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Dynamics of tryptophan metabolites and microbial adaptations during corn by-product fermentation in the pig gut microbiome 认领 引用
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作者 Eita Toyoshi Masahiro Watanabe +21 位作者 Fu Namai Kenji Yamane Toma Kashima Wakako Ikeda-Ohtsubo Afifah Zahra Agista Ayu Yoshida Taiga Sakuma Itsuko Fukuda Kasumi Suzuki Gou Yoshioka Yuji Imai Sae Tsuchida Eri Nishiyama Hiroki Shinkai Yoshihiro Muneta Hirohide Uenishi Ryuta Tobe Hitoshi Shirakawa Masamitsu Maekawa Nariyasu Mano Haruki Kitazawa Keita Nishiyama 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期1404-1422,共19页
Background Food by-products,such as corn germ meal from starch processing,are increasingly used as sustainable feed supplements,reducing competition between food and feed and supporting the valorisation of food waste.... Background Food by-products,such as corn germ meal from starch processing,are increasingly used as sustainable feed supplements,reducing competition between food and feed and supporting the valorisation of food waste.However,their effects on gut microbial metabolism and host health remain unclear.This study aimed to determine how corn germ meal fermentation influences microbial community structure and metabolite production using an ex vivo pig faecal culture system.Results Corn germ meal supplementation significantly altered the microbial composition,increasing diversity and enriching fibre-degrading Prevotellaceae,a key bacterial family involved in complex carbohydrate metabolism.Metabolomic analysis revealed marked increases in tryptophan-derived metabolites,including indoleacrylic acid,indolepropionic acid,and indolelactic acid,which act as ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and have anti-inflammatory properties.Prevotella-mediated catabolite repression reduced Escherichia coli-derived indole formation,redirecting microbial tryptophan metabolism toward the production of these bioactive compounds.Microbial and metabolic responses differed among farms,reflecting farm-specific microbiome structures.Conclusions Corn germ meal supplementation reshapes gut microbial communities,enhances metabolic activity,and promotes the generation of bioactive tryptophan metabolites with potential immunomodulatory effects.These findings highlight the value of corn by-products as dietary fibres that can drive beneficial microbial cross-feeding and influence host intestinal homeostasis.Although demonstrated in an ex vivo setting,this study provides a mechanistic basis and preclinical evidence for future in vivo studies,supporting the sustainable utilisation of food industry by-products to improve gut health and resource efficiency in livestock production. 展开更多
关键词 Aromatic amino acid metabolism Aryl hydrocarbon receptor Corn germ meal Ex vivo fermentation Microbial metabolites Sustainable feed ingredients Swine nutrition
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Influence of the Meal and Genotype of CYP2C19 on the Pharmacokinetics of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Healthy Japanese Subjects 认领 引用
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作者 Hirohiko Shinkai Tomoyuki Koike +6 位作者 Miki Shimada Kenichiro Nakagawa Katsunori Iijima Yotaro Matsumoto Masamitsu Maekawa Nariyasu Mano Tooru Shimosegawa 《Pharmacology & Pharmacy》 2013年第6期502-509,共8页
Objectives: To evaluate the influence of meals on the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole and rabeprazole and to investigate these PPIs with reference to CYP2C19 genotypes in healthy Japanese men. Methods: This was a rando... Objectives: To evaluate the influence of meals on the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole and rabeprazole and to investigate these PPIs with reference to CYP2C19 genotypes in healthy Japanese men. Methods: This was a randomized, open label, four-way crossover study. Twelve healthy Japanese male volunteers received a single oral dose of either 20 mg omeprazole or 10 mg rabeprazole, in the fasted state and after a standardized breakfast. Results: Between the administration of omeprazole in the fasted state and after breakfast, there were no significant differences in Cmax, AUC, Tmax, and half-life. Between the administration of rabeprazole in the fasted state and after breakfast, there were no significant differences in Cmax, AUC and half-life, whereas the Tmax of rabeprazole after breakfast was significantly delayed (2.8 ± 1.0 vs 5.3 ± 1.8 h, respectively;p = 0.006). PMs demonstrated the highest Cmax and AUC after drug intake under the fasting state and after breakfast, and homo EMs showed a significantly delayed Tmax. Conclusion: When a single dose of either PPI was administered, the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole was not affected by the meal, whereas the Tmax of rabeprazole after the meal was significantly delayed. 展开更多
关键词 Proton Pump Inhibitor Omeprazole Rabeprazole CYP2C19 Pharmacokinetics
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