The spatial distribution and structural characteristics of organic and inorganic pore networks are crucial for evaluating the storage capacity of medium-to low-maturity shale reservoirs.Based on scanning electron micr...The spatial distribution and structural characteristics of organic and inorganic pore networks are crucial for evaluating the storage capacity of medium-to low-maturity shale reservoirs.Based on scanning electron microscopy images of Shahejie Formation shales in the Dongying Sag,this study established an efficient,low cost,and reliable technical method for quantitatively analyzing the structural characteristics and geological control factors of organic and inorganic pores.Shales exhibit three main pore systems:(1)nanoscale intragranular pores in clay minerals,calcite,and pyrite;(2)nano-to micronscale pores between mineral particles and organic-inorganic interface pores;and(3)micron-to millimeter-scale microfractures at the laminar interface.The number and surface porosity of organic and inorganic pores are highly correlated with the content of shale components.Organic pores in shales mostly exist in the form of organic-inorganic interface pores,with an average pore size of 600-800 nm,providing the surface porosity of 14.9%,which has an important influence on the development of submicron(200-1000 nm)scale pores.The number of inorganic pores contributes 91.45%of the total number of pores and accounts for 85.1%of the total surface porosity.The influence of clay mineralrelated pores is the most significant in inorganic pores;it not only has a significant impact on the pores in the pore size range of 0-200 nm but also affects the development of micron-scale pores together with calcite.The fractal results show that the morphological complexity of inorganic pores is higher than that of organic pores.In addition,low-resolution images will greatly underestimate the contribution of nanoscale pores to the reservoir space.Therefore,the quantitative evaluation of dense porous media should comprehensively consider the weight of resolution and field of view.The results of this study provide important microstructural data for an in-depth understanding of the organic and inorganic pore structure characteristics of medium-and low-maturity shales,and for providing more accurate reservoir quality evaluation for shale resource exploration.展开更多
In spite of the tumor microenvironments responsive cancer therapy based on Fenton reaction(i.e.,chemodynamic therapy,CDT)has been attracted more attentions in recent years,the limited Fenton reaction efficiency is the...In spite of the tumor microenvironments responsive cancer therapy based on Fenton reaction(i.e.,chemodynamic therapy,CDT)has been attracted more attentions in recent years,the limited Fenton reaction efficiency is the important obstacle to further application in clinic.Herein,we synthesized novel FeO/MoS2 nanocomposites modified by bovine serum albumin(FeO/MoS2-BSA)with boosted Fenton reaction efficiency by the synergistic effect of co-catalyze and photothermal effect of MoS2 nanosheets triggered by the second near-infrared(NIR II)light.In the tumor microenvironments,the MoS2 nanosheets not only can accelerate the conversion of Fe3+ions to Fe2+ions by Mo4+ions on their surface to improve Fenton reaction efficiency,but also endow FeO/MoS2-BSA with good photothermal performances for photothermal-enhanced CDT and photothermal therapy(PTT).Consequently,benefiting from the synergetic-enhanced CDT/PTT,the tumors are eradicated completely in vivo.This work provides innovative synergistic strategy for constructing nanocomposites for highly efficient CDT.展开更多
AIM To establish a rotavirus(RV)-induced diarrhea model using RV SA11 in neonatal rhesus monkeys for the study of the pathogenic and immune mechanisms of RV infection and evaluation of candidate vaccines.METHODS Neona...AIM To establish a rotavirus(RV)-induced diarrhea model using RV SA11 in neonatal rhesus monkeys for the study of the pathogenic and immune mechanisms of RV infection and evaluation of candidate vaccines.METHODS Neonatal rhesus monkeys with an average age of 15-20 d and an average weight of 500 g ± 150 g received intragastric administration of varying doses of SA11 RV( 107 PFUs/mL, 106 PFUs/mL, or 105 PFUs/mL, 10 mL/animal) to determine whether the SA11 strain can effectively infect these animals by observing their clinical symptoms, fecal shedding of virus antigen by ELISA, distribution of RV antigen in the organs by immunofluorescence, variations of viral RNA load in the organs by qRT-PCR, histopathological changes in the small intestine by HE staining, and apoptosis of small intestinal epithelial cells by TUNEL assay.RESULTS The RV monkey model showed typical clinical diarrhea symptoms in the 108 PFUs SA11 group, where we observed diarrhea 1-4 d post infection(dpi) and viral antigen shed in the feces from 1-7 dpi. RV was found in jejunal epithelial cells. We observed a viral load of approximately 5.85 × 103 copies per 100 mg in the jejunum at 2 dpi, which was increased to 1.09 × 105 copies per 100 mg at 3 dpi. A relatively high viral load was also seen in mesenteric lymph nodes at 2 dpi and 3 dpi. The following histopathological changes were observed in the small intestine following intragastric administration of SA11 RV: vacuolization, edema, and atrophy. Apoptosis in the jejunal villus epithelium was also detectable at 3 dpi.CONCLUSION Our results indicate that we have successfully established a RV SA11 strain diarrhea model in neonatal rhesus monkeys. Future studies will elucidate the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of RV infection, and we will use the model to evaluate the protective effect of candidate vaccines.展开更多
AIM To determine the distribution of rotavirus VP7 gene in hospitalized children in Yunnan, China. METHODS A total of 366 stool specimens were collected from hospitalized children in hospitals in Yunnan Province from ...AIM To determine the distribution of rotavirus VP7 gene in hospitalized children in Yunnan, China. METHODS A total of 366 stool specimens were collected from hospitalized children in hospitals in Yunnan Province from September 2010 to December 2013. The genomic RNA electropherotypes and the G genotypes of the rotaviruses were determined. A phylogenetic analysis of the VP7 gene was performed. Rotavirus isolation was performed, and characterized by plaque, minimum essential medium, and all genes sequence analysis. Quantification of antibodies for inactivated vaccine prepared with ZTR-68 was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and microneutralization assay.RESULTS Group A human rotavirus was detected in 177 of 366(48.4%) stool samples using a colloidal gold device assay. The temporal distribution of rotavirus cases showed significant correlation with the mean air temperature. Rotaviruses were isolated from 13% of the rotavirus-positive samples. The predominant genotype was G1(43.5%), followed by G3(21.7%), G9(17.4%), G2(4.3%), G4(8.7%), and mixed(4.3%) among a total of 23 rotavirus isolates. A rotavirus strain was isolated from a rotavirus-positive stool sample of a 4-month-old child in The First People's Hospital of Zhaotong(2010) for use as a candidate human inactivated rotavirus vaccine strain and for further research, and was designated ZTR-68. The genotype of 11 gene segments of strain ZTR-68(RVA/Human-wt/CHN/ZTR-68/2010/G1P[8]) was characterized. The genotype constellation of strain ZTR-68 was identified as G1-P[8]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-H1. The VP7 and VP4 genotypes of strain ZTR-68 were similar to Wa-like strains.CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of the G1, G2, and G3 genotypes was detected from 2010 to 2012. However, a dominant prevalence of the G9 genotype was identified as the cause of gastroenteritis in children in Yunnan, China, in 2013. A candidate human inactivated rotavirus vaccine strain, designated ZTR-68 was isolated, characterized, and showed immunogenicity. Our data will be useful for the future formulation and development of a vaccine in China.展开更多
FcαR,the Fc receptor for IgA,is essential for IgA-mediated immune responses.Previous studies have shown that IgA and IgA immune complexes can be rapidly endocytosed by FcαR.However,the underlying mechanism remains u...FcαR,the Fc receptor for IgA,is essential for IgA-mediated immune responses.Previous studies have shown that IgA and IgA immune complexes can be rapidly endocytosed by FcαR.However,the underlying mechanism remains unclear.Here,we investigated the endocytic pathway of FcαR in monocytic cell line,U937,that naturally express FcuR and in transfected Chinese hamster ovary(CHO),COS-7 and Hela cells.By using selective chemical inhibitors of different endocytic pathways,overexpression of dominant-negative mutants of Eps15 and knockdown of clathrin heavy chain(CHC)via RNA interference,we demonstrated that endocytosis of FcaR was through a clathrin-mediated pathway.The endocytosed FcαR went into Rab5-and Rabll-positive endosomes.However,endocytosis of FcaR could not be blocked by a dominant-negative mutant of Rab5.We also demonstrated that endocytosis of FcαR was dynamin-dependent by overexpressing a dominant-negative mutant of dynamin.The potential endocytic motif for FcαR was also examined.Unexpectedly,we found that the entire cytoplasmic domain of FcaR was not required for the endocytic process of FcαR.We conclude that endocytosis of FcaR is clathrin-and dynamin-dependent,but is not regulated by RabS,and the endocytic motif is not located in the cytoplasmic domain of FcαR.展开更多
In today’s society, the incidence of cardiopulmonary diseases is increasing annually, seriously affecting patients’ quality of life. Therefore, developing a scientific and effective rehabilitation training program i...In today’s society, the incidence of cardiopulmonary diseases is increasing annually, seriously affecting patients’ quality of life. Therefore, developing a scientific and effective rehabilitation training program is of great significance. This study first analyzes the theoretical basis of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation training, including the effects of aerobic exercise, interval training, and strength training on cardiopulmonary function. Based on this, a comprehensive rehabilitation training program is designed, which includes personalized training plans, comprehensive interventions, multidisciplinary collaboration, patient education, and regular follow-up visits. The cardiopulmonary rehabilitation training plan developed in this study has certain scientific practicability, which provides a theoretical basis for cardiopulmonary rehabilitation training, and also provides a reference for medical institutions, rehabilitation centers and communities, which is helpful for promotion and application to a wider range of patients with cardiopulmonary diseases.展开更多
The occurrence characteristics of shale oil are of great significance to the movability of shale oil.In this study,the occurrence characteristics of oil in the shale matrix at Funing Formation shale in Subei Basin wer...The occurrence characteristics of shale oil are of great significance to the movability of shale oil.In this study,the occurrence characteristics of oil in the shale matrix at Funing Formation shale in Subei Basin were quantitatively evaluated by organic geochemistry and microscopic pore structure characterization experiments.The Multiple Isothermal Stages Pyrolysis(MIS)experiment results show that the content of total oil,adsorbed oil,and free oil in the shales are 3.15-11.25 mg/g,1.41-4.95 mg/g,and 1.74-6.51 mg/g,respectively.among which the silicon-rich shale has the best oil-bearing.The relative content of free oil shows an increasing trend in pores with pore diameters greater than 3 nm.When the relative content of free oil reaches 100%,the pore size of silicon-rich shale is about 200 nm,while that of calcium-rich shale,clay-rich shale,and siliceous mixed shale is about 10 nm.The occurrence law of adsorbed oil is opposite to that of free oil,which indicates that shale oil will occur in the pores and fractures in a free state in a more extensive pore size range(>200 nm).This study also enables us to further understand the occurrence characteristics of shale oil under the interaction of occurrence state and occurrence space.展开更多
The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)of gliomas makes their treatment consistently suboptimal,and the aberrant energy metabolism of glioma cells orchestrates tumorigenesis and the immunosuppressive TME.In ...The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)of gliomas makes their treatment consistently suboptimal,and the aberrant energy metabolism of glioma cells orchestrates tumorigenesis and the immunosuppressive TME.In this work,we construct a biodegradable nano-modulator(ZIF-90@MnO2@GPNA,ZMG)based on ZIF-90 decorated by MnO2and loaded with glutamine transport antagonist(L-γ-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide,GPNA)for efficiently gliomas therapy by multi-pathways inhibition of energy metabolism and reshaping TME.In order to efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier(BBB)and target the gliomas,hyaluronic acid(HA)and lactoferrin(Lf)are further functionalized on its surface(ZIF-90@MnO2@GPNA@HA-Lf,ZMGH-Lf).ZMGHLf biodegrades in response to stimulation of TME,releasing Mn2+,which can catalyze H2O2to·OH and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction.ZMGH-Lf can inhibit glycolysis by alleviating hypoxia and reducing NAD+expression,while loaded GPNA inhibits the compensatory increase in glutamine uptake.This therapeutic strategy not only achieves a multipathway disruption of glioma metabolism,but also relieves the immune resistance and improves the immune TME.All these findings demonstrate that ZMGH-Lf can effectively inhibit gliomas by multi-ways manipulation of energy metabolism and immunotherapy,which provides a new strategy for the treatment of gliomas.展开更多
Lanthanum ferrites ceramics La0.9A0.1FeO3(A=Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba)have been prepared by solid state reaction.X-ray power diffraction analysis reveals that all samples are of pure perovskite structure with orthorhombic phase.Ele...Lanthanum ferrites ceramics La0.9A0.1FeO3(A=Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba)have been prepared by solid state reaction.X-ray power diffraction analysis reveals that all samples are of pure perovskite structure with orthorhombic phase.Electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient have been measured in vacuum within the temperature range between room temperature and 800℃.The electrical conductivity shows semiconducting behavior.Temperature dependence of electrical conductivity indicates that adiabatic small-polaron hopping mechanism is dominant for their electric transportations.Seebeck coefficients are positive for samples,suggesting ptype conduction in the whole temperature range.The highest Seebeck coefficient is found to be 654μV/K for La0.9A0.1FeO3.Except La0.9A0.1FeO3,the electrical conductivity of La0.9A0.1FeO3 increases with increasing atomic number of the A-site element,while Seebeck coefficient decreases.展开更多
Acute liver failure(ALF)is a mortal and critical hepatic disease,in which oxidative stress,inflammation storm and hepatocyte death are crucial in the pathogenesis.Hence,in contrast to the control of a single link,a co...Acute liver failure(ALF)is a mortal and critical hepatic disease,in which oxidative stress,inflammation storm and hepatocyte death are crucial in the pathogenesis.Hence,in contrast to the control of a single link,a combination therapy targeting multiple pathogenic links of the disease will be a favorable means to control the progression of the disease.In this study,we constructed dimethyl itaconate-loaded liposomes modified with dodecyl gallate as a cocktail activator to investigate its functional role in acetaminophen(APAP)-induced ALF.Our results demonstrated that the cocktail activator acted on hepatocytes and triggered cocktail efficacy,thereby simultaneously attenuating APAP-induced hepatocyte damage and remodeling the damage microenvironment.The cocktail activator could effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species,inhibit excessive inflammatory responses and reduce cell death in impaired hepatocytes for detoxification.More importantly,the cocktail activator could remodel the damage microenvironment,thus further promoting hepatocyte expansion and specifically switching macrophages from the M1 to M2 phenotype for a favorable liver regeneration of ALF.Furthermore,in APAP-induced ALF mouse model,the cocktail activator improved liver function,alleviated histopathological damage and increased survival rate.In summary,these findings indicate that the cocktail activator may provide a promising therapeutic approach for ALF treatment as a nanomedicine.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effect of lower limb rehabilitation robot combined with task-oriented training on stroke patients and its influence on KFAROM score. Methods: 100 stroke patients with hemiplegia admitted to o...Objective: To explore the effect of lower limb rehabilitation robot combined with task-oriented training on stroke patients and its influence on KFAROM score. Methods: 100 stroke patients with hemiplegia admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to December 2023 were randomly divided into two groups, the control group (50 cases) was given task-oriented training assisted by nurses, and the observation group (50 cases) was given lower limb rehabilitation robot with task-oriented training. Lower limb balance, lower limb muscle strength, motor function, ankle function, knee flexion range of motion and walking ability were observed. Results: After treatment, the scores of BBS, quadriceps femoris and hamstrings in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P Conclusion: In the clinical treatment of stroke patients, the combination of task-oriented training and lower limb rehabilitation robot can effectively improve the lower limb muscle strength, facilitate the recovery of balance function, and have a significant effect on the recovery of motor function, which can improve the walking ability of stroke patients and the range of motion of knee flexion, and achieve more ideal therapeutic effectiveness.展开更多
Bacterial cellulose/lotus root starch(BC/LRS) composites were prepared by cultivating Acetobacter xylinum in nutrient media containing gelatinized lotus root starch. Low concentrations of gelatinized LRS had increased...Bacterial cellulose/lotus root starch(BC/LRS) composites were prepared by cultivating Acetobacter xylinum in nutrient media containing gelatinized lotus root starch. Low concentrations of gelatinized LRS had increased BC production with the maximum value at 6.67 g/L when 5 g/L of LRS was added in the culture media and the composites had thicker and denser fibrils compared with those of BC with low concentrations of LRS(2.5 and 5 g/L). When the concentration of LRS was increased above 7.5 g/L, the morphology of the BC/LRS composites contained more fibril layers that were linked with LRS. The results from X-ray diffraction(XRD) demonstrated that there was no significant difference in structure between BC and BC/LRS composites except a slight increase in crystallinity for BC/LRS composites as the concentration of LRS was lifted up. The tensile tests were performed to display BC/LRS composites prepared with LRS concentration at 2.5 and 5 g/L in media had the tensile strength of 54 and 60 MPa, respectively, which indicated an improvement in mechanical property compared to the unmodified BC(45 MPa). Live/dead assay with chondrocytes seeded on BC/LRS composite revealed higher cell viability ranging from 85% to 90% than BC. Furthermore, cell morphology with typical spindle shape was observed on the surfaces of BC/LRS composite by confocal microscope. Through the overall results, it shows that this study has provided a guidance to prepare BC/LRS composites with better cell biocompatibility and higher mechanical strength than those of BC for the potential use in cartilage tissue engineering.展开更多
Security and privacy issues have attracted the attention of researchers in the field of IoT as the information processing scale grows in sensor networks.Quantum computing,theoretically known as an absolutely secure wa...Security and privacy issues have attracted the attention of researchers in the field of IoT as the information processing scale grows in sensor networks.Quantum computing,theoretically known as an absolutely secure way to store and transmit information as well as a speed-up way to accelerate local or distributed classical algorithms that are hard to solve with polynomial complexity in computation or communication.In this paper,we focus on the phase estimation method that is crucial to the realization of a general multi-party computing model,which is able to be accelerated by quantum algorithms.A novel multi-party phase estimation algorithm and the related quantum circuit are proposed by using a distributed Oracle operator with iterations.The proved theoretical communication complexity of this algorithm shows it can give the phase estimation before applying multi-party computing efficiently without increasing any additional complexity.Moreover,a practical problem of multi-party dating investigated shows it can make a successful estimation of the number of solution in advance with zero communication complexity by utilizing its special statistic feature.Sufficient simulations present the correctness,validity and efficiency of the proposed estimation method.展开更多
In the open network environment, malicious attacks to the trust model have become increasingly serious. Compared with single node attacks, collusion attacks do more harm to the trust model. To solve this problem, a co...In the open network environment, malicious attacks to the trust model have become increasingly serious. Compared with single node attacks, collusion attacks do more harm to the trust model. To solve this problem, a collusion detector based on the GN algorithm for the trust evaluation model is proposed in the open Internet environment. By analyzing the behavioral characteristics of collusion groups, the concept of flatting is defined and the G-N community mining algorithm is used to divide suspicious communities. On this basis, a collusion community detector method is proposed based on the breaking strength of suspicious communities. Simulation results show that the model has high recognition accuracy in identifying collusion nodes, so as to effectively defend against malicious attacks of collusion nodes.展开更多
Development of novel metal-organic framework(MOF)based photocatalysts for highly efficient hydrogen production from water or even seawater in the absence of noble metal as cocatalysts or photosensitizers,is highly dem...Development of novel metal-organic framework(MOF)based photocatalysts for highly efficient hydrogen production from water or even seawater in the absence of noble metal as cocatalysts or photosensitizers,is highly demand yet remains a significant challenge.Herein,we have synthesized four MOFs,namely n-OH-JNM(n=0,1,2,and 3),composed of copper-based cyclic trinuclear units(Cu-CTUs)and organic linkers with different numbers of-OH groups.By regulating the number of-OH groups,the optical properties,including light adsorption ability,band gap and charge separation efficiency,can be modulated,resulting in the dramatic improvement of photocatalytic hydrogen production rate.Specifically,in the absence of co-catalysts,2-OH-JNM can achieve a high hydrogen production rate of 4.07 and 1.49 mmol g-1h-1in pure water and natural seawater,respectively,while the other three JNMs cannot produce hydrogen under the same conditions.To the best of our knowledge,2-OH-JNM is currently the most efficient MOF-based photocatalyst in pure water for hydrogen production without any cocatalyst.Our work provides a new strategy for the development of noble-metal-free and co-catalyst-free MOF photocatalysts.展开更多
Spinal cord injury(SCI)often results in an inhibitory environment at the injury site.In our previous studies,transplantation of a scaffold combined with stem cells was proven to induce neural regeneration in animal mo...Spinal cord injury(SCI)often results in an inhibitory environment at the injury site.In our previous studies,transplantation of a scaffold combined with stem cells was proven to induce neural regeneration in animal models of complete SCI.Based on these preclinical studies,collagen scaffolds loaded with the patients’own bone marrow mononuclear cells or human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted into SCI patients.Fifteen patients with acute complete SCI and 51 patients with chronic complete SCI were enrolled and followed up for 2 to 5 years.No serious adverse events related to functional scaffold transplantation were observed.Among the patients with acute SCI,five patients achieved expansion of their sensory positions and six patients recovered sensation in the bowel or bladder.Additionally,four patients regained voluntary walking ability accompanied by reconnection of neural signal transduction.Among patients with chronic SCI,16 patients achieved expansion of their sensation level and 30 patients experienced enhanced reflexive defecation sensation or increased skin sweating below the injury site.Nearly half of the patients with chronic cervical SCI developed enhanced finger activity.These long-term follow-up results suggest that functional scaffold transplantation may represent a feasible treatment for patients with complete SCI.展开更多
The specific diagnosis and treatment of gliomas is a primary challenge in clinic due to their high invasiveness and blood-brain barrier(BBB)obstruction.It is highly desirable to find a multifunctional agent with good ...The specific diagnosis and treatment of gliomas is a primary challenge in clinic due to their high invasiveness and blood-brain barrier(BBB)obstruction.It is highly desirable to find a multifunctional agent with good BBB penetration for precise theranostics.Herein,we design and construct a core-shell structured nanotheranostic agent(YVO4:Nd3+-HMME@MnO2-LF,marked as YHM)with YVO4∶Nd3+ particles as the core and MnO2 nanosheets as the shell.Sonosensitizer hematoporphyrinmonomethyl ether(HMME)and lactoferrin(LF)were further loaded and modified on the surface,giving it a good ability to cross the BBB,near-infrared fluorescence imaging in the second window(NIR-Ⅱ)/magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)bimodality,and highly efficient sonodynamic therapy(SDT)of orthotopic gliomas.The YVO4:Nd3+(25%)core exhibited good NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence properties,enabling YHM to act as promising probes for NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence imaging of vessels and orthotopic gliomas.MnO2 shell can not only provide O2 in the tumor microenvironments(TME)to significantly improve the healing efficacy of SDT,but also release Mn2+ ions to achieve T1-weight MRI in situ.Non-invasive SDT can effectively restrain tumor growth.This work not only demonstrates that multifunctional YHM is promising for diagnosis and treatment of orthotopic glioma,but also provides insights into exploring the theranostic agents based on rare earth-doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles.展开更多
Because of the intrinsic defects of traditional treatment of cancer,it is quite needed to construct novel theranostic nanoagents that can not only improve the accuracy of imaging diagnosis but also achieve highly effi...Because of the intrinsic defects of traditional treatment of cancer,it is quite needed to construct novel theranostic nanoagents that can not only improve the accuracy of imaging diagnosis but also achieve highly efficient therapy of cancer.Herein,we fabricated polydopamine-functionalized ammonium holmium fluoride nanocomposites(AHF@PDA)for dual-modality bioimaging(magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and computed tomography(CT))owing to the high X-ray attenuation feature and magnetic property of Ho3+.Moreover,PDA shell endows AHF@PDA with excellent photothermal conversion performances and robust biocompatibility,leading to good treatment effect in vitro and in vivo.All above positive results certify that AHF@PDA have good potential as theranostic agents for clinical application in the future.展开更多
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory(JUNO)started physics data taking on 26 August 2025.JUNO consists of a 20-kton liquid scintillator central detector,surrounded by a 35 kton water pool serving as a Cherenko...The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory(JUNO)started physics data taking on 26 August 2025.JUNO consists of a 20-kton liquid scintillator central detector,surrounded by a 35 kton water pool serving as a Cherenkov veto,and almost 1000 m2 of plastic scintillator veto on top.The detector is located in a shallow underground laboratory with an overburden of 1800 m.w.e.This paper presents the performance results of the detector,extensively studied during the commissioning of the water phase,the subsequent liquid scintillator filling phase,and the first physics runs.The liquid scintillator achieved an attenuation length of 20.6 m at 430 nm,while the high coverage PMT system and scintillator together yielded about 1785 photoelectrons per MeV of energy deposit at the detector centre,measured using the 2.223 MeVγfrom neutron captures on hydrogen with an Am-C calibration source.The reconstructed energy resolution is 3.4%for two 0.511 MeVγat the detector centre and 2.9%for the 0.93 MeV quenched 214Po alpha decays from natural radioactive sources.The energy non-linearity is calibrated to better than 1%.Intrinsic contaminations of 238U and 232Th in the liquid scintillator are below 10-16 g/g,assuming secular equilibrium.The water Cherenkov detector achieves a muon detection efficiency better than 99.9%for muons traversing the liquid scintillator volume.During the initial science runs,the data acquisition duty cycle exceeded 97.8%,demonstrating the excellent stability and readiness of JUNO for high-precision neutrino physics.展开更多
Targeted protein degradation(TPD)holds significant therapeutic potential over conventional biologics.However,existing platforms are constrained by their reliance on host protein degradation machinery and limited durab...Targeted protein degradation(TPD)holds significant therapeutic potential over conventional biologics.However,existing platforms are constrained by their reliance on host protein degradation machinery and limited durability,rendering them inadequate for chronic diseases requiring sustained treatment.Here,we constructed a chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)incorporating the TNFR1 ectodomain as the antigen-binding domain(TNFR1T cells)and used CRISPR-mediated knockout of BCOR and ZC3H12A to generate persistent TNFR1T IF cells.TNF binding,endocytosis,and degradation were assessed in vitro by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence.Immunocompetent syngeneic,Tnf-/-,and hTNF-tg rheumatoid arthritis(RA)mice(n=4-9)were used in vivo to evaluate engraftment,persistence,and disease severity(clinical scoring and grip strength),with adalimumab(Humira,1 or 10 mg/kg)as a comparator.Safety was assessed by intravenous Listeria monocytogenes challenge(1×104 colony-forming units[CFU],n=6)and Thy1.1-based depletion(0.25 mg,n=3).We found that TNFR1T cells specifically bound,endocytosed,and degraded soluble TNF in vitro.Without lymphodepletion preconditioning,TNFR1T IF cells expanded and persisted for one year in immunocompetent mice.A single infusion into hTNF-tg mice reduced serum hTNF to near wild-type levels,preventing and treating all stages of RA with superior efficacy and durability than the repeated high-dose adalimumab.Antibacterial defense remained uncompromised,and anti-Thy1.1 antibody efficiently eliminated TNFR1T IF cells in vivo.This approach extends CAR-T cell targeting from cellular antigens to soluble extracellular proteins,establishing a host-machinery-independent,durable cellular-TPD platform for chronic inflammatory diseases.展开更多
基金financially supported by a Provincial Major Type Grant for Research and Development from the Department of Science&Technology of Shandong Province(Grant No.2020ZLYS08)an Innovation fund project for graduate student of China University of Petroleum(East China)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(25CX04016A)。
摘要The spatial distribution and structural characteristics of organic and inorganic pore networks are crucial for evaluating the storage capacity of medium-to low-maturity shale reservoirs.Based on scanning electron microscopy images of Shahejie Formation shales in the Dongying Sag,this study established an efficient,low cost,and reliable technical method for quantitatively analyzing the structural characteristics and geological control factors of organic and inorganic pores.Shales exhibit three main pore systems:(1)nanoscale intragranular pores in clay minerals,calcite,and pyrite;(2)nano-to micronscale pores between mineral particles and organic-inorganic interface pores;and(3)micron-to millimeter-scale microfractures at the laminar interface.The number and surface porosity of organic and inorganic pores are highly correlated with the content of shale components.Organic pores in shales mostly exist in the form of organic-inorganic interface pores,with an average pore size of 600-800 nm,providing the surface porosity of 14.9%,which has an important influence on the development of submicron(200-1000 nm)scale pores.The number of inorganic pores contributes 91.45%of the total number of pores and accounts for 85.1%of the total surface porosity.The influence of clay mineralrelated pores is the most significant in inorganic pores;it not only has a significant impact on the pores in the pore size range of 0-200 nm but also affects the development of micron-scale pores together with calcite.The fractal results show that the morphological complexity of inorganic pores is higher than that of organic pores.In addition,low-resolution images will greatly underestimate the contribution of nanoscale pores to the reservoir space.Therefore,the quantitative evaluation of dense porous media should comprehensively consider the weight of resolution and field of view.The results of this study provide important microstructural data for an in-depth understanding of the organic and inorganic pore structure characteristics of medium-and low-maturity shales,and for providing more accurate reservoir quality evaluation for shale resource exploration.
基金This work was supported by the financial aid from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51502284,21834007,21521092,21590794,and 21673220)the Program of Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province of China(No.20170101186JC)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB20030300)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2019232).
摘要In spite of the tumor microenvironments responsive cancer therapy based on Fenton reaction(i.e.,chemodynamic therapy,CDT)has been attracted more attentions in recent years,the limited Fenton reaction efficiency is the important obstacle to further application in clinic.Herein,we synthesized novel FeO/MoS2 nanocomposites modified by bovine serum albumin(FeO/MoS2-BSA)with boosted Fenton reaction efficiency by the synergistic effect of co-catalyze and photothermal effect of MoS2 nanosheets triggered by the second near-infrared(NIR II)light.In the tumor microenvironments,the MoS2 nanosheets not only can accelerate the conversion of Fe3+ions to Fe2+ions by Mo4+ions on their surface to improve Fenton reaction efficiency,but also endow FeO/MoS2-BSA with good photothermal performances for photothermal-enhanced CDT and photothermal therapy(PTT).Consequently,benefiting from the synergetic-enhanced CDT/PTT,the tumors are eradicated completely in vivo.This work provides innovative synergistic strategy for constructing nanocomposites for highly efficient CDT.
基金the CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine,No.2016-I2M-1-019National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31700154+4 种基金Major Science and Technology Special Project of Yunnan Province(Biomedicine),No.2018ZF006Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province-general program,No.2016FB034Science and Technology Innovation Team Project of Kunming,No.2016-2-R-07674the Project of National Nonprofit Scientific Institutes Basic Scientific Service Fee,No.2016ZX310179-4Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province,Key New Product Development,No.2014BC008
摘要AIM To establish a rotavirus(RV)-induced diarrhea model using RV SA11 in neonatal rhesus monkeys for the study of the pathogenic and immune mechanisms of RV infection and evaluation of candidate vaccines.METHODS Neonatal rhesus monkeys with an average age of 15-20 d and an average weight of 500 g ± 150 g received intragastric administration of varying doses of SA11 RV( 107 PFUs/mL, 106 PFUs/mL, or 105 PFUs/mL, 10 mL/animal) to determine whether the SA11 strain can effectively infect these animals by observing their clinical symptoms, fecal shedding of virus antigen by ELISA, distribution of RV antigen in the organs by immunofluorescence, variations of viral RNA load in the organs by qRT-PCR, histopathological changes in the small intestine by HE staining, and apoptosis of small intestinal epithelial cells by TUNEL assay.RESULTS The RV monkey model showed typical clinical diarrhea symptoms in the 108 PFUs SA11 group, where we observed diarrhea 1-4 d post infection(dpi) and viral antigen shed in the feces from 1-7 dpi. RV was found in jejunal epithelial cells. We observed a viral load of approximately 5.85 × 103 copies per 100 mg in the jejunum at 2 dpi, which was increased to 1.09 × 105 copies per 100 mg at 3 dpi. A relatively high viral load was also seen in mesenteric lymph nodes at 2 dpi and 3 dpi. The following histopathological changes were observed in the small intestine following intragastric administration of SA11 RV: vacuolization, edema, and atrophy. Apoptosis in the jejunal villus epithelium was also detectable at 3 dpi.CONCLUSION Our results indicate that we have successfully established a RV SA11 strain diarrhea model in neonatal rhesus monkeys. Future studies will elucidate the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of RV infection, and we will use the model to evaluate the protective effect of candidate vaccines.
基金Supported by the CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine,No.2016-I2M-1-019 and No.2016-I2M-3-026National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31700154+2 种基金Major Science and Technology Special Project of Yunnan Province(Biomedicine),No.2018ZF006Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province-general program,No.2016FB034The State Project for Essential Drug Research and Development,the national "Twelfth Five-Year" plan,No.2014ZX09102041004
摘要AIM To determine the distribution of rotavirus VP7 gene in hospitalized children in Yunnan, China. METHODS A total of 366 stool specimens were collected from hospitalized children in hospitals in Yunnan Province from September 2010 to December 2013. The genomic RNA electropherotypes and the G genotypes of the rotaviruses were determined. A phylogenetic analysis of the VP7 gene was performed. Rotavirus isolation was performed, and characterized by plaque, minimum essential medium, and all genes sequence analysis. Quantification of antibodies for inactivated vaccine prepared with ZTR-68 was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and microneutralization assay.RESULTS Group A human rotavirus was detected in 177 of 366(48.4%) stool samples using a colloidal gold device assay. The temporal distribution of rotavirus cases showed significant correlation with the mean air temperature. Rotaviruses were isolated from 13% of the rotavirus-positive samples. The predominant genotype was G1(43.5%), followed by G3(21.7%), G9(17.4%), G2(4.3%), G4(8.7%), and mixed(4.3%) among a total of 23 rotavirus isolates. A rotavirus strain was isolated from a rotavirus-positive stool sample of a 4-month-old child in The First People's Hospital of Zhaotong(2010) for use as a candidate human inactivated rotavirus vaccine strain and for further research, and was designated ZTR-68. The genotype of 11 gene segments of strain ZTR-68(RVA/Human-wt/CHN/ZTR-68/2010/G1P[8]) was characterized. The genotype constellation of strain ZTR-68 was identified as G1-P[8]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-H1. The VP7 and VP4 genotypes of strain ZTR-68 were similar to Wa-like strains.CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of the G1, G2, and G3 genotypes was detected from 2010 to 2012. However, a dominant prevalence of the G9 genotype was identified as the cause of gastroenteritis in children in Yunnan, China, in 2013. A candidate human inactivated rotavirus vaccine strain, designated ZTR-68 was isolated, characterized, and showed immunogenicity. Our data will be useful for the future formulation and development of a vaccine in China.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30170878 and 30571693).
摘要FcαR,the Fc receptor for IgA,is essential for IgA-mediated immune responses.Previous studies have shown that IgA and IgA immune complexes can be rapidly endocytosed by FcαR.However,the underlying mechanism remains unclear.Here,we investigated the endocytic pathway of FcαR in monocytic cell line,U937,that naturally express FcuR and in transfected Chinese hamster ovary(CHO),COS-7 and Hela cells.By using selective chemical inhibitors of different endocytic pathways,overexpression of dominant-negative mutants of Eps15 and knockdown of clathrin heavy chain(CHC)via RNA interference,we demonstrated that endocytosis of FcaR was through a clathrin-mediated pathway.The endocytosed FcαR went into Rab5-and Rabll-positive endosomes.However,endocytosis of FcaR could not be blocked by a dominant-negative mutant of Rab5.We also demonstrated that endocytosis of FcαR was dynamin-dependent by overexpressing a dominant-negative mutant of dynamin.The potential endocytic motif for FcαR was also examined.Unexpectedly,we found that the entire cytoplasmic domain of FcaR was not required for the endocytic process of FcαR.We conclude that endocytosis of FcaR is clathrin-and dynamin-dependent,but is not regulated by RabS,and the endocytic motif is not located in the cytoplasmic domain of FcαR.
摘要In today’s society, the incidence of cardiopulmonary diseases is increasing annually, seriously affecting patients’ quality of life. Therefore, developing a scientific and effective rehabilitation training program is of great significance. This study first analyzes the theoretical basis of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation training, including the effects of aerobic exercise, interval training, and strength training on cardiopulmonary function. Based on this, a comprehensive rehabilitation training program is designed, which includes personalized training plans, comprehensive interventions, multidisciplinary collaboration, patient education, and regular follow-up visits. The cardiopulmonary rehabilitation training plan developed in this study has certain scientific practicability, which provides a theoretical basis for cardiopulmonary rehabilitation training, and also provides a reference for medical institutions, rehabilitation centers and communities, which is helpful for promotion and application to a wider range of patients with cardiopulmonary diseases.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41972123,41922015)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020QD036).
摘要The occurrence characteristics of shale oil are of great significance to the movability of shale oil.In this study,the occurrence characteristics of oil in the shale matrix at Funing Formation shale in Subei Basin were quantitatively evaluated by organic geochemistry and microscopic pore structure characterization experiments.The Multiple Isothermal Stages Pyrolysis(MIS)experiment results show that the content of total oil,adsorbed oil,and free oil in the shales are 3.15-11.25 mg/g,1.41-4.95 mg/g,and 1.74-6.51 mg/g,respectively.among which the silicon-rich shale has the best oil-bearing.The relative content of free oil shows an increasing trend in pores with pore diameters greater than 3 nm.When the relative content of free oil reaches 100%,the pore size of silicon-rich shale is about 200 nm,while that of calcium-rich shale,clay-rich shale,and siliceous mixed shale is about 10 nm.The occurrence law of adsorbed oil is opposite to that of free oil,which indicates that shale oil will occur in the pores and fractures in a free state in a more extensive pore size range(>200 nm).This study also enables us to further understand the occurrence characteristics of shale oil under the interaction of occurrence state and occurrence space.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2020YFE0204500)the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0712102)+6 种基金the Basic Science Center Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22388101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22025506,22020102003,U23A20581,52272169,22393932,52402352,and 52022094)the Program of Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province of China(20230508071RC)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y2023067)the Program of Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province of China(YDZJ202501ZYTS756,YDZJ202501ZYTS729,and 20240601024RC)the Science and Technology Research Project of Jilin Provincial Department of Education(JJKH20250179KJ)the Doctor of Excellence Program(DEP)from The First Hospital of Jilin University(JDYY-DEP-2023004)。
摘要The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)of gliomas makes their treatment consistently suboptimal,and the aberrant energy metabolism of glioma cells orchestrates tumorigenesis and the immunosuppressive TME.In this work,we construct a biodegradable nano-modulator(ZIF-90@MnO2@GPNA,ZMG)based on ZIF-90 decorated by MnO2and loaded with glutamine transport antagonist(L-γ-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide,GPNA)for efficiently gliomas therapy by multi-pathways inhibition of energy metabolism and reshaping TME.In order to efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier(BBB)and target the gliomas,hyaluronic acid(HA)and lactoferrin(Lf)are further functionalized on its surface(ZIF-90@MnO2@GPNA@HA-Lf,ZMGH-Lf).ZMGHLf biodegrades in response to stimulation of TME,releasing Mn2+,which can catalyze H2O2to·OH and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction.ZMGH-Lf can inhibit glycolysis by alleviating hypoxia and reducing NAD+expression,while loaded GPNA inhibits the compensatory increase in glutamine uptake.This therapeutic strategy not only achieves a multipathway disruption of glioma metabolism,but also relieves the immune resistance and improves the immune TME.All these findings demonstrate that ZMGH-Lf can effectively inhibit gliomas by multi-ways manipulation of energy metabolism and immunotherapy,which provides a new strategy for the treatment of gliomas.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No.2007CB607504the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.50572052
摘要Lanthanum ferrites ceramics La0.9A0.1FeO3(A=Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba)have been prepared by solid state reaction.X-ray power diffraction analysis reveals that all samples are of pure perovskite structure with orthorhombic phase.Electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient have been measured in vacuum within the temperature range between room temperature and 800℃.The electrical conductivity shows semiconducting behavior.Temperature dependence of electrical conductivity indicates that adiabatic small-polaron hopping mechanism is dominant for their electric transportations.Seebeck coefficients are positive for samples,suggesting ptype conduction in the whole temperature range.The highest Seebeck coefficient is found to be 654μV/K for La0.9A0.1FeO3.Except La0.9A0.1FeO3,the electrical conductivity of La0.9A0.1FeO3 increases with increasing atomic number of the A-site element,while Seebeck coefficient decreases.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.81872805,82073771,82104085)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Project No.2020A1515110147,2021A1515011418,2021A1515012025)。
摘要Acute liver failure(ALF)is a mortal and critical hepatic disease,in which oxidative stress,inflammation storm and hepatocyte death are crucial in the pathogenesis.Hence,in contrast to the control of a single link,a combination therapy targeting multiple pathogenic links of the disease will be a favorable means to control the progression of the disease.In this study,we constructed dimethyl itaconate-loaded liposomes modified with dodecyl gallate as a cocktail activator to investigate its functional role in acetaminophen(APAP)-induced ALF.Our results demonstrated that the cocktail activator acted on hepatocytes and triggered cocktail efficacy,thereby simultaneously attenuating APAP-induced hepatocyte damage and remodeling the damage microenvironment.The cocktail activator could effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species,inhibit excessive inflammatory responses and reduce cell death in impaired hepatocytes for detoxification.More importantly,the cocktail activator could remodel the damage microenvironment,thus further promoting hepatocyte expansion and specifically switching macrophages from the M1 to M2 phenotype for a favorable liver regeneration of ALF.Furthermore,in APAP-induced ALF mouse model,the cocktail activator improved liver function,alleviated histopathological damage and increased survival rate.In summary,these findings indicate that the cocktail activator may provide a promising therapeutic approach for ALF treatment as a nanomedicine.
摘要Objective: To explore the effect of lower limb rehabilitation robot combined with task-oriented training on stroke patients and its influence on KFAROM score. Methods: 100 stroke patients with hemiplegia admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to December 2023 were randomly divided into two groups, the control group (50 cases) was given task-oriented training assisted by nurses, and the observation group (50 cases) was given lower limb rehabilitation robot with task-oriented training. Lower limb balance, lower limb muscle strength, motor function, ankle function, knee flexion range of motion and walking ability were observed. Results: After treatment, the scores of BBS, quadriceps femoris and hamstrings in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P Conclusion: In the clinical treatment of stroke patients, the combination of task-oriented training and lower limb rehabilitation robot can effectively improve the lower limb muscle strength, facilitate the recovery of balance function, and have a significant effect on the recovery of motor function, which can improve the walking ability of stroke patients and the range of motion of knee flexion, and achieve more ideal therapeutic effectiveness.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51273043,51573024 and 81550008)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and DHU Distinguished Young Professor Program
摘要Bacterial cellulose/lotus root starch(BC/LRS) composites were prepared by cultivating Acetobacter xylinum in nutrient media containing gelatinized lotus root starch. Low concentrations of gelatinized LRS had increased BC production with the maximum value at 6.67 g/L when 5 g/L of LRS was added in the culture media and the composites had thicker and denser fibrils compared with those of BC with low concentrations of LRS(2.5 and 5 g/L). When the concentration of LRS was increased above 7.5 g/L, the morphology of the BC/LRS composites contained more fibril layers that were linked with LRS. The results from X-ray diffraction(XRD) demonstrated that there was no significant difference in structure between BC and BC/LRS composites except a slight increase in crystallinity for BC/LRS composites as the concentration of LRS was lifted up. The tensile tests were performed to display BC/LRS composites prepared with LRS concentration at 2.5 and 5 g/L in media had the tensile strength of 54 and 60 MPa, respectively, which indicated an improvement in mechanical property compared to the unmodified BC(45 MPa). Live/dead assay with chondrocytes seeded on BC/LRS composite revealed higher cell viability ranging from 85% to 90% than BC. Furthermore, cell morphology with typical spindle shape was observed on the surfaces of BC/LRS composite by confocal microscope. Through the overall results, it shows that this study has provided a guidance to prepare BC/LRS composites with better cell biocompatibility and higher mechanical strength than those of BC for the potential use in cartilage tissue engineering.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61501247,61373131 and 61702277,the Six Talent Peaks Project of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.2015-XXRJ-013)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20171458)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(China under Grant No.16KJB520030)the NUIST Research Foundation for Talented Scholars under Grant Nos.2015r014,PAPD and CICAEET fundsfunded in part by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(File No.SKL-IOTSC-2018-2020,0018/2019/AKP,0008/2019/AGJ,and FDCT/194/2017/A3)in part by the University of Macao under Grant Nos.MYRG2018-00248-FST and MYRG2019-0137-FST.
摘要Security and privacy issues have attracted the attention of researchers in the field of IoT as the information processing scale grows in sensor networks.Quantum computing,theoretically known as an absolutely secure way to store and transmit information as well as a speed-up way to accelerate local or distributed classical algorithms that are hard to solve with polynomial complexity in computation or communication.In this paper,we focus on the phase estimation method that is crucial to the realization of a general multi-party computing model,which is able to be accelerated by quantum algorithms.A novel multi-party phase estimation algorithm and the related quantum circuit are proposed by using a distributed Oracle operator with iterations.The proved theoretical communication complexity of this algorithm shows it can give the phase estimation before applying multi-party computing efficiently without increasing any additional complexity.Moreover,a practical problem of multi-party dating investigated shows it can make a successful estimation of the number of solution in advance with zero communication complexity by utilizing its special statistic feature.Sufficient simulations present the correctness,validity and efficiency of the proposed estimation method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6140224161572260+3 种基金613730176157226161472192)the Scientific&Technological Support Project of Jiangsu Province(BE2015702)
摘要In the open network environment, malicious attacks to the trust model have become increasingly serious. Compared with single node attacks, collusion attacks do more harm to the trust model. To solve this problem, a collusion detector based on the GN algorithm for the trust evaluation model is proposed in the open Internet environment. By analyzing the behavioral characteristics of collusion groups, the concept of flatting is defined and the G-N community mining algorithm is used to divide suspicious communities. On this basis, a collusion community detector method is proposed based on the breaking strength of suspicious communities. Simulation results show that the model has high recognition accuracy in identifying collusion nodes, so as to effectively defend against malicious attacks of collusion nodes.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92461309,22431006)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Research(2019B030302009)+3 种基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22371091)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515010897)support from the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZC20240598)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M751118)。
摘要Development of novel metal-organic framework(MOF)based photocatalysts for highly efficient hydrogen production from water or even seawater in the absence of noble metal as cocatalysts or photosensitizers,is highly demand yet remains a significant challenge.Herein,we have synthesized four MOFs,namely n-OH-JNM(n=0,1,2,and 3),composed of copper-based cyclic trinuclear units(Cu-CTUs)and organic linkers with different numbers of-OH groups.By regulating the number of-OH groups,the optical properties,including light adsorption ability,band gap and charge separation efficiency,can be modulated,resulting in the dramatic improvement of photocatalytic hydrogen production rate.Specifically,in the absence of co-catalysts,2-OH-JNM can achieve a high hydrogen production rate of 4.07 and 1.49 mmol g-1h-1in pure water and natural seawater,respectively,while the other three JNMs cannot produce hydrogen under the same conditions.To the best of our knowledge,2-OH-JNM is currently the most efficient MOF-based photocatalyst in pure water for hydrogen production without any cocatalyst.Our work provides a new strategy for the development of noble-metal-free and co-catalyst-free MOF photocatalysts.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81891000)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC1101504 and2016YFC1101505)。
摘要Spinal cord injury(SCI)often results in an inhibitory environment at the injury site.In our previous studies,transplantation of a scaffold combined with stem cells was proven to induce neural regeneration in animal models of complete SCI.Based on these preclinical studies,collagen scaffolds loaded with the patients’own bone marrow mononuclear cells or human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted into SCI patients.Fifteen patients with acute complete SCI and 51 patients with chronic complete SCI were enrolled and followed up for 2 to 5 years.No serious adverse events related to functional scaffold transplantation were observed.Among the patients with acute SCI,five patients achieved expansion of their sensory positions and six patients recovered sensation in the bowel or bladder.Additionally,four patients regained voluntary walking ability accompanied by reconnection of neural signal transduction.Among patients with chronic SCI,16 patients achieved expansion of their sensation level and 30 patients experienced enhanced reflexive defecation sensation or increased skin sweating below the injury site.Nearly half of the patients with chronic cervical SCI developed enhanced finger activity.These long-term follow-up results suggest that functional scaffold transplantation may represent a feasible treatment for patients with complete SCI.
基金This work was supported by the financial aid from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22020102003,52022094,21834007,51502284,5207214,and 21673220)the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0712102)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant 2019232).
摘要The specific diagnosis and treatment of gliomas is a primary challenge in clinic due to their high invasiveness and blood-brain barrier(BBB)obstruction.It is highly desirable to find a multifunctional agent with good BBB penetration for precise theranostics.Herein,we design and construct a core-shell structured nanotheranostic agent(YVO4:Nd3+-HMME@MnO2-LF,marked as YHM)with YVO4∶Nd3+ particles as the core and MnO2 nanosheets as the shell.Sonosensitizer hematoporphyrinmonomethyl ether(HMME)and lactoferrin(LF)were further loaded and modified on the surface,giving it a good ability to cross the BBB,near-infrared fluorescence imaging in the second window(NIR-Ⅱ)/magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)bimodality,and highly efficient sonodynamic therapy(SDT)of orthotopic gliomas.The YVO4:Nd3+(25%)core exhibited good NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence properties,enabling YHM to act as promising probes for NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence imaging of vessels and orthotopic gliomas.MnO2 shell can not only provide O2 in the tumor microenvironments(TME)to significantly improve the healing efficacy of SDT,but also release Mn2+ ions to achieve T1-weight MRI in situ.Non-invasive SDT can effectively restrain tumor growth.This work not only demonstrates that multifunctional YHM is promising for diagnosis and treatment of orthotopic glioma,but also provides insights into exploring the theranostic agents based on rare earth-doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51502284,21834007,21521092,21590794,52022094,21673220)the Program of Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province of China(20170101186JC)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB20030300)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2019232)。
摘要Because of the intrinsic defects of traditional treatment of cancer,it is quite needed to construct novel theranostic nanoagents that can not only improve the accuracy of imaging diagnosis but also achieve highly efficient therapy of cancer.Herein,we fabricated polydopamine-functionalized ammonium holmium fluoride nanocomposites(AHF@PDA)for dual-modality bioimaging(magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and computed tomography(CT))owing to the high X-ray attenuation feature and magnetic property of Ho3+.Moreover,PDA shell endows AHF@PDA with excellent photothermal conversion performances and robust biocompatibility,leading to good treatment effect in vitro and in vivo.All above positive results certify that AHF@PDA have good potential as theranostic agents for clinical application in the future.
摘要The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory(JUNO)started physics data taking on 26 August 2025.JUNO consists of a 20-kton liquid scintillator central detector,surrounded by a 35 kton water pool serving as a Cherenkov veto,and almost 1000 m2 of plastic scintillator veto on top.The detector is located in a shallow underground laboratory with an overburden of 1800 m.w.e.This paper presents the performance results of the detector,extensively studied during the commissioning of the water phase,the subsequent liquid scintillator filling phase,and the first physics runs.The liquid scintillator achieved an attenuation length of 20.6 m at 430 nm,while the high coverage PMT system and scintillator together yielded about 1785 photoelectrons per MeV of energy deposit at the detector centre,measured using the 2.223 MeVγfrom neutron captures on hydrogen with an Am-C calibration source.The reconstructed energy resolution is 3.4%for two 0.511 MeVγat the detector centre and 2.9%for the 0.93 MeV quenched 214Po alpha decays from natural radioactive sources.The energy non-linearity is calibrated to better than 1%.Intrinsic contaminations of 238U and 232Th in the liquid scintillator are below 10-16 g/g,assuming secular equilibrium.The water Cherenkov detector achieves a muon detection efficiency better than 99.9%for muons traversing the liquid scintillator volume.During the initial science runs,the data acquisition duty cycle exceeded 97.8%,demonstrating the excellent stability and readiness of JUNO for high-precision neutrino physics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers T2495270 and 82350108 to M.P.)Tsinghua University DUSHI Program(grant number 52302102323 to M.P.)Dr.M.P.’s time during this work was supported by Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences and SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine.
摘要Targeted protein degradation(TPD)holds significant therapeutic potential over conventional biologics.However,existing platforms are constrained by their reliance on host protein degradation machinery and limited durability,rendering them inadequate for chronic diseases requiring sustained treatment.Here,we constructed a chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)incorporating the TNFR1 ectodomain as the antigen-binding domain(TNFR1T cells)and used CRISPR-mediated knockout of BCOR and ZC3H12A to generate persistent TNFR1T IF cells.TNF binding,endocytosis,and degradation were assessed in vitro by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence.Immunocompetent syngeneic,Tnf-/-,and hTNF-tg rheumatoid arthritis(RA)mice(n=4-9)were used in vivo to evaluate engraftment,persistence,and disease severity(clinical scoring and grip strength),with adalimumab(Humira,1 or 10 mg/kg)as a comparator.Safety was assessed by intravenous Listeria monocytogenes challenge(1×104 colony-forming units[CFU],n=6)and Thy1.1-based depletion(0.25 mg,n=3).We found that TNFR1T cells specifically bound,endocytosed,and degraded soluble TNF in vitro.Without lymphodepletion preconditioning,TNFR1T IF cells expanded and persisted for one year in immunocompetent mice.A single infusion into hTNF-tg mice reduced serum hTNF to near wild-type levels,preventing and treating all stages of RA with superior efficacy and durability than the repeated high-dose adalimumab.Antibacterial defense remained uncompromised,and anti-Thy1.1 antibody efficiently eliminated TNFR1T IF cells in vivo.This approach extends CAR-T cell targeting from cellular antigens to soluble extracellular proteins,establishing a host-machinery-independent,durable cellular-TPD platform for chronic inflammatory diseases.