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Health risk of PM2.5-bound heavy metals in a megacity in South China:Comparison between before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 认领 引用
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作者 Runhua Wang Xing Peng +9 位作者 Kejin Tang Yu Han Jiangyao Tan Ning Feng Shaoxia Wang Liwu Zeng Xiaofeng Huang Lingyan He Sihua Lu Min Hu 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第8期842-851,共10页
The COVID-19 pandemic led to three years(2020-2022)of human activity restrictions in China,significantly impacting urban air quality,yet long-term health risks from PM2.5-bound heavy metals remain unclear.This stud... The COVID-19 pandemic led to three years(2020-2022)of human activity restrictions in China,significantly impacting urban air quality,yet long-term health risks from PM2.5-bound heavy metals remain unclear.This study observed PM2.5 and 21 associated metals in Shenzhen over six years(2017-2022),aiming to identify sources,assess their health impacts,and explore COVID-19 effects on health risks.The total carcinogenic risk(CR)of 5 metals decreased by 23%during the pandemic(2020-2022)compared to pre-pandemic levels(2017-2019),similar to the trends of PM2.5 and total metals concentrations.In contrast,the non-carcinogenic risk(NCR)of 11 metals increased by 20%,primarily due to the rise in manganese(Mn)concentration caused by vehicle emissions,but NCR still below the risk threshold.Vehicle emissions were the main contributor to NCR(68%)and CR(55%).Machine learning revealed that the source emissions reduction is the primary factor contributing to the decline in the CR of metals bound to PM2.5,except for the increased health risk associated with vehicles.During the pandemic,the slowed growth rate of CR of vehicle emissions and the significant decline in CR of fugitive dust demonstrated the effectiveness of pandemic-induced traffic and production restrictions in reducing anthropogenic emissions and mitigating PM2.5-bound heavy metal health risks in Shenzhen.However,total CR of heavy metals in 2022 exceeded the acceptable risk threshold(1×10-6),emphasizing the ongoing challenge of regulating PM2.5 and the need to prioritize vehicle emission management. 展开更多
关键词 PM2.5 Positive matrix factorization Heavy metals Health risks Sources analysis COVID-19
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Pretreatment with Danhong injection protects the brain against ischemia-reperfusion injury 认领 引用 被引量：12
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作者 Shaoxia Wang Hong Guo +6 位作者 Xumei Wang Lijuan Chai Limin Hu Tao Zhao Buchang Zhao Xiaoxu Tan Feifei Jia 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第15期1453-1459,共7页
Danhong injection （DHI）, a Chinese Materia Medica standardized product extracted from Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae and Flos Carthami tinctorii, is widely used in China for treating acute isch-emic stroke. In the pres... Danhong injection （DHI）, a Chinese Materia Medica standardized product extracted from Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae and Flos Carthami tinctorii, is widely used in China for treating acute isch-emic stroke. In the present study, we explored the neuroprotective efficacy of DHI in a rat model of temporary middle cerebral artery ocdusion, and evaluated the potential mechanisms under-lying its effects. Pretreatment with DHI （0.9 and 1.8 mL/kg） resulted in a significantly smaller infarct volume and better neurological scores than pretreatment with saline. Furthermore, DHI significantly reduced the permeability of the blood-brain barrier, increased occludin protein expression and decreased neutrophil infiltration, as well as profoundly suppressing the upreg-ulation of matrix metallopeptidase-9 expression seen in rats that had received vehicle. Matrix metallopeptidase-2 expression was not affected by ischemia or DHI. Moreover, DHI （1.8 mL/kg） administered 3 hours after the onset of ischemia also improved neurological scores and reduced infarct size. Our results indicate that the neuroprotective efficacy of DHI in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is mediated by a protective effect on the blood-brain barrier and the reversal of neutrophil infiltration. 展开更多
关键词 nerve regeneration Danhong injection Radix Salviae Miltiorrhiae Flos Carthami cerebral ischemia-reperfusion neutrophil infiltration matrix metallopeptidase blood-brain barrier NSFC grant neural regeneration
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Panax notoginseng saponin attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced oxidative stress in cortical neurons 认领 引用 被引量：7
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作者 Chen Yan Jinqiang Zhu +3 位作者 Xiaoxu Jia Chao Wang Shaoxia Wang Liyuan Kang 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第36期2853-2859,共7页
The present study monitored the effect of 2, 10, and 50 mg/L of Panax notoginseng saponin exposure following hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in fetal rat cortical neurons. Results showed that varying doses of Panax notog... The present study monitored the effect of 2, 10, and 50 mg/L of Panax notoginseng saponin exposure following hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in fetal rat cortical neurons. Results showed that varying doses of Panax notoginseng saponin significantly enhanced the cell viability of neurons, reduced malondialdehyde content, increased superoxide dismutase activity, inhibited mRNA and protein expression of inducible and neuronal nitric oxide synthase, and decreased the release of nitric oxide in hypoxiaeoxygenation injured cells. In particular, 50 mg/L of Panax notoginseng saponin was the most effective dose. These findings suggest that Panax notoginseng saponin can attenuate neuronal oxidative stress injury caused by hypoxiaeoxygenation in a dose-dependent manner. 展开更多
关键词 Panax notoginseng saponin neuron oxidative stress superoxide dismutase malondialdehyde nitric oxide neuroprotection nerve injury neural regeneration
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Neuroprotective effect of panax notoginseng saponins and its main components 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Xumei Wang Shaoxia Wang Limin Hu 《World Journal of Neuroscience》 CAS 2014年第1期12-17,共6页
Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the first cause of adult disability in industrial countries [1]. It is charicaterized by hemiplegia, hemianopsia, aphasia, mouth askew and sever sequelae. It is considere... Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the first cause of adult disability in industrial countries [1]. It is charicaterized by hemiplegia, hemianopsia, aphasia, mouth askew and sever sequelae. It is considered that an ischemic disease without any specific treatment method and few effective drugs such as tPA (human tissue-type plasminogen activator) and Edarovone with specific therapeutic window will cause a lot of disadvantages if being used inaccurate. Root of Panax notoginseng (PN) which is one of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), was first found in “Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica” around 200 AD. Panax notogineng saponins(PNS) is a multi-components mixture containing ginseng and saponins as the most important bioactive components which are commonly used in clinical treatment. Also, ginseng and saponins form the main components of many herbal medicines in the market, e.g., Xueshuantong injection [2], Xuesaitong injection [3], Xuesaitong soft capsule [4] and so on. The main monomers of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) are Ginsenoside-Rb1, Gensenoside-Rg1, Gensenoside-Re, Gensenoside-Rd and Panax notoginseng saponins-R1 [5]. In this review, we found some important points as well as shortcomings that require special consideration. We therefore highlighted the advances in neuro-protection of PNS and its main monomers in the area of experimental research. 展开更多
关键词 Panax Notoginseng Saponins Cerebral Ischemia Neuro-Protection Neuron Regeneration
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珠江三角洲大气夜间非均相化学反应对二次气溶胶和臭氧的影响 认领 引用 被引量：12
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作者 牛英博 黄晓锋 +6 位作者 王海潮 王少霞 林晓玉 陈瑶 朱波 朱乔 何凌燕 《科学通报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2022年第18期2060-2068,共9页
近年来,我国在PM2.5治理方面取得了显著成效,而O3污染问题日益突出.观测结果表明,珠江三角洲光化学反应活跃季PM2.5与O3呈现明显的正相关,但对两者之间耦合关系认识不清使得其协同控制具有很大难度.迄今为止,大部分研究主... 近年来,我国在PM2.5治理方面取得了显著成效,而O3污染问题日益突出.观测结果表明,珠江三角洲光化学反应活跃季PM2.5与O3呈现明显的正相关,但对两者之间耦合关系认识不清使得其协同控制具有很大难度.迄今为止,大部分研究主要关注日间光化学机制,而对夜间大气化学过程的认识明显不足.最新研究表明,夜间五氧化二氮(N2O5)非均相反应是PM2.5和O3生成的重要潜在机制,不仅对二次硝酸盐生成具有重要贡献,而且其非均相反应产物硝酰氯(ClNO2)在次日清晨的光解对促进大气氧化性也有重要影响.本研究于2018年10月在臭氧污染较严重季节对深圳城市大气中N2O5和ClNO2进行了在线测量,基于气相和颗粒相污染物变化对N2O5的非均相反应进行量化计算与活性评估.观测结果表明,夜间N2O5和ClNO2的最高浓度可分别达到1524与477 pptv(5 min平均,1 pptv=10-3 mm3/m3),并受到前体物来源和成分的影响而呈现不同的污染特征.夜间通过N2O5生成的硝酸盐在污染时段可达到硝酸盐总量的24%~60%;清晨ClNO2光解产生的Cl自由基对烷烃的最大去除效率可达OH自由基的2~3倍,Cl自由基氧化反应在上午时段可有效增加RO2自由基产量,并通过HOx自由基循环而促进O3和二次气溶胶生成.研究结果揭示,珠江三角洲沿海地区大气中活跃的夜间非均相反应是PM2.5和O3耦合生成的重要潜在机制,亟须深入研究以便为PM2.5和O3协同防治提供科学依据. 展开更多
关键词 PM2.5 O3 非均相反应 五氧化二氮 硝酰氯
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