Herein,we describe a case of robotic duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection(DPPHR)performed on a 21-monthold male infant(weight:13 kg;body mass index:18.87 kg/m2)with focal nesidioblastosis,expanding the sco...Herein,we describe a case of robotic duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection(DPPHR)performed on a 21-monthold male infant(weight:13 kg;body mass index:18.87 kg/m2)with focal nesidioblastosis,expanding the scope of minimally invasive pediatric hepatobiliary surgery(Fig.1;Video S1).Preoperative positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed a 23×13 mm neuroendocrine lesion in the pancreatic head,which caused refractory hypoglycemia and necessitated surgical intervention.展开更多
The spin field-effect transistor(SFET)based on ferroelectric Rashba semiconductor(FRS)has a shorter channel length than ordinary transistors,making it an important type of future transistor.Through high-throughput inv...The spin field-effect transistor(SFET)based on ferroelectric Rashba semiconductor(FRS)has a shorter channel length than ordinary transistors,making it an important type of future transistor.Through high-throughput inverse design,AlBi and SiPb monolayers are considered to be very promising FRSs due to their prominent Rashba effect,the thinnest atomic structure,and surmountable energy barriers.Herein,we employ first-principles calculations to systematically investigate the modulation of Rashba effect,electric field response,and ferroelectricity in AlBi and SiPb monolayers.The large Rashba coefficients of 2.717 and 2.606 eV·Åare obtained for AlBi and SiPb monolayers,while they can be efficiently modulated by the external electric field and strain engineering.The electric field response of AlBi oscillates around 0.5 e·Å2and that of SiPb can reach 0.78 e·Å2,which can fully meet the requirements of practical applications.Furthermore,as typical two-dimensional ferroelectric materials,the coupling effect between ferroelectric polarization and spin polarization is also explored.Based on these investigations,we design two types of SFET with AlBi or SiPb monolayer as the channel.The SFET designed solely based on the electric field response without considering the ferroelectricity,has a channel length ranging from 70 nm to 100 nm.The SFET designed based on the ferroelectricity can reduce the channel length to below 2 nm,which is quite below the tolerance of coherent transport in semiconductors.Thus,two-dimensional(2D)FRS can be considered as a promising candidate material for the next generation of SFETs.展开更多
The e nergy transfer(ET) between f-f transition is achieved by rare earth ions(RE3+) doped grain boundaries of transpare nt ceramics,which e nhances the fluorescence thermometry performance and enables multiple flu...The e nergy transfer(ET) between f-f transition is achieved by rare earth ions(RE3+) doped grain boundaries of transpare nt ceramics,which e nhances the fluorescence thermometry performance and enables multiple fluorescence thermometry modes of transparent ceramics.In this work,MgAlON:Dy3+transparent ceramics were prepared and segregation of Dy3+ in grain boundaries was realized.With excellent absolute and relative se nsitivities(2.447 μs/K and 2.09%/K),the fluorescence lifetime(FL)signals of MgAlON:Dy3+ excee ds most of RE3+ doped phosphors.The ET between closely segregated Dy3+in grain boundaries modifies the distribution of electron on 4I15/2 level,and induces temperaturedependent FL to the phosphors.This work reveals the influence of grain boundary segregation on ET between Dy3+ for improving the fluorescence thermometry performance of phosphors.展开更多
In recent years,heterogeneous manganese catalysis has emerged as a significant area of research in catalytic chemistry,leveraging manganese-based materials to facilitate a wide range of chemical transformations.This r...In recent years,heterogeneous manganese catalysis has emerged as a significant area of research in catalytic chemistry,leveraging manganese-based materials to facilitate a wide range of chemical transformations.This review explores the fundamental principles,recent advances,applications,and prospects of heterogeneous manganese catalysis in organic synthesis.These catalysts are widely employed in C-C bond formation,C-N bond formation,C-O bond formation,oxidation.Despite this,manganese catalysts have not received as much attention as other metals,such as iron and cobalt,often resulting in their excellent catalytic activity being overlooked.This review focuses on the mechanisms and capabilities of heterogeneous manganese catalysts in various aspects of organic synthesis,highlighting the latest research advancements.展开更多
X-ray detectors,as crucial elements in medical imaging and industrial fields,can be categorized into direct and indirect types.Direct detectors,which directly convert X-ray photons into electrical signals,exhibit high...X-ray detectors,as crucial elements in medical imaging and industrial fields,can be categorized into direct and indirect types.Direct detectors,which directly convert X-ray photons into electrical signals,exhibit high sensitivity and low detection limits,enabling the capture of high-resolution images and reducing radiation exposure to patients.Organic copper halides,recognized as potential active materials for X-ray detection,have been widely explored in the indirect scintillation field but remain under-explored in direct X-ray detector applications.In this work,(C12H12N)3Cu3I6is demonstrated as an efficient semiconductor for direct X-ray detection with excellent stability.A lateral-structured X-ray detector was fabricated with gold electrodes,which exhibits a maximum sensitivity of 1464.14μC·Gy-1·cm-2,a lowest detection limit of 19.8 nGy·s-1,a high on-off ratio of 2140,and an excellent operational stability of retaining 96%performance after 600 s continuous X-ray radiation.Furthermore,the detector successfully imaged a 0.1 mm“F”-shaped lead sheet,validating its capacity for X-ray imaging.This study highlights the potential of(C12H12N)3Cu3I6as a promising semiconductor for high-performance direct X-ray detection,expanding the application scope of organic copper halides in this critical field.展开更多
Early-stage gastric cancer;Extent of lymph node dissection;D1 dissection;D2 dissection;Recurrence rate;Survival rateObjective:To investigate the impact of different lymph node dissection scopes on postoperative recurr...Early-stage gastric cancer;Extent of lymph node dissection;D1 dissection;D2 dissection;Recurrence rate;Survival rateObjective:To investigate the impact of different lymph node dissection scopes on postoperative recurrence and survival rates in patients with early gastric cancer,providing evidence-based support for optimizing clinical surgical plans.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 100 patients with early gastric cancer who underwent surgical treatment at our hospital from October 2021 to October 2023.Patients were divided into Group D1(n=50)and Group D2(n=50)based on the extent of lymph node dissection.Group D1 underwent limited lymph node dissection(dissection of the first station of lymph nodes around the stomach),while Group D2 underwent standard lymph node dissection(dissection of the first and second stations of lymph nodes around the stomach).Surgical-related indicators,the incidence of postoperative complications,the 2-year recurrence rate,and the 2-year survival rate were compared between the two groups of patients.Results:The operative time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,and the number of lymph nodes dissected were significantly higher in the D2 group than in the D1 group(all P<0.001).The overall incidence of postoperative complications was higher in the D1 group than in the D2 group,but the difference was not statistically significant(χ2=0.884,P=0.766).After a 2-year follow-up,the recurrence rate was significantly higher in the D1 group than in the D2 group(χ2=4.000,P=0.046).The 2-year survival rate was significantly lower in the D1 group than in the D2 group(χ2=5.005,P=0.025).A total of 100 patients with early-stage gastric cancer were grouped according to the depth of invasion,degree of differentiation,and lymph node metastasis status,and the recurrence rates of different subgroups were compared.The results showed that the recurrence rate was higher in patients with T1b stage than in those with T1a stage(χ2=5.005,P=0.025),higher in poorly differentiated patients than in moderately and well-differentiated patients(χ2=4.155,P=0.042),and higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without lymph node metastasis(χ2=4.512,P=0.034).Conclusion:Compared with D1 limited lymph node dissection,D2 standard lymph node dissection can significantly reduce the postoperative recurrence rate and improve the 2-year survival rate in patients with early-stage gastric cancer without significantly increasing the risk of postoperative complications.Although the surgical trauma is slightly greater,the overall prognosis is better,making it a preferred surgical treatment option for patients with early-stage gastric cancer.展开更多
Objective:To explore the mechanism of action of intestinal dysbiosis in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer and analyze its potential for clinical intervention.Methods:Eighty patients with gastric cancer ...Objective:To explore the mechanism of action of intestinal dysbiosis in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer and analyze its potential for clinical intervention.Methods:Eighty patients with gastric cancer admitted to our hospital from January 2024 to November 2025 were selected as the study group,and another 40 healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group.The fecal bacterial and fungal culture method was employed to quantify the primary intestinal flora,including Bifidobacteria,Lactobacilli,Escherichia coli,Enterococci,and Bacteroides,in both groups of study subjects,and the bacilli-to-cocci ratio was calculated.Additionally,serum levels of inflammatory cytokines(IL-6,TNF-α)and immune-related factors(PD-L1,IL-10)were measured.Gastric cancer patients were randomly divided into an intervention group(40 cases)and an observation group(40 cases).The observation group received a conventional chemotherapy regimen,while the intervention group received probiotic intervention in addition to chemotherapy.The incidence of chemotherapy-related adverse reactions and changes in intestinal flora were compared between the two groups.Results:The quantities of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli,as well as the bacilli-to-cocci ratio,were significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group,whereas the quantities of Escherichia coli and Enterococci were significantly higher,with all differences being statistically significant(all P<0.001).Serum levels of IL-6,TNF-α,PD-L1,and IL-10 were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.01).After intervention,the quantities of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli,as well as the bacilli-to-cocci ratio,were significantly lower in the observation group than before intervention,while the quantities of Escherichia coli and Enterococci were significantly higher(all P<0.01).Serum levels of IL-6,TNF-α,PD-L1,and IL-10 in the study group remained significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01).In the intervention group,the quantities of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli,as well as the bacilli-to-cocci ratio,were significantly higher after intervention than before,while the quantities of Escherichia coli and Enterococci were significantly lower(all P<0.001).Furthermore,after intervention,the quantities of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli,as well as the bacilli-to-cocci ratio,were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the observation group,while the quantities of Escherichia coli and Enterococci were significantly lower(all P<0.01).The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the observation group(P<0.001).Conclusion:Dysbiosis of intestinal flora may promote the occurrence and development of gastric cancer through mechanisms such as inducing chronic inflammation and inhibiting anti-tumor immunity;probiotic intervention can effectively regulate the balance of intestinal flora in gastric cancer patients,reduce adverse reactions to chemotherapy,and hold significant potential for clinical intervention.展开更多
Objective:To explore the application effect of the stratified teaching model in multidisciplinary team(MDT)teaching for gastric cancer,providing practical evidence for improving the quality of medical talent training ...Objective:To explore the application effect of the stratified teaching model in multidisciplinary team(MDT)teaching for gastric cancer,providing practical evidence for improving the quality of medical talent training in gastric cancer MDT diagnosis and treatment capabilities.Methods:Sixty learners who participated in gastric cancer MDT teaching at our hospital from July 2024 to July 2025 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into an observation group(n=30)and a control group(n=30)using a random number table method.The control group adopted the traditional“one-size-fits-all”teaching model,while the observation group employed a stratified teaching model.Students in the observation group were divided into basic,intermediate,and advanced levels based on their foundational knowledge and learning abilities,with differentiated teaching objectives,content,and evaluation systems implemented accordingly.The theoretical assessment scores,clinical skill operation scores,MDT case discussion ability ratings,and teaching satisfaction of students in both groups were compared after instruction.Results:After the teaching period,students in the observation group scored significantly higher than those in the control group in theoretical assessments,clinical skill operations,and MDT case discussion ability(P<0.001).Teaching satisfaction was also significantly higher in the observation group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Within the observation group,advanced-level students scored significantly higher than intermediate-and basic-level students in theoretical assessments,clinical skill operations,and MDT case discussion ability,while intermediate-level students outperformed basic-level students in all areas(all P<0.001).Conclusion:The stratified teaching model effectively enhances the quality of MDT teaching for gastric cancer,improving students’theoretical knowledge,clinical skills,and MDT case discussion abilities,as well as increasing teaching satisfaction.It is worthy of promotion and application in medical education.展开更多
The Zn-Al spinel oxide stands out as one of the most active catalysts for high-temperature methanol synthesis from CO2hydrogenation.However,the structure–activity relationship of the reaction remains poorly unders...The Zn-Al spinel oxide stands out as one of the most active catalysts for high-temperature methanol synthesis from CO2hydrogenation.However,the structure–activity relationship of the reaction remains poorly understood due to challenges in atomic-level structural characterizations and analysis of reaction intermediates.In this study,we prepared two Zn-Al spinel oxide catalysts via coprecipitation(ZnAl-C)and hydrothermal(ZnAl-H)methods,and conducted a comparative investigation in the CO2hydrogenation reaction.Surprisingly,under similar conditions,ZnAl-C exhibited significantly higher selectivity towards methanol and DME compared to ZnAl-H.Comprehensive characterizations using X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)unveiled that ZnAl-C catalyst had abundant ZnO species on its surface,and the interaction between the ZnO species and its ZnAl spinel oxide matrix led to the formation of oxygen vacancies,which are crucial for CO2adsorption and activation.Additionally,state-of-the-art solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)techniques,including ex-situ and in-situ NMR analyses,confirmed that the surface ZnO facilitates the formation of unique highly reactive interfacial formate species,which was readily hydrogenated to methanol and DME.These insights elucidate the promotion effects of ZnO on the ZnAl spinel oxide in regulating active sites and reactive intermediates for CO2-to-methanol hydrogenation reaction,which is further evidenced by the significant enhancement in methanol and DME selectivity observed upon loading ZnO onto the ZnAl-H catalyst.These molecular-level mechanism understandings reinforce the idea of optimizing the ZnO-ZnAl interface through tailored synthesis methods to achieve activity-selectivity balance.展开更多
As a highly reactive reaction intermediate,surface gallium hydride(Ga–H)has garnered significant attention due to its critical role in various catalytic reactions.However,the detailed experimental characterization of...As a highly reactive reaction intermediate,surface gallium hydride(Ga–H)has garnered significant attention due to its critical role in various catalytic reactions.However,the detailed experimental characterization of this unique species remains challenging.Recently,we have demonstrated that solid-state NMR can be an effective tool for studying surface Ga–H.In this work,we report a comparative solid-state NMR study on H2 activation over different Ga2O3 polymorphs,specificallyα-,β-andγ-Ga2O3.1H solid-state NMR enabled the identification of Ga–H species formed on all the three samples following high-temperature H2 treatment.The characteristic 1H NMR signals of Ga–H species are resolved using J-coupling-based double-resonance NMR methods,revealing highly similar lineshapes of Ga–H for all the Ga2O3 samples.This suggests potentially similar surface Ga–H configurations among different Ga2O3 polymorphs.In addition,the local hydrogen environments on the oxide surfaces are further explored using two-dimensional(2D)1H–1H homonuclear correlation spectra,revealing multiple spatially proximate Ga–H and Ga–H/–OH pairs on different Ga2O3 polymorphs.These findings provide insights into the potential mechanism of H2 dissociation.Overall,this work offers new perspectives on the local structure of surface Ga–H on Ga2O3,and the analytical approach presented here can be further extended to the study of other Ga-based catalysts and other metal hydride species.展开更多
Silicoaluminophosphate(SAPO)molecular sieves possess diverse architectures and exceptional high-temperature hydrothermal stability,rendering them important acid catalysts.However,enhancing acid concentration of certai...Silicoaluminophosphate(SAPO)molecular sieves possess diverse architectures and exceptional high-temperature hydrothermal stability,rendering them important acid catalysts.However,enhancing acid concentration of certain SAPO materials remains challenging,which limits their catalytic applications.Here,we report the synthesis of a series of SAPO materials using a developed SAPO precursor plus dual template(SPDT)strategy.A variety of SAPO materials characterized by high silica content and enhanced acidity,such as SAPO-34/56 intergrowths,SAPO-56,and SAPO-17,have been synthesized and thoroughly characterized using various techniques including integrated differential phase-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy,two-dimensional solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,and continuous rotation electron diffraction.The use of silica-enriched SAPO precursor combined with the flexible selection of the second template enables the crystalline phase regulation and improves the Si atoms incorporation into the framework.Notably,the synthesized SAPO-17 with abundant Si(4Al)species and unprecedentedly high acid density exhibits exceptional DeNOxactivity after Cu loading,with NOxconversion exceeding 90%at 175–700℃.This outstanding performance can be attributed to the unique ERI structure and the increased acidity of SAPO-17.This work not only presents an effective method for synthesizing SAPO molecular sieves with enhanced acidity but also offers a new perspective for expanding the active temperature range of the ammonia selective catalytic reduction reaction.展开更多
Metal hydrides (MeH) on solid surfaces, i.e., surface MeH, are ubiquitous but criticalspecies in heterogeneous catalysis, and their intermediate roles have been proposed innumerous reactions such as (de)hydrogenation ...Metal hydrides (MeH) on solid surfaces, i.e., surface MeH, are ubiquitous but criticalspecies in heterogeneous catalysis, and their intermediate roles have been proposed innumerous reactions such as (de)hydrogenation and alkanes activation, etc., however, thedetailed spectroscopic characterizations remain challenging. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy has become a powerful tool in surface studies, asit provides access to local structural characterizations at atomic level from multipleviews, with comprehensive information on chemical bonding and spatial structures. Inthis review, we summarized and discussed the latest research developments on thesuccessful application of ssNMR to characterize surface MeH species on solid catalystsincluding supported single-site heterogeneous catalysts, bulk metal oxides and metalmodified zeolites. We also discussed the opportunities and challenges in this field, aswell as the potential application/development of state-of-the-art ssNMR technologies toenable further exploration of metal hydrides in heterogeneous catalysis.展开更多
Objective:Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury is associated with a significant reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP,ΔΨm).Fluorescence-based assays are effective for labelling active mitochond...Objective:Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury is associated with a significant reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP,ΔΨm).Fluorescence-based assays are effective for labelling active mitochondria in living cells;their application in heart tissue,however,represents a challenge because of a low yield of viable cardiomyocytes after cardiac perfusion.This study aimed to examine a novel method for detecting the changes in the MMP of mouse heart tissue following I/R injury.Methods:The I/R model was established,which was characterized by distinct ischemic area and apoptosis in heart tissue.The MMP was detected via a confocal microscope after the ascending aorta was clamped and the mitochondrial probe solution(containing Mito-Tracker Deep Red FM)was perfused from the apex via a peristaltic pump.Results:This method enabled the distribution of the probe solution throughout the cardiac tissue via the coronary circulation.Fluorescence detection revealed that the MMP was profoundly reduced in both ischemic area and border area following I/R when compared with that in the sham group.There was no obvious difference in the MMP of the remote area between the I/R group and the sham group.Conclusion:This study presents a novel method for detecting the MMP in heart tissue,and this method will facilitate the evaluation of changes in the MMP in different regions following I/R.展开更多
Direct catalytic transformation of syngas(CO/H2) into high value-added hydrocarbons has been one of the most attractive,yet challenging issues in C1 chemistry. In recent years, the concept of oxide-zeolite(OXZEO) b...Direct catalytic transformation of syngas(CO/H2) into high value-added hydrocarbons has been one of the most attractive,yet challenging issues in C1 chemistry. In recent years, the concept of oxide-zeolite(OXZEO) bifunctional catalysis has emerged and spurred renewed enthusiasm in this field [1,2]. This method describes the use of selected oxide-zeolite-based composite catalysts for the direct syngas-to-hydrocarbons conversion.展开更多
Dear Editor, Lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE) is a type of sexual dysfunction in males and has three characteristics: (1) an intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) of 〈 1 rain; (2) insufficient con...Dear Editor, Lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE) is a type of sexual dysfunction in males and has three characteristics: (1) an intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) of 〈 1 rain; (2) insufficient control over delaying ejaculation; and (3) negative personal consequences, such as distress, frustration, and/or the avoidance of sexual intimacy2 Its etiologies involve the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system. The use of 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) blockers (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs) was found to prevent the reuptake of 5-HT from the synaptic cleft into the presynaptic serotonergic neurons, which leads to increased extracellular 5-HT levels, thereby delaving ejaculation.展开更多
Dear Editor, Anejaculation is a rare ejaculatory disorder in men (1%-4% of sexually active men) that can cause male factor infertility.1 Although these patients are generally healthy individuals that may have erecti...Dear Editor, Anejaculation is a rare ejaculatory disorder in men (1%-4% of sexually active men) that can cause male factor infertility.1 Although these patients are generally healthy individuals that may have erections and nocturnal emissions, they cannot ejaculate. As we all know, there is evidence that the etiology of ejaculatory dysfunction is partially genetic, especially related to serotonergic genes.2 Here, we report two polymorphic regions in serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene for the first time in three Chinese males with anejaculation.展开更多
Background:China’s accelerating development and increasingly important role in global health engagement create a great demand for global health professionals including international consulting experts.This study repo...Background:China’s accelerating development and increasingly important role in global health engagement create a great demand for global health professionals including international consulting experts.This study reported the detailed development and evaluation of an international consulting training for global health workforce.Methods:Based on Kirkpatrick’s model,a mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the training.Quantitative and qualitative data on participants’reaction,learning,and application of the learned knowledge and skills were collected by a training evaluation survey at the ending of training and a follow-up interview in three months after the training.Results:Thirty-six participants attended the training and 34 of them completed quantitative investigation.The training satisfaction evaluations were positive,for which participants rated the training program highly and over 90%of them agreed with the usefulness of the training.About knowledge and skills change,participants showed improved consulting knowledge and skills from pre-to post-training(P<0.001).A total of 23 participants accepted follow-up interview,and most participants applied knowledge and skills learned from the training in their daily work or study.However,only 30.4%of participants applied their learning in the consulting program.The largest barrier of application was the lack of consulting opportunities.In addition,almost all the participants reported that they would be glad to attend more training courses in the future.Conclusion:The international consulting training program was well-received,and was feasible to improve the consulting service competence of global health professionals.According to participants’feedback,it is essential to develop and expand consulting training in the field of global health.展开更多
摘要Herein,we describe a case of robotic duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection(DPPHR)performed on a 21-monthold male infant(weight:13 kg;body mass index:18.87 kg/m2)with focal nesidioblastosis,expanding the scope of minimally invasive pediatric hepatobiliary surgery(Fig.1;Video S1).Preoperative positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed a 23×13 mm neuroendocrine lesion in the pancreatic head,which caused refractory hypoglycemia and necessitated surgical intervention.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.252300421054)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61874160)。
摘要The spin field-effect transistor(SFET)based on ferroelectric Rashba semiconductor(FRS)has a shorter channel length than ordinary transistors,making it an important type of future transistor.Through high-throughput inverse design,AlBi and SiPb monolayers are considered to be very promising FRSs due to their prominent Rashba effect,the thinnest atomic structure,and surmountable energy barriers.Herein,we employ first-principles calculations to systematically investigate the modulation of Rashba effect,electric field response,and ferroelectricity in AlBi and SiPb monolayers.The large Rashba coefficients of 2.717 and 2.606 eV·Åare obtained for AlBi and SiPb monolayers,while they can be efficiently modulated by the external electric field and strain engineering.The electric field response of AlBi oscillates around 0.5 e·Å2and that of SiPb can reach 0.78 e·Å2,which can fully meet the requirements of practical applications.Furthermore,as typical two-dimensional ferroelectric materials,the coupling effect between ferroelectric polarization and spin polarization is also explored.Based on these investigations,we design two types of SFET with AlBi or SiPb monolayer as the channel.The SFET designed solely based on the electric field response without considering the ferroelectricity,has a channel length ranging from 70 nm to 100 nm.The SFET designed based on the ferroelectricity can reduce the channel length to below 2 nm,which is quite below the tolerance of coherent transport in semiconductors.Thus,two-dimensional(2D)FRS can be considered as a promising candidate material for the next generation of SFETs.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFB3812000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52272072)the Independent Innovation Project of the Hubei Longzhong Laboratory (2022ZZ-13)
摘要The e nergy transfer(ET) between f-f transition is achieved by rare earth ions(RE3+) doped grain boundaries of transpare nt ceramics,which e nhances the fluorescence thermometry performance and enables multiple fluorescence thermometry modes of transparent ceramics.In this work,MgAlON:Dy3+transparent ceramics were prepared and segregation of Dy3+ in grain boundaries was realized.With excellent absolute and relative se nsitivities(2.447 μs/K and 2.09%/K),the fluorescence lifetime(FL)signals of MgAlON:Dy3+ excee ds most of RE3+ doped phosphors.The ET between closely segregated Dy3+in grain boundaries modifies the distribution of electron on 4I15/2 level,and induces temperaturedependent FL to the phosphors.This work reveals the influence of grain boundary segregation on ET between Dy3+ for improving the fluorescence thermometry performance of phosphors.
摘要In recent years,heterogeneous manganese catalysis has emerged as a significant area of research in catalytic chemistry,leveraging manganese-based materials to facilitate a wide range of chemical transformations.This review explores the fundamental principles,recent advances,applications,and prospects of heterogeneous manganese catalysis in organic synthesis.These catalysts are widely employed in C-C bond formation,C-N bond formation,C-O bond formation,oxidation.Despite this,manganese catalysts have not received as much attention as other metals,such as iron and cobalt,often resulting in their excellent catalytic activity being overlooked.This review focuses on the mechanisms and capabilities of heterogeneous manganese catalysts in various aspects of organic synthesis,highlighting the latest research advancements.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62305195)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2022QF036 and ZR2025MS1001)Shandong Provincial Youth Innovation Technology Program(2024KJN010).
摘要X-ray detectors,as crucial elements in medical imaging and industrial fields,can be categorized into direct and indirect types.Direct detectors,which directly convert X-ray photons into electrical signals,exhibit high sensitivity and low detection limits,enabling the capture of high-resolution images and reducing radiation exposure to patients.Organic copper halides,recognized as potential active materials for X-ray detection,have been widely explored in the indirect scintillation field but remain under-explored in direct X-ray detector applications.In this work,(C12H12N)3Cu3I6is demonstrated as an efficient semiconductor for direct X-ray detection with excellent stability.A lateral-structured X-ray detector was fabricated with gold electrodes,which exhibits a maximum sensitivity of 1464.14μC·Gy-1·cm-2,a lowest detection limit of 19.8 nGy·s-1,a high on-off ratio of 2140,and an excellent operational stability of retaining 96%performance after 600 s continuous X-ray radiation.Furthermore,the detector successfully imaged a 0.1 mm“F”-shaped lead sheet,validating its capacity for X-ray imaging.This study highlights the potential of(C12H12N)3Cu3I6as a promising semiconductor for high-performance direct X-ray detection,expanding the application scope of organic copper halides in this critical field.
基金Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Science and Technology Development Incubation Fund,“Research on the Role and Mechanism of PIGU in Regulating MUC-1 in Gastric Cancer Immune Escape”(Project No.:2023YJY-29)Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Basic Research Program,“Research on the Mechanism and Clinical Significance of miR-140-5p Related to Gastric Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis”(Project No.:2023-JC-YB-639)。
摘要Early-stage gastric cancer;Extent of lymph node dissection;D1 dissection;D2 dissection;Recurrence rate;Survival rateObjective:To investigate the impact of different lymph node dissection scopes on postoperative recurrence and survival rates in patients with early gastric cancer,providing evidence-based support for optimizing clinical surgical plans.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 100 patients with early gastric cancer who underwent surgical treatment at our hospital from October 2021 to October 2023.Patients were divided into Group D1(n=50)and Group D2(n=50)based on the extent of lymph node dissection.Group D1 underwent limited lymph node dissection(dissection of the first station of lymph nodes around the stomach),while Group D2 underwent standard lymph node dissection(dissection of the first and second stations of lymph nodes around the stomach).Surgical-related indicators,the incidence of postoperative complications,the 2-year recurrence rate,and the 2-year survival rate were compared between the two groups of patients.Results:The operative time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,and the number of lymph nodes dissected were significantly higher in the D2 group than in the D1 group(all P<0.001).The overall incidence of postoperative complications was higher in the D1 group than in the D2 group,but the difference was not statistically significant(χ2=0.884,P=0.766).After a 2-year follow-up,the recurrence rate was significantly higher in the D1 group than in the D2 group(χ2=4.000,P=0.046).The 2-year survival rate was significantly lower in the D1 group than in the D2 group(χ2=5.005,P=0.025).A total of 100 patients with early-stage gastric cancer were grouped according to the depth of invasion,degree of differentiation,and lymph node metastasis status,and the recurrence rates of different subgroups were compared.The results showed that the recurrence rate was higher in patients with T1b stage than in those with T1a stage(χ2=5.005,P=0.025),higher in poorly differentiated patients than in moderately and well-differentiated patients(χ2=4.155,P=0.042),and higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without lymph node metastasis(χ2=4.512,P=0.034).Conclusion:Compared with D1 limited lymph node dissection,D2 standard lymph node dissection can significantly reduce the postoperative recurrence rate and improve the 2-year survival rate in patients with early-stage gastric cancer without significantly increasing the risk of postoperative complications.Although the surgical trauma is slightly greater,the overall prognosis is better,making it a preferred surgical treatment option for patients with early-stage gastric cancer.
基金Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Science and Technology Development Incubation Fund,“Research on the Role and Mechanism of PIGU in Regulating MUC-1 in Gastric Cancer Immune Escape”(Project No.:2023YJY-29)Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Basic Research Program,“Research on the Mechanism and Clinical Significance of miR-140-5p Related to Gastric Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis”(Project No.:2023-JC-YB-639)。
摘要Objective:To explore the mechanism of action of intestinal dysbiosis in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer and analyze its potential for clinical intervention.Methods:Eighty patients with gastric cancer admitted to our hospital from January 2024 to November 2025 were selected as the study group,and another 40 healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group.The fecal bacterial and fungal culture method was employed to quantify the primary intestinal flora,including Bifidobacteria,Lactobacilli,Escherichia coli,Enterococci,and Bacteroides,in both groups of study subjects,and the bacilli-to-cocci ratio was calculated.Additionally,serum levels of inflammatory cytokines(IL-6,TNF-α)and immune-related factors(PD-L1,IL-10)were measured.Gastric cancer patients were randomly divided into an intervention group(40 cases)and an observation group(40 cases).The observation group received a conventional chemotherapy regimen,while the intervention group received probiotic intervention in addition to chemotherapy.The incidence of chemotherapy-related adverse reactions and changes in intestinal flora were compared between the two groups.Results:The quantities of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli,as well as the bacilli-to-cocci ratio,were significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group,whereas the quantities of Escherichia coli and Enterococci were significantly higher,with all differences being statistically significant(all P<0.001).Serum levels of IL-6,TNF-α,PD-L1,and IL-10 were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.01).After intervention,the quantities of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli,as well as the bacilli-to-cocci ratio,were significantly lower in the observation group than before intervention,while the quantities of Escherichia coli and Enterococci were significantly higher(all P<0.01).Serum levels of IL-6,TNF-α,PD-L1,and IL-10 in the study group remained significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01).In the intervention group,the quantities of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli,as well as the bacilli-to-cocci ratio,were significantly higher after intervention than before,while the quantities of Escherichia coli and Enterococci were significantly lower(all P<0.001).Furthermore,after intervention,the quantities of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli,as well as the bacilli-to-cocci ratio,were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the observation group,while the quantities of Escherichia coli and Enterococci were significantly lower(all P<0.01).The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the observation group(P<0.001).Conclusion:Dysbiosis of intestinal flora may promote the occurrence and development of gastric cancer through mechanisms such as inducing chronic inflammation and inhibiting anti-tumor immunity;probiotic intervention can effectively regulate the balance of intestinal flora in gastric cancer patients,reduce adverse reactions to chemotherapy,and hold significant potential for clinical intervention.
基金Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Science and Technology Development Incubation Fund:“Research on the Role and Mechanism of PIGU in Regulating MUC-1 in Gastric Cancer Immune Escape”(2023YJY-29)Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Basic Research Program:“Mechanism Research and Clinical Significance of miR-140-5p Related to Gastric Cancer Recurrence and Metastasis”(2023-JC-YB-639)。
摘要Objective:To explore the application effect of the stratified teaching model in multidisciplinary team(MDT)teaching for gastric cancer,providing practical evidence for improving the quality of medical talent training in gastric cancer MDT diagnosis and treatment capabilities.Methods:Sixty learners who participated in gastric cancer MDT teaching at our hospital from July 2024 to July 2025 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into an observation group(n=30)and a control group(n=30)using a random number table method.The control group adopted the traditional“one-size-fits-all”teaching model,while the observation group employed a stratified teaching model.Students in the observation group were divided into basic,intermediate,and advanced levels based on their foundational knowledge and learning abilities,with differentiated teaching objectives,content,and evaluation systems implemented accordingly.The theoretical assessment scores,clinical skill operation scores,MDT case discussion ability ratings,and teaching satisfaction of students in both groups were compared after instruction.Results:After the teaching period,students in the observation group scored significantly higher than those in the control group in theoretical assessments,clinical skill operations,and MDT case discussion ability(P<0.001).Teaching satisfaction was also significantly higher in the observation group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Within the observation group,advanced-level students scored significantly higher than intermediate-and basic-level students in theoretical assessments,clinical skill operations,and MDT case discussion ability,while intermediate-level students outperformed basic-level students in all areas(all P<0.001).Conclusion:The stratified teaching model effectively enhances the quality of MDT teaching for gastric cancer,improving students’theoretical knowledge,clinical skills,and MDT case discussion abilities,as well as increasing teaching satisfaction.It is worthy of promotion and application in medical education.
基金financially National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA1504800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22325405,22372160,22321002)+1 种基金Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1807207)DICP I202104。
摘要The Zn-Al spinel oxide stands out as one of the most active catalysts for high-temperature methanol synthesis from CO2hydrogenation.However,the structure–activity relationship of the reaction remains poorly understood due to challenges in atomic-level structural characterizations and analysis of reaction intermediates.In this study,we prepared two Zn-Al spinel oxide catalysts via coprecipitation(ZnAl-C)and hydrothermal(ZnAl-H)methods,and conducted a comparative investigation in the CO2hydrogenation reaction.Surprisingly,under similar conditions,ZnAl-C exhibited significantly higher selectivity towards methanol and DME compared to ZnAl-H.Comprehensive characterizations using X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)unveiled that ZnAl-C catalyst had abundant ZnO species on its surface,and the interaction between the ZnO species and its ZnAl spinel oxide matrix led to the formation of oxygen vacancies,which are crucial for CO2adsorption and activation.Additionally,state-of-the-art solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)techniques,including ex-situ and in-situ NMR analyses,confirmed that the surface ZnO facilitates the formation of unique highly reactive interfacial formate species,which was readily hydrogenated to methanol and DME.These insights elucidate the promotion effects of ZnO on the ZnAl spinel oxide in regulating active sites and reactive intermediates for CO2-to-methanol hydrogenation reaction,which is further evidenced by the significant enhancement in methanol and DME selectivity observed upon loading ZnO onto the ZnAl-H catalyst.These molecular-level mechanism understandings reinforce the idea of optimizing the ZnO-ZnAl interface through tailored synthesis methods to achieve activity-selectivity balance.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1502803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22325405,22372160,22432005 and 22321002)Dalian Science and Technology Talent Innovation Program(No.2024RG009).
摘要As a highly reactive reaction intermediate,surface gallium hydride(Ga–H)has garnered significant attention due to its critical role in various catalytic reactions.However,the detailed experimental characterization of this unique species remains challenging.Recently,we have demonstrated that solid-state NMR can be an effective tool for studying surface Ga–H.In this work,we report a comparative solid-state NMR study on H2 activation over different Ga2O3 polymorphs,specificallyα-,β-andγ-Ga2O3.1H solid-state NMR enabled the identification of Ga–H species formed on all the three samples following high-temperature H2 treatment.The characteristic 1H NMR signals of Ga–H species are resolved using J-coupling-based double-resonance NMR methods,revealing highly similar lineshapes of Ga–H for all the Ga2O3 samples.This suggests potentially similar surface Ga–H configurations among different Ga2O3 polymorphs.In addition,the local hydrogen environments on the oxide surfaces are further explored using two-dimensional(2D)1H–1H homonuclear correlation spectra,revealing multiple spatially proximate Ga–H and Ga–H/–OH pairs on different Ga2O3 polymorphs.These findings provide insights into the potential mechanism of H2 dissociation.Overall,this work offers new perspectives on the local structure of surface Ga–H on Ga2O3,and the analytical approach presented here can be further extended to the study of other Ga-based catalysts and other metal hydride species.
摘要Silicoaluminophosphate(SAPO)molecular sieves possess diverse architectures and exceptional high-temperature hydrothermal stability,rendering them important acid catalysts.However,enhancing acid concentration of certain SAPO materials remains challenging,which limits their catalytic applications.Here,we report the synthesis of a series of SAPO materials using a developed SAPO precursor plus dual template(SPDT)strategy.A variety of SAPO materials characterized by high silica content and enhanced acidity,such as SAPO-34/56 intergrowths,SAPO-56,and SAPO-17,have been synthesized and thoroughly characterized using various techniques including integrated differential phase-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy,two-dimensional solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,and continuous rotation electron diffraction.The use of silica-enriched SAPO precursor combined with the flexible selection of the second template enables the crystalline phase regulation and improves the Si atoms incorporation into the framework.Notably,the synthesized SAPO-17 with abundant Si(4Al)species and unprecedentedly high acid density exhibits exceptional DeNOxactivity after Cu loading,with NOxconversion exceeding 90%at 175–700℃.This outstanding performance can be attributed to the unique ERI structure and the increased acidity of SAPO-17.This work not only presents an effective method for synthesizing SAPO molecular sieves with enhanced acidity but also offers a new perspective for expanding the active temperature range of the ammonia selective catalytic reduction reaction.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21902158,21773230,91945302)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1502803)LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1807207),DICP I202104.
摘要Metal hydrides (MeH) on solid surfaces, i.e., surface MeH, are ubiquitous but criticalspecies in heterogeneous catalysis, and their intermediate roles have been proposed innumerous reactions such as (de)hydrogenation and alkanes activation, etc., however, thedetailed spectroscopic characterizations remain challenging. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy has become a powerful tool in surface studies, asit provides access to local structural characterizations at atomic level from multipleviews, with comprehensive information on chemical bonding and spatial structures. Inthis review, we summarized and discussed the latest research developments on thesuccessful application of ssNMR to characterize surface MeH species on solid catalystsincluding supported single-site heterogeneous catalysts, bulk metal oxides and metalmodified zeolites. We also discussed the opportunities and challenges in this field, aswell as the potential application/development of state-of-the-art ssNMR technologies toenable further exploration of metal hydrides in heterogeneous catalysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82230009,No.82070232)Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(No.21XD1403300)Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Project(No.23410761200).
摘要Objective:Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury is associated with a significant reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP,ΔΨm).Fluorescence-based assays are effective for labelling active mitochondria in living cells;their application in heart tissue,however,represents a challenge because of a low yield of viable cardiomyocytes after cardiac perfusion.This study aimed to examine a novel method for detecting the changes in the MMP of mouse heart tissue following I/R injury.Methods:The I/R model was established,which was characterized by distinct ischemic area and apoptosis in heart tissue.The MMP was detected via a confocal microscope after the ascending aorta was clamped and the mitochondrial probe solution(containing Mito-Tracker Deep Red FM)was perfused from the apex via a peristaltic pump.Results:This method enabled the distribution of the probe solution throughout the cardiac tissue via the coronary circulation.Fluorescence detection revealed that the MMP was profoundly reduced in both ischemic area and border area following I/R when compared with that in the sham group.There was no obvious difference in the MMP of the remote area between the I/R group and the sham group.Conclusion:This study presents a novel method for detecting the MMP in heart tissue,and this method will facilitate the evaluation of changes in the MMP in different regions following I/R.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21773230,91945302,21902158,22002165)the Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1807207)+5 种基金the China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX20190321)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M651161,2019M651154)the DICP&QIBEBT UN201808the DICP I202104the EPSRC Institutional Sponsorship for funding(EP/P511353/1)The DNP MAS NMR experiments were performed at the Nottingham DNP MAS NMR Facility which is funded by the University of Nottingham and EPSRC(EP/L022524/1 and EP/R042853/1)。
摘要Direct catalytic transformation of syngas(CO/H2) into high value-added hydrocarbons has been one of the most attractive,yet challenging issues in C1 chemistry. In recent years, the concept of oxide-zeolite(OXZEO) bifunctional catalysis has emerged and spurred renewed enthusiasm in this field [1,2]. This method describes the use of selected oxide-zeolite-based composite catalysts for the direct syngas-to-hydrocarbons conversion.
摘要Dear Editor, Lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE) is a type of sexual dysfunction in males and has three characteristics: (1) an intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) of 〈 1 rain; (2) insufficient control over delaying ejaculation; and (3) negative personal consequences, such as distress, frustration, and/or the avoidance of sexual intimacy2 Its etiologies involve the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system. The use of 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) blockers (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs) was found to prevent the reuptake of 5-HT from the synaptic cleft into the presynaptic serotonergic neurons, which leads to increased extracellular 5-HT levels, thereby delaving ejaculation.
摘要Dear Editor, Anejaculation is a rare ejaculatory disorder in men (1%-4% of sexually active men) that can cause male factor infertility.1 Although these patients are generally healthy individuals that may have erections and nocturnal emissions, they cannot ejaculate. As we all know, there is evidence that the etiology of ejaculatory dysfunction is partially genetic, especially related to serotonergic genes.2 Here, we report two polymorphic regions in serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene for the first time in three Chinese males with anejaculation.
基金funded by the China-UK Global Health Support Program(No.GHSP-CS-OP3-V04).
摘要Background:China’s accelerating development and increasingly important role in global health engagement create a great demand for global health professionals including international consulting experts.This study reported the detailed development and evaluation of an international consulting training for global health workforce.Methods:Based on Kirkpatrick’s model,a mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the training.Quantitative and qualitative data on participants’reaction,learning,and application of the learned knowledge and skills were collected by a training evaluation survey at the ending of training and a follow-up interview in three months after the training.Results:Thirty-six participants attended the training and 34 of them completed quantitative investigation.The training satisfaction evaluations were positive,for which participants rated the training program highly and over 90%of them agreed with the usefulness of the training.About knowledge and skills change,participants showed improved consulting knowledge and skills from pre-to post-training(P<0.001).A total of 23 participants accepted follow-up interview,and most participants applied knowledge and skills learned from the training in their daily work or study.However,only 30.4%of participants applied their learning in the consulting program.The largest barrier of application was the lack of consulting opportunities.In addition,almost all the participants reported that they would be glad to attend more training courses in the future.Conclusion:The international consulting training program was well-received,and was feasible to improve the consulting service competence of global health professionals.According to participants’feedback,it is essential to develop and expand consulting training in the field of global health.