The electromagnetic wave absorption of silicon carbide nanowires is improved by their uniform and diverse cross-structures.This study introduces a sustainable and high value-added method for synthesizing silicon carbi...The electromagnetic wave absorption of silicon carbide nanowires is improved by their uniform and diverse cross-structures.This study introduces a sustainable and high value-added method for synthesizing silicon carbide nanowires using lignite and waste silicon powder as raw materials through carbothermal reduction.The staggered structure of nanowires promotes the creation of interfacial polarization,impedance matching,and multiple loss mechanisms,leading to enhanced electromagnetic absorption performance.The silicon carbide nanowires demonstrate outstanding electromagnetic absorption capabilities with the minimum reflection loss of-48.09 d B at10.08 GHz and an effective absorption bandwidth(the reflection loss less than-10 d B)ranging from 8.54 to 16.68 GHz with a thickness of 2.17 mm.This research presents an innovative approach for utilizing solid waste in an environmentally friendly manner to produce broadband silicon carbide composite absorbers.展开更多
Multispectral compatible stealth of high-value targets has intrigued long-standing interest in response to the rapid development of multispectral detection technologies,and a series of ingenious metasurfaces profiting...Multispectral compatible stealth of high-value targets has intrigued long-standing interest in response to the rapid development of multispectral detection technologies,and a series of ingenious metasurfaces profiting from the exotic electromagnetic(EM)property has provided exceptional platforms for realizing multispectral compatible stealth.Nevertheless,most existing multispectral compatible stealth metasurfaces still suffer from the drawback of immutable stealth performance,which tremendously hinders their practical application in various complex scenarios.Herein,an inspiring strategy of the programmable coding metasurface(PCM)with a thickness of approximately 0.1λ0is proposed to fulfill dynamic microwave manipulation,low infrared radiation,and high optical transparency.Owing to continuous amplitude dynamic modulation and 1-bit phase dynamic modulation implemented by adjusting the PIN diodes of well-designed meta-atoms,the proposed PCMis capable of independently and dynamically controlling the absorption intensity and scattering direction of EM waves in broad bandwidth.Simultaneously,the average infrared emissivity of the PCM can be reduced to about 0.25 from 3 to 14μm,attributed to the low infrared radiation of the surface indium-tin-oxide(ITO)structures,and the optical transparency can reach 65.9%at 565 nm due to the design of the copper mesh structure and the selection of the transparent dielectric substrate.Multitudinous simulations and experiments of the proof-of-concept prototype are in accordance with theoretical predictions and corroborate the effectiveness of our methodology.This remarkable paradigm of the PCM shows unprecedented intelligence and integration in multispectral compatible stealth and may also find potential applications in communication,imaging,and other intelligent metadevices.展开更多
Polymer surface modification constitutes a pivotal strategy for enhancing the efficacy of nanomedicine delivery,where intentional modifications(e.g.,PEGylation,hyaluronic acid coating)are designed to optimize nanocarr...Polymer surface modification constitutes a pivotal strategy for enhancing the efficacy of nanomedicine delivery,where intentional modifications(e.g.,PEGylation,hyaluronic acid coating)are designed to optimize nanocarrier performance.However,conventional approaches remain constrained by the impermeable stratum corneum in transdermal applications.Dissolving microneedles(DMNs)circumvent this barrier by creating transient microchannels,thereby offering an innovative route for cutaneous nanocarriers administration.Nevertheless,the DMN polymeric matrix may unintentionally alter the physicochemical attributes of loaded nanocarriers via non-covalent interactions,giving rise to a distinct“polymer modification effect”(PME)that differs from purposeful surface engineering.Such unintended interfacial phenomena can modulate nanocarrier characteristics and,consequently,dictate their in vivo fate,including release kinetics,biodistribution,clearance,cellular uptake,and other interactions with the biological system.Herein,we review documented cases of DMN polymer-nanocarrier modifications,elucidate the underlying mechanisms and implications of PME,and propose rational strategies for its precise regulation.This conceptual framework is expected to guide the rational design of next-generation nanocarrier-loaded DMN delivery systems.展开更多
The protein corona formation has been reported to influence the liposomes’behavioral performance in vivo.Accordingly,the effect of physiologically relevant inorganic ion pairs(sodium chloride,sodium sulfate,magnesium...The protein corona formation has been reported to influence the liposomes’behavioral performance in vivo.Accordingly,the effect of physiologically relevant inorganic ion pairs(sodium chloride,sodium sulfate,magnesium chloride,and magnesium sulfate)was investigated.Bovine serum albumin(BSA)was selected as the model protein.Parameters including particle size and zeta potential were assessed,while various spectroscopic techniques were utilized to elucidate the changes in BSA during its interaction with liposomes.The particle size and light intensity distribution changes indicated that the introduction of inorganic pairs,especially the metal cations,could significantly influence both the adsorption of BSA and the aggregation of particles.Furthermore,spectral characterization elucidated that BSA exhibited more extended peptide chains with enhanced exposure to hydrophobic acid amino residues upon adding ion pairs.Electrostatic adsorption and chelation insertion were proposed as metal ion binding modes and the corresponding BSA corona formation.In the electrostatic adsorption mode,sodium ions can enhance the electrostatic interactions,facilitating the“connection”between BSA and liposomes.Magnesium ions can induce stronger hydrophobic interactions through chelation,effectively“drag”BSA segments into the lipid bilayer.This work highlighted important physiological factors for protein-liposome interaction and provided rational model constructions to lay the foundation for further relevant studies.展开更多
Color as an indispensable element in our life brings vitality to us and enriches our lifestyles through decorations,indicators,and information carriers.Structural color offers an intriguing strategy to achieve novel f...Color as an indispensable element in our life brings vitality to us and enriches our lifestyles through decorations,indicators,and information carriers.Structural color offers an intriguing strategy to achieve novel functions and endows color with additional levels of significance in anti-counterfeiting,display,sensor,and printing.Furthermore,structural colors possess excellent properties,such as resistance to extreme external conditions,high brightness,saturation,and purity.Devices and platforms based on structural color have significantly changed our life and are becoming increasingly important.Here,we reviewed four typical applications of structural color and analyzed their advantages and shortcomings.First,a series of mechanisms and fabrication methods are briefly summarized and compared.Subsequently,recent progress of structural color and its applications were discussed in detail.For each application field,we classified them into several types in terms of their functions and properties.Finally,we analyzed recent emerging technologies and their potential for integration into structural color devices,as well as the corresponding challenges.展开更多
The new energy vehicle body composed of multi-metals requires a synchronous chemical conversion coating to exhibit excellent corrosion resistance.Herein,we prepared a titanium/zirconium/water-based oligomeric epoxy si...The new energy vehicle body composed of multi-metals requires a synchronous chemical conversion coating to exhibit excellent corrosion resistance.Herein,we prepared a titanium/zirconium/water-based oligomeric epoxy silane composite chemical conversion coating on multi-metals,and conducted an investigation into its electrochemical behavior and micro-zone structural characteristics upon immersion in a 3.5%NaCl solution.The electrochemical results combined with characterization results revealed that the corrosion evolution characteristics of the composite coatings could be categorized into three stages of mild corrosion,synergistic protection,and substrate damage.Besides,Si-OH groups interact with Me-OH at the defect on the multi-metal surface to form an organic monolayer coating.This organic monolayer coating,in conjunction with the synergistic inorganic conversion layer comprising Al2O3,TiO2,2H2O,ZrO2,2H2O,effectively cooperates with the corrosion products to hinder the erosion by the corrosive medium and suppresses the progression of the anodic reaction.展开更多
The design and manufacturing of microchannels are crucial aspects of modern microanomanufacturing processes,offering a versatile platform for manipulating and driving microanoparticles or cells.In this study,we propos...The design and manufacturing of microchannels are crucial aspects of modern microanomanufacturing processes,offering a versatile platform for manipulating and driving microanoparticles or cells.In this study,we propose a method for manufacturing microchannels using optically induced dielectrophoresis technology to induce the polymerization of polyethylene glycol diacrylate solution.To overcome limitations related to the light intensity energy and the size of intact microchannels,we design and manufacture microstructures of various shapes with a height of 4µm.Additionally,we simulate and analyze the movement of and forces acting on polystyrene(PS)microspheres at different spatial positions within the microchannels.Finally,we successfully demonstrate applications involving the transport of PS microspheres in custom-fabricated microchannels.This novel biocompatible microchannel manufacturing method is simple and non-biotoxic.It provides a new approach for simulating physiological environments in vitro and cultivating and manipulating cells.展开更多
Microbially induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)is an eco-friendly soil improvement technique.However,this method still has some drawbacks,such as low conversion efficiency of CaCO3 crystallization,insufficient st...Microbially induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)is an eco-friendly soil improvement technique.However,this method still has some drawbacks,such as low conversion efficiency of CaCO3 crystallization,insufficient strength for certain applications,and requiring multiple treatments.Previous studies have re-ported that sticky rice can regulate CaCO3 crystals(i.e.,chemical CaCO3)in the sticky rice-lime mortar,showing potential for improving the bio-cementation.Therefore,this study explored the possibility of using sticky rice to enhance the biocementation effect.Tests were carried out to assess the strength and perme-ability of bio-cemented sand with the inclusion of sticky rice.The results indicated that sticky rice may regulate the type and size of bio-CaCO3 crystals,and the use of an appropriate amount of sticky rice as additive could increase the strength of sand columns by regulating CaCO3 crystallization.Polyhedral calcites may be more favourable for the increasing strength than some vaterites with a hollow spherical structure.The combination of MICP and sticky rice can significantly decrease the coefficient of permeability to a value that was much lower than that by using sticky rice and MICP alone.Bio-CaCO3 immobilized the sticky rice on one end on sand particles,and the reticulated structure of sticky rice divided large pores into small pores,which may be the important cause of the decrease in permeability coefficient.Finally,this study proposed that the MICP with the sticky rice as an additive may enhance the MICP effect and prevent the surface erosion of coarse-grained sand slopes.展开更多
Drug toxicity is closely related to both clinical drug safety and new drug development.Therefore,it is vital to understand the mechanisms of drug toxicity fully and to use appropriate research models with advanced tec...Drug toxicity is closely related to both clinical drug safety and new drug development.Therefore,it is vital to understand the mechanisms of drug toxicity fully and to use appropriate research models with advanced technologies.Zebrafish has become an important vertebrate animal model for high-throughput drug screening and toxicity assessment.At the same time,zebrafish has an intact biological complexity,reflecting the whole organism's toxicity,which gives it an advantage over other high-throughput models in toxicity studies.Despite the gradual increase in toxicity studies utilizing zebrafish,a comprehensive and systematic review of the underlying mechanisms and new techniques is still lacking.This review aims to analyze common toxicity mechanisms in zebrafish models,such as oxidative stress,endoplasmic reticulum stress,inflammation,and apoptosis,and macroscopic changes in biological processes like lipid metabolism disorders and neurotransmitter expression abnormalities.It also introduces new technologies applied in toxicity assessment,such as gene editing,novel fluorescence imaging technology,3D imaging technology,and novel automated technology for high-throughput screening,such as fish capsules.In addition,it also summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the model.By doing so,it will provide new suggestions for the development and improvement of the model,make it better serve the toxicity study of clinical drugs and provide a more comprehensive perspective for drug toxicity study,thus promoting the development of the field of drug toxicity study.展开更多
Microbial induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)and enzyme induced carbonate precipitation(EICP)processes can be affected by many factors.The influence of magnesium on the MICP and EICP based soil improvement was studi...Microbial induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)and enzyme induced carbonate precipitation(EICP)processes can be affected by many factors.The influence of magnesium on the MICP and EICP based soil improvement was studied in this paper across different scales ranging from micro,pore to macro.Results obtained from microfluidic chip tests indicate that the presence of a little amount of Mg ions in the cementation solution can reduce the bacterial cell coagulation and promote a more uniform distribution of crystals in the reaction channel.Aqueous phase tests were performed by controlling the concentration of calcium(Ca)to magnesium(Mg)ratio to vary from 1.00:0 to 0:1.00.The results show that magnesium could delay the precipitation process and increase the quantity of the precipitates.As the magnesium content increases,the crystal morphology of precipitates changes from calcite to Mg-calcite,vaterite,rosette and nesquehonite.Cementation effect in the Ca-rich group is superior to that in the Mgrich group.In terms of unconfined compressive strength of the treated sand,the contribution of Mg is much less significant in Mg-rich groups.The performance of the sand treated with both MICP and EICP based methods under the presence of Mg was evaluated and discussed.All samples exhibited strength improvement after biotreatments.Among all the four groups,the EICP 1-phase group with Ca:Mg of 0.90:0.10 and 0.75:0.25 exhibited the largest strengths of 4.5 MPa and 4.7 MPa,respectively.展开更多
To enhance boron doping efficiency and reduce metal impurities in diamonds,selecting an appropriate metal solvent is essential for producing p-type diamonds using the high-pressure high-temperature(HPHT)method.This pa...To enhance boron doping efficiency and reduce metal impurities in diamonds,selecting an appropriate metal solvent is essential for producing p-type diamonds using the high-pressure high-temperature(HPHT)method.This paper presents a detailed study of the properties and characteristics of boron-doped diamond(BDD)single crystals grown using FeNi and FeCo solvents through the HPHT method.The results indicate that,with the same TiB2addition ratio,BDD crystals grown using FeCo solvent have a higher concentration of uncompensated boron ions,resulting in improved boron doping efficiency.Additionally,by growing BDD in the same synthesis environment(FeCo-3 wt%TiB2)using(111)and(100)seed crystals as growth surfaces,it was found that the boron content in the crystal grown from the(100)seed crystal was higher than that in the crystal grown from the(111)seed crystal.Additionally,the crystals grown with the FeCo solvent contained fewer metal elements(Fe and Co)compared to those produced with the FeNi solvent(Fe and Ni),which supported the growth of high-quality BDD single crystals.This indicated that the choice of growth planes significantly influences the incorporation of boron in diamonds.Our findings hold significant research value for the development of high-quality p-type diamond semiconductors using the HPHT method.展开更多
底栖动物是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分,在调控海洋生态系统的物质循环和能量流动过程中扮演了关键角色。腹足类动物通过捕食与被捕食行为调控着底栖生态系统的稳定性,研究腹足类生物的食性有助于我们理解这一调控过程。香螺(Neptunea c...底栖动物是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分,在调控海洋生态系统的物质循环和能量流动过程中扮演了关键角色。腹足类动物通过捕食与被捕食行为调控着底栖生态系统的稳定性,研究腹足类生物的食性有助于我们理解这一调控过程。香螺(Neptunea cumingii)是我国北方海域一种重要的腹足类动物,具备极高的生态价值和经济价值。但是,我们对其食性组成及生态功能的了解并不透彻。因此,有必要探明自然条件下香螺现场食物组成,提升对腹足类动物在我国北方海域底栖生态系统中所起调控作用的认识。本研究借助4份野生香螺胃含物样品,以18Sr DNAV4区和V9区为标靶,利用DNA宏条形码技术对其胃含物真核生物进行分析。结果显示,在4个样品中,18S rDNA V4区和V9区共分别获得265,161条和221,998条高质量序列,分别占各自原始序列的93.16%和86.54%,分别注释到141个和490个OTUs;虽然18SrDNAV4区获得的优质序列数及占比均更高,但其注释到的物种数比18Sr DNAV9区偏少。两个可变区所有OTUs分属17个门类,包括动物界10门、真菌界5门、植物界1门,以及SAR超类群,包括不等鞭毛生物(Stramenopiles)、囊泡虫(Alveolates)和有孔虫(Rhizaria);在纲水平上,腹足纲、辅鳍鱼纲、吸虫纲和色矛纲相对丰度在两个可变区中均排名前十;在OTU水平上,两个可变区中3个以上样品中均有检出的物种仅分别占5.67%和8.08%,且其共同属于软体动物门、脊椎动物亚门、子囊菌门及SAR超类群。总体上,18S r DNA V4区和V9区两段DNA条形码分析结果显示,香螺胃含物中真核生物种类丰富,包括动物(如环节动物、节肢动物、软体动物)、真菌、植物和原生生物,其中最丰富的类群是腹足类、鱼类、吸虫和真菌。在多个样本中只检测到一小部分共有OTUs,这表明不同香螺摄食种类多变。结果表明,香螺现场食性是一种机会主义捕食者,动物尸体及海底沉积物可能是香螺自然状态下主要食物来源,但同时其具备一定的清理附着生物潜能及植食性能力,饵料可驯化性较强。其饵料组成受生存微环境影响较大,具备一定的饵料驯化潜力。研究结果为深入了解香螺在海洋生态系统中的作用提供了数据支持,并为香螺人工养殖饵料配比研究提供了新见解。展开更多
Water atomized pure iron powder was compacted by high velocity compaction (HVC) with and without upper relaxation assist (URA) device. The influence of URA device on green density, spring back, green strength and ...Water atomized pure iron powder was compacted by high velocity compaction (HVC) with and without upper relaxation assist (URA) device. The influence of URA device on green density, spring back, green strength and hardness was studied. Morphological characteristics of the samples were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Green strength of the samples was measured by computer controlled universal testing machine. The results show that as stroke length increases, the green density, green strength and hardness of the compacts increase gradually. At the identical stroke length, the green density of the compacts pressed with URA devise was 2% higher than the compacts pressed without URA device. The green strength and hardness of the compacts pressed with URA device were higher than the compacts pressed without URA device. Furthermore, the radial spring back of the compacts decreased gradually with the increment in stroke length, whilst that of compacts prepared with URA device was lower.展开更多
Nanoscale metal organic frameworks(NMOFs)have been widely reported in biomedical field for their unique porous structure and tunable multifunctionality.However,when administrated in vivo,the protein corona will be for...Nanoscale metal organic frameworks(NMOFs)have been widely reported in biomedical field for their unique porous structure and tunable multifunctionality.However,when administrated in vivo,the protein corona will be formed on the surface of NMOFs,significantly affecting their biodistribution,pharmacokinetics and drug release.Few studies paid attention to the protein corona formation process and its influencing factors of NMOFs.As a well-established strategy for altering structure features of NMOFs,the organic ligand modification may have effect on the protein corona formation process,which is to be investigated.In this study,the zirconium(Zr)-based UIO66 was chosen as model NMOFs,the organic ligand of which was modified with amino group(-NH2)or carboxyl group(-COOH)to synthesize UIO66-NH2and UIO66-2COOH,respectively.Bovine serum albumin(BSA)was chosen as model protein to investigate the protein corona formation process of NMOFs.The current results showed that the-COOH modification remarkably enhanced the BSA adsorption on NMOFs while-NH2slightly decreased the protein binding affinity.These differences may be ascribed to the two different dominate protein corona formation modes,i.e.,surface coating mode and porous embedded mode.The protein corona formation did not affect the crystal phase of NMOFs but increased the content ofα-helix of BSA.Ultimately,upon protein corona formation,the cellular uptake of NMOFs was significantly affected.We believe our study will provide a new research paradigm to the design and applications of NMOFs.展开更多
The immune response after implantation is a primary determinant of the tissue-repair effects of threedimensional(3D)-printed scaffolds.Thus,scaffolds that can subtly regulate immune responses may display extraordinary...The immune response after implantation is a primary determinant of the tissue-repair effects of threedimensional(3D)-printed scaffolds.Thus,scaffolds that can subtly regulate immune responses may display extraordinary functions.Inspired by the angiogenesis promotion effect of humoral immune response,we covalently combined mesoporous silica micro rod(MSR)/polyethyleneimine(PEI)/ovalbumin(OVA)self-assembled vaccines with 3D-printed calcium phosphate cement(CPC)scaffolds for local antigen-specific immune response activation.With the response activated,antigen-specific CD4+T helper2(Th2)cells can be recruited to promote early angiogenesis.The silicon(Si)ions from MSRs can accelerate osteogenesis,with an adequate blood supply being provided.At room temperature,scaffolds with uniformly interconnected macropores were printed using a self-setting CPC-based printing paste,which promoted the uniform dispersion and structural preservation of functional polysaccharides oxidized hyaluronic acid(OHA)inside.Sustained release of OVA was achieved with MSR/PEI covalently attached to scaffolds rich in aldehyde groups as the vaccine carrier.The vaccine-loaded scaffolds effectively recruited and activated dendritic cells(DCs)for antigen presentation and promoted the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)in vitro.When embedded subcutaneously in vivo,the vaccine-loaded scaffolds increased the proportion of Th2 cells in the spleen and locally recruited antigenspecific T cells to promote angiogenesis in and around the scaffold.Furthermore,the result in a rat skull defect-repair model indicated that the antigen-specific vaccine-loaded scaffolds promoted the regeneration of vascularized bone.This method may provide a novel concept for patient-specific implant design for angiogenesis promotion.展开更多
One-step synthesis of 2-propylheptanol(2-PH)from n-pentanal via a reaction integration of n-pentanal self-condensation and successive hydrogenation is of great significance for it can simplify process flow and reduce ...One-step synthesis of 2-propylheptanol(2-PH)from n-pentanal via a reaction integration of n-pentanal self-condensation and successive hydrogenation is of great significance for it can simplify process flow and reduce energy consumption.The key to promotion of 2-PH selectivity is to enhance the competitiveness of n-pentanal self-condensation with respect to its direct hydrogenation.For this purpose,a core–shell structured Ni/SiO2@TiO2 catalyst was designed and prepared.With the precise architecture of this core–shell structured catalyst,n-pentanal can be firstly in contact with TiO2 to 2-propyl-2-heptenal(2-PHEA)while the direct hydrogenation to n-pentanol can be effectively inhibited,and then 2-PHEA diffuses into the core of Ni/SiO2 and is hydrogenated to 2-PH.The spatial threshold of the core–shell catalyst significantly enhanced its catalytic performance;a 2-PH selectivity of 77.9%was reached with a 100%npentanal conversion.The 2-PH selectivity is much higher than that obtained by employing Ni/TiO2 catalyst.Furthermore,the reaction kinetics of one-step synthesis of 2-PH from n-pentanal catalyzed by Ni/SiO2@TiO2 was studied and its kinetic model was established which is useful for reactor design and scale-up.展开更多
Researching the cooperative operation and functional expansion of multiple minirobot assemblies has the potential to bring about significant advancements in the practical applications of minirobots.In this study,we pr...Researching the cooperative operation and functional expansion of multiple minirobot assemblies has the potential to bring about significant advancements in the practical applications of minirobots.In this study,we present a novel assembly sys-tem comprised of arc-shaped NdFeB magnetic minirobots.These minirobots can be individually utilized as assembly units,allowing for function expansion and comprehensive capability enhancement.We fabricate four Semicircular Arc Magnetic Minirobots(SAMM)arranged in different configurations and analyze their force and motion characteristics.Furthermore,by using this unit as a base,various expansion structures such as latches,petals,and rings can be assembled through reason-able combinations.We define the comprehensive reinforcement interval by comparatively analyzing changes in the unit's motion characteristics and operational capabilities.Precise motion manipulation is employed to verify the rationality of the basic unit structure and the feasibility of the assembly scheme.Our proposed self-assembly scheme for magnetic minirobots exhibits great potential and may be used as a paradigm for future research on expanding the functionality of minirobots.展开更多
Background:Ferroptosis has been widely investigated as an emerging drug target,while its combination with nanoscience provides bourgeoning application prospects.The development of ferroptosis regulating nanomedicines ...Background:Ferroptosis has been widely investigated as an emerging drug target,while its combination with nanoscience provides bourgeoning application prospects.The development of ferroptosis regulating nanomedicines have attracted worldwide attentions in recent years.It would be meaningful to describe the relevant publication paradigm.Methods:Herein,a bibliometric analysis was performed using the database of Web of Science Core Collection to clarify the publication paradigm.The development of related publications in the last 6 years was described,and the revolutionary trends were figured out.Ultimately,the possible future exploration directions were proposed.Results:The bibliometric analysis of 327 documents of interest indicated that the main research focus was in multiple fields including Materials science,Science&technology,Chemistry,and Pharmacology&pharmacy.With widely cooperation and strong funding,the researchers from Chinese organizations contributed most of publications,followed with United States and Australia.Cocitation analysis revealed that several original papers reported the key molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis were considered as the foundation for subsequent studies,and some nanomedicines-related documents were taken as examples and discussed.Mining results showed that the mechanism evaluation of ferroptosis regulation therapy for cancer treatment was the hotspot.Then,several possible future explorations of ferroptosisrelated nanoscience were presented and discussed.Conclusions:The bibliometric profile of nanoscience‐ferroptosis research was analyzed in detail.We believe that the bibliometric analysis could act as a robust method for explicating the publication paradigm as a certain field.展开更多
With the rapid advancement of nanotechnology,nanocarriers for drug delivery have created promising prospects for efficient drug administration and precise disease therapy.However,only a limited number of these nanocar...With the rapid advancement of nanotechnology,nanocarriers for drug delivery have created promising prospects for efficient drug administration and precise disease therapy.However,only a limited number of these nanocarriers were successfully processed into the clinic or market[1].The unclear fate of these nanocarriers when administrated in vivo is believed to be the one to blame.When nanocarriers are administrated in vivo,they will encounter complicated environmental factors including biomacromolecules,diversified p H,functional immune cells and hydromechanical forces,which might make the tracking of nanocarriers unpredictable.展开更多
In this work,a non-toxic and environmentally friendly aqueous-solution-based method has been adopted to prepare gadolinium-doped hafnium oxide(HfO2) gate dielectric thin films.By adjusting the gadolinium(Gd) doping co...In this work,a non-toxic and environmentally friendly aqueous-solution-based method has been adopted to prepare gadolinium-doped hafnium oxide(HfO2) gate dielectric thin films.By adjusting the gadolinium(Gd) doping concentration,the oxygen vacancy content,band offset,interface trap density,and dielectric constant of HfGdOx(HGO) thin films have been optimized.Results have confirmed that HGO thin films with Gd doping ratio of 15 at.% have demonstrated appropriate dielectric constant of 27.1 and lower leakage current density of 5.8×10-9 A cm-2.Amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide(α-IGZO) thin film transistors(TFTs) based on HGO thin film(Gd:15 at.%) as gate dielectric layer have exhibited excellent electrical performance,such as larger saturated carrier mobility(μsat) of 20.1 cm2 V-1 S-1,high on/off current ratio(Ion/Ioff) of ~108,smaller sub-threshold swing(SS) of 0.07 V decade-1,and a negligible threshold voltage shift(ΔVTH) of 0.08 V under positive bias stress(PBS) for 7200 s.To confirm its potential application in logic circuit,a resistor-loaded inverter based on HGO/α-IGZO TFTs has been constructed.A high voltage gain of 19.8 and stable full swing characteristics have been detected.As a result,it can be concluded that aqueous-solution-driven HGO dielectrics have potential application in high resolution flat panel displays and ultra-large-scale integrated logic circuits.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52436008)the Inner Mongolia Science and Technology Projects,China(Nos.JMRHZX20210003 and 2023YFCY0009)+3 种基金the Huaneng Group Co Ltd.,China(No.HNKJ23-H50)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22408044)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M761877)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.SQ2024YFD2200039)。
摘要The electromagnetic wave absorption of silicon carbide nanowires is improved by their uniform and diverse cross-structures.This study introduces a sustainable and high value-added method for synthesizing silicon carbide nanowires using lignite and waste silicon powder as raw materials through carbothermal reduction.The staggered structure of nanowires promotes the creation of interfacial polarization,impedance matching,and multiple loss mechanisms,leading to enhanced electromagnetic absorption performance.The silicon carbide nanowires demonstrate outstanding electromagnetic absorption capabilities with the minimum reflection loss of-48.09 d B at10.08 GHz and an effective absorption bandwidth(the reflection loss less than-10 d B)ranging from 8.54 to 16.68 GHz with a thickness of 2.17 mm.This research presents an innovative approach for utilizing solid waste in an environmentally friendly manner to produce broadband silicon carbide composite absorbers.
基金Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2025JC-YBQN-797,2025JC-YBQN-665)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62501628)+2 种基金Young Talent Fund of Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi(20240129)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2025M774402)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20242285)。
摘要Multispectral compatible stealth of high-value targets has intrigued long-standing interest in response to the rapid development of multispectral detection technologies,and a series of ingenious metasurfaces profiting from the exotic electromagnetic(EM)property has provided exceptional platforms for realizing multispectral compatible stealth.Nevertheless,most existing multispectral compatible stealth metasurfaces still suffer from the drawback of immutable stealth performance,which tremendously hinders their practical application in various complex scenarios.Herein,an inspiring strategy of the programmable coding metasurface(PCM)with a thickness of approximately 0.1λ0is proposed to fulfill dynamic microwave manipulation,low infrared radiation,and high optical transparency.Owing to continuous amplitude dynamic modulation and 1-bit phase dynamic modulation implemented by adjusting the PIN diodes of well-designed meta-atoms,the proposed PCMis capable of independently and dynamically controlling the absorption intensity and scattering direction of EM waves in broad bandwidth.Simultaneously,the average infrared emissivity of the PCM can be reduced to about 0.25 from 3 to 14μm,attributed to the low infrared radiation of the surface indium-tin-oxide(ITO)structures,and the optical transparency can reach 65.9%at 565 nm due to the design of the copper mesh structure and the selection of the transparent dielectric substrate.Multitudinous simulations and experiments of the proof-of-concept prototype are in accordance with theoretical predictions and corroborate the effectiveness of our methodology.This remarkable paradigm of the PCM shows unprecedented intelligence and integration in multispectral compatible stealth and may also find potential applications in communication,imaging,and other intelligent metadevices.
基金the financial support from Major Funding of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82330112)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82373800 and 82104070)Guangdong Universities Keynote Regions Special Funded Project(No.2022ZDZX2002)。
摘要Polymer surface modification constitutes a pivotal strategy for enhancing the efficacy of nanomedicine delivery,where intentional modifications(e.g.,PEGylation,hyaluronic acid coating)are designed to optimize nanocarrier performance.However,conventional approaches remain constrained by the impermeable stratum corneum in transdermal applications.Dissolving microneedles(DMNs)circumvent this barrier by creating transient microchannels,thereby offering an innovative route for cutaneous nanocarriers administration.Nevertheless,the DMN polymeric matrix may unintentionally alter the physicochemical attributes of loaded nanocarriers via non-covalent interactions,giving rise to a distinct“polymer modification effect”(PME)that differs from purposeful surface engineering.Such unintended interfacial phenomena can modulate nanocarrier characteristics and,consequently,dictate their in vivo fate,including release kinetics,biodistribution,clearance,cellular uptake,and other interactions with the biological system.Herein,we review documented cases of DMN polymer-nanocarrier modifications,elucidate the underlying mechanisms and implications of PME,and propose rational strategies for its precise regulation.This conceptual framework is expected to guide the rational design of next-generation nanocarrier-loaded DMN delivery systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82373800)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2024A1515011236)Continuation Project of Excellent Doctors,Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2025A04J5082).
摘要The protein corona formation has been reported to influence the liposomes’behavioral performance in vivo.Accordingly,the effect of physiologically relevant inorganic ion pairs(sodium chloride,sodium sulfate,magnesium chloride,and magnesium sulfate)was investigated.Bovine serum albumin(BSA)was selected as the model protein.Parameters including particle size and zeta potential were assessed,while various spectroscopic techniques were utilized to elucidate the changes in BSA during its interaction with liposomes.The particle size and light intensity distribution changes indicated that the introduction of inorganic pairs,especially the metal cations,could significantly influence both the adsorption of BSA and the aggregation of particles.Furthermore,spectral characterization elucidated that BSA exhibited more extended peptide chains with enhanced exposure to hydrophobic acid amino residues upon adding ion pairs.Electrostatic adsorption and chelation insertion were proposed as metal ion binding modes and the corresponding BSA corona formation.In the electrostatic adsorption mode,sodium ions can enhance the electrostatic interactions,facilitating the“connection”between BSA and liposomes.Magnesium ions can induce stronger hydrophobic interactions through chelation,effectively“drag”BSA segments into the lipid bilayer.This work highlighted important physiological factors for protein-liposome interaction and provided rational model constructions to lay the foundation for further relevant studies.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2024JC-YBMS-291)Special Support Program for High-level Talents of Shaanxi Province(No.2020-44)。
摘要Color as an indispensable element in our life brings vitality to us and enriches our lifestyles through decorations,indicators,and information carriers.Structural color offers an intriguing strategy to achieve novel functions and endows color with additional levels of significance in anti-counterfeiting,display,sensor,and printing.Furthermore,structural colors possess excellent properties,such as resistance to extreme external conditions,high brightness,saturation,and purity.Devices and platforms based on structural color have significantly changed our life and are becoming increasingly important.Here,we reviewed four typical applications of structural color and analyzed their advantages and shortcomings.First,a series of mechanisms and fabrication methods are briefly summarized and compared.Subsequently,recent progress of structural color and its applications were discussed in detail.For each application field,we classified them into several types in terms of their functions and properties.Finally,we analyzed recent emerging technologies and their potential for integration into structural color devices,as well as the corresponding challenges.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52075391).
摘要The new energy vehicle body composed of multi-metals requires a synchronous chemical conversion coating to exhibit excellent corrosion resistance.Herein,we prepared a titanium/zirconium/water-based oligomeric epoxy silane composite chemical conversion coating on multi-metals,and conducted an investigation into its electrochemical behavior and micro-zone structural characteristics upon immersion in a 3.5%NaCl solution.The electrochemical results combined with characterization results revealed that the corrosion evolution characteristics of the composite coatings could be categorized into three stages of mild corrosion,synergistic protection,and substrate damage.Besides,Si-OH groups interact with Me-OH at the defect on the multi-metal surface to form an organic monolayer coating.This organic monolayer coating,in conjunction with the synergistic inorganic conversion layer comprising Al2O3,TiO2,2H2O,ZrO2,2H2O,effectively cooperates with the corrosion products to hinder the erosion by the corrosive medium and suppresses the progression of the anodic reaction.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.62273289)The Youth Innovation Science and Technology Support Program of Shandong Province(Project No.2022KJ274)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2024MF007)Graduate Innovation Foundation of Yantai University,GIFYTU.
摘要The design and manufacturing of microchannels are crucial aspects of modern microanomanufacturing processes,offering a versatile platform for manipulating and driving microanoparticles or cells.In this study,we propose a method for manufacturing microchannels using optically induced dielectrophoresis technology to induce the polymerization of polyethylene glycol diacrylate solution.To overcome limitations related to the light intensity energy and the size of intact microchannels,we design and manufacture microstructures of various shapes with a height of 4µm.Additionally,we simulate and analyze the movement of and forces acting on polystyrene(PS)microspheres at different spatial positions within the microchannels.Finally,we successfully demonstrate applications involving the transport of PS microspheres in custom-fabricated microchannels.This novel biocompatible microchannel manufacturing method is simple and non-biotoxic.It provides a new approach for simulating physiological environments in vitro and cultivating and manipulating cells.
基金supported by the State Scholarship Fund from the China Scholarship Council(CSC)No.202006180076.
摘要Microbially induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)is an eco-friendly soil improvement technique.However,this method still has some drawbacks,such as low conversion efficiency of CaCO3 crystallization,insufficient strength for certain applications,and requiring multiple treatments.Previous studies have re-ported that sticky rice can regulate CaCO3 crystals(i.e.,chemical CaCO3)in the sticky rice-lime mortar,showing potential for improving the bio-cementation.Therefore,this study explored the possibility of using sticky rice to enhance the biocementation effect.Tests were carried out to assess the strength and perme-ability of bio-cemented sand with the inclusion of sticky rice.The results indicated that sticky rice may regulate the type and size of bio-CaCO3 crystals,and the use of an appropriate amount of sticky rice as additive could increase the strength of sand columns by regulating CaCO3 crystallization.Polyhedral calcites may be more favourable for the increasing strength than some vaterites with a hollow spherical structure.The combination of MICP and sticky rice can significantly decrease the coefficient of permeability to a value that was much lower than that by using sticky rice and MICP alone.Bio-CaCO3 immobilized the sticky rice on one end on sand particles,and the reticulated structure of sticky rice divided large pores into small pores,which may be the important cause of the decrease in permeability coefficient.Finally,this study proposed that the MICP with the sticky rice as an additive may enhance the MICP effect and prevent the surface erosion of coarse-grained sand slopes.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Province University Basic Science(natural science)Research Major Project(Grant No.:24KJA360007,China)Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine TCM First-class Discipline“Leading Plan”Scientific Research Project(Grant No.:ZYXYL2024-001,China)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:U21A20408,81873189,China)Jiangsu Provincial TCM Science and Technology Development Program Project(Grant No.:MS2021004,China)High-Level Key Discipline Construction Project of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Resource Chemistry of Chinese Medicinal Materials(Grant No.:ZYYZDXK-2023083,China)National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chinese Medicine Innovation Team and Talent Support Program Project(Grant No.:ZYYCXTD-D-202005,China)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students(Grant No.:202410315138Y,China).
摘要Drug toxicity is closely related to both clinical drug safety and new drug development.Therefore,it is vital to understand the mechanisms of drug toxicity fully and to use appropriate research models with advanced technologies.Zebrafish has become an important vertebrate animal model for high-throughput drug screening and toxicity assessment.At the same time,zebrafish has an intact biological complexity,reflecting the whole organism's toxicity,which gives it an advantage over other high-throughput models in toxicity studies.Despite the gradual increase in toxicity studies utilizing zebrafish,a comprehensive and systematic review of the underlying mechanisms and new techniques is still lacking.This review aims to analyze common toxicity mechanisms in zebrafish models,such as oxidative stress,endoplasmic reticulum stress,inflammation,and apoptosis,and macroscopic changes in biological processes like lipid metabolism disorders and neurotransmitter expression abnormalities.It also introduces new technologies applied in toxicity assessment,such as gene editing,novel fluorescence imaging technology,3D imaging technology,and novel automated technology for high-throughput screening,such as fish capsules.In addition,it also summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the model.By doing so,it will provide new suggestions for the development and improvement of the model,make it better serve the toxicity study of clinical drugs and provide a more comprehensive perspective for drug toxicity study,thus promoting the development of the field of drug toxicity study.
基金supported by the National Parks Board,Singapore,and the Cities of Tomorrow R&D programme(Grant No.COT-V1-2020-4)by Ministry of National Development and National Research Foundation,Singapore.
摘要Microbial induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)and enzyme induced carbonate precipitation(EICP)processes can be affected by many factors.The influence of magnesium on the MICP and EICP based soil improvement was studied in this paper across different scales ranging from micro,pore to macro.Results obtained from microfluidic chip tests indicate that the presence of a little amount of Mg ions in the cementation solution can reduce the bacterial cell coagulation and promote a more uniform distribution of crystals in the reaction channel.Aqueous phase tests were performed by controlling the concentration of calcium(Ca)to magnesium(Mg)ratio to vary from 1.00:0 to 0:1.00.The results show that magnesium could delay the precipitation process and increase the quantity of the precipitates.As the magnesium content increases,the crystal morphology of precipitates changes from calcite to Mg-calcite,vaterite,rosette and nesquehonite.Cementation effect in the Ca-rich group is superior to that in the Mgrich group.In terms of unconfined compressive strength of the treated sand,the contribution of Mg is much less significant in Mg-rich groups.The performance of the sand treated with both MICP and EICP based methods under the presence of Mg was evaluated and discussed.All samples exhibited strength improvement after biotreatments.Among all the four groups,the EICP 1-phase group with Ca:Mg of 0.90:0.10 and 0.75:0.25 exhibited the largest strengths of 4.5 MPa and 4.7 MPa,respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12274373 and 12274372)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(Grant Nos.242300421155 and 252300421475)+2 种基金the Key Research Projects of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province(Grant No.25A140008)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(Grant Nos.CSTB2023NSCQ-LZX0100 and CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0362)Central Plains Science and Technology Innovation Youth Top Notch Talents,and Independent Innovation Project for Graduate Students of Zhengzhou University(Grant No.20250450).
摘要To enhance boron doping efficiency and reduce metal impurities in diamonds,selecting an appropriate metal solvent is essential for producing p-type diamonds using the high-pressure high-temperature(HPHT)method.This paper presents a detailed study of the properties and characteristics of boron-doped diamond(BDD)single crystals grown using FeNi and FeCo solvents through the HPHT method.The results indicate that,with the same TiB2addition ratio,BDD crystals grown using FeCo solvent have a higher concentration of uncompensated boron ions,resulting in improved boron doping efficiency.Additionally,by growing BDD in the same synthesis environment(FeCo-3 wt%TiB2)using(111)and(100)seed crystals as growth surfaces,it was found that the boron content in the crystal grown from the(100)seed crystal was higher than that in the crystal grown from the(111)seed crystal.Additionally,the crystals grown with the FeCo solvent contained fewer metal elements(Fe and Co)compared to those produced with the FeNi solvent(Fe and Ni),which supported the growth of high-quality BDD single crystals.This indicated that the choice of growth planes significantly influences the incorporation of boron in diamonds.Our findings hold significant research value for the development of high-quality p-type diamond semiconductors using the HPHT method.
摘要底栖动物是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分,在调控海洋生态系统的物质循环和能量流动过程中扮演了关键角色。腹足类动物通过捕食与被捕食行为调控着底栖生态系统的稳定性,研究腹足类生物的食性有助于我们理解这一调控过程。香螺(Neptunea cumingii)是我国北方海域一种重要的腹足类动物,具备极高的生态价值和经济价值。但是,我们对其食性组成及生态功能的了解并不透彻。因此,有必要探明自然条件下香螺现场食物组成,提升对腹足类动物在我国北方海域底栖生态系统中所起调控作用的认识。本研究借助4份野生香螺胃含物样品,以18Sr DNAV4区和V9区为标靶,利用DNA宏条形码技术对其胃含物真核生物进行分析。结果显示,在4个样品中,18S rDNA V4区和V9区共分别获得265,161条和221,998条高质量序列,分别占各自原始序列的93.16%和86.54%,分别注释到141个和490个OTUs;虽然18SrDNAV4区获得的优质序列数及占比均更高,但其注释到的物种数比18Sr DNAV9区偏少。两个可变区所有OTUs分属17个门类,包括动物界10门、真菌界5门、植物界1门,以及SAR超类群,包括不等鞭毛生物(Stramenopiles)、囊泡虫(Alveolates)和有孔虫(Rhizaria);在纲水平上,腹足纲、辅鳍鱼纲、吸虫纲和色矛纲相对丰度在两个可变区中均排名前十;在OTU水平上,两个可变区中3个以上样品中均有检出的物种仅分别占5.67%和8.08%,且其共同属于软体动物门、脊椎动物亚门、子囊菌门及SAR超类群。总体上,18S r DNA V4区和V9区两段DNA条形码分析结果显示,香螺胃含物中真核生物种类丰富,包括动物(如环节动物、节肢动物、软体动物)、真菌、植物和原生生物,其中最丰富的类群是腹足类、鱼类、吸虫和真菌。在多个样本中只检测到一小部分共有OTUs,这表明不同香螺摄食种类多变。结果表明,香螺现场食性是一种机会主义捕食者,动物尸体及海底沉积物可能是香螺自然状态下主要食物来源,但同时其具备一定的清理附着生物潜能及植食性能力,饵料可驯化性较强。其饵料组成受生存微环境影响较大,具备一定的饵料驯化潜力。研究结果为深入了解香螺在海洋生态系统中的作用提供了数据支持,并为香螺人工养殖饵料配比研究提供了新见解。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.51172018)the National High Technical Research and Development Programme of China(No.2009BAE74B00)+1 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2006CB605207)MOE Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of China(No.I2P407)
摘要Water atomized pure iron powder was compacted by high velocity compaction (HVC) with and without upper relaxation assist (URA) device. The influence of URA device on green density, spring back, green strength and hardness was studied. Morphological characteristics of the samples were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Green strength of the samples was measured by computer controlled universal testing machine. The results show that as stroke length increases, the green density, green strength and hardness of the compacts increase gradually. At the identical stroke length, the green density of the compacts pressed with URA devise was 2% higher than the compacts pressed without URA device. The green strength and hardness of the compacts pressed with URA device were higher than the compacts pressed without URA device. Furthermore, the radial spring back of the compacts decreased gradually with the increment in stroke length, whilst that of compacts prepared with URA device was lower.
基金the project grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82104070)the Key Areas Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (No. 2019B020204002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 21621012)
摘要Nanoscale metal organic frameworks(NMOFs)have been widely reported in biomedical field for their unique porous structure and tunable multifunctionality.However,when administrated in vivo,the protein corona will be formed on the surface of NMOFs,significantly affecting their biodistribution,pharmacokinetics and drug release.Few studies paid attention to the protein corona formation process and its influencing factors of NMOFs.As a well-established strategy for altering structure features of NMOFs,the organic ligand modification may have effect on the protein corona formation process,which is to be investigated.In this study,the zirconium(Zr)-based UIO66 was chosen as model NMOFs,the organic ligand of which was modified with amino group(-NH2)or carboxyl group(-COOH)to synthesize UIO66-NH2and UIO66-2COOH,respectively.Bovine serum albumin(BSA)was chosen as model protein to investigate the protein corona formation process of NMOFs.The current results showed that the-COOH modification remarkably enhanced the BSA adsorption on NMOFs while-NH2slightly decreased the protein binding affinity.These differences may be ascribed to the two different dominate protein corona formation modes,i.e.,surface coating mode and porous embedded mode.The protein corona formation did not affect the crystal phase of NMOFs but increased the content ofα-helix of BSA.Ultimately,upon protein corona formation,the cellular uptake of NMOFs was significantly affected.We believe our study will provide a new research paradigm to the design and applications of NMOFs.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFA0112000 and 2018YFB1105600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81930051)+2 种基金Shanghai Municipal Education Commission-Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support(20171906)Shanghai Jiao Tong University “Medical and Research”Program(ZH2018ZDA04)Foundation of National Facility for Translational Medicine(Shanghai)(TMSK-2020-117)。
摘要The immune response after implantation is a primary determinant of the tissue-repair effects of threedimensional(3D)-printed scaffolds.Thus,scaffolds that can subtly regulate immune responses may display extraordinary functions.Inspired by the angiogenesis promotion effect of humoral immune response,we covalently combined mesoporous silica micro rod(MSR)/polyethyleneimine(PEI)/ovalbumin(OVA)self-assembled vaccines with 3D-printed calcium phosphate cement(CPC)scaffolds for local antigen-specific immune response activation.With the response activated,antigen-specific CD4+T helper2(Th2)cells can be recruited to promote early angiogenesis.The silicon(Si)ions from MSRs can accelerate osteogenesis,with an adequate blood supply being provided.At room temperature,scaffolds with uniformly interconnected macropores were printed using a self-setting CPC-based printing paste,which promoted the uniform dispersion and structural preservation of functional polysaccharides oxidized hyaluronic acid(OHA)inside.Sustained release of OVA was achieved with MSR/PEI covalently attached to scaffolds rich in aldehyde groups as the vaccine carrier.The vaccine-loaded scaffolds effectively recruited and activated dendritic cells(DCs)for antigen presentation and promoted the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)in vitro.When embedded subcutaneously in vivo,the vaccine-loaded scaffolds increased the proportion of Th2 cells in the spleen and locally recruited antigenspecific T cells to promote angiogenesis in and around the scaffold.Furthermore,the result in a rat skull defect-repair model indicated that the antigen-specific vaccine-loaded scaffolds promoted the regeneration of vascularized bone.This method may provide a novel concept for patient-specific implant design for angiogenesis promotion.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21978066,21506046)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(B2020202048,B2018202220)Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City(18JCYBJC42600).
摘要One-step synthesis of 2-propylheptanol(2-PH)from n-pentanal via a reaction integration of n-pentanal self-condensation and successive hydrogenation is of great significance for it can simplify process flow and reduce energy consumption.The key to promotion of 2-PH selectivity is to enhance the competitiveness of n-pentanal self-condensation with respect to its direct hydrogenation.For this purpose,a core–shell structured Ni/SiO2@TiO2 catalyst was designed and prepared.With the precise architecture of this core–shell structured catalyst,n-pentanal can be firstly in contact with TiO2 to 2-propyl-2-heptenal(2-PHEA)while the direct hydrogenation to n-pentanol can be effectively inhibited,and then 2-PHEA diffuses into the core of Ni/SiO2 and is hydrogenated to 2-PH.The spatial threshold of the core–shell catalyst significantly enhanced its catalytic performance;a 2-PH selectivity of 77.9%was reached with a 100%npentanal conversion.The 2-PH selectivity is much higher than that obtained by employing Ni/TiO2 catalyst.Furthermore,the reaction kinetics of one-step synthesis of 2-PH from n-pentanal catalyzed by Ni/SiO2@TiO2 was studied and its kinetic model was established which is useful for reactor design and scale-up.
基金financial support through National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.62273289)The Youth Innovation Science and Technology Support Program of Shandong Province(Project No.2022KJ274)Graduate Innovation Foundation of Yantai University,GIFYTU.
摘要Researching the cooperative operation and functional expansion of multiple minirobot assemblies has the potential to bring about significant advancements in the practical applications of minirobots.In this study,we present a novel assembly sys-tem comprised of arc-shaped NdFeB magnetic minirobots.These minirobots can be individually utilized as assembly units,allowing for function expansion and comprehensive capability enhancement.We fabricate four Semicircular Arc Magnetic Minirobots(SAMM)arranged in different configurations and analyze their force and motion characteristics.Furthermore,by using this unit as a base,various expansion structures such as latches,petals,and rings can be assembled through reason-able combinations.We define the comprehensive reinforcement interval by comparatively analyzing changes in the unit's motion characteristics and operational capabilities.Precise motion manipulation is employed to verify the rationality of the basic unit structure and the feasibility of the assembly scheme.Our proposed self-assembly scheme for magnetic minirobots exhibits great potential and may be used as a paradigm for future research on expanding the functionality of minirobots.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:81973263,82073774,82104070。
摘要Background:Ferroptosis has been widely investigated as an emerging drug target,while its combination with nanoscience provides bourgeoning application prospects.The development of ferroptosis regulating nanomedicines have attracted worldwide attentions in recent years.It would be meaningful to describe the relevant publication paradigm.Methods:Herein,a bibliometric analysis was performed using the database of Web of Science Core Collection to clarify the publication paradigm.The development of related publications in the last 6 years was described,and the revolutionary trends were figured out.Ultimately,the possible future exploration directions were proposed.Results:The bibliometric analysis of 327 documents of interest indicated that the main research focus was in multiple fields including Materials science,Science&technology,Chemistry,and Pharmacology&pharmacy.With widely cooperation and strong funding,the researchers from Chinese organizations contributed most of publications,followed with United States and Australia.Cocitation analysis revealed that several original papers reported the key molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis were considered as the foundation for subsequent studies,and some nanomedicines-related documents were taken as examples and discussed.Mining results showed that the mechanism evaluation of ferroptosis regulation therapy for cancer treatment was the hotspot.Then,several possible future explorations of ferroptosisrelated nanoscience were presented and discussed.Conclusions:The bibliometric profile of nanoscience‐ferroptosis research was analyzed in detail.We believe that the bibliometric analysis could act as a robust method for explicating the publication paradigm as a certain field.
摘要With the rapid advancement of nanotechnology,nanocarriers for drug delivery have created promising prospects for efficient drug administration and precise disease therapy.However,only a limited number of these nanocarriers were successfully processed into the clinic or market[1].The unclear fate of these nanocarriers when administrated in vivo is believed to be the one to blame.When nanocarriers are administrated in vivo,they will encounter complicated environmental factors including biomacromolecules,diversified p H,functional immune cells and hydromechanical forces,which might make the tracking of nanocarriers unpredictable.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11774001 and 51572002)Open fund for Discipline Construction, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University (No. S01003101)。
摘要In this work,a non-toxic and environmentally friendly aqueous-solution-based method has been adopted to prepare gadolinium-doped hafnium oxide(HfO2) gate dielectric thin films.By adjusting the gadolinium(Gd) doping concentration,the oxygen vacancy content,band offset,interface trap density,and dielectric constant of HfGdOx(HGO) thin films have been optimized.Results have confirmed that HGO thin films with Gd doping ratio of 15 at.% have demonstrated appropriate dielectric constant of 27.1 and lower leakage current density of 5.8×10-9 A cm-2.Amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide(α-IGZO) thin film transistors(TFTs) based on HGO thin film(Gd:15 at.%) as gate dielectric layer have exhibited excellent electrical performance,such as larger saturated carrier mobility(μsat) of 20.1 cm2 V-1 S-1,high on/off current ratio(Ion/Ioff) of ~108,smaller sub-threshold swing(SS) of 0.07 V decade-1,and a negligible threshold voltage shift(ΔVTH) of 0.08 V under positive bias stress(PBS) for 7200 s.To confirm its potential application in logic circuit,a resistor-loaded inverter based on HGO/α-IGZO TFTs has been constructed.A high voltage gain of 19.8 and stable full swing characteristics have been detected.As a result,it can be concluded that aqueous-solution-driven HGO dielectrics have potential application in high resolution flat panel displays and ultra-large-scale integrated logic circuits.