soil.To understand how the soil moisture content and heavy metal concentration affect the transport of heavy metals and the tensile strength of C-S-H,this study performed molecular dynamics(MD)simulations under different moisture and concentration levels.The results showed that Pb2+presented the highest adsorption to the surface of C-S-H due to its strong electrostatic interaction energy.The adsorption density peaks of Pb2+were 1.5–5 times greater than those of Cd2+and Zn2+.Zn2+and Cd2+ions were more likely to be adsorbed onto water molecules and form a larger hydrated radius than Pb2+.The adsorption of heavy metals onto C-S-H initially increased as the metal concentration increased and then decreased because of the limited sorption sites on C-S-H.The diffusion coefficients of the multicomponent metals in C-S-H showed no consistent trends.The maximum tensile strength of C-S-H decreased with increasing soil moisture and heavy metal concentrations.The tensile stress increased approximately linearly with strain until it reached a peak,after which it gradually declined but remained above zero,indicating good ductility and toughness under unsaturated conditions.These findings offer valuable molecular insights into the interactions between C-S-H and heavy metals and soil moisture,thereby advancing our understanding of their combined effects on soil stabilization.展开更多
海草床生态系统具有重要的生态服务功能,分析其受威胁状况及影响因素,有利于针对性地提出海草床生态系统的保护策略。文章聚焦于海南岛海草床生态系统,结合调查数据、历史资料和文献,采用国际自然保护联盟(international union for cons...海草床生态系统具有重要的生态服务功能,分析其受威胁状况及影响因素,有利于针对性地提出海草床生态系统的保护策略。文章聚焦于海南岛海草床生态系统,结合调查数据、历史资料和文献,采用国际自然保护联盟(international union for conservation of nature,IUCN)生态系统红色名录评估方法对海南岛地区海草床生态系统进行受威胁状况评估,确定其濒危程度,并探讨了人类活动和自然因素对其影响,提出相应的保护对策。研究结果显示,文昌和三亚地区海草床生态系统面临极危的严峻形势,陵水地区海草床生态系统受威胁等级为濒危,琼海地区海草床生态系统目前处于易危状态,而澄迈地区和儋州地区海草床生态系统分别处于近危和无危状态。海南岛海草床生态系统面临着多重压力,其中围填海及渔业捕捞活动是导致其受损的主导因素,其次为污水排放和水产养殖带来的环境压力,而热带气旋等气候变化因素亦对其造成一定影响。鉴于此,本研究提出了加强规范渔业活动方式、海草无性繁殖研究、长期监测海草健康状况和开展生态连通性研究等建议,旨在促进海南岛海草床生态系统的可持续发展。展开更多
Gastritis cystica profunda(GCP)is a rare gastric disorder.It is characterized by non-specific symptoms and diagnostic complexity.This case report enriches the medical literature by highlighting challenges in diagnosin...Gastritis cystica profunda(GCP)is a rare gastric disorder.It is characterized by non-specific symptoms and diagnostic complexity.This case report enriches the medical literature by highlighting challenges in diagnosing and treating GCP.CASE SUMMARY Two patients presented with non-specific abdominal symptoms,such as abdominal distension and epigastric discomfort.Initial misdiagnosis occurred due to GCP’s non-typical manifestations.After thorough investigations,GCP was diagnosed.Endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection were carried out.Both patients recovered uneventfully.CONCLUSION GCP diagnosis demands caution,and endoscopic treatment is effective.展开更多
A sky model from CLEAN deconvolution is a particularly effective high dynamic range reconstruction in radio astronomy,which can effectively model the sky and remove the sidelobes of the point spread function(PSF)cause...A sky model from CLEAN deconvolution is a particularly effective high dynamic range reconstruction in radio astronomy,which can effectively model the sky and remove the sidelobes of the point spread function(PSF)caused by incomplete sampling in the spatial frequency domain.Compared to scale-free and multi-scale sky models,adaptive-scale sky modeling,which can model both compact and diffuse features,has been proven to have better sky modeling capabilities in narrowband simulated data,especially for large-scale features in high-sensitivity observations which are exactly one of the challenges of data processing for the Square Kilometre Array(SKA).However,adaptive scale CLEAN algorithms have not been verified by real observation data and allow negative components in the model.In this paper,we propose an adaptive scale model algorithm with non-negative constraint and wideband imaging capacities,and it is applied to simulated SKA data and real observation data from the Karl G.Jansky Very Large Array(JVLA),an SKA precursor.Experiments show that the new algorithm can reconstruct more physical models with rich details.This work is a step forward for future SKA image reconstruction and developing SKA imaging pipelines.展开更多
Deconvolution is used to eliminate imperfections in the point spread function,such as sidelobes caused by incomplete sampling of radio telescopes,and is a key technology for radio synthesis imaging.Modern telescopes h...Deconvolution is used to eliminate imperfections in the point spread function,such as sidelobes caused by incomplete sampling of radio telescopes,and is a key technology for radio synthesis imaging.Modern telescopes have such high sensitivities that the observed celestial images may contain both compact and diffuse emission.This essentially requires deconvolution technology to have the ability to model both.In this paper,a deconvolution algorithm based on hybrid parameterization is proposed for the rapid reconstruction of complex celestial structures.In this algorithm,scale-free parameterization is utilized to reconstruct compact emission,while multi-scale parameterization is employed to reconstruct diffuse emission.Simulated data representing Square Kilometre Array(SKA)observations with realistic celestial brightness distributions are applied to test the performance of the algorithm.Our experiments show that,compared with other state-of-the-art deconvolution algorithms,the algorithm proposed in this paper can reconstruct complex celestial structures well and provide competitive reconstruction results while greatly improving the reconstruction speed.展开更多
A solar radio spectrometer records solar radio radiation in the radio waveband.Such solar radio radiation spanning multiple frequency channels and over a short time period could provide a solar radio spectrum which is...A solar radio spectrometer records solar radio radiation in the radio waveband.Such solar radio radiation spanning multiple frequency channels and over a short time period could provide a solar radio spectrum which is a two dimensional image.The vertical axis of a spectrum represents frequency channel and the horizontal axis signifies time.Intrinsically,time dependence exists between neighboring columns of a spectrum since solar radio radiation varies continuously over time.Thus,a spectrum can be treated as a time series consisting of all columns of a spectrum,while treating it as a general image would lose its time series property.A recurrent neural network(RNN)is designed for time series analysis.It can explore the correlation and interaction between neighboring inputs of a time series by augmenting a loop in a network.This paper makes the first attempt to utilize an RNN,specifically long short-term memory(LSTM),for solar radio spectrum classification.LSTM can mine well the context of a time series to acquire more information beyond a non-time series model.As such,as demonstrated by our experimental results,LSTM can learn a better representation of a spectrum,and thus contribute better classification.展开更多
The fractures and kerogen,which generally exist in the shale,are signifcant to the CO2 huf-n-puf in the shale reservoir.It is important to study the efects of fractures and kerogen on oil recovery during CO2 huf...The fractures and kerogen,which generally exist in the shale,are signifcant to the CO2 huf-n-puf in the shale reservoir.It is important to study the efects of fractures and kerogen on oil recovery during CO2 huf-n-puf operations in the fracture-matrix system.In this study,a modifed CO2 huf-n-puf experiment method is developed to estimate the recovery factors and the CO2 injectivity in the fractured organic-rich shales and tight sandstones.The efects of rock properties,injection pressure,and injection time on the recovery factors and CO2 usage efciency in shales and sandstones are discussed,respectively.The results show that although the CO2 injectivity in the shale is higher than that in the sandstone with the same porosity;besides,the recovery factors of two shale samples are much lower than that of two sandstone samples.This demonstrates that compared with the tight sandstone,more cycles are needed for the shale to reach a higher recovery factor.Furthermore,there are optimal injection pressures(close to the minimum miscible pressure)and CO2 injection volumes for CO2 huf-npuf in the shale.Since the optimal CO2 injection volume in the shale is higher than that in the sandstone,more injection time is needed to enhance the oil recovery in the shale.There is a reference sense for CO2 huf-n-puf in the fractured shale oil reservoir for enhanced oil recovery(EOR)purposes.展开更多
基金partially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFE0133700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12273007)+4 种基金the Guizhou Provincial Excellent Young Science and Technology Talent Program (YQK[2023]006)the National SKA Program of China (2020SKA0110300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11963003)the Guizhou Provincial Basic Research Program (Natural Science)(ZK[2022]143)the Cultivation project of Guizhou University ([2020]76).
摘要Solar flares are violent solar outbursts which have a great influence on the space environment surrounding Earth,potentially causing disruption of the ionosphere and interference with the geomagnetic field,thus causing magnetic storms.Consequently,it is very important to accurately predict the time period of solar flares.This paper proposes a flare prediction model,based on physical images of active solar regions.We employ X-ray flux curves recorded directly by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite,used as input data for the model,allowing us to largely avoid the influence of accidental errors,effectively improving the model prediction efficiency.A model based on the X-ray flux curve can predict whether there will be a flare event within 24 hours.The reverse can also be verified by the peak of the X-ray flux curve to see if a flare has occurred within the past 24 hours.The True Positive Rate and False Positive Rate of the prediction model,based on physical images of active regions are 0.6070 and 0.2410 respectively,and the accuracy and True Skill Statistics are 0.7590 and 0.5556.Our model can effectively improve prediction efficiency compared with models based on the physical parameters of active regions or magnetic field records,providing a simple method for solar flare prediction.
基金supported by STI2030-Major Project,No,2021ZD0204200(to LX).
摘要Neurodegenerative diseases,which are characterized by progressive neuronal loss and the lack of disease-modifying therapies,are becoming a major global health challenge.The existing neuromodulation techniques,such as deep brain stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation,show limitations such as invasiveness,restricted cortical targeting,and irreversible tissue effects.In this context,low-intensity transcranial ultrasound has emerged as a promising noninvasive alternative that can penetrate deep into the brain and modulate neuroplasticity.This review comprehensively assesses the therapeutic mechanisms,efficacy,and translational potential of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound in treating neurodegenerative diseases,with emphasis on its role in promoting neuronal regeneration,modulating neuroinflammation,and enhancing functional recovery.We summarize the findings of previous studies and systematically illustrate the potential of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound in regulating cell death mechanisms,enhancing neural repair and regeneration,and alleviating symptoms associated with neurodegenerative diseases.Preclinical findings indicate that low-intensity transcranial ultrasound can enhance the release of neurotrophic factors(e.g.,brain-derived neurotrophic factor),promote autophagy to clear protein aggregates,modulate microglial activation,and temporarily open the blood-brain barrier to facilitate targeted drug delivery.Existing clinical trial data show that low-intensity transcranial ultrasound can reduce amyloid-βplaques,improve motor and cognitive deficits,and promote remyelination in various disease models.Early clinical trials suggest that low-intensity transcranial ultrasound may enhance cognitive scores in Alzheimer’s disease and alleviate motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease,all while demonstrating a favorable safety profile.Past studies support the notion that by integrating safety,precision,and reversibility,low-intensity transcranial ultrasound can transform the treatment landscape for neurodegenerative disease.However,more advancements are necessary for future clinical application of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound,including optimizing parameters such as frequency,intensity,and duty cycle;considering individual anatomical differences;and confirming long-term efficacy.We believe establishing standardized protocols,conducting larger trials,and investigating the underlying mechanisms to clarify dose-response relationships and refine personalized application strategies are essential in this regard.Future research should focus on translating preclinical findings into clinical practice,addressing technical challenges,and exploring combination therapies with pharmacological or gene interventions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under grant 2021YFA0716600。
摘要In response to the rising demand for low-latency,computation-intensive applications in vehicular networks,this paper proposes an adaptive task offloading approach for Vehicle-to-Everything(V2X)environments.Leveraging an enhanced Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(MADDPG)algorithm with an attention mechanism,the proposed approach optimizes computation offloading and resource allocation,aiming to minimize energy consumption and service delay.In this paper,vehicles dynamically offload computing-intensive tasks to both nearby vehicles through V2V links and roadside units through V2I links.The adaptive attention mechanism enables the system to prioritize relevant state information,leading to faster convergence.Simulations conducted in a realistic urban V2X scenario demonstrate that the proposed Attention-enhanced MADDPG(AT-MADDPG)algorithm significantly improves performance,achieving notable reductions in both energy consumption and latency compared to baseline algorithms,especially in high-demand,dynamic scenarios.
基金National Science Foundation of China(Nos.52401212 and52401214)the National Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20241020)+1 种基金the Avi-ation Foundation(No.2023Z0530S6004)the Jiangsu Province University Collaborative Innovation Centre(High-Tech Ships)Pro-gram(No.XTCX202401).
摘要Refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs)are promising for high-temperature applications due to their ex-ceptional mechanical properties at high temperatures.However,limited studies on their high-temperature fatigue behavior hinder further development.This study systematically investigates the low-cycle fatigue(LCF)behavior of HfNbTiZr RHEA at room temperature(25℃)and elevated temperatures(350,450,and 600℃)through a combination of experimental analyses and dislocation-based damage-coupled crystal plasticity finite element(CPFE)simulations,to unveil the effects of creep damage on LCF behavior at varying temperatures.The results indicate that the LCF life dramatically decreases at an increased tem-perature,shifting from transgranular fatigue damage at lower temperatures(25-350℃)to a dual damage mechanism involving both intergranular fatigue and creep damage at higher temperatures(450-600℃).At 600℃,creep damage notably contributes to the accumulation of geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs),crack initiation,and propagation at grain boundaries,and thus accelerates LCF failure.Compara-tive CPFE simulations reveal that creep damage significantly contributes to cyclic softening and reduction in elastic modulus,which also amplifies the strain localization under the LCF loading.The contribution of creep damage to the total stored energy density(SED)representing the overall damage increases with temperatures,accounting for 11%at 600℃.Additionally,CPFE simulations indicate that the creep dam-age notably influences the magnitude of GND density localized at grain boundaries.This study provides critical insights into the fatigue damage mechanisms of RHEAs,offering valuable guidance for their ap-plication in high temperatures.
基金support by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(YG2024QNB16)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82270953 and 82201115)+3 种基金Shanghai Rising-Star Program(21QA1405400)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(22ZR1436400)the Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai(SHSMU-ZLCX20212400)the Opening Research fund from Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology,Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,College of Stomatology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(2022SKLS-KFKT008).
摘要Given its excellent biological properties and the matching of its elastic modulus with that of human bone tissue,medical polyetheretherketone(PEEK)is considered a desirable candidate for bone-implant materials.However,its poor osseointegrative and antibacterial properties greatly limit its clinical application.To address these concerns,a functional PEEK implant is needed.Herein,a novel photo-responsive multifunctional PEEK-based implant material(sPEEK/BP/E7)with both effective osteogenesis and good disinfection properties was constructed via the self-assembly of black phosphorus(BP)nanosheets,mussel-inspired polydopamine(PDA),and bioactive short peptide E7 on sulfonated PEEK(sPEEK).The versatile micro-ano-structured PEEK surface provides superior hydrophilicity,a favorable osteogenic microenvironment,and excellent photothermal effects under near-infrared(NIR)irradiation.The in vitro results showed that sPEEK/BP/E7 displays enhanced cytocompatibility and osteogenicity in terms of cell adhesion,proliferation,alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity,matrix mineralization,and osteogenesis-related gene expression,superior to those of the sPEEK and sPEEK/BP samples.In addition to osteogenesis,the multifunctional coating exhibited strong antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and Escherichia coli(E.coli).Furthermore,it was confirmed in a rat femoral infection model that sPEEK/BP/E7 effectively resisted infection caused by S.aureus under NIR light irradiation and promoted osseointegration in vivo.Thus,this work presents a facile strategy to realize improvement of the“functional integration”of new polymer bone–implant materials and provide new ideas for their clinical application.
摘要It is difficult to improve both energy consumption and detection accuracy simultaneously,and even to obtain the trade-off between them,when detecting and tracking moving targets,especially for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks(UWSNs).To this end,this paper investigates the relationship between the Degree of Target Change(DoTC)and the detection period,as well as the impact of individual nodes.A Hierarchical Detection and Tracking Approach(HDTA)is proposed.Firstly,the network detection period is determined according to DoTC,which reflects the variation of target motion.Secondly,during the network detection period,each detection node calculates its own node detection period based on the detection mutual information.Taking DoTC as pheromone,an ant colony algorithm is proposed to adaptively adjust the network detection period.The simulation results show that the proposed HDTA with the optimizations of network level and node level significantly improves the detection accuracy by 25%and the network energy consumption by 10%simultaneously,compared to the traditional adaptive period detection schemes.
基金supported by the Aviation Foundation(No.2023Z0530S6004)Program 173(No.2020-JCIQ-ZD-186-01)+4 种基金the Space Utilization System of China Manned Space Engineering(No.KJZ-YY-NCL08)the Shanghai“Super Postdoc”Incentive Program(No.2023314)the National High-end Foreign Experts Introduction Program(No.G2023014006)the Zhenjiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Program(No.GJ2023011)the Jiangsu University(High-tech ship)Collaborative Innovation Center Program(No.XTCX202401).
摘要Refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs)exhibit outstanding strength at room temperature,but their high-temperature applications are hindered by severe strain-softening.Here,we report slip-band-driven dy-namic recrystallization to enhance the high-temperature strain hardening of HfNbTaTiZr RHEA.By intro-ducing partial lattice defects through hot forging,we increase the nucleation sites for dynamic recrys-tallization during subsequent thermomechanical deformation,thus suppressing the strain-softening be-havior.We reveal that the high-temperature deformation is governed by the formation of heterogeneous bimodal grains along slip bands,which effectively constrain dislocation motion and improve strength,while microbands prevent premature failure.The fracture mode also changes from ductile to mixed to cleavage-dominated with increasing temperature.Our results demonstrate a simple and effective method for overcoming high-temperature strain-softening for BCC high entropy alloys.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42030710 and 52308345)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFC3707903).
摘要Heavy metal-contaminated sites are primarily treated via solidification and adsorption.Calcium silicate hydrate(C-S-H)is generated during the soil stabilization process and contributes significantly to the strength and durability of the stabilized soil.To understand how the soil moisture content and heavy metal concentration affect the transport of heavy metals and the tensile strength of C-S-H,this study performed molecular dynamics(MD)simulations under different moisture and concentration levels.The results showed that Pb2+presented the highest adsorption to the surface of C-S-H due to its strong electrostatic interaction energy.The adsorption density peaks of Pb2+were 1.5–5 times greater than those of Cd2+and Zn2+.Zn2+and Cd2+ions were more likely to be adsorbed onto water molecules and form a larger hydrated radius than Pb2+.The adsorption of heavy metals onto C-S-H initially increased as the metal concentration increased and then decreased because of the limited sorption sites on C-S-H.The diffusion coefficients of the multicomponent metals in C-S-H showed no consistent trends.The maximum tensile strength of C-S-H decreased with increasing soil moisture and heavy metal concentrations.The tensile stress increased approximately linearly with strain until it reached a peak,after which it gradually declined but remained above zero,indicating good ductility and toughness under unsaturated conditions.These findings offer valuable molecular insights into the interactions between C-S-H and heavy metals and soil moisture,thereby advancing our understanding of their combined effects on soil stabilization.
摘要海草床生态系统具有重要的生态服务功能,分析其受威胁状况及影响因素,有利于针对性地提出海草床生态系统的保护策略。文章聚焦于海南岛海草床生态系统,结合调查数据、历史资料和文献,采用国际自然保护联盟(international union for conservation of nature,IUCN)生态系统红色名录评估方法对海南岛地区海草床生态系统进行受威胁状况评估,确定其濒危程度,并探讨了人类活动和自然因素对其影响,提出相应的保护对策。研究结果显示,文昌和三亚地区海草床生态系统面临极危的严峻形势,陵水地区海草床生态系统受威胁等级为濒危,琼海地区海草床生态系统目前处于易危状态,而澄迈地区和儋州地区海草床生态系统分别处于近危和无危状态。海南岛海草床生态系统面临着多重压力,其中围填海及渔业捕捞活动是导致其受损的主导因素,其次为污水排放和水产养殖带来的环境压力,而热带气旋等气候变化因素亦对其造成一定影响。鉴于此,本研究提出了加强规范渔业活动方式、海草无性繁殖研究、长期监测海草健康状况和开展生态连通性研究等建议,旨在促进海南岛海草床生态系统的可持续发展。
摘要Gastritis cystica profunda(GCP)is a rare gastric disorder.It is characterized by non-specific symptoms and diagnostic complexity.This case report enriches the medical literature by highlighting challenges in diagnosing and treating GCP.CASE SUMMARY Two patients presented with non-specific abdominal symptoms,such as abdominal distension and epigastric discomfort.Initial misdiagnosis occurred due to GCP’s non-typical manifestations.After thorough investigations,GCP was diagnosed.Endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection were carried out.Both patients recovered uneventfully.CONCLUSION GCP diagnosis demands caution,and endoscopic treatment is effective.
基金partially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0404602 and 2018YFA0404603)the National SKA Program of China(2020SKA0110300)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,11963003,11763002,61572461,11790305,U1831204,U1931141,11961141001 and 11903009)the Guizhou Science&Technology Plan Project(Platform Talent No.[2017]5788,[2017]5781)the Youth Science&Technology Talents Development Project of Guizhou Education Department(No.KY[2018]119 and[2018]433)the Guizhou University Talent Research Fund(No.(2018)60)。
摘要A sky model from CLEAN deconvolution is a particularly effective high dynamic range reconstruction in radio astronomy,which can effectively model the sky and remove the sidelobes of the point spread function(PSF)caused by incomplete sampling in the spatial frequency domain.Compared to scale-free and multi-scale sky models,adaptive-scale sky modeling,which can model both compact and diffuse features,has been proven to have better sky modeling capabilities in narrowband simulated data,especially for large-scale features in high-sensitivity observations which are exactly one of the challenges of data processing for the Square Kilometre Array(SKA).However,adaptive scale CLEAN algorithms have not been verified by real observation data and allow negative components in the model.In this paper,we propose an adaptive scale model algorithm with non-negative constraint and wideband imaging capacities,and it is applied to simulated SKA data and real observation data from the Karl G.Jansky Very Large Array(JVLA),an SKA precursor.Experiments show that the new algorithm can reconstruct more physical models with rich details.This work is a step forward for future SKA image reconstruction and developing SKA imaging pipelines.
基金partially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2018YFA0404602,2018YFA0404603)the National SKA Program of China(2020SKA0110300)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant Nos.11963003,61572461,11790305,U1831204)the Guizhou Science&Technology Plan Project(Platform Talent No.[2017]5788 and[2017]5781)the Youth Science&Technology Talents Development Project of the Guizhou Education Department(No.KY[2018]119 and[2018]433)the Guizhou University Talent Research Fund(No.(2018)60)the“Light of West China”Programme(2017-XBQNXZ-A-008)。
摘要Deconvolution is used to eliminate imperfections in the point spread function,such as sidelobes caused by incomplete sampling of radio telescopes,and is a key technology for radio synthesis imaging.Modern telescopes have such high sensitivities that the observed celestial images may contain both compact and diffuse emission.This essentially requires deconvolution technology to have the ability to model both.In this paper,a deconvolution algorithm based on hybrid parameterization is proposed for the rapid reconstruction of complex celestial structures.In this algorithm,scale-free parameterization is utilized to reconstruct compact emission,while multi-scale parameterization is employed to reconstruct diffuse emission.Simulated data representing Square Kilometre Array(SKA)observations with realistic celestial brightness distributions are applied to test the performance of the algorithm.Our experiments show that,compared with other state-of-the-art deconvolution algorithms,the algorithm proposed in this paper can reconstruct complex celestial structures well and provide competitive reconstruction results while greatly improving the reconstruction speed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61572461,11790305,61811530282,61872429,61661146005 and U1611461)CAS 100-Talents(Dr.Xu Long)
摘要A solar radio spectrometer records solar radio radiation in the radio waveband.Such solar radio radiation spanning multiple frequency channels and over a short time period could provide a solar radio spectrum which is a two dimensional image.The vertical axis of a spectrum represents frequency channel and the horizontal axis signifies time.Intrinsically,time dependence exists between neighboring columns of a spectrum since solar radio radiation varies continuously over time.Thus,a spectrum can be treated as a time series consisting of all columns of a spectrum,while treating it as a general image would lose its time series property.A recurrent neural network(RNN)is designed for time series analysis.It can explore the correlation and interaction between neighboring inputs of a time series by augmenting a loop in a network.This paper makes the first attempt to utilize an RNN,specifically long short-term memory(LSTM),for solar radio spectrum classification.LSTM can mine well the context of a time series to acquire more information beyond a non-time series model.As such,as demonstrated by our experimental results,LSTM can learn a better representation of a spectrum,and thus contribute better classification.
基金We gratefully acknowledge the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0705502,Grant No.2019YFA0705501)the fnancial support from the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2019QEE037,ZR2019MEE058)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(17CX05005,18CX02104A).
摘要The fractures and kerogen,which generally exist in the shale,are signifcant to the CO2 huf-n-puf in the shale reservoir.It is important to study the efects of fractures and kerogen on oil recovery during CO2 huf-n-puf operations in the fracture-matrix system.In this study,a modifed CO2 huf-n-puf experiment method is developed to estimate the recovery factors and the CO2 injectivity in the fractured organic-rich shales and tight sandstones.The efects of rock properties,injection pressure,and injection time on the recovery factors and CO2 usage efciency in shales and sandstones are discussed,respectively.The results show that although the CO2 injectivity in the shale is higher than that in the sandstone with the same porosity;besides,the recovery factors of two shale samples are much lower than that of two sandstone samples.This demonstrates that compared with the tight sandstone,more cycles are needed for the shale to reach a higher recovery factor.Furthermore,there are optimal injection pressures(close to the minimum miscible pressure)and CO2 injection volumes for CO2 huf-npuf in the shale.Since the optimal CO2 injection volume in the shale is higher than that in the sandstone,more injection time is needed to enhance the oil recovery in the shale.There is a reference sense for CO2 huf-n-puf in the fractured shale oil reservoir for enhanced oil recovery(EOR)purposes.