The high-frequency cycles seen in the carbonates of the Cambrian Xiannüdong Formation in the Sichuan Basin commonly exhibit a certain coupling relationship with the development of grain shoals;this influences the...The high-frequency cycles seen in the carbonates of the Cambrian Xiannüdong Formation in the Sichuan Basin commonly exhibit a certain coupling relationship with the development of grain shoals;this influences the accuracy of reservoir predictions and the selection of favorable zones for hydrocarbon.MATLAB-based wavelet transform technology is employed to analyze the characteristics of the high-frequency sequences in the Xiannüdong Formation,establish a sequence stratigraphic framework,and clarify their vertical and horizontal relationships with the development of grain shoals.The results indicate that using the Dmey wavelet for continuous wavelet transform of gamma ray(GR)curves effectively reflects regional sedimentary cycles.In the Xiannüdong Formation,we identified two third-order sequences,five fourth-order sequences,and ten fifth-order sequences,all of which exhibit a strong correlation with the one-dimensional wavelet curves derived from wavelet transformations.In the sequence stratigraphic framework,early deposition of the Xiannüdong Formation briefly inherited transgressive processes from the Qiongzhusi Formation,and subsequently underwent a long and frequently fluctuating regressive phase.This study elucidates the development characteristics of grain shoals during marine regressions,and identifies lithology primarily as oolitic limestone,oolitic dolostone,doloarenite,silty oolitic limestone,and silty oolitic dolostone.Longitudinally,grain shoals are primarily distributed in the SQ12,SQ21,and SQ22intervals,and are characterized by the interbedded development of thin and thick layers.They form predominantly during the regressive phase of fourth-order sequences.Planarly,they exhibit a belt-like distribution in the southwest-northeast direction.These findings provide novel insights for conducting high-frequency sequence stratigraphy studies utilizing logging data.They also possess practical implications for constructing high-precision sequence stratigraphic frameworks as well as for predicting the distribution of grain shoals within the study area.展开更多
Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is a potential additive manufacturing process to manufacture Invar 36 alloy components with complicated geometry.Whereas it inevitably introduces specific microstructures and pore defects,...Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is a potential additive manufacturing process to manufacture Invar 36 alloy components with complicated geometry.Whereas it inevitably introduces specific microstructures and pore defects,which will further influence the mechanical properties.Hence,aiming at exploring the LPBF process-related microstructures and pore defects,and especially their influences on the damage mechanism and mechanical properties,Invar 36 alloy was manufactured by LPBF under designed different laser scanning speeds.The microstructure observations reveal that higher scanning speeds lead to equiaxed and short columnar grains with higher dislocation density,while lower scanning speeds result in elongated columnar grains with lower dislocation density.The pore defects analyzed by X-ray computed tomography(XCT)suggest that the high laser scanning speed gives rise to numerous lamellar and large lack-of-fusion(LOF)pores,and the excessively low laser scanning speed produces relatively small keyhole pores with high sphericity.Moreover,the insitu XCT tensile tests were originally performed to evaluate the damage evolution and failure mechanism.Specifically,high laser scanning speed causes brittle fracture due to the rapid growth and coalescence of initial lamellar LOF pores along the scan-ning direction.Low laser scanning speed induces ductile fracture originating from unstable depressions in the surfaces,while metallurgical and keyhole pores have little impact on damage evolution.Eventually,the process-structure-property correlation is established.The presence of high volume fraction of lamel-lar LOF pores,resulting from high scanning speed,leads to inferior yield strength and ductility.Besides,specimens without LOF pores exhibit larger grain sizes and lower dislocation density at decreased scanning speeds,slightly reducing yield strength while slightly enhancing ductility.This understanding lays the foundation for widespread applications of LPBF-processed Invar 36 alloy.展开更多
Li-O2 batteries provide an attractive and potential strategy for energy conversion and storage with high specific energy densities.However,large over-potential in oxygen evolution reactions (OER) caused by the deco...Li-O2 batteries provide an attractive and potential strategy for energy conversion and storage with high specific energy densities.However,large over-potential in oxygen evolution reactions (OER) caused by the decomposition obstacles of Li2O2 seriously impedes its electrochemical performances.Herein,a novel N,O,S and F co-doping vesicular carbon was prepared by self-template pyrolysis method and used in LiO2 battery to tune the nucleation and decomposition of Li2O2.The introduction of F in the carbon matrix with suitable content can regulate the adsorption of intermediates,through which the morphology of Li2O2 can be controlled to film,favorable to its decomposition in charge process.The cathode based on the optimized F doped carbon vesicle exhibits improved electrochemical performances including a low over-potential,large capacity and a long-term stability.Density functional theory (DFT) results show that F and C in C–F bond hasve a strong interaction to Li and O in Li2O2,respectively,which can enhance the transfer of electrons from Li2O2 to the carbon matrix to generate hole polaron and thus accelerate the delithiation and decomposition of Li2O2.This work provides a new sight into understanding the mechanism of nucleation and decomposition of Li2O2 for the development of high-performance Li-O2 batteries.展开更多
Li-CO2 batteries provide an attractive and potential strategy for CO2 utilization as well as energy conversion and storage with high specific energy densities.However,the poor reversibility caused by the decompo...Li-CO2 batteries provide an attractive and potential strategy for CO2 utilization as well as energy conversion and storage with high specific energy densities.However,the poor reversibility caused by the decomposition obstacles of Li2CO3 and C products is still a challenge for Li-CO2 batteries,which seriously influences its electrochemical performances.Herein,a free-standing MnOOH arrays cathode has been prepared and employed in Li-CO2 battery,which realizes a great improvement of electrochemical performances by adjusting the discharge products distribution.Experiments coupled with theoretical calculations verifies that the formation of Li-containing carbonaceous species(LiCO2,LiCO and Li2 CO3)bonded with MnOOH through Li ion regulates the nucleation behavior of Li2CO3 and C,making them grown on MnOOH uniformly.The fine Li2 CO3 grains(with a size about 5 nm)embedded into carbon matrix greatly enlarges the contact interface between them,facilitating the transmission of electrons through the discharge products and finally improves CO2 evolution activity.This ingenious design strategy of regulating discharge products distribution to improve electrochemical performances provides a promising way to develop advanced Li-CO2 batteries.展开更多
Redox sluggishness and polysulfide dissolution in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries arise from weak host with polysulfides interactions.Herein,ligand defects are controllably engineered within a two-dimensional(2D)Ni-base...Redox sluggishness and polysulfide dissolution in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries arise from weak host with polysulfides interactions.Herein,ligand defects are controllably engineered within a two-dimensional(2D)Ni-based metal-organic frameworks(Ni-MOFs)that is epitaxially grown on rGO to afford ultrathin composite nanosheets.By precisely modulating the molar ratio of terephthalic acid to salicylic acid during solvothermal synthesis,a series of Ni-MOFsGO composites(denoted NPSGO)are obtained.The defective architecture simultaneously exposes a high density of open coordination sites and establishes continuous Li-ion diffusion pathways.Notably,NPS-3GO exhibits maximal long-chain lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)chemisorption as quantified(ultraviolet–visible(UV–vis))and fastest liquid–liquid and liquid–solid redox kinetics(symmetric-cell cyclic voltammograms(CV)and potentiostatic nucleation).When evaluated as a sulfur host in Li-S coin cells,the S@NPS-3GO cathode effectively suppresses polysulfide shuttling.Consequently,the NPS-3GO cathode delivers 1493.4 mAh·g-1at 0.1 C,683.6 mAh·g-1at 2 C and less than 0.049%capacity decay per cycle over 750 cycles at 1 C,even at 3.72 mg·cm-2and electrolyte/sulfur(E/S)ratio of 11.88μL·mg-1,it retains 1002.8 mAh·g-1at 0.1 C.This work highlights the potential of dual-ligand-modulated,ultrathin defective MOFs/carbon hybrids for high-rate,long-life Li-S batteries.展开更多
Aprotic Li-CO2batteries have attracted growing interest due to their high theoretical energy density and its ability to use green house gas CO2for energy storage.However,the poor ability of activating CO2in o...Aprotic Li-CO2batteries have attracted growing interest due to their high theoretical energy density and its ability to use green house gas CO2for energy storage.However,the poor ability of activating CO2in organic electrolyte often leads to the premature termination of CO2reduction reaction(CO2RR)directly.Here in this work,cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB)was introduced into a dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)based Li-CO2battery for the first time to enhance the CO2RR.Significantly improved electrochemical performances,including reduced discharge over-potential and increased discharge capacity,can be achieved with the addition of CTAB.Ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD)simulations show that quaternary ammonium group CTA+ can accelerate CO2reduction process by forming more stable contact ion pair(CIP)with CO2–,reducing the energy barrier for CO2RR,thus improving the CO2reduction process.In addition,adding CTA+ is also favorable for the solution-phase growth of discharge products because of the improved migration ability of stable CTA+-CO2– CIP in the electrolyte,which is beneficial for improving the utilization ratio of cathode.This work could facilitate the development of CO2RR by providing a novel understanding of CO2RR mechanism in organic system.展开更多
Network pharmacology is an interdisciplinary field that utilizes computer science, technology, and biological networks to investigate the intricate interplay among compounds/ingredients, targets, and diseases. Within ...Network pharmacology is an interdisciplinary field that utilizes computer science, technology, and biological networks to investigate the intricate interplay among compounds/ingredients, targets, and diseases. Within the realm of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), network pharmacology serves as a scientific approach to elucidate the compatibility relationships and underlying mechanisms of action in TCM formulas. It facilitates the identification of potential active ingredients within these formulas, providing a comprehensive understanding of their holistic and systematic nature, which aligns with the holistic principles inherent in TCM theory. TCM formulas exhibit complexity due to their multicomponent characteristic, involving diverse targets and pathways. Consequently, investigating their material basis and mechanisms becomes challenging. Network pharmacology has emerged as a valuable approach in TCM formula research, leveraging its holistic and systematic advantages. The manuscript aims to provide an overview of the application of network pharmacology in studying TCM formula compatibility rules and explore future research directions. Specifically, we focus on how network pharmacology aids in interpreting TCM pharmacological theories and understanding formula compositions.Additionally, we elucidate the process of utilizing network pharmacology to identify active ingredients within TCM formulas. These findings not only offer novel research models and perspectives for integrating network pharmacology with TCM theory but also present new methodologies for investigating TCM formula compatibility. All in all, network pharmacology has become an indispensable and crucial tool in advancing TCM formula research.展开更多
The surface of ZrO2 nanoparticles was modified with silane coupling agent KH-560 by dispersing the nanoparticles in 20#machine oil.The tribological performance of the 20#machine oil with ZrO2 nanoparticles was evaluat...The surface of ZrO2 nanoparticles was modified with silane coupling agent KH-560 by dispersing the nanoparticles in 20#machine oil.The tribological performance of the 20#machine oil with ZrO2 nanoparticles was evaluated by a four-ball tester and a thrust-ring machine.The loss of the thrust-ring weight was measured by an electronic balance with a precision of 0.0001 g.The worn surface was examined under a metallographic microscope with 400-times magnification.The results showed that the average friction coefficient decreased by 27.34%,and that the weight loss of the thrust-ring indicated no wear or negative wear,the wear loss after six loads tests being-0.0163 g.The anti-wear(AW)and reducing friction(RF)abilities of the oil with ZrO2 nanoparticles addition were considerably improved,maximizing at an additive concentration of 0.5 wt%.展开更多
Sluggish redox kinetics and the polysulfide shuttle effect hinder the commercialization of lithium–sulfur batteries.Herein,we report an in situ combination of BiOX(X=F,Cl,Br,and I)and rGO that forms an ultrathin laye...Sluggish redox kinetics and the polysulfide shuttle effect hinder the commercialization of lithium–sulfur batteries.Herein,we report an in situ combination of BiOX(X=F,Cl,Br,and I)and rGO that forms an ultrathin layered structure BiOXGO as a sulfur host.Polar BiOX,with alternating X−and[Bi2O22−]layers,strongly adsorbs lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)owing to the high electronegativity of X and O atoms,which reduces the electron density of Bi.This results in the empty orbitals of Bi providing more Lewis acid sites for accepting external electrons from LiPSs,thus accelerating the redox kinetics of sulfur.The BiOFGO-S cathode delivers a high capacity of 997 mA h g−1 over 400 cycles at 0.5 C.Even with a high sulfur loading of 9.1 mg cm-2 and an E/S ratio of 7.7μL mg−1,it retains a capacity of 628.8 mA h g−1 after 90 cycles at 0.1 C.In situ studies and DFT calculations reveal that BiOFGO promotes the SRR process and inhibits the polysulfide shuttle effect.This work elucidates the correlation between the electron cloud density of Bi in BiOX and the electrocatalytic performances of lithium–sulfur batteries and the underlying mechanisms,providing novel insights for designing high-performance sulfur host materials.展开更多
In this study,carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were utilized to address the challenges of inherent conductivity mismatch of CuCoO2catalysts.CNT-supported CuCoO2nanosheets(CCO/xCNT,x=25,50,and 75)w...In this study,carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were utilized to address the challenges of inherent conductivity mismatch of CuCoO2catalysts.CNT-supported CuCoO2nanosheets(CCO/xCNT,x=25,50,and 75)were successfully synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal method.The introduction of CNTs can reduce the thickness of CuCoO2to 25 nm due to the interaction between the CNTs and CuCoO2,change the electronic structure,and increase the O-Co bond length and oxygen vacancy(VO)concentration of CuCoO2.These microstructure modifications significantly enhance the binding affinity between CuCoO2and OH-.The OER measurements of CCO/xCNT(x=25,50,and 75)electrocatalysts reveal that adding 50 wt%CNTs into the sample(CCO/50CNT)yields the best catalytic performance,which shows a low overpotential of only 343 mV at 10 mA cm-2and a small Tafel slope of 65 mV dec-1.Additionally,CCO/50CNT also exhibits excellent structural and compositional stability.The density functional theory(DFT)calculations and pH dependence experiments show that the introduction of CNTs can generate VO,which initiates lattice oxygen and facilitates both the Adsorption Evolution Mechanism(AEM)and the Lattice Oxygen Mechanism(LOM)on the catalyst surface during the OER process.A simple and general strategy is used to modify the catalyst microstructure and influence its OER mechanism,which helps to improve the OER performance of delafossite type metal oxides and even bimetallic oxides.展开更多
RNAs and their assemblies can form diverse nano-structures and nano-shapes,offering various biological functions.However,by simply mimicking RNA sequences,DNAs cannot normally form the corresponding nanostructures,whi...RNAs and their assemblies can form diverse nano-structures and nano-shapes,offering various biological functions.However,by simply mimicking RNA sequences,DNAs cannot normally form the corresponding nanostructures,which makes the natureinspired transformations and designs challenging.To understand the possible designs and connections between related RNA and DNA nano-shapes,herein we have reported several DNA squares transformed and derived from an RNA assembled square,by gradually replacing RNA with DNA nucleotides.We have found that there were key RNA nucleotides:Their presences maintained the square,while their absences disrupted it.Interestingly,we have revealed that as long as the conditions of higher ionic strengths or longer duplexes were included,the square RNA assembly could be completely replaced with DNA nucleotides,still offering the stable DNA nano-shapes.Our experimental results have demonstrated that similar RNA nanostructure can be easily transformed into DNA ones via designing and increasing ionic strengths or duplex lengths.展开更多
Based on the drilling,logging and field analysis,this paper discusses the lithofacies paleogeography of the Ordovician and its petroleum potential in the Middle-Upper Yangtze Area,South China.Results show that Ordovic...Based on the drilling,logging and field analysis,this paper discusses the lithofacies paleogeography of the Ordovician and its petroleum potential in the Middle-Upper Yangtze Area,South China.Results show that Ordovician of the Middle-Upper Yangtze Region can be divided into Tongzi Formation,Honghuayuan Formation,Meitan Formation,Shizipu Formation,Pagoda Formation,Linxiang Formation and Wufeng Formation from bottom to top.During the Early Ordovician Tongzi Period and Honghuayuan Period(Tremadocian Stage),a carbonate rimmed platform developed in the study area with lots of grain shoals in Guangyuan-Weiyuan Areas and Lichuan-Tongzi Areas of Southeastern Sichuan Basin.To the Meitan Period(Floian and Dapingian and Early Darriwilian Stage),a mixed carbonate platform with clastic sedimentary rock deposition developed in study area.In Middle-late Ordovician Shizipu and Linxiang-Pagoda Period(Late Darriwilian and Hirnantian-Sandbian Stage),a carbonate ramp developed in Middle-Upper Yangtze Region.At the end of the Ordovician(Hirnantian Stage),Wufeng Formation deposited in a retention basin due to the restriction of peripheral uplift and paleo-land.Two sets of reservoir-source assemblages developed in the Ordovician,with three sets of source rocks developed in the study area.First,the lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation acted as the main source rock,and the hydrocarbon migrated upward to the Ordovician reservoir along the fault.Second,the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation acted as source rock,and hydrocarbon migrated to the Lower Ordovician along the karst crust and the fault.Third,the Lower Ordovician Meitan-Shizipu Formation acted as source rock,hydrocarbon can migrate upward to the upper Ordovician reservoir directly,which deserves exploration attention.展开更多
Dear Editor,Bladder cancer is the most common type of genitourinary cancer in China,with an estimated 80,500 new cases and 32,900 related deaths in 2015 alone(Chen et al.,2016).Unlike many other cancers,there has been...Dear Editor,Bladder cancer is the most common type of genitourinary cancer in China,with an estimated 80,500 new cases and 32,900 related deaths in 2015 alone(Chen et al.,2016).Unlike many other cancers,there has been no significant improvement in survival rates for bladder cancer over the last three decades.Specific treatment regimens for bladder cancer and their efficacy vary depending not only on clinical stages,but also on associated risk factors and other personal clinical characteristics.Patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)have a high 5-year recurrence rate of 60%-70%(Berdik,2017)and those with muscle invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)has a relatively poor prognosis with approximately 65%risk of death within 5-year follow-up(Kamat et al.,2016).Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop models for bladder cancer to screen for rational treatment strategies by personalized medicine to improve the clinical assessment and treatment of bladder cancer.展开更多
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation Project of China(U22B6002)Prospective Basic Technology Research Project of PetroChina(2021DJ0605)Major Science and Technology Project of PetroChina(No.2023ZZ02).
摘要The high-frequency cycles seen in the carbonates of the Cambrian Xiannüdong Formation in the Sichuan Basin commonly exhibit a certain coupling relationship with the development of grain shoals;this influences the accuracy of reservoir predictions and the selection of favorable zones for hydrocarbon.MATLAB-based wavelet transform technology is employed to analyze the characteristics of the high-frequency sequences in the Xiannüdong Formation,establish a sequence stratigraphic framework,and clarify their vertical and horizontal relationships with the development of grain shoals.The results indicate that using the Dmey wavelet for continuous wavelet transform of gamma ray(GR)curves effectively reflects regional sedimentary cycles.In the Xiannüdong Formation,we identified two third-order sequences,five fourth-order sequences,and ten fifth-order sequences,all of which exhibit a strong correlation with the one-dimensional wavelet curves derived from wavelet transformations.In the sequence stratigraphic framework,early deposition of the Xiannüdong Formation briefly inherited transgressive processes from the Qiongzhusi Formation,and subsequently underwent a long and frequently fluctuating regressive phase.This study elucidates the development characteristics of grain shoals during marine regressions,and identifies lithology primarily as oolitic limestone,oolitic dolostone,doloarenite,silty oolitic limestone,and silty oolitic dolostone.Longitudinally,grain shoals are primarily distributed in the SQ12,SQ21,and SQ22intervals,and are characterized by the interbedded development of thin and thick layers.They form predominantly during the regressive phase of fourth-order sequences.Planarly,they exhibit a belt-like distribution in the southwest-northeast direction.These findings provide novel insights for conducting high-frequency sequence stratigraphy studies utilizing logging data.They also possess practical implications for constructing high-precision sequence stratigraphic frameworks as well as for predicting the distribution of grain shoals within the study area.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12372133 and 12027901)supported by the Natural Science Foun-dation of Hunan Province(Grant No.2021JJ30085)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(Grant No.2021RC30306)Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance,Central South University(Grant No.Kfkt2021-01)the Fund of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body(Grant No.52175012).
摘要Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is a potential additive manufacturing process to manufacture Invar 36 alloy components with complicated geometry.Whereas it inevitably introduces specific microstructures and pore defects,which will further influence the mechanical properties.Hence,aiming at exploring the LPBF process-related microstructures and pore defects,and especially their influences on the damage mechanism and mechanical properties,Invar 36 alloy was manufactured by LPBF under designed different laser scanning speeds.The microstructure observations reveal that higher scanning speeds lead to equiaxed and short columnar grains with higher dislocation density,while lower scanning speeds result in elongated columnar grains with lower dislocation density.The pore defects analyzed by X-ray computed tomography(XCT)suggest that the high laser scanning speed gives rise to numerous lamellar and large lack-of-fusion(LOF)pores,and the excessively low laser scanning speed produces relatively small keyhole pores with high sphericity.Moreover,the insitu XCT tensile tests were originally performed to evaluate the damage evolution and failure mechanism.Specifically,high laser scanning speed causes brittle fracture due to the rapid growth and coalescence of initial lamellar LOF pores along the scan-ning direction.Low laser scanning speed induces ductile fracture originating from unstable depressions in the surfaces,while metallurgical and keyhole pores have little impact on damage evolution.Eventually,the process-structure-property correlation is established.The presence of high volume fraction of lamel-lar LOF pores,resulting from high scanning speed,leads to inferior yield strength and ductility.Besides,specimens without LOF pores exhibit larger grain sizes and lower dislocation density at decreased scanning speeds,slightly reducing yield strength while slightly enhancing ductility.This understanding lays the foundation for widespread applications of LPBF-processed Invar 36 alloy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21701145)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2017M610459,2018T110739)。
摘要Li-O2 batteries provide an attractive and potential strategy for energy conversion and storage with high specific energy densities.However,large over-potential in oxygen evolution reactions (OER) caused by the decomposition obstacles of Li2O2 seriously impedes its electrochemical performances.Herein,a novel N,O,S and F co-doping vesicular carbon was prepared by self-template pyrolysis method and used in LiO2 battery to tune the nucleation and decomposition of Li2O2.The introduction of F in the carbon matrix with suitable content can regulate the adsorption of intermediates,through which the morphology of Li2O2 can be controlled to film,favorable to its decomposition in charge process.The cathode based on the optimized F doped carbon vesicle exhibits improved electrochemical performances including a low over-potential,large capacity and a long-term stability.Density functional theory (DFT) results show that F and C in C–F bond hasve a strong interaction to Li and O in Li2O2,respectively,which can enhance the transfer of electrons from Li2O2 to the carbon matrix to generate hole polaron and thus accelerate the delithiation and decomposition of Li2O2.This work provides a new sight into understanding the mechanism of nucleation and decomposition of Li2O2 for the development of high-performance Li-O2 batteries.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21701145 and 21701146,21671176)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2017M610459 and 2018T110739)。
摘要Li-CO2 batteries provide an attractive and potential strategy for CO2 utilization as well as energy conversion and storage with high specific energy densities.However,the poor reversibility caused by the decomposition obstacles of Li2CO3 and C products is still a challenge for Li-CO2 batteries,which seriously influences its electrochemical performances.Herein,a free-standing MnOOH arrays cathode has been prepared and employed in Li-CO2 battery,which realizes a great improvement of electrochemical performances by adjusting the discharge products distribution.Experiments coupled with theoretical calculations verifies that the formation of Li-containing carbonaceous species(LiCO2,LiCO and Li2 CO3)bonded with MnOOH through Li ion regulates the nucleation behavior of Li2CO3 and C,making them grown on MnOOH uniformly.The fine Li2 CO3 grains(with a size about 5 nm)embedded into carbon matrix greatly enlarges the contact interface between them,facilitating the transmission of electrons through the discharge products and finally improves CO2 evolution activity.This ingenious design strategy of regulating discharge products distribution to improve electrochemical performances provides a promising way to develop advanced Li-CO2 batteries.
基金sponsored by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.252300420244)the Science and Technology Department of Henan Province(No.252102230073)+1 种基金Key Scientific Research Projects of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province Supported by the Program(No.25A150033)the Top-Notch Talents Program of Henan Agricultural University(No.30501035)。
摘要Redox sluggishness and polysulfide dissolution in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries arise from weak host with polysulfides interactions.Herein,ligand defects are controllably engineered within a two-dimensional(2D)Ni-based metal-organic frameworks(Ni-MOFs)that is epitaxially grown on rGO to afford ultrathin composite nanosheets.By precisely modulating the molar ratio of terephthalic acid to salicylic acid during solvothermal synthesis,a series of Ni-MOFsGO composites(denoted NPSGO)are obtained.The defective architecture simultaneously exposes a high density of open coordination sites and establishes continuous Li-ion diffusion pathways.Notably,NPS-3GO exhibits maximal long-chain lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)chemisorption as quantified(ultraviolet–visible(UV–vis))and fastest liquid–liquid and liquid–solid redox kinetics(symmetric-cell cyclic voltammograms(CV)and potentiostatic nucleation).When evaluated as a sulfur host in Li-S coin cells,the S@NPS-3GO cathode effectively suppresses polysulfide shuttling.Consequently,the NPS-3GO cathode delivers 1493.4 mAh·g-1at 0.1 C,683.6 mAh·g-1at 2 C and less than 0.049%capacity decay per cycle over 750 cycles at 1 C,even at 3.72 mg·cm-2and electrolyte/sulfur(E/S)ratio of 11.88μL·mg-1,it retains 1002.8 mAh·g-1at 0.1 C.This work highlights the potential of dual-ligand-modulated,ultrathin defective MOFs/carbon hybrids for high-rate,long-life Li-S batteries.
基金National Science Foundation of China(Nos.21701145 and 21701146)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2017M610459 and 2018T110739)。
摘要Aprotic Li-CO2batteries have attracted growing interest due to their high theoretical energy density and its ability to use green house gas CO2for energy storage.However,the poor ability of activating CO2in organic electrolyte often leads to the premature termination of CO2reduction reaction(CO2RR)directly.Here in this work,cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB)was introduced into a dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)based Li-CO2battery for the first time to enhance the CO2RR.Significantly improved electrochemical performances,including reduced discharge over-potential and increased discharge capacity,can be achieved with the addition of CTAB.Ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD)simulations show that quaternary ammonium group CTA+ can accelerate CO2reduction process by forming more stable contact ion pair(CIP)with CO2–,reducing the energy barrier for CO2RR,thus improving the CO2reduction process.In addition,adding CTA+ is also favorable for the solution-phase growth of discharge products because of the improved migration ability of stable CTA+-CO2– CIP in the electrolyte,which is beneficial for improving the utilization ratio of cathode.This work could facilitate the development of CO2RR by providing a novel understanding of CO2RR mechanism in organic system.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (No. 22ZR1462100)Shanghai Municipal Education Commission Collaborative Innovation Center, Clinical Evaluation Platform for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chinese Patent Medicine (No. A1-U21-205-902)+7 种基金Long Hua Hospital Research Projects (No. YM2021016 and RC-2020-02-04)Shanghai Sailing Program (No. 22YF1440300)Shanghai ‘‘Rising Stars of Medical Talents” Youth Development Program (Clinical Pharmacist Program), Shanghai Jiaotong University ‘‘Jiaotong University Star” Program (medical-engineering cross-research, No. YG2022QN015)Shanghai Flagship Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine [No. ZY(2021-2023)-0205-01]Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Colorectal Cancer Speciality Alliance [No. ZY(20212023)-0302]Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Project (No. 2020LZ007)Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Project of Shanghai Health Commission (No. 2022QN097)Demonstration-oriented Research Ward Construction Project of Shanghai Hospital Development Center (No. SHDC2022CRW006)。
摘要Network pharmacology is an interdisciplinary field that utilizes computer science, technology, and biological networks to investigate the intricate interplay among compounds/ingredients, targets, and diseases. Within the realm of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), network pharmacology serves as a scientific approach to elucidate the compatibility relationships and underlying mechanisms of action in TCM formulas. It facilitates the identification of potential active ingredients within these formulas, providing a comprehensive understanding of their holistic and systematic nature, which aligns with the holistic principles inherent in TCM theory. TCM formulas exhibit complexity due to their multicomponent characteristic, involving diverse targets and pathways. Consequently, investigating their material basis and mechanisms becomes challenging. Network pharmacology has emerged as a valuable approach in TCM formula research, leveraging its holistic and systematic advantages. The manuscript aims to provide an overview of the application of network pharmacology in studying TCM formula compatibility rules and explore future research directions. Specifically, we focus on how network pharmacology aids in interpreting TCM pharmacological theories and understanding formula compositions.Additionally, we elucidate the process of utilizing network pharmacology to identify active ingredients within TCM formulas. These findings not only offer novel research models and perspectives for integrating network pharmacology with TCM theory but also present new methodologies for investigating TCM formula compatibility. All in all, network pharmacology has become an indispensable and crucial tool in advancing TCM formula research.
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural SCcience Foundation of China(50572034)
摘要The surface of ZrO2 nanoparticles was modified with silane coupling agent KH-560 by dispersing the nanoparticles in 20#machine oil.The tribological performance of the 20#machine oil with ZrO2 nanoparticles was evaluated by a four-ball tester and a thrust-ring machine.The loss of the thrust-ring weight was measured by an electronic balance with a precision of 0.0001 g.The worn surface was examined under a metallographic microscope with 400-times magnification.The results showed that the average friction coefficient decreased by 27.34%,and that the weight loss of the thrust-ring indicated no wear or negative wear,the wear loss after six loads tests being-0.0163 g.The anti-wear(AW)and reducing friction(RF)abilities of the oil with ZrO2 nanoparticles addition were considerably improved,maximizing at an additive concentration of 0.5 wt%.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21373189)the Science and Technology Department of Henan Province(No.242102240001)+1 种基金the Fund of Longzihu New Energy Laboratory(No.LZGLH2023011)the Top-Notch Talents Program of Henan Agricultural University(No.30501035).
摘要Sluggish redox kinetics and the polysulfide shuttle effect hinder the commercialization of lithium–sulfur batteries.Herein,we report an in situ combination of BiOX(X=F,Cl,Br,and I)and rGO that forms an ultrathin layered structure BiOXGO as a sulfur host.Polar BiOX,with alternating X−and[Bi2O22−]layers,strongly adsorbs lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)owing to the high electronegativity of X and O atoms,which reduces the electron density of Bi.This results in the empty orbitals of Bi providing more Lewis acid sites for accepting external electrons from LiPSs,thus accelerating the redox kinetics of sulfur.The BiOFGO-S cathode delivers a high capacity of 997 mA h g−1 over 400 cycles at 0.5 C.Even with a high sulfur loading of 9.1 mg cm-2 and an E/S ratio of 7.7μL mg−1,it retains a capacity of 628.8 mA h g−1 after 90 cycles at 0.1 C.In situ studies and DFT calculations reveal that BiOFGO promotes the SRR process and inhibits the polysulfide shuttle effect.This work elucidates the correlation between the electron cloud density of Bi in BiOX and the electrocatalytic performances of lithium–sulfur batteries and the underlying mechanisms,providing novel insights for designing high-performance sulfur host materials.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.2023AFB085)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:2024III012JL)the National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students in Wuhan University of Technology(Grant No.S202310497028)for the financial support.
摘要In this study,carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes(CNTs)were utilized to address the challenges of inherent conductivity mismatch of CuCoO2catalysts.CNT-supported CuCoO2nanosheets(CCO/xCNT,x=25,50,and 75)were successfully synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal method.The introduction of CNTs can reduce the thickness of CuCoO2to 25 nm due to the interaction between the CNTs and CuCoO2,change the electronic structure,and increase the O-Co bond length and oxygen vacancy(VO)concentration of CuCoO2.These microstructure modifications significantly enhance the binding affinity between CuCoO2and OH-.The OER measurements of CCO/xCNT(x=25,50,and 75)electrocatalysts reveal that adding 50 wt%CNTs into the sample(CCO/50CNT)yields the best catalytic performance,which shows a low overpotential of only 343 mV at 10 mA cm-2and a small Tafel slope of 65 mV dec-1.Additionally,CCO/50CNT also exhibits excellent structural and compositional stability.The density functional theory(DFT)calculations and pH dependence experiments show that the introduction of CNTs can generate VO,which initiates lattice oxygen and facilitates both the Adsorption Evolution Mechanism(AEM)and the Lattice Oxygen Mechanism(LOM)on the catalyst surface during the OER process.A simple and general strategy is used to modify the catalyst microstructure and influence its OER mechanism,which helps to improve the OER performance of delafossite type metal oxides and even bimetallic oxides.
基金Cryo-EM images were collected at SKLB West China Cryo-EM Center in Sichuan UniversityThis work has been financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22077089)Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program(No.2022YFSY0013).
摘要RNAs and their assemblies can form diverse nano-structures and nano-shapes,offering various biological functions.However,by simply mimicking RNA sequences,DNAs cannot normally form the corresponding nanostructures,which makes the natureinspired transformations and designs challenging.To understand the possible designs and connections between related RNA and DNA nano-shapes,herein we have reported several DNA squares transformed and derived from an RNA assembled square,by gradually replacing RNA with DNA nucleotides.We have found that there were key RNA nucleotides:Their presences maintained the square,while their absences disrupted it.Interestingly,we have revealed that as long as the conditions of higher ionic strengths or longer duplexes were included,the square RNA assembly could be completely replaced with DNA nucleotides,still offering the stable DNA nano-shapes.Our experimental results have demonstrated that similar RNA nanostructure can be easily transformed into DNA ones via designing and increasing ionic strengths or duplex lengths.
基金supported by the scientific research and tech-nology development project of CNPC"Research on Marine Car-bonate Reservoir Formation Theory and Exploration Technology"(No:2021Dj0501)major project of Southwest Oil and gas field exploration"Research on Caledonian Tectonic-lithofacies Paleo-geography and Prototype Basin Restoration in Sichuan Basin and adjacent Areas"(No:XNS-Nh2020-011).
摘要Based on the drilling,logging and field analysis,this paper discusses the lithofacies paleogeography of the Ordovician and its petroleum potential in the Middle-Upper Yangtze Area,South China.Results show that Ordovician of the Middle-Upper Yangtze Region can be divided into Tongzi Formation,Honghuayuan Formation,Meitan Formation,Shizipu Formation,Pagoda Formation,Linxiang Formation and Wufeng Formation from bottom to top.During the Early Ordovician Tongzi Period and Honghuayuan Period(Tremadocian Stage),a carbonate rimmed platform developed in the study area with lots of grain shoals in Guangyuan-Weiyuan Areas and Lichuan-Tongzi Areas of Southeastern Sichuan Basin.To the Meitan Period(Floian and Dapingian and Early Darriwilian Stage),a mixed carbonate platform with clastic sedimentary rock deposition developed in study area.In Middle-late Ordovician Shizipu and Linxiang-Pagoda Period(Late Darriwilian and Hirnantian-Sandbian Stage),a carbonate ramp developed in Middle-Upper Yangtze Region.At the end of the Ordovician(Hirnantian Stage),Wufeng Formation deposited in a retention basin due to the restriction of peripheral uplift and paleo-land.Two sets of reservoir-source assemblages developed in the Ordovician,with three sets of source rocks developed in the study area.First,the lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation acted as the main source rock,and the hydrocarbon migrated upward to the Ordovician reservoir along the fault.Second,the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation acted as source rock,and hydrocarbon migrated to the Lower Ordovician along the karst crust and the fault.Third,the Lower Ordovician Meitan-Shizipu Formation acted as source rock,hydrocarbon can migrate upward to the upper Ordovician reservoir directly,which deserves exploration attention.
基金The work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31270830 and 21572038)Shanghai Association for Science and Technology(Grant No.17401930400)and Development Fund for Shanghai Talents.
摘要Dear Editor,Bladder cancer is the most common type of genitourinary cancer in China,with an estimated 80,500 new cases and 32,900 related deaths in 2015 alone(Chen et al.,2016).Unlike many other cancers,there has been no significant improvement in survival rates for bladder cancer over the last three decades.Specific treatment regimens for bladder cancer and their efficacy vary depending not only on clinical stages,but also on associated risk factors and other personal clinical characteristics.Patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)have a high 5-year recurrence rate of 60%-70%(Berdik,2017)and those with muscle invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)has a relatively poor prognosis with approximately 65%risk of death within 5-year follow-up(Kamat et al.,2016).Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop models for bladder cancer to screen for rational treatment strategies by personalized medicine to improve the clinical assessment and treatment of bladder cancer.