Single-atom catalysts for CO2hydrogenation often deactivate due to structural instability under harsh reductive conditions.An amorphous-crystalline hybrid structured In2O3/Co3O4-based catalyst with Pt s...Single-atom catalysts for CO2hydrogenation often deactivate due to structural instability under harsh reductive conditions.An amorphous-crystalline hybrid structured In2O3/Co3O4-based catalyst with Pt single-atom implantation is innovatively synthesised by laser irradiation.In this work,a dynamic sacrificial-evolution-protection regulation strategy is proposed.The implanted Pt single-atoms,serving as active seeds,undergo migration and trigger reaction-induced dynamic evolution to generate sintering-resistant CoPt3and Co3InC0.75to prevent excessive reduction of In2O3to free metallic In.Concurrently,a self-constructed atomically ordered crystalline core-amorphous oxygen-enriched protective layer(AOL)contributes to anti-sintering,dynamic oxygen compensation,and stabilization of"HCOO intermediates.As a result,the catalyst achieves 16.21%±0.98% CO2conversion and 90.57%±1.02%CH3OH selectivity over 1000 h.This study elucidates the synergistic mechanism of laser-implanted single-atom catalysts,highlighting the dynamic evolution-driven retention of activity and stability,and establishes a direct correlation between the dynamic evolution of multicomponent structures and performance.This efficient and convenient laser solid-phase synthesis technique enables coupled design of single-atom implantation and dynamic regulation of multicomponent structures,offering a critical strategy for green methanol synthesis and the design of ultra-stable catalysts under extreme conditions.展开更多
Developing megahertz(MHz)electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption materials with broadband absorption,multi-temperature adaptability,and facile preparation method remains a challenge.Herein,nanocrystalline FeCoNiCr0.4Cu...Developing megahertz(MHz)electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption materials with broadband absorption,multi-temperature adaptability,and facile preparation method remains a challenge.Herein,nanocrystalline FeCoNiCr0.4Cu0.2 high-entropy alloy powders(HEAs)with both large aspect ratios and thin intergranular amorphous layers are constructed by a multistage mechanical alloying strategy,aiming to achieve excellent and temperature-stable permeability and EMW absorption.A single-phase face-centered cubic structure with good ductility and high crystallinity is obtained as wet milling precursors,via precisely controlling dry milling time.Then,HEAs are flattened to improve aspect ratios by synergistically regulating wet milling time.FeCoNiCr0.4Cu0.2 HEAs with dry milling 20 h and wet milling 5 h(D20)exhibit higher and more stable permeability because of larger aspect ratios and thinner intergranular amorphous layers.The maximum reflection loss(RL)of D20/SiO2 composites is greater than-7 dB with 5 mm thickness,and EMW absorption bandwidth(RL<-7 dB)can maintain between 523 and 600 MHz from-50 to 150℃.Furthermore,relying on the“cocktail effect”of HEAs,D20 sample also exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and high Curie temperature.This work provides a facile and tunable strategy to design MHz electromagnetic absorbers with temperature stability,broadband,and resistance to harsh environments.展开更多
This study focuses on the distribution of high-resistance media(pores and spinels)within ZnO varistors and explores the mechanical and electrical failure mechanisms of varistors under different pulse actions.Micro-CT ...This study focuses on the distribution of high-resistance media(pores and spinels)within ZnO varistors and explores the mechanical and electrical failure mechanisms of varistors under different pulse actions.Micro-CT technology revealed that the proportion of high-resistance media in the edge area is much higher than in the internal area.Simulation results indicated that a high porosity significantly increased temperature rise and thermal stress concentration,while a high spinel proportion exacerbated current concentration but had a relatively minor impact on the distribution of temperature rise and thermal stress.Under an electric field of 1000-1250 V/mm,pores transition from an insulating state to a conductive state,especially in the edge area,leading to concentrated temperature rise and thermal stress.Once the thermal stress exceeded the critical value of the mechanical strength of the pores,cracking failure occurred.The high spinel proportion in the edge area further intensified current concentration under high electric fields,working together with the conductivity of the pores to produce a significant local temperature rise,melting grain structure,and ultimately leading to puncture failure.This study provides a new perspective for understanding the failure mechanism of ZnO varistors and lays a theoretical foundation for the development of varistor materials with high energy absorption capacity.展开更多
Silicone grease(SG)is used for lubrication during cable accessory installation and can penetrate into the silicone rubber(SiR),leading to properties deterioration of the SiR.In this study,the effects of SG on the brea...Silicone grease(SG)is used for lubrication during cable accessory installation and can penetrate into the silicone rubber(SiR),leading to properties deterioration of the SiR.In this study,the effects of SG on the breakdown characteristics of the cross-linked poly-ethylene(XLPE)-SiR interface are investigated.First,the variation of the XLPE-SiR interface breakdown voltage with SG coating time is experimentally explored.The interface breakdown voltage significantly increases after SG is applied,remains stable for coating times of up to approximately 144 h and then rapidly decreases;the minimum interface breakdown voltage is lower than that without the SG coating.Next,the effects of SG on the chemical composition and surface topography of the SiR are examined by infrared spectroscopy and optical profilometry,respectively.The SG penetration does not change the functional groups of the SiR but significantly increases its surface roughness.Finally,the interface electric-field distribution after coating with SG is analysed by finite-element simulation,revealing that the residual SG at the interface distorts the interface electric field after a long coating time.The increase in the SiR surface roughness caused by SG diffusion and the interface electric-field distortion caused by the residual SG together lead to the decrease of the interface breakdown voltage.展开更多
基金supported by the Ningbo Yongjiang Science and Technology Programme(2023A-161-C)。
摘要Single-atom catalysts for CO2hydrogenation often deactivate due to structural instability under harsh reductive conditions.An amorphous-crystalline hybrid structured In2O3/Co3O4-based catalyst with Pt single-atom implantation is innovatively synthesised by laser irradiation.In this work,a dynamic sacrificial-evolution-protection regulation strategy is proposed.The implanted Pt single-atoms,serving as active seeds,undergo migration and trigger reaction-induced dynamic evolution to generate sintering-resistant CoPt3and Co3InC0.75to prevent excessive reduction of In2O3to free metallic In.Concurrently,a self-constructed atomically ordered crystalline core-amorphous oxygen-enriched protective layer(AOL)contributes to anti-sintering,dynamic oxygen compensation,and stabilization of"HCOO intermediates.As a result,the catalyst achieves 16.21%±0.98% CO2conversion and 90.57%±1.02%CH3OH selectivity over 1000 h.This study elucidates the synergistic mechanism of laser-implanted single-atom catalysts,highlighting the dynamic evolution-driven retention of activity and stability,and establishes a direct correlation between the dynamic evolution of multicomponent structures and performance.This efficient and convenient laser solid-phase synthesis technique enables coupled design of single-atom implantation and dynamic regulation of multicomponent structures,offering a critical strategy for green methanol synthesis and the design of ultra-stable catalysts under extreme conditions.
基金the Supported by Program for the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52071053,U1704253,52103334)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M670748,2020M680946)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT20GF111).
摘要Developing megahertz(MHz)electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption materials with broadband absorption,multi-temperature adaptability,and facile preparation method remains a challenge.Herein,nanocrystalline FeCoNiCr0.4Cu0.2 high-entropy alloy powders(HEAs)with both large aspect ratios and thin intergranular amorphous layers are constructed by a multistage mechanical alloying strategy,aiming to achieve excellent and temperature-stable permeability and EMW absorption.A single-phase face-centered cubic structure with good ductility and high crystallinity is obtained as wet milling precursors,via precisely controlling dry milling time.Then,HEAs are flattened to improve aspect ratios by synergistically regulating wet milling time.FeCoNiCr0.4Cu0.2 HEAs with dry milling 20 h and wet milling 5 h(D20)exhibit higher and more stable permeability because of larger aspect ratios and thinner intergranular amorphous layers.The maximum reflection loss(RL)of D20/SiO2 composites is greater than-7 dB with 5 mm thickness,and EMW absorption bandwidth(RL<-7 dB)can maintain between 523 and 600 MHz from-50 to 150℃.Furthermore,relying on the“cocktail effect”of HEAs,D20 sample also exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and high Curie temperature.This work provides a facile and tunable strategy to design MHz electromagnetic absorbers with temperature stability,broadband,and resistance to harsh environments.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Youth Fund Program),Grant/Award Number:52107158Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,Grant/Award Number:2024NSFSC0116Project of‘Gathering Resources to Prosper Sichuan’,Grant/Award Number:25JYXC0046。
摘要This study focuses on the distribution of high-resistance media(pores and spinels)within ZnO varistors and explores the mechanical and electrical failure mechanisms of varistors under different pulse actions.Micro-CT technology revealed that the proportion of high-resistance media in the edge area is much higher than in the internal area.Simulation results indicated that a high porosity significantly increased temperature rise and thermal stress concentration,while a high spinel proportion exacerbated current concentration but had a relatively minor impact on the distribution of temperature rise and thermal stress.Under an electric field of 1000-1250 V/mm,pores transition from an insulating state to a conductive state,especially in the edge area,leading to concentrated temperature rise and thermal stress.Once the thermal stress exceeded the critical value of the mechanical strength of the pores,cracking failure occurred.The high spinel proportion in the edge area further intensified current concentration under high electric fields,working together with the conductivity of the pores to produce a significant local temperature rise,melting grain structure,and ultimately leading to puncture failure.This study provides a new perspective for understanding the failure mechanism of ZnO varistors and lays a theoretical foundation for the development of varistor materials with high energy absorption capacity.
基金Basic Applied Study of Sichuan Province,Grant/Award Number:2021YJ0538National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:NSFC 51877142,NSFC 52107158。
摘要Silicone grease(SG)is used for lubrication during cable accessory installation and can penetrate into the silicone rubber(SiR),leading to properties deterioration of the SiR.In this study,the effects of SG on the breakdown characteristics of the cross-linked poly-ethylene(XLPE)-SiR interface are investigated.First,the variation of the XLPE-SiR interface breakdown voltage with SG coating time is experimentally explored.The interface breakdown voltage significantly increases after SG is applied,remains stable for coating times of up to approximately 144 h and then rapidly decreases;the minimum interface breakdown voltage is lower than that without the SG coating.Next,the effects of SG on the chemical composition and surface topography of the SiR are examined by infrared spectroscopy and optical profilometry,respectively.The SG penetration does not change the functional groups of the SiR but significantly increases its surface roughness.Finally,the interface electric-field distribution after coating with SG is analysed by finite-element simulation,revealing that the residual SG at the interface distorts the interface electric field after a long coating time.The increase in the SiR surface roughness caused by SG diffusion and the interface electric-field distortion caused by the residual SG together lead to the decrease of the interface breakdown voltage.