Using a constant feed rate in the complex tool path machining can easily cause sudden changes in cutting force load and fluctuations,reducing the machining efficiency and machining surface quality.To address this prob...Using a constant feed rate in the complex tool path machining can easily cause sudden changes in cutting force load and fluctuations,reducing the machining efficiency and machining surface quality.To address this problem,this paper proposes an offline optimization method for the milling feed rate based on the constant cutting force prediction model.Firstly,the change of two-dimensional equivalent load(effective depth of cut) in the machining process because of the complexity of the tool-path trajectory was analyzed,and the cutting force surface model comprising three parameters of effective depth of cut,feed rate and average cutting force was constructed by experiments,and the feed rate change model based on the constant cutting force was got by taking the maximum cutting force during machining at constant feed rate as the limit cutting force constraint.Based on the Z-Map model and the feed speed regulation model,the feed speed of each tool point is calculated;the feed speed is initially optimized according to the surface roughness constraints and the machine acceleration constraints,and then the feed speed is optimized in stages based on the size of the engagement angle at each tool point.Finally,the machining examples were experimentally verified.The results show that the proposed optimization method can control the cutting force fluctuation within a constant range,significantly shorten the machining time and improve the surface quality of the machined workpiece,which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Aviation stringer parts usually serve as the important load-bearing and connecting parts,which are widely used in aviation equipment.In the process of blank forming and transportation,the stringer parts are easy to oc...Aviation stringer parts usually serve as the important load-bearing and connecting parts,which are widely used in aviation equipment.In the process of blank forming and transportation,the stringer parts are easy to occur irregular deformation due to low rigidity feature.In order to ensure the machining accuracy,deformation adjustment by fixtures becomes a key process step before CNC machining.In order to solve the problems of deformation adjustment clamping,the rapid flexible clamping technology with intelligent adjustment ability is developed for a kind of typical aviation stringer parts.Firstly,the process of parts deformation correction is analyzed,and the basic mechanism of clamping and deformation correction is given out.On this basis,a modular intelligent fixture is designed by finite element simulation optimization.The fixture can meet the flexible clamping requirements of stringer parts by increasing or decreasing the arrayed fixture units.Then an intelligent self-adjusting clamping control method based on the fuzzy-PID control theory is proposed,which can realize rapid clamping and deformation correction of aviation stringer parts.Finally,a set of intelligent fixture system is developed and tested.The experiment results prove the effectiveness of the fixture design and self-adjusting clamping control method.Compared with the original fixture,the developed fixture system greatly reduces the labor intensity and improves the clamping efficiency by about 5 times.This research proposes a fixture design and control method for aviation stringer parts,which can realize rapid clamping correction of parts.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the characteristics of bone conduction(BC)threshold changes after stapedotomy in patients with otosclerosis,and to explore the clinical significance and implications for the evaluation of surgical...Objective:To analyze the characteristics of bone conduction(BC)threshold changes after stapedotomy in patients with otosclerosis,and to explore the clinical significance and implications for the evaluation of surgical outcomes.Methods:It is a retrospective,single-center study.A total of 97 ears from patients with otosclerosis who underwent endoscopic stapedotomy(footplate fenestration with titanium piston implantation)between November 2015 and February 2025 were included.Pure tone audiometry(PTA)was performed preoperatively,and at 1 month and 6 months postoperatively.Air conduction(AC)thresholds were tested at 125-8000 Hz,and bone conduction(BC)thresholds at 250-4000 Hz.Pre-and postoperative changes in BC thresholds,AC thresholds,and air-bone gap(ABG)were documented,and the results were compared with findings from other studies.Results:The average postoperative BC threshold across 250-4000 Hz showed significant improvement,with a mean gain of 7.5 dB(Z=-6.343,p<0.001).At individual frequencies,improvements were significant at 250,500,1000,2000 Hz,with the most notable gain at 250 Hz(10 dB),followed by 500 Hz,1000 Hz,and 2000 Hz(5 dB gain each)(all p<0.001).No statistically significant improvement of BC threshold was observed at 4000 Hz(Z=-0.368,p=0.713).AC thresholds also showed significant improvements across all tested frequencies(125-4000 Hz)(all p<0.001),with a mean gain of 19 dB;the greatest improvement was observed at 1000 Hz(30 dB).Although the average ABG narrowed by 13 dB,the degree of closure underestimates the actual hearing improvement,as it fails to account for concurrent BC enhancement.Compared with those of other studies,the study cohort demonstrated more pronounced BC improvements.Conclusion:Stapedotomy not only effectively restores AC hearing but also significantly improves BC thresholds.This improvement in BC thresholds may be attributed to the restoration of bone conduction mechanisms following stape-dotomy.Traditional evaluation methods for surgical outcomes that rely solely on ABG closure tend to underestimate overall surgical efficacy.For clinical implementation,we suggest a multidimensional framework can be applied by simultaneously evaluating postoperative air conduction gain,bone conduction gain,and air-bone gap closure at each frequency,rather than relying on ABG closure alone.展开更多
Different types of lightning air terminals have been designed over the years.Concern regarding the effect of different types of air terminals,especially the early streamer emission(ESE)-type,remains controversial.This...Different types of lightning air terminals have been designed over the years.Concern regarding the effect of different types of air terminals,especially the early streamer emission(ESE)-type,remains controversial.This paper describes the discharge characteristics of different types of air terminals,two of which are quite similar to the ESE-type dynasphere,and concludes that the tested non-standard air terminals have discharge characteristics similar to those of Franklin rods and that their lightning protection performance should be similar.展开更多
Typhoons can cause large-area blackouts or partial outages of distribution networks.We define a partial outage state in the distribution network as a gray state and propose a gray-start strategy and two-stage distribu...Typhoons can cause large-area blackouts or partial outages of distribution networks.We define a partial outage state in the distribution network as a gray state and propose a gray-start strategy and two-stage distribution network emergency recovery framework.A phase-space reconstruction and stacked integrated model for predicting wind and photovoltaic generation during typhoon disasters is proposed in the first stage.This provides guidance for second-stage post-disaster emergency recovery scheduling.The emergency recovery scheduling model is established in the second stage,and this model is supported by a thermal power-generating unit,mobile emergency generators,and distributed generators.Distributed generation includes wind power generation,photovoltaics,fuel cells,etc.Simultaneously,we con-sider the gray-start based on the pumped storage unit to be an important first step in the emergency recovery strategy.This model is val-idated on the improved IEEE 33 node system,which utilizes data from the 2022 super typhoon“Muifa”in Zhoushan,Zhejiang,China.Simulations indicate the superiority of a gray start with a pumped storage unit and the proposed emergency recovery strategy.展开更多
Programming tutorials serve a crucial role in teaching coding and programming techniques.Creating high-quality programming tutorials remains a laborious task.Authors devote effort to writing step-by-step solutions,cre...Programming tutorials serve a crucial role in teaching coding and programming techniques.Creating high-quality programming tutorials remains a laborious task.Authors devote effort to writing step-by-step solutions,creating examples,and editing existing tutorials.We explore the potential of using the text-code connection to improve the authoring experience of programming tutorials.We proposed a mixed-initiative approach to infer,establish,and maintain the latent text-code connections.With a series of interactions,the STEP-LINK(STEP-by-Step Tutorial Editing with Programmable LINKages)prototype leverages text-code connections to assist users in authoring tutorials.The results of our experiment demonstrate the effectiveness of our system in supporting users in the authoring of step-by-step code explanations,the creation of examples,and the iteration of tutorials.展开更多
The repair joints of high-voltage cables play a significant role in the urgent cable main-tenance,by recovering cable conductor,insulation,shielding layer and waterproof layer especially for submarine cables.However,t...The repair joints of high-voltage cables play a significant role in the urgent cable main-tenance,by recovering cable conductor,insulation,shielding layer and waterproof layer especially for submarine cables.However,the molecule diffusion and permeation pro-cesses from waterproof sealant into the cable joint insulation occur,leading to the insulation ageing and deterioration.In this article,the molecule diffusion behaviours of six typical molecules from the asphalt-based and polyurethane-based waterproof sealants into silicone rubber insulation are investigated.The results show that the order of diffusion coefficients is as follows,phenanthrene>fluoranthene>pyrene>benzo[k]fluoranthene>indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene>polyurethane(PU).The relative molecular mass and binding energy are pivotal factors affecting the diffusion behaviour,while there is a linear relationship between the logarithm of the diffusion coefficient and the ratio of binding energy to relative molecular mass.Besides,the rising ambient temperature in-creases the fraction of free volume of silicone rubber and decreases the binding energy,thus resulting in a higher diffusion coefficient and an enhanced permeation process of the asphalt-based sealant.In summary,the PU-based waterproof sealant,with a much lower permeability than the asphalt-based material,has a potential application in the waterproof layer for high-voltage submarine cable repair joints.展开更多
Dear Editor,O-GIcNAcylation is a nutrient sensor that is particularly sensitive to environmental glucose(Hardiville and Hart,2014).Glucose can be converted to UDP-GIcNAc through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway,pro...Dear Editor,O-GIcNAcylation is a nutrient sensor that is particularly sensitive to environmental glucose(Hardiville and Hart,2014).Glucose can be converted to UDP-GIcNAc through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway,providing a substrate for O-GIcNAcylation.Two enzymes participate in this reversible modification,O-GIcNAc transferase(OGT),which adds a single GIcNAc residue to the serinehreonine sites of proteins,and O-GIcNAcase(OGA),which removes the residue(Yang and Qian,2017).展开更多
Carbohydrate metabolism disorders(CMDs),such as diabetes,galactosemia,and mannosidosis,cause ciliopathy-like multiorgan defects.However,the mechanistic link of cilia to CMD complications is still poorly understood.Her...Carbohydrate metabolism disorders(CMDs),such as diabetes,galactosemia,and mannosidosis,cause ciliopathy-like multiorgan defects.However,the mechanistic link of cilia to CMD complications is still poorly understood.Herein,we describe significant cilium disassembly upon treatment of cells with pathologically relevant aldoses rather than the corresponding sugar alcohols.Moreover,environmental aldehydes are able to trigger cilium disassembly by the steric hindrance effect of their formyl groups.Mechanistic studies reveal that aldehydes stimulate extracellular calcium influx across the plasma membrane,which subsequently activates the calmodulin-Aurora A-histone deacetylase 6 pathway to deacetylate axonemal microtubules and triggers cilium disassembly.In vivo experiments further show that Hdac6 knockout mice are resistant to aldehyde-induced disassembly of tracheal cilia and sperm flagella.These findings reveal a previously unrecognized role for formyl group-mediated cilium disassembly in the complications of CMDs.展开更多
Low-rank tensor completion(LRTC)restores missing elements in multidimensional visual data;the challenge is representing the inherent structures within this data.Typical methods either suffer from inefficiency owing to...Low-rank tensor completion(LRTC)restores missing elements in multidimensional visual data;the challenge is representing the inherent structures within this data.Typical methods either suffer from inefficiency owing to the combination of multiple regularizers or perform suboptimally using inappropriate priors.In this study,we further investigated LRTC using tensor singular value decomposition(t-SVD).Inspired by the tensor-tensor product(t-product),we proposed a unified transformed t-SVD method that employs an invertible linear transform with a unitary transform matrix.However,the t-SVD-based framework lacks the flexibility necessary to represent different inherent relations along the tensor modes.To address this issue,we propose a tensor represented by a series of multidimensional unfolding tensors to fully explore the hidden structure of the original data.Furthermore,the proposed model can be solved efficiently using the alternate-direction method of the multiplier(ADMM)approach.Extensive experimental results on multidimensional visual data(multispectral images,hyperspectral images,and videos)demonstrated the superiority of the proposed method over other state-of-the-art LRTC-related methods.展开更多
During the overall processing of thin-walled parts(TWPs),the guaranteed capability of the machining process and quality is determined by fixtures.Therefore,reliable fixtures suitable for the structure and machining pr...During the overall processing of thin-walled parts(TWPs),the guaranteed capability of the machining process and quality is determined by fixtures.Therefore,reliable fixtures suitable for the structure and machining process of TWP are essential.In this review,the key role of fixtures in the manufacturing system is initially discussed.The main problems in machining and workholding due to the characteristics of TWP are then analyzed in detail.Afterward,the definition of TWP fixtures is reinterpreted from narrow and broad perspectives.Fixture functions corresponding to the issues of machining and workholding are then clearly stated.Fixture categories are classified systematically according to previous research achievements,and the operation mode,functional characteristics,and structure of each fixture are comprehensively described.The function and execution mode of TWP fixtures are then systematically summarized and analyzed,and the functions of various TWP fixtures are evaluated.Some directions for future research on TWP fixtures technology are also proposed.The main purpose of this review is to provide some reference and guidance for scholars to examine TWP fixtures.展开更多
Endothelial cilia are microtubule-based hair-like protrusions in the lumen of blood vessels that function as fluid mechanosensors to regulate vascular hemodynamics. However, the functions of endothelial cilia in vascu...Endothelial cilia are microtubule-based hair-like protrusions in the lumen of blood vessels that function as fluid mechanosensors to regulate vascular hemodynamics. However, the functions of endothelial cilia in vascular development remain controversial. In this study, depletion of several key proteins responsible for ciliogenesis allows us to identify a cilium-independent role for intraflagellar transport 88(IFT88) in mammalian angiogenesis. Disruption of primary cilia by heat shock does not affect the angiogenic process. However, depletion of IFT88 significantly inhibits angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. IFT88 mediates angiogenesis by regulating the migration, polarization, proliferation, and oriented division of vascular endothelial cells. Further mechanistic studies demonstrate that IFT88 interacts with c-tubulin and microtubule plus-end tracking proteins and promotes microtubule stability. Our findings indicate that IFT88 regulates angiogenesis through its actions in microtubule-based cellular processes, independent of its role in ciliogenesis.展开更多
In this paper, we study the large time behaviour of the solution of the Fokker-Planck equation with general potential. For the long range potential, we prove the polynomial decay estimate in time of the solution. For ...In this paper, we study the large time behaviour of the solution of the Fokker-Planck equation with general potential. For the long range potential, we prove the polynomial decay estimate in time of the solution. For the slowly growing potential, we prove the sub-exponential convergence of the solution toward the equilibrium.展开更多
Continuum robots,which are characterized by high length-to-diameter ratios and flexible structures,show great potential for various applications in confined and irregular environments.Due to the combination of motion ...Continuum robots,which are characterized by high length-to-diameter ratios and flexible structures,show great potential for various applications in confined and irregular environments.Due to the combination of motion modes,the existence of multiple solutions,and the presence of complex obstacle constraints,motion planning for these robots is highly challenging.To tackle the challenges of online and flexible operation for continuum robots,we propose a flexible head-following motion planning method that is suitable for scalable and bendable continuum robots.Firstly,we establish a piecewise constant curvature(PCC)kinematic model for scalable and bendable continuum robots.The article proposes an adaptive auxiliary points model and a method for updating key nodes in head-following motion to enhance the precise tracking capability for paths with different curvatures.Additionally,the article integrates the strategy for adjusting the posture of local joints of the robot into the head-following motion planning method,which is beneficial for achieving safe obstacle avoidance in local areas.The article concludes by presenting the results of multiple sets of motion simulation experiments and prototype experiments.The study demonstrates that the algorithm presented in this paper effectively navigates and adjusts posture to avoid obstacles,meeting the real-time demands of online operations.The average time for a single-step solution is 4.41×10-5 s,and the average tracking accuracy forcircular paths is 7.8928mm.展开更多
由于云的时空尺度非常宽广,云微物理参数化方案一直是气候模式中的薄弱环节.本文借鉴中尺度模式云微物理方案从双参数向三参数扩展的思路方法,发展了联合地球系统模式(Community Integrated Earth System Model,CIESM)三参数冰相云微物...由于云的时空尺度非常宽广,云微物理参数化方案一直是气候模式中的薄弱环节.本文借鉴中尺度模式云微物理方案从双参数向三参数扩展的思路方法,发展了联合地球系统模式(Community Integrated Earth System Model,CIESM)三参数冰相云微物理方案,弥补了默认双参数方案不能预报冰晶粒径分布谱形参数(μ)的不足,进而分析了双、三参数方案对气候模拟的影响.模拟结果表明,相较于双参数方案(μ为0),三参数方案预报得出的μ更为合理,其在垂直分布上整体呈现出“高层小低层大”的特点,高层的低值主要是由于冰晶核化以及较大的冰晶粒子沉降后粒子之间相互混合导致的,而低层的高值主要是由于冰晶粒子在沉降过程中的粒子分选机制导致的.与双、三参数方案中μ的差异相呼应,模式模拟的气候平均态出现明显差异,其中三参数方案模拟的总云云量、低云云量、中云云量和总降水相较于双参数方案更接近观测结果,高云云量的误差增大.其中总降水的改进主要是由于高云云量的增加,大气稳定度增加,对流性降水减少.此外,还调整了相关参数,以改善模式对辐射的模拟能力.总之,本文在全球气候模式中评估了双、三参数方案对于模拟气候平均态的不同影响,为气候模式中云微物理方案的发展改进提供了一定的参考意义.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.U20B2033)Changjiang Scholar Program of Chinese Ministry of Education (Grant Nos.TE2022037,Q2021053)Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of Dalian (Grant No.2023JJ11CG003)。
摘要Using a constant feed rate in the complex tool path machining can easily cause sudden changes in cutting force load and fluctuations,reducing the machining efficiency and machining surface quality.To address this problem,this paper proposes an offline optimization method for the milling feed rate based on the constant cutting force prediction model.Firstly,the change of two-dimensional equivalent load(effective depth of cut) in the machining process because of the complexity of the tool-path trajectory was analyzed,and the cutting force surface model comprising three parameters of effective depth of cut,feed rate and average cutting force was constructed by experiments,and the feed rate change model based on the constant cutting force was got by taking the maximum cutting force during machining at constant feed rate as the limit cutting force constraint.Based on the Z-Map model and the feed speed regulation model,the feed speed of each tool point is calculated;the feed speed is initially optimized according to the surface roughness constraints and the machine acceleration constraints,and then the feed speed is optimized in stages based on the size of the engagement angle at each tool point.Finally,the machining examples were experimentally verified.The results show that the proposed optimization method can control the cutting force fluctuation within a constant range,significantly shorten the machining time and improve the surface quality of the machined workpiece,which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52475006)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant No.DUT25LAB113)。
摘要Aviation stringer parts usually serve as the important load-bearing and connecting parts,which are widely used in aviation equipment.In the process of blank forming and transportation,the stringer parts are easy to occur irregular deformation due to low rigidity feature.In order to ensure the machining accuracy,deformation adjustment by fixtures becomes a key process step before CNC machining.In order to solve the problems of deformation adjustment clamping,the rapid flexible clamping technology with intelligent adjustment ability is developed for a kind of typical aviation stringer parts.Firstly,the process of parts deformation correction is analyzed,and the basic mechanism of clamping and deformation correction is given out.On this basis,a modular intelligent fixture is designed by finite element simulation optimization.The fixture can meet the flexible clamping requirements of stringer parts by increasing or decreasing the arrayed fixture units.Then an intelligent self-adjusting clamping control method based on the fuzzy-PID control theory is proposed,which can realize rapid clamping and deformation correction of aviation stringer parts.Finally,a set of intelligent fixture system is developed and tested.The experiment results prove the effectiveness of the fixture design and self-adjusting clamping control method.Compared with the original fixture,the developed fixture system greatly reduces the labor intensity and improves the clamping efficiency by about 5 times.This research proposes a fixture design and control method for aviation stringer parts,which can realize rapid clamping correction of parts.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Plan of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(no.22Y11902200)to W.W。
摘要Objective:To analyze the characteristics of bone conduction(BC)threshold changes after stapedotomy in patients with otosclerosis,and to explore the clinical significance and implications for the evaluation of surgical outcomes.Methods:It is a retrospective,single-center study.A total of 97 ears from patients with otosclerosis who underwent endoscopic stapedotomy(footplate fenestration with titanium piston implantation)between November 2015 and February 2025 were included.Pure tone audiometry(PTA)was performed preoperatively,and at 1 month and 6 months postoperatively.Air conduction(AC)thresholds were tested at 125-8000 Hz,and bone conduction(BC)thresholds at 250-4000 Hz.Pre-and postoperative changes in BC thresholds,AC thresholds,and air-bone gap(ABG)were documented,and the results were compared with findings from other studies.Results:The average postoperative BC threshold across 250-4000 Hz showed significant improvement,with a mean gain of 7.5 dB(Z=-6.343,p<0.001).At individual frequencies,improvements were significant at 250,500,1000,2000 Hz,with the most notable gain at 250 Hz(10 dB),followed by 500 Hz,1000 Hz,and 2000 Hz(5 dB gain each)(all p<0.001).No statistically significant improvement of BC threshold was observed at 4000 Hz(Z=-0.368,p=0.713).AC thresholds also showed significant improvements across all tested frequencies(125-4000 Hz)(all p<0.001),with a mean gain of 19 dB;the greatest improvement was observed at 1000 Hz(30 dB).Although the average ABG narrowed by 13 dB,the degree of closure underestimates the actual hearing improvement,as it fails to account for concurrent BC enhancement.Compared with those of other studies,the study cohort demonstrated more pronounced BC improvements.Conclusion:Stapedotomy not only effectively restores AC hearing but also significantly improves BC thresholds.This improvement in BC thresholds may be attributed to the restoration of bone conduction mechanisms following stape-dotomy.Traditional evaluation methods for surgical outcomes that rely solely on ABG closure tend to underestimate overall surgical efficacy.For clinical implementation,we suggest a multidimensional framework can be applied by simultaneously evaluating postoperative air conduction gain,bone conduction gain,and air-bone gap closure at each frequency,rather than relying on ABG closure alone.
基金partly supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51577098)the State Grid Corporation of China,and China Southern Power Grid
摘要Different types of lightning air terminals have been designed over the years.Concern regarding the effect of different types of air terminals,especially the early streamer emission(ESE)-type,remains controversial.This paper describes the discharge characteristics of different types of air terminals,two of which are quite similar to the ESE-type dynasphere,and concludes that the tested non-standard air terminals have discharge characteristics similar to those of Franklin rods and that their lightning protection performance should be similar.
基金supported in part by the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(52177110)Key Pro-gram of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22B20106,U2142206)+2 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20210324131409026)the Science and Technology Project of the State Grid Corpo-ration of China(5200-202319382A-2-3-XG)State Grid Zhejiang Elctric Power Co.,Ltd.Science and Tech-nology Project(B311DS24001A).
摘要Typhoons can cause large-area blackouts or partial outages of distribution networks.We define a partial outage state in the distribution network as a gray state and propose a gray-start strategy and two-stage distribution network emergency recovery framework.A phase-space reconstruction and stacked integrated model for predicting wind and photovoltaic generation during typhoon disasters is proposed in the first stage.This provides guidance for second-stage post-disaster emergency recovery scheduling.The emergency recovery scheduling model is established in the second stage,and this model is supported by a thermal power-generating unit,mobile emergency generators,and distributed generators.Distributed generation includes wind power generation,photovoltaics,fuel cells,etc.Simultaneously,we con-sider the gray-start based on the pumped storage unit to be an important first step in the emergency recovery strategy.This model is val-idated on the improved IEEE 33 node system,which utilizes data from the 2022 super typhoon“Muifa”in Zhoushan,Zhejiang,China.Simulations indicate the superiority of a gray start with a pumped storage unit and the proposed emergency recovery strategy.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62132017,No.62302435)"Pioneer"and"Leading Goose"R&D Program of Zhejiang,China(No.2024C01167)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LD24F020011)。
摘要Programming tutorials serve a crucial role in teaching coding and programming techniques.Creating high-quality programming tutorials remains a laborious task.Authors devote effort to writing step-by-step solutions,creating examples,and editing existing tutorials.We explore the potential of using the text-code connection to improve the authoring experience of programming tutorials.We proposed a mixed-initiative approach to infer,establish,and maintain the latent text-code connections.With a series of interactions,the STEP-LINK(STEP-by-Step Tutorial Editing with Programmable LINKages)prototype leverages text-code connections to assist users in authoring tutorials.The results of our experiment demonstrate the effectiveness of our system in supporting users in the authoring of step-by-step code explanations,the creation of examples,and the iteration of tutorials.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:51707133National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2016YFB0900701。
摘要The repair joints of high-voltage cables play a significant role in the urgent cable main-tenance,by recovering cable conductor,insulation,shielding layer and waterproof layer especially for submarine cables.However,the molecule diffusion and permeation pro-cesses from waterproof sealant into the cable joint insulation occur,leading to the insulation ageing and deterioration.In this article,the molecule diffusion behaviours of six typical molecules from the asphalt-based and polyurethane-based waterproof sealants into silicone rubber insulation are investigated.The results show that the order of diffusion coefficients is as follows,phenanthrene>fluoranthene>pyrene>benzo[k]fluoranthene>indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene>polyurethane(PU).The relative molecular mass and binding energy are pivotal factors affecting the diffusion behaviour,while there is a linear relationship between the logarithm of the diffusion coefficient and the ratio of binding energy to relative molecular mass.Besides,the rising ambient temperature in-creases the fraction of free volume of silicone rubber and decreases the binding energy,thus resulting in a higher diffusion coefficient and an enhanced permeation process of the asphalt-based sealant.In summary,the PU-based waterproof sealant,with a much lower permeability than the asphalt-based material,has a potential application in the waterproof layer for high-voltage submarine cable repair joints.
基金We thank Dr.Wen Ning for providing the Ube-Cre-ERT2 mice.This work was supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0503502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31991193).Fan Yu,Te Li。Yanchao Sui,Qingxia Chen,Song Yang,Jia Yang,Renjie Hong,Dengwen they have no conflict of interest.All institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals were fllowed.Li,Xiumin Yan,Wei Zhao,Xueliang Zhu,and Jun Zhou declare that。
摘要Dear Editor,O-GIcNAcylation is a nutrient sensor that is particularly sensitive to environmental glucose(Hardiville and Hart,2014).Glucose can be converted to UDP-GIcNAc through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway,providing a substrate for O-GIcNAcylation.Two enzymes participate in this reversible modification,O-GIcNAc transferase(OGT),which adds a single GIcNAc residue to the serinehreonine sites of proteins,and O-GIcNAcase(OGA),which removes the residue(Yang and Qian,2017).
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31991193 and 32230025)the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA1101001).
摘要Carbohydrate metabolism disorders(CMDs),such as diabetes,galactosemia,and mannosidosis,cause ciliopathy-like multiorgan defects.However,the mechanistic link of cilia to CMD complications is still poorly understood.Herein,we describe significant cilium disassembly upon treatment of cells with pathologically relevant aldoses rather than the corresponding sugar alcohols.Moreover,environmental aldehydes are able to trigger cilium disassembly by the steric hindrance effect of their formyl groups.Mechanistic studies reveal that aldehydes stimulate extracellular calcium influx across the plasma membrane,which subsequently activates the calmodulin-Aurora A-histone deacetylase 6 pathway to deacetylate axonemal microtubules and triggers cilium disassembly.In vivo experiments further show that Hdac6 knockout mice are resistant to aldehyde-induced disassembly of tracheal cilia and sperm flagella.These findings reveal a previously unrecognized role for formyl group-mediated cilium disassembly in the complications of CMDs.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Lab Key Research Project(No.G2021NB0AL03)Zhejiang Lab Youth Foundation Project(No.K2023NB0AA03).
摘要Low-rank tensor completion(LRTC)restores missing elements in multidimensional visual data;the challenge is representing the inherent structures within this data.Typical methods either suffer from inefficiency owing to the combination of multiple regularizers or perform suboptimally using inappropriate priors.In this study,we further investigated LRTC using tensor singular value decomposition(t-SVD).Inspired by the tensor-tensor product(t-product),we proposed a unified transformed t-SVD method that employs an invertible linear transform with a unitary transform matrix.However,the t-SVD-based framework lacks the flexibility necessary to represent different inherent relations along the tensor modes.To address this issue,we propose a tensor represented by a series of multidimensional unfolding tensors to fully explore the hidden structure of the original data.Furthermore,the proposed model can be solved efficiently using the alternate-direction method of the multiplier(ADMM)approach.Extensive experimental results on multidimensional visual data(multispectral images,hyperspectral images,and videos)demonstrated the superiority of the proposed method over other state-of-the-art LRTC-related methods.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U20B2033,51975093)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning,China(Grant No.2020-YQ-09)。
摘要During the overall processing of thin-walled parts(TWPs),the guaranteed capability of the machining process and quality is determined by fixtures.Therefore,reliable fixtures suitable for the structure and machining process of TWP are essential.In this review,the key role of fixtures in the manufacturing system is initially discussed.The main problems in machining and workholding due to the characteristics of TWP are then analyzed in detail.Afterward,the definition of TWP fixtures is reinterpreted from narrow and broad perspectives.Fixture functions corresponding to the issues of machining and workholding are then clearly stated.Fixture categories are classified systematically according to previous research achievements,and the operation mode,functional characteristics,and structure of each fixture are comprehensively described.The function and execution mode of TWP fixtures are then systematically summarized and analyzed,and the functions of various TWP fixtures are evaluated.Some directions for future research on TWP fixtures technology are also proposed.The main purpose of this review is to provide some reference and guidance for scholars to examine TWP fixtures.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0503502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730050,31871347,and 31900502)。
摘要Endothelial cilia are microtubule-based hair-like protrusions in the lumen of blood vessels that function as fluid mechanosensors to regulate vascular hemodynamics. However, the functions of endothelial cilia in vascular development remain controversial. In this study, depletion of several key proteins responsible for ciliogenesis allows us to identify a cilium-independent role for intraflagellar transport 88(IFT88) in mammalian angiogenesis. Disruption of primary cilia by heat shock does not affect the angiogenic process. However, depletion of IFT88 significantly inhibits angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. IFT88 mediates angiogenesis by regulating the migration, polarization, proliferation, and oriented division of vascular endothelial cells. Further mechanistic studies demonstrate that IFT88 interacts with c-tubulin and microtubule plus-end tracking proteins and promotes microtubule stability. Our findings indicate that IFT88 regulates angiogenesis through its actions in microtubule-based cellular processes, independent of its role in ciliogenesis.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11421101)
摘要In this paper, we study the large time behaviour of the solution of the Fokker-Planck equation with general potential. For the long range potential, we prove the polynomial decay estimate in time of the solution. For the slowly growing potential, we prove the sub-exponential convergence of the solution toward the equilibrium.
基金supported in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(DUT22GF301).
摘要Continuum robots,which are characterized by high length-to-diameter ratios and flexible structures,show great potential for various applications in confined and irregular environments.Due to the combination of motion modes,the existence of multiple solutions,and the presence of complex obstacle constraints,motion planning for these robots is highly challenging.To tackle the challenges of online and flexible operation for continuum robots,we propose a flexible head-following motion planning method that is suitable for scalable and bendable continuum robots.Firstly,we establish a piecewise constant curvature(PCC)kinematic model for scalable and bendable continuum robots.The article proposes an adaptive auxiliary points model and a method for updating key nodes in head-following motion to enhance the precise tracking capability for paths with different curvatures.Additionally,the article integrates the strategy for adjusting the posture of local joints of the robot into the head-following motion planning method,which is beneficial for achieving safe obstacle avoidance in local areas.The article concludes by presenting the results of multiple sets of motion simulation experiments and prototype experiments.The study demonstrates that the algorithm presented in this paper effectively navigates and adjusts posture to avoid obstacles,meeting the real-time demands of online operations.The average time for a single-step solution is 4.41×10-5 s,and the average tracking accuracy forcircular paths is 7.8928mm.
摘要由于云的时空尺度非常宽广,云微物理参数化方案一直是气候模式中的薄弱环节.本文借鉴中尺度模式云微物理方案从双参数向三参数扩展的思路方法,发展了联合地球系统模式(Community Integrated Earth System Model,CIESM)三参数冰相云微物理方案,弥补了默认双参数方案不能预报冰晶粒径分布谱形参数(μ)的不足,进而分析了双、三参数方案对气候模拟的影响.模拟结果表明,相较于双参数方案(μ为0),三参数方案预报得出的μ更为合理,其在垂直分布上整体呈现出“高层小低层大”的特点,高层的低值主要是由于冰晶核化以及较大的冰晶粒子沉降后粒子之间相互混合导致的,而低层的高值主要是由于冰晶粒子在沉降过程中的粒子分选机制导致的.与双、三参数方案中μ的差异相呼应,模式模拟的气候平均态出现明显差异,其中三参数方案模拟的总云云量、低云云量、中云云量和总降水相较于双参数方案更接近观测结果,高云云量的误差增大.其中总降水的改进主要是由于高云云量的增加,大气稳定度增加,对流性降水减少.此外,还调整了相关参数,以改善模式对辐射的模拟能力.总之,本文在全球气候模式中评估了双、三参数方案对于模拟气候平均态的不同影响,为气候模式中云微物理方案的发展改进提供了一定的参考意义.