Background Aging-related production decline is widely observed in poultry farming,making it challenging to prolong the laying cycle of hens.However,its genetic determinants remain unclear.This study aimed to systemati...Background Aging-related production decline is widely observed in poultry farming,making it challenging to prolong the laying cycle of hens.However,its genetic determinants remain unclear.This study aimed to systematically identify key genes associated with hens with age-related production decline and reveal dynamic changes in gene expression during tissue functional decline.Results This study integrated multi-tissue transcriptomic data from 216 samples obtained from Rhode Island Red laying hens,covering nine tissues(hypothalamus,pituitary,cecum,duodenum,liver,ovary,magnum,isthmus,and uterus)at three age points(50,70,and 100 weeks of age).Through comprehensive analysis,we identified 87 genes that showed significant changes across all nine tissues(|log2-fold change|>1,FDR<0.05)and 20 hub genes playing critical roles in mitochondrial and ribosome functions.In addition,we identified 106 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)with tissue-specific expression patterns and interaction networks.We further screened 51 genes that are associated with both the age-related production decline process and economically important traits in chickens.Finally,functional validation using a hydrogen peroxide-induced senescence model in DF-1 cells highlighted NDUFB9,a gene associated with mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I,as a potential anti-aging target.Conclusions This study provides a systematic multi-tissue transcriptomic framework for understanding aging-associated productivity decline in laying hens.Our findings highlight conserved mitochondrial and ribosomal dysfunction as key molecular features of age-related production decline and identify NDUFB9 as a potential anti-aging target,offering valuable insights for improving poultry longevity and production performance.展开更多
To the editor,Genome-wide association studies(GWASs)of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)have been extensively performed in populations of European and African ancestry1 but remain largely unexplored for Chinese pop...To the editor,Genome-wide association studies(GWASs)of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)have been extensively performed in populations of European and African ancestry1 but remain largely unexplored for Chinese populations.We report the first PTSD GW AS in two independent Chinese cohorts comprising 1223 trauma-exposed individuals(288 cases and 935 controls).Gene-set analysis was performed to explore the biological function and the mechanism of PTSD.Genome-wide association analysis identified a locus at 15q26.2(LINC00923,rs11854251) approaching genome-wide significance(p=3.88×10-8).展开更多
Background Uterine aging is a key factor contributing to the deterioration of egg quality and reproductive performance in laying hens.Despite its importance,the molecular mechanisms underlying uterine aging remain poo...Background Uterine aging is a key factor contributing to the deterioration of egg quality and reproductive performance in laying hens.Despite its importance,the molecular mechanisms underlying uterine aging remain poorly defined.This study aimed to characterize gene expression and regulatory changes associated with uterine aging in hens at different life stages.Results Transcriptomic Analysis of uterine tissue from hens aged 350,500,And 700 d revealed dynamic changes in gene expression patterns during aging.A significant upregulation of genes involved in cellular senescence was observed,including increased expression of the p53 signaling pathway And markers associated with inflammation And cell cycle arrest.The most notable changes occurred between 350 And 500 d of age,suggesting this as a critical window for the onset of uterine aging.MicroRNA sequencing identified miR-210a-5p as significantly reduced with age.Target prediction and experimental validation showed that miR-210a-5p directly suppresses the expression of RASL11B,a Ras-like small GTPase that activates the MAPK signaling pathway.In primary uterine epithelial cells,reduced miR-210a-5p levels led to elevated RASL11B expression,increased activation of B-Raf,MEK,and ERK proteins,and enhanced expression of aging-related genes and inflammatory factors.In contrast,overexpression of miR-210a-5p or inhibition of the MAPK pathway delayed senescence and reduced inflammatory signaling.RASL11B overexpression was sufficient to induce aging phenotypes,confirming its central role in promoting uterine cellular aging.Conclusions This study identifies a novel regulatory pathway in which miR-210a-5p modulates uterine aging through the RASL11B-MAPK signaling cascade.The findings provide mechanistic insight into age-related reproductive decline in hens and suggest that targeting this pathway may offer new strategies for maintaining uterine function and extending reproductive lifespan in poultry.展开更多
Improving peroral delivery efficiency is always a persistent goal for both small-molecule and macromolecular drug development. However,intestinal mucus barrier which greatly impedes drug-loaded nanoparticles penetrati...Improving peroral delivery efficiency is always a persistent goal for both small-molecule and macromolecular drug development. However,intestinal mucus barrier which greatly impedes drug-loaded nanoparticles penetration is commonly overlooked. Therefore,in this study,taking fluorescent labeled PLGA(poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)) nanoparticles as a tool,the influence of anionic and nonionic surfactants on mucus penetration ability of nanoparticles and their mucus barrier regulating ability were studied. The movement of PLGA nanoparticles in mucus was tracked by multiple particles tracking method(MPT).Alteration of mucus properties by addition of surfactants was evaluated by rheology and morphology study. Rat intestinal villus penetration study was used to further evaluate penetration enhancement of nanoparticles. The effective diffusivities of the nanoparticles in surfactants pretreated mucus were increased by 2–3 times and the mucus barrier regulating capacity was also surfactant type dependent. Sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) increased the complex viscosity and viscoelastic properties of mucus,but poloxamer presented a decreased trend. Tween 80 maintained the rheological property of the mucus. With the mucus barrier regulated by surfactants,the penetration of nanoparticles in intestinal villus was obviously increased. In summary,the mucus penetration ability of nanoparticles could be enhanced by altering mucus microenvironment with surfactants. Tween 80 which largely retains the original mucus rheology and morphology properties may be a promising candidate for facilitating nanoparticle penetration through the mucus barrier with good safety profile.展开更多
To solve the volume expansion and poor electrical conductivity of germanium-based anode materials,GeGO/CNTs nanocomposites with three-dimensional network structure are fabricated through the dispersion of polyethylene...To solve the volume expansion and poor electrical conductivity of germanium-based anode materials,GeGO/CNTs nanocomposites with three-dimensional network structure are fabricated through the dispersion of polyethylene-polypropylene glycol(F127)and reduction of hydrogen.An interesting phenomenon is discovered that F127 can break GeO2polycrystalline microparticles into 100 nm nanoparticles by only physical interaction,which promotes the uniform dispersion of GeO2in a carbon network structure composed of graphene(rGO)and carbon nanotubes(CNTs).As evaluated as anode material of Lithium-ion batteries,GeGO/CNTs nanocomposites exhibit excellent lithium storage performance.The initial specific capacity is high to 1549.7 mAh/g at 0.2 A/g,and the reversible capacity still retains972.4 mAh/g after 100 cycles.The improved lithium storage performance is attributed to that Ge nanoparticles can effectively slow down the volume expansion during charge and discharge processes,and threedimensional carbon networks can improve electrical conductivity and accelerate lithium-ion transfer of anode materials.展开更多
Objective:To explore multiple relationships in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)knowledge by comparing binary and multiple relationships during knowledge organization.Methods:Characteristics of binary and multiple sem...Objective:To explore multiple relationships in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)knowledge by comparing binary and multiple relationships during knowledge organization.Methods:Characteristics of binary and multiple semantic relationships as well as their associations are described.A method to classify multiple relationships based on the involvement of time is proposed and theoretically validated using examples from the ancient TCM classic Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces.The classification includes parallel multiple relationships,restricted multiple relationships,multiple relationships that involve time,and multiple relationships that involve time restriction.Next,construction of multiple semantic relationships for TCM concepts in each classification using Protege,an ontology editing tool is described.Results:Protege is superior to a binary relationship and less than ideal with multiple relationships during the constitution of concept relationships.Conclusion:When applied in TCM,the semantic relationships constructed by Protege are superior than those constructed by correlation and/or attribute relationships,but less ideal than those constructed by the human cognitive process.展开更多
Computational spectrometers offer miniaturization potential but face the spatial uniformity requirement of incident light and trade-offs between footprint and performance.Here we report a nano-kirigami spectrometer ac...Computational spectrometers offer miniaturization potential but face the spatial uniformity requirement of incident light and trade-offs between footprint and performance.Here we report a nano-kirigami spectrometer achieving~5 nm resolution within a 2.5 μm×2.5 μm footprint.The device uses voltage-controlled deformation of Au-SiO2-Si trilayer structures with Archimedean spiral patterns,enabling dynamic spectral encoding through 2D-to-3D morphological transitions.展开更多
The reasonable design of electrode materials is crucial for tuning the electrochemical performances of advanced energy storage systems.Co–Ni–Se nanosheets uniformly growing on a butterfly-wing-derived carbon framewo...The reasonable design of electrode materials is crucial for tuning the electrochemical performances of advanced energy storage systems.Co–Ni–Se nanosheets uniformly growing on a butterfly-wing-derived carbon framework(Co–Ni–Se/BWCF)with strong anchoring are devised and prepared by a microwave treatment–ion exchange–chemical etching–hydrothermal selenization technique.Benefiting from its multi-components and unique structure,Co–Ni–Se/BWCF-160 exhibits excellent supercapacitor and sodium storage performances as self-supporting electrodes.展开更多
In this study, treatment of C57BL/6J (wild type, WT) mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with retinoic acid (RA) decreased body weight and subcutaneous and visceral fat content, reversed the apparent hepatosteatosis,...In this study, treatment of C57BL/6J (wild type, WT) mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with retinoic acid (RA) decreased body weight and subcutaneous and visceral fat content, reversed the apparent hepatosteatosis, and reduced hepatic intracellular triglyceride and serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations. Moreover, RA treatment improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in WT mice fed a HFD. However, these RA-induced effects in WT mice fed a HFD were alleviated in liver specific Sirtuin 1 (Sirtl) deficient (LKO)mice fed a HFD. Furthermore, RA also could not improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in LKO mice fed a HFD. The mechanism studies indicated that RA indeed increased the expression of hepatic S irtl and superoxide dismutase 2 (Sod2), and inhibited the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 c (Srebp- 1 c) in WT mice in vivo and in vitro. RA decreased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in WT primary hepatocytes and increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in WT mice liver. However, these RA-mediated molecular effects were also abolished in the liver and primary hepatocytes from LKO mice. In summary, RA protected against HFD-induced hepatosteatosis by decreasing Srebp-1 c expression and improving antioxidant capacity through a S irt 1-mediated mechanism.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1300600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32472894)+1 种基金China Agriculture Research Systems(CARS-40)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University(00109015)。
摘要Background Aging-related production decline is widely observed in poultry farming,making it challenging to prolong the laying cycle of hens.However,its genetic determinants remain unclear.This study aimed to systematically identify key genes associated with hens with age-related production decline and reveal dynamic changes in gene expression during tissue functional decline.Results This study integrated multi-tissue transcriptomic data from 216 samples obtained from Rhode Island Red laying hens,covering nine tissues(hypothalamus,pituitary,cecum,duodenum,liver,ovary,magnum,isthmus,and uterus)at three age points(50,70,and 100 weeks of age).Through comprehensive analysis,we identified 87 genes that showed significant changes across all nine tissues(|log2-fold change|>1,FDR<0.05)and 20 hub genes playing critical roles in mitochondrial and ribosome functions.In addition,we identified 106 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)with tissue-specific expression patterns and interaction networks.We further screened 51 genes that are associated with both the age-related production decline process and economically important traits in chickens.Finally,functional validation using a hydrogen peroxide-induced senescence model in DF-1 cells highlighted NDUFB9,a gene associated with mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I,as a potential anti-aging target.Conclusions This study provides a systematic multi-tissue transcriptomic framework for understanding aging-associated productivity decline in laying hens.Our findings highlight conserved mitochondrial and ribosomal dysfunction as key molecular features of age-related production decline and identify NDUFB9 as a potential anti-aging target,offering valuable insights for improving poultry longevity and production performance.
基金supported by Key Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China(grant number:20ZDA079)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers:31971020,82174237,U21A20364)
摘要To the editor,Genome-wide association studies(GWASs)of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)have been extensively performed in populations of European and African ancestry1 but remain largely unexplored for Chinese populations.We report the first PTSD GW AS in two independent Chinese cohorts comprising 1223 trauma-exposed individuals(288 cases and 935 controls).Gene-set analysis was performed to explore the biological function and the mechanism of PTSD.Genome-wide association analysis identified a locus at 15q26.2(LINC00923,rs11854251) approaching genome-wide significance(p=3.88×10-8).
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,grant number 2021YFD1300600Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2024YFNH0025,2022YFYZ0005,2021YFYZ0031)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-40).
摘要Background Uterine aging is a key factor contributing to the deterioration of egg quality and reproductive performance in laying hens.Despite its importance,the molecular mechanisms underlying uterine aging remain poorly defined.This study aimed to characterize gene expression and regulatory changes associated with uterine aging in hens at different life stages.Results Transcriptomic Analysis of uterine tissue from hens aged 350,500,And 700 d revealed dynamic changes in gene expression patterns during aging.A significant upregulation of genes involved in cellular senescence was observed,including increased expression of the p53 signaling pathway And markers associated with inflammation And cell cycle arrest.The most notable changes occurred between 350 And 500 d of age,suggesting this as a critical window for the onset of uterine aging.MicroRNA sequencing identified miR-210a-5p as significantly reduced with age.Target prediction and experimental validation showed that miR-210a-5p directly suppresses the expression of RASL11B,a Ras-like small GTPase that activates the MAPK signaling pathway.In primary uterine epithelial cells,reduced miR-210a-5p levels led to elevated RASL11B expression,increased activation of B-Raf,MEK,and ERK proteins,and enhanced expression of aging-related genes and inflammatory factors.In contrast,overexpression of miR-210a-5p or inhibition of the MAPK pathway delayed senescence and reduced inflammatory signaling.RASL11B overexpression was sufficient to induce aging phenotypes,confirming its central role in promoting uterine cellular aging.Conclusions This study identifies a novel regulatory pathway in which miR-210a-5p modulates uterine aging through the RASL11B-MAPK signaling cascade.The findings provide mechanistic insight into age-related reproductive decline in hens and suggest that targeting this pathway may offer new strategies for maintaining uterine function and extending reproductive lifespan in poultry.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31870987)
摘要Improving peroral delivery efficiency is always a persistent goal for both small-molecule and macromolecular drug development. However,intestinal mucus barrier which greatly impedes drug-loaded nanoparticles penetration is commonly overlooked. Therefore,in this study,taking fluorescent labeled PLGA(poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)) nanoparticles as a tool,the influence of anionic and nonionic surfactants on mucus penetration ability of nanoparticles and their mucus barrier regulating ability were studied. The movement of PLGA nanoparticles in mucus was tracked by multiple particles tracking method(MPT).Alteration of mucus properties by addition of surfactants was evaluated by rheology and morphology study. Rat intestinal villus penetration study was used to further evaluate penetration enhancement of nanoparticles. The effective diffusivities of the nanoparticles in surfactants pretreated mucus were increased by 2–3 times and the mucus barrier regulating capacity was also surfactant type dependent. Sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) increased the complex viscosity and viscoelastic properties of mucus,but poloxamer presented a decreased trend. Tween 80 maintained the rheological property of the mucus. With the mucus barrier regulated by surfactants,the penetration of nanoparticles in intestinal villus was obviously increased. In summary,the mucus penetration ability of nanoparticles could be enhanced by altering mucus microenvironment with surfactants. Tween 80 which largely retains the original mucus rheology and morphology properties may be a promising candidate for facilitating nanoparticle penetration through the mucus barrier with good safety profile.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22379056,52102100)Industry foresight and common key technology research in Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Special Project from Zhenjiang city(No.CG2023003)Research and Practice Innovation Plan of Postgraduate Training Innovation Project in Jiangsu Province(No.SJCX23_2164)。
摘要To solve the volume expansion and poor electrical conductivity of germanium-based anode materials,GeGO/CNTs nanocomposites with three-dimensional network structure are fabricated through the dispersion of polyethylene-polypropylene glycol(F127)and reduction of hydrogen.An interesting phenomenon is discovered that F127 can break GeO2polycrystalline microparticles into 100 nm nanoparticles by only physical interaction,which promotes the uniform dispersion of GeO2in a carbon network structure composed of graphene(rGO)and carbon nanotubes(CNTs).As evaluated as anode material of Lithium-ion batteries,GeGO/CNTs nanocomposites exhibit excellent lithium storage performance.The initial specific capacity is high to 1549.7 mAh/g at 0.2 A/g,and the reversible capacity still retains972.4 mAh/g after 100 cycles.The improved lithium storage performance is attributed to that Ge nanoparticles can effectively slow down the volume expansion during charge and discharge processes,and threedimensional carbon networks can improve electrical conductivity and accelerate lithium-ion transfer of anode materials.
摘要Objective:To explore multiple relationships in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)knowledge by comparing binary and multiple relationships during knowledge organization.Methods:Characteristics of binary and multiple semantic relationships as well as their associations are described.A method to classify multiple relationships based on the involvement of time is proposed and theoretically validated using examples from the ancient TCM classic Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces.The classification includes parallel multiple relationships,restricted multiple relationships,multiple relationships that involve time,and multiple relationships that involve time restriction.Next,construction of multiple semantic relationships for TCM concepts in each classification using Protege,an ontology editing tool is described.Results:Protege is superior to a binary relationship and less than ideal with multiple relationships during the constitution of concept relationships.Conclusion:When applied in TCM,the semantic relationships constructed by Protege are superior than those constructed by correlation and/or attribute relationships,but less ideal than those constructed by the human cognitive process.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2325005,62505020,52488301,62375016)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFB2809204)+1 种基金Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Disciplines Breakthrough Plan of the Ministry of Education(JYB2025XDXM115)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2025M784234)。
摘要Computational spectrometers offer miniaturization potential but face the spatial uniformity requirement of incident light and trade-offs between footprint and performance.Here we report a nano-kirigami spectrometer achieving~5 nm resolution within a 2.5 μm×2.5 μm footprint.The device uses voltage-controlled deformation of Au-SiO2-Si trilayer structures with Archimedean spiral patterns,enabling dynamic spectral encoding through 2D-to-3D morphological transitions.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52102100)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20181469).
摘要The reasonable design of electrode materials is crucial for tuning the electrochemical performances of advanced energy storage systems.Co–Ni–Se nanosheets uniformly growing on a butterfly-wing-derived carbon framework(Co–Ni–Se/BWCF)with strong anchoring are devised and prepared by a microwave treatment–ion exchange–chemical etching–hydrothermal selenization technique.Benefiting from its multi-components and unique structure,Co–Ni–Se/BWCF-160 exhibits excellent supercapacitor and sodium storage performances as self-supporting electrodes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31371191)
摘要In this study, treatment of C57BL/6J (wild type, WT) mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with retinoic acid (RA) decreased body weight and subcutaneous and visceral fat content, reversed the apparent hepatosteatosis, and reduced hepatic intracellular triglyceride and serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations. Moreover, RA treatment improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in WT mice fed a HFD. However, these RA-induced effects in WT mice fed a HFD were alleviated in liver specific Sirtuin 1 (Sirtl) deficient (LKO)mice fed a HFD. Furthermore, RA also could not improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in LKO mice fed a HFD. The mechanism studies indicated that RA indeed increased the expression of hepatic S irtl and superoxide dismutase 2 (Sod2), and inhibited the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 c (Srebp- 1 c) in WT mice in vivo and in vitro. RA decreased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in WT primary hepatocytes and increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in WT mice liver. However, these RA-mediated molecular effects were also abolished in the liver and primary hepatocytes from LKO mice. In summary, RA protected against HFD-induced hepatosteatosis by decreasing Srebp-1 c expression and improving antioxidant capacity through a S irt 1-mediated mechanism.