As an emerging biomarker,tumor mutational burden(TMB)has attracted increasing attention from clinicians in predicting the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.Currently,TMB is detected primarily by whole-exome sequencing o...As an emerging biomarker,tumor mutational burden(TMB)has attracted increasing attention from clinicians in predicting the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.Currently,TMB is detected primarily by whole-exome sequencing or targeted panel sequencing on high-throughput sequencing platforms.However,the lack of uniformity in detection methods,threshold settings,and reporting formats,as well as the significant differences in TMB values among different cancer types,have hindered the standardized application of this biomarker in clinical practice.This consensus focuses on the definition,standardization of detection,clinical significance,and limitations of TMB,and provides consensus recommendations for the clinical application of TMB in real-world practice in China.This consensus is aimed at helping clinicians and laboratory personnel understand the clinical significance and testing standards of TMB,promoting more accurate interpretation of test results,and improving patient care.展开更多
Human papillomaviruses(HPVs) have been detected in cervical cancer cells and skin papilloma cells, which have a variety of types, including low-risk and high-risk types. HPV genome replication requires the host cell...Human papillomaviruses(HPVs) have been detected in cervical cancer cells and skin papilloma cells, which have a variety of types, including low-risk and high-risk types. HPV genome replication requires the host cell's DNA synthesis machinery, and HPVs encode proteins that maintain differentiated epithelial cells in a replication-competent state. HPV types are tissue-specific and generally produce different types of lesions, either benign or malignant. This review examines different HPV types and their associated diseases and presents therapeutic options for the treatment of HPV-positive diseases.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82072577)from the International Medical Association(Grant No.IMA-F-2025-001).
摘要As an emerging biomarker,tumor mutational burden(TMB)has attracted increasing attention from clinicians in predicting the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.Currently,TMB is detected primarily by whole-exome sequencing or targeted panel sequencing on high-throughput sequencing platforms.However,the lack of uniformity in detection methods,threshold settings,and reporting formats,as well as the significant differences in TMB values among different cancer types,have hindered the standardized application of this biomarker in clinical practice.This consensus focuses on the definition,standardization of detection,clinical significance,and limitations of TMB,and provides consensus recommendations for the clinical application of TMB in real-world practice in China.This consensus is aimed at helping clinicians and laboratory personnel understand the clinical significance and testing standards of TMB,promoting more accurate interpretation of test results,and improving patient care.
基金Supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81260301)
摘要Human papillomaviruses(HPVs) have been detected in cervical cancer cells and skin papilloma cells, which have a variety of types, including low-risk and high-risk types. HPV genome replication requires the host cell's DNA synthesis machinery, and HPVs encode proteins that maintain differentiated epithelial cells in a replication-competent state. HPV types are tissue-specific and generally produce different types of lesions, either benign or malignant. This review examines different HPV types and their associated diseases and presents therapeutic options for the treatment of HPV-positive diseases.