The clinical management of hypertrophic scars(HSs)remains challenging due to their complex etiology and heterogeneous morphology,underscoring the need for multitarget treatment strategies.In this study,we developed a ...The clinical management of hypertrophic scars(HSs)remains challenging due to their complex etiology and heterogeneous morphology,underscoring the need for multitarget treatment strategies.In this study,we developed a nanocomposite system constructed through the metal-phenolic network-mediated self-assembly of molybdenum polyoxometalate({Mo 154})and epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG),followed by chitosan encapsulation,to generate chitosan-encapsulated{Mo 154}/EGCG(CME)nanoparticles.These nanoparticles were integrated into dissolvable microneedles(CME@MN)to enable transdermal administration.Under near-infrared laser irradiation,CME exhibited a three-pronged therapeutic effect:suppression of collagen overproduction and excessive extracellular matrix(ECM)deposition in human keloid fibroblasts,regulation of proliferation and migration in human umbilical vein endothelial cells,and reprogramming of macrophages toward a proinflammatory M1 phenotype.In vivo,CME@MN patches preferentially accumulated within scar tissue,where they normalized ECM organization,improved collagen fiber rearrangement,and attenuated fibroblast activity through photothermal-enhanced mechanisms while maintaining an excellent safety profile.The CME@MN system represents a potentially transformative approach to HS management by offering a unified platform that simultaneously targets the fibrotic,angiogenic,and inflammatory components of scar pathogenesis.展开更多
The deltas serve as the primary interactive zone where terrestrial and marine environments converge,playing a pivotal role in the coastal deposition.In the Holocene,climate changes and sea level fluctuation are the pr...The deltas serve as the primary interactive zone where terrestrial and marine environments converge,playing a pivotal role in the coastal deposition.In the Holocene,climate changes and sea level fluctuation are the principal driving factors in the evolution of deltas.However,human activities such as the construction of dams and reservoirs in the Anthropocene have significantly altered sediment transport in rivers,leading to depositional pattern variation during deltaic evolution.In this study,we have conducted a comparative analysis of the morphological variations(1986-2021)in the barrier system of the Hanjiang River Delta(HRD)using satellite remote sensing(SRS)method.Additionally,we have examined the lithological changes and facies alterations observed in eight boreholes on the present barrier spit.Our findings indicate that the intensification of anthropogenic activities led to a significant reduction in the sediment flux of the Hanjiang River(HR),resulting in depocenter landward migration at the estuary.SRS analysis reveals their periodical morphological characteristics and spatial variations of estuarine sandbars(1986-1992),barrier islands-lagoons(1993-2009),and barrier spits(2010-2021)during 1986 to 2021.The stratigraphy of boreholes demonstrates a south-to-north facies transition from lagoon to lagoon-barrier spit and barrier spit in vertical lithology.Therefore,the depositional evolution of the HRD barrier system is categorized into three phases:estuarine sandbar-barrier island phase(1986-1998);barrier island-lagoon phase(1999-2009);and barrier spit phase(2010-2021).During the estuarine sandbar-barrier island phase,fluvial processes played a predominate role in the deposition.Consequently,with a significant decrease in river sediment load,the dominant factors driving depositional processes shifted towards wave action and alongshore current.Based on the conceptual model in the Holocene,we propose a modified depositional model of wave-dominated deltas during Anthropocene that encompasses three evolutionary phases:estuarine sandbars and delta front platforms,barrier island-lagoon formation and landward migration of barrier spits.This pattern highlights that human-induced reduction in river sediment flux has led to a seaward deltaic progradation driven by barrier landward migration.展开更多
The development of high-performance optically transparent radio frequency(RF)radiators is limited by the intrinsic loss issue of transparent conductive films(TCFs).Instead of pursuing expensive endeavors to improve th...The development of high-performance optically transparent radio frequency(RF)radiators is limited by the intrinsic loss issue of transparent conductive films(TCFs).Instead of pursuing expensive endeavors to improve the TCFs'electrical properties,this study introduces an innovative approach that leverages leaky-wave mode manipulation to mitigate the TCFs'attenuating effect and maximize the RF radiation.Our finding reveals that the precise control of the mode confinement on glass-coated TCFs can create a low-attenuation window for leaky-wave propagation,where the total attenuation caused by TCF dissipation and wave leakage is effectively reduced.The observed low-attenuation leaky-wave state on lossy TCFs originates from the delicate balance between wave leakage and TCF dissipation,attained at a particular glass cladding thickness.By leveraging the substantially extended radiation aperture achieved under suppressed wave attenuation,this study develops an optically transparent antenna with an enhanced endfire realized gain exceeding 15 dBi and a radiation efficiency of 66%,which is validated to offer competitive transmission performance for advancing ubiquitous wireless communication and sensing applications.展开更多
Hazardous waste dechlorination reduces the potential of creating dioxins during the incineration process. To investigate the salt effect on waste dechlorination, molten hydroxides with a low melting temperature were u...Hazardous waste dechlorination reduces the potential of creating dioxins during the incineration process. To investigate the salt effect on waste dechlorination, molten hydroxides with a low melting temperature were utilized for the pre-dechlorination and decomposition of chlorine-containing organic wastes(COWs) including trichlorobenzene(TCB),perchloroethylene, hexachlorobenzene and chlordane. The results showed that a eutectic mixture of caustic sodium and potassium hydroxides(41 wt.% NaOH and 59 wt.% KOH) led to a low melting point below 300°C and a relatively high chlorine retention efficiency(CRE) with TCB as a representative COWs. The amounts of hydroxides, reaction time, and temperature all had notable influence on CRE. When the mass ratio of hydroxides to TCB reached 30:1,approximately 98.1% of the TCB was destroyed within 2.5 hr at 300°C with CRE of 71.6%.According to the residue analysis, the shapes of reaction residues were irregular with particles becoming swollen and porous. The benzene ring and C–Cl bonds disappeared, while carboxyl groups formed in the residues. The stripped chlorine was retained and condensed to form chloride salts, and the relative abundance of the chloride ions associated with the mass of TCB in residues increased from 0 to 75.0% within the 2.5 hr reaction time. The observed concentration of dioxins in residues was 5.6 ngTEQ/kg. A reaction pathway and possible additional reactions that occur in this dechlorination system were proposed. Oxidizing agents may attack TCB and facilitate hydrogenation/dechlorination reactions, making this process a promising and environmentally friendly approach for chlorine-containing organic waste treatment.展开更多
Three novel series of α-aminoamides derivatives were designed and synthesized based on ralfinamide,and their Nav1.7 inhibitory activities were evaluated using manual patch clamp electrophysiology. Active compounds in...Three novel series of α-aminoamides derivatives were designed and synthesized based on ralfinamide,and their Nav1.7 inhibitory activities were evaluated using manual patch clamp electrophysiology. Active compounds inhibited Nav1.7 with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50) values ranging from2.9 μmol/L to 21.4 μmol/L. Among them, the most potent compound 19h exhibited about 12-fold potency better than ralfinamide. The investigation of their structure-activity relationship gives a strategy to improve the Nav1.7 inhibition of ralfinamide analogues. Compound 19h was efficacious in antinociception in the mouse spared nerve injury(SNI) model of neuropathic pain without causing sedation in the open field test.展开更多
As the semiconductor industry approaches the limits of traditional scaling,heterogeneous bonding technology has become a key enabler for the‘More Moore’and‘More than Moore’strategies.This paper provides a systemat...As the semiconductor industry approaches the limits of traditional scaling,heterogeneous bonding technology has become a key enabler for the‘More Moore’and‘More than Moore’strategies.This paper provides a systematic review of the interface mechanics principles of heterogeneous bonding,with a focus on thermodynamic and shell mechanics theories.The paper explores how factors such as wettability,surface roughness,and flatness affect the physical adsorption behavior of bonding interfaces,and analyzes the surface chemical conditions required for the formation of stable covalent and metallic bonds.By integrating multiple materials,heterogeneous bonding overcomes the limitations of traditional single-chip integration systems,opening up new possibilities for high-performance,multifunctional semiconductor devices.This technology has significant applications in areas such as 3D integration,power electronics,photonics,and AI chip development.The paper also reviews the specific applications of metallic bonding,covalent bonding,and van der Waals bonding in heterogeneous integration.Ultimately,heterogeneous bonding is expected to drive the next wave of innovation in semiconductor technology,laying the foundation for more integrated and energy-efficient solutions for complex electronic systems.展开更多
Many sensitizers have not only photodynamic effects,but also sonodynamic effects.Therefore,the combination of sonodynamic therapy(SDT)and photodynamic therapy(PDT)using sensitizers for sonophotodynamic therapy(SPDT)pr...Many sensitizers have not only photodynamic effects,but also sonodynamic effects.Therefore,the combination of sonodynamic therapy(SDT)and photodynamic therapy(PDT)using sensitizers for sonophotodynamic therapy(SPDT)provides alternative opportunities for clinical cancer therapy.Although significant advances have been made in synthesizing new sensitizers for SPDT,few of them are successfully applied in clinical settings.The anti-tumor effects of the sensitizers are restricted by the lack of tumor-targeting specificity,incapability in deep intratumoral delivery,and the deteriorating tumor microenvironment.The application of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems(NDDSs)can solve the above shortcomings,thereby improving the SPDT efficacy.This review summarizes various sensitizers as sono/photosensitizers that can be further used in SPDT,and describes different strategies for enhancing tumor treatment by NDDSs,such as overcoming biological barriers,improving tumor-targeted delivery and intratumoral delivery,providing stimuli-responsive controlled-release characteristics,stimulating anti-tumor immunity,increasing oxygen supply,employing different therapeutic modalities,and combining diagnosis and treatment.The challenges and prospects for further development of intelligent sensitizers and translational NDDSs for SPDT are also discussed.展开更多
The probiotic bacterium Escherichia coli Nissle 1917(EcN)holds significant promise for use in clinical and biological industries.However,the reliance on antibiotics to maintain plasmid-borne genes has overshadowed its...The probiotic bacterium Escherichia coli Nissle 1917(EcN)holds significant promise for use in clinical and biological industries.However,the reliance on antibiotics to maintain plasmid-borne genes has overshadowed its benefits.In this study,we addressed this issue by engineering the endogenous cryptic plasmids pMUT1 and pMUT2.The non-essential elements were removed to create more stable derivatives pMUT1NR△and pMUT2HBC△.Synthetic promoters by integrating binding motifs on sigma factors were further constructed and applied for expression of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron heparinaseⅢand the biosynthesis of ectoine.Compared to traditional antibiotic-dependent expression systems,our newly constructed antibiotic-free expression systems offer considerable advantages for clinical and synthetic biology applications.展开更多
Metasurfaces,ultrathin two-dimensional version of metamaterials,have attracted tremendous attention due to their exotic capabilities to freely manipulate electromagnetic waves.By incorporating various tunable material...Metasurfaces,ultrathin two-dimensional version of metamaterials,have attracted tremendous attention due to their exotic capabilities to freely manipulate electromagnetic waves.By incorporating various tunable materials or elements into metasurface designs,reconfigurable metasurfaces and related metadevices with functionalities controlled by external stimuli can be realized,opening a new avenue to achieving dynamic manipulation of electromagnetic waves.Recently,based on the tunable metasurface concept,reconfigurable intelligent surfaces(RISs)have received significant attention and have been regarded as a promising emerging technology for future wireless communication due to their potential to enhance the capacity and coverage of wireless networks by smartly reconfiguring the wireless propagation environment.Here,in this article,we first focus on technical issues of RIS system implementation by reviewing the existing research contributions,paying special attention to designs in the microwave regime.Then,we showcase our recent attempts to practically demonstrate RIS systems in real-world applications,including deploying reflective RIS systems in indoor scenarios to enhance the wireless network coverage and utilizing intelligent omni-metasurfaces to improve both indoor and through-wall wireless communication quality.Finally,we give our own perspectives on possible future directions and existing challenges for RISs toward a truly commercial intelligent technology platform.展开更多
基金the financial support from the Fujian Provincial Youth Top-Notch Talent Support Program,China.
摘要The clinical management of hypertrophic scars(HSs)remains challenging due to their complex etiology and heterogeneous morphology,underscoring the need for multitarget treatment strategies.In this study,we developed a nanocomposite system constructed through the metal-phenolic network-mediated self-assembly of molybdenum polyoxometalate({Mo 154})and epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG),followed by chitosan encapsulation,to generate chitosan-encapsulated{Mo 154}/EGCG(CME)nanoparticles.These nanoparticles were integrated into dissolvable microneedles(CME@MN)to enable transdermal administration.Under near-infrared laser irradiation,CME exhibited a three-pronged therapeutic effect:suppression of collagen overproduction and excessive extracellular matrix(ECM)deposition in human keloid fibroblasts,regulation of proliferation and migration in human umbilical vein endothelial cells,and reprogramming of macrophages toward a proinflammatory M1 phenotype.In vivo,CME@MN patches preferentially accumulated within scar tissue,where they normalized ECM organization,improved collagen fiber rearrangement,and attenuated fibroblast activity through photothermal-enhanced mechanisms while maintaining an excellent safety profile.The CME@MN system represents a potentially transformative approach to HS management by offering a unified platform that simultaneously targets the fibrotic,angiogenic,and inflammatory components of scar pathogenesis.
基金The Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under contract Nos 2024A1515012628the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41876059 and 42372213+4 种基金the Open Research Fund Program of Zhoushan Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Marine Geo-hazards,China Geological Survey under contract No.ZSORS-22-5the Shantou University Scientific Research Foundation for Talents under contract No.NTF20028China-Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)Maritime Cooperation Fund Project under contract No.12120100500017001China Geological Survey Projects under contract Nos DD20211553,DD20221710,and DD20230415the Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Command Center of Integrated Natural Resources Survey Center under contract No.KC20230017.
摘要The deltas serve as the primary interactive zone where terrestrial and marine environments converge,playing a pivotal role in the coastal deposition.In the Holocene,climate changes and sea level fluctuation are the principal driving factors in the evolution of deltas.However,human activities such as the construction of dams and reservoirs in the Anthropocene have significantly altered sediment transport in rivers,leading to depositional pattern variation during deltaic evolution.In this study,we have conducted a comparative analysis of the morphological variations(1986-2021)in the barrier system of the Hanjiang River Delta(HRD)using satellite remote sensing(SRS)method.Additionally,we have examined the lithological changes and facies alterations observed in eight boreholes on the present barrier spit.Our findings indicate that the intensification of anthropogenic activities led to a significant reduction in the sediment flux of the Hanjiang River(HR),resulting in depocenter landward migration at the estuary.SRS analysis reveals their periodical morphological characteristics and spatial variations of estuarine sandbars(1986-1992),barrier islands-lagoons(1993-2009),and barrier spits(2010-2021)during 1986 to 2021.The stratigraphy of boreholes demonstrates a south-to-north facies transition from lagoon to lagoon-barrier spit and barrier spit in vertical lithology.Therefore,the depositional evolution of the HRD barrier system is categorized into three phases:estuarine sandbar-barrier island phase(1986-1998);barrier island-lagoon phase(1999-2009);and barrier spit phase(2010-2021).During the estuarine sandbar-barrier island phase,fluvial processes played a predominate role in the deposition.Consequently,with a significant decrease in river sediment load,the dominant factors driving depositional processes shifted towards wave action and alongshore current.Based on the conceptual model in the Holocene,we propose a modified depositional model of wave-dominated deltas during Anthropocene that encompasses three evolutionary phases:estuarine sandbars and delta front platforms,barrier island-lagoon formation and landward migration of barrier spits.This pattern highlights that human-induced reduction in river sediment flux has led to a seaward deltaic progradation driven by barrier landward migration.
基金the support partially from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62301162,62401386,62071125,62071187,62022045,and U22B2016)partially from the Industry–Education Cooperation Project of Fujian Province(#2022H6018)+2 种基金partially from the Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2023J01058)partially from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA0716601 and 2022YFE0115500)partially from the Startup Funding of Fuzhou University(XRC-23007)。
摘要The development of high-performance optically transparent radio frequency(RF)radiators is limited by the intrinsic loss issue of transparent conductive films(TCFs).Instead of pursuing expensive endeavors to improve the TCFs'electrical properties,this study introduces an innovative approach that leverages leaky-wave mode manipulation to mitigate the TCFs'attenuating effect and maximize the RF radiation.Our finding reveals that the precise control of the mode confinement on glass-coated TCFs can create a low-attenuation window for leaky-wave propagation,where the total attenuation caused by TCF dissipation and wave leakage is effectively reduced.The observed low-attenuation leaky-wave state on lossy TCFs originates from the delicate balance between wave leakage and TCF dissipation,attained at a particular glass cladding thickness.By leveraging the substantially extended radiation aperture achieved under suppressed wave attenuation,this study develops an optically transparent antenna with an enhanced endfire realized gain exceeding 15 dBi and a radiation efficiency of 66%,which is validated to offer competitive transmission performance for advancing ubiquitous wireless communication and sensing applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21677112)the Science and Technology Program of Ministry of Housing and Urban–Rural Development(No.2015-K7-021)
摘要Hazardous waste dechlorination reduces the potential of creating dioxins during the incineration process. To investigate the salt effect on waste dechlorination, molten hydroxides with a low melting temperature were utilized for the pre-dechlorination and decomposition of chlorine-containing organic wastes(COWs) including trichlorobenzene(TCB),perchloroethylene, hexachlorobenzene and chlordane. The results showed that a eutectic mixture of caustic sodium and potassium hydroxides(41 wt.% NaOH and 59 wt.% KOH) led to a low melting point below 300°C and a relatively high chlorine retention efficiency(CRE) with TCB as a representative COWs. The amounts of hydroxides, reaction time, and temperature all had notable influence on CRE. When the mass ratio of hydroxides to TCB reached 30:1,approximately 98.1% of the TCB was destroyed within 2.5 hr at 300°C with CRE of 71.6%.According to the residue analysis, the shapes of reaction residues were irregular with particles becoming swollen and porous. The benzene ring and C–Cl bonds disappeared, while carboxyl groups formed in the residues. The stripped chlorine was retained and condensed to form chloride salts, and the relative abundance of the chloride ions associated with the mass of TCB in residues increased from 0 to 75.0% within the 2.5 hr reaction time. The observed concentration of dioxins in residues was 5.6 ngTEQ/kg. A reaction pathway and possible additional reactions that occur in this dechlorination system were proposed. Oxidizing agents may attack TCB and facilitate hydrogenation/dechlorination reactions, making this process a promising and environmentally friendly approach for chlorine-containing organic waste treatment.
基金Financial supports by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82003565 and 81973162)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No. 20S11902300,China)。
摘要Three novel series of α-aminoamides derivatives were designed and synthesized based on ralfinamide,and their Nav1.7 inhibitory activities were evaluated using manual patch clamp electrophysiology. Active compounds inhibited Nav1.7 with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50) values ranging from2.9 μmol/L to 21.4 μmol/L. Among them, the most potent compound 19h exhibited about 12-fold potency better than ralfinamide. The investigation of their structure-activity relationship gives a strategy to improve the Nav1.7 inhibition of ralfinamide analogues. Compound 19h was efficacious in antinociception in the mouse spared nerve injury(SNI) model of neuropathic pain without causing sedation in the open field test.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.12202159,Grant No.12472216].
摘要As the semiconductor industry approaches the limits of traditional scaling,heterogeneous bonding technology has become a key enabler for the‘More Moore’and‘More than Moore’strategies.This paper provides a systematic review of the interface mechanics principles of heterogeneous bonding,with a focus on thermodynamic and shell mechanics theories.The paper explores how factors such as wettability,surface roughness,and flatness affect the physical adsorption behavior of bonding interfaces,and analyzes the surface chemical conditions required for the formation of stable covalent and metallic bonds.By integrating multiple materials,heterogeneous bonding overcomes the limitations of traditional single-chip integration systems,opening up new possibilities for high-performance,multifunctional semiconductor devices.This technology has significant applications in areas such as 3D integration,power electronics,photonics,and AI chip development.The paper also reviews the specific applications of metallic bonding,covalent bonding,and van der Waals bonding in heterogeneous integration.Ultimately,heterogeneous bonding is expected to drive the next wave of innovation in semiconductor technology,laying the foundation for more integrated and energy-efficient solutions for complex electronic systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81871481 and 81571802)the Fujian Provincial Youth Top-notch Talent Support program(China)National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0210800)
摘要Many sensitizers have not only photodynamic effects,but also sonodynamic effects.Therefore,the combination of sonodynamic therapy(SDT)and photodynamic therapy(PDT)using sensitizers for sonophotodynamic therapy(SPDT)provides alternative opportunities for clinical cancer therapy.Although significant advances have been made in synthesizing new sensitizers for SPDT,few of them are successfully applied in clinical settings.The anti-tumor effects of the sensitizers are restricted by the lack of tumor-targeting specificity,incapability in deep intratumoral delivery,and the deteriorating tumor microenvironment.The application of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems(NDDSs)can solve the above shortcomings,thereby improving the SPDT efficacy.This review summarizes various sensitizers as sono/photosensitizers that can be further used in SPDT,and describes different strategies for enhancing tumor treatment by NDDSs,such as overcoming biological barriers,improving tumor-targeted delivery and intratumoral delivery,providing stimuli-responsive controlled-release characteristics,stimulating anti-tumor immunity,increasing oxygen supply,employing different therapeutic modalities,and combining diagnosis and treatment.The challenges and prospects for further development of intelligent sensitizers and translational NDDSs for SPDT are also discussed.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32370066,32000058)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP622003)+1 种基金National First-class Discipline Program of Light Industry Technology and Engineering(QGJC20230202)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX23_2487).
摘要The probiotic bacterium Escherichia coli Nissle 1917(EcN)holds significant promise for use in clinical and biological industries.However,the reliance on antibiotics to maintain plasmid-borne genes has overshadowed its benefits.In this study,we addressed this issue by engineering the endogenous cryptic plasmids pMUT1 and pMUT2.The non-essential elements were removed to create more stable derivatives pMUT1NR△and pMUT2HBC△.Synthetic promoters by integrating binding motifs on sigma factors were further constructed and applied for expression of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron heparinaseⅢand the biosynthesis of ectoine.Compared to traditional antibiotic-dependent expression systems,our newly constructed antibiotic-free expression systems offer considerable advantages for clinical and synthetic biology applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62271243,62071215,91963128,and 61731010)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0700201)the Joint Fund of Ministry of Education for Equipment Pre-research(Grant No.8091B032112).
摘要Metasurfaces,ultrathin two-dimensional version of metamaterials,have attracted tremendous attention due to their exotic capabilities to freely manipulate electromagnetic waves.By incorporating various tunable materials or elements into metasurface designs,reconfigurable metasurfaces and related metadevices with functionalities controlled by external stimuli can be realized,opening a new avenue to achieving dynamic manipulation of electromagnetic waves.Recently,based on the tunable metasurface concept,reconfigurable intelligent surfaces(RISs)have received significant attention and have been regarded as a promising emerging technology for future wireless communication due to their potential to enhance the capacity and coverage of wireless networks by smartly reconfiguring the wireless propagation environment.Here,in this article,we first focus on technical issues of RIS system implementation by reviewing the existing research contributions,paying special attention to designs in the microwave regime.Then,we showcase our recent attempts to practically demonstrate RIS systems in real-world applications,including deploying reflective RIS systems in indoor scenarios to enhance the wireless network coverage and utilizing intelligent omni-metasurfaces to improve both indoor and through-wall wireless communication quality.Finally,we give our own perspectives on possible future directions and existing challenges for RISs toward a truly commercial intelligent technology platform.