Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen(TACA)-based cancer vaccines face clinical challenges due to heterogeneous TACA expression,which compromises antibody-mediated tumor recognition and leads to suboptimal therapeutic...Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen(TACA)-based cancer vaccines face clinical challenges due to heterogeneous TACA expression,which compromises antibody-mediated tumor recognition and leads to suboptimal therapeutic outcomes.To address this limitation,we report a combined strategy that integrates vaccination with TACA-based antibody-recruiting molecules.This approach simultaneously redirects antiTACA antibodies to tumor cells expressing a secondary target,thereby enhancing the efficacy of TACA-based vaccines.Using sialyl-Tn(sTn)as a model TACA and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)as model protein targets,we designed two nanobody(Nb)-sTn conjugates as TACA-based antibody-recruiting molecules:EGFR-targeting 7D12-sTn and HER2-targeting C7b-s Tn.These conjugates were synthesized via sortase A-mediated ligation and demonstrated strong binding profiles.Importantly,they effectively redirected anti-s Tn antibodies,generated by the Theratope vaccine,to target cells in situ,significantly improving the recognition of tumor cells by antis Tn antibodies.The synergistic potential of these conjugates in amplifying the therapeutic effect of the s Tn-KLH vaccine was further validated through complement-dependent cytotoxicity assays.This innovative strategy represents a highly promising approach to overcome the clinical challenges posed by TACA heterogeneity in cancer vaccine development.展开更多
Objective Several epidemiological observational studies have related particulate matter(PM)exposure to Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),but many confounding factors make it difficult to draw causal links from observati...Objective Several epidemiological observational studies have related particulate matter(PM)exposure to Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),but many confounding factors make it difficult to draw causal links from observational studies.The objective of this study was to explore the causal association between PM2.5exposure,its absorbance,and IBD.Methods We assessed the association of PM2.5and PM2.5absorbance with the two primary forms of IBD(Crohn’s disease[CD]and ulcerative colitis[UC])using Mendelian randomization(MR)to explore the causal relationship.We conducted two-sample MR analyses with aggregated data from the UK Biobank genome-wide association study.Single-nucleotide polymorphisms linked with PM2.5concentrations or their absorbance were used as instrumental variables(IVs).We used inverse variance weighting(IVW)as the primary analytical approach and four other standard methods as supplementary analyses for quality control.Results The results of MR demonstrated that PM2.5had an adverse influence on UC risk(odds ratio[OR]=1.010;95%confidence interval[CI]=1.001–1.019,P=0.020).Meanwhile,the results of IVW showed that PM2.5absorbance was also causally associated with UC(OR=1.012;95%CI=1.004–1.019,P=0.002).We observed no causal relationship between PM2.5,PM2.5absorbance,and CD.The results of sensitivity analysis indicated the absence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy,ensuring the reliability of MR results.Conclusion Based on two-sample MR analyses,there are potential positive causal relationships between PM2.5,PM2.5absorbance,and UC.展开更多
Fully synthetic vaccine,in which one or multi-molecular antigens are conjugated to a synthetic carrier with well-defined chemical structure,is a new direction to develop carbohydrate-based vaccine against cancer and p...Fully synthetic vaccine,in which one or multi-molecular antigens are conjugated to a synthetic carrier with well-defined chemical structure,is a new direction to develop carbohydrate-based vaccine against cancer and pathogens.Toll like receptor(TLR)agonists with the ability to stimulate immune response have been widely investigated and been applied as build-in adjuvants to construct fully synthetic vaccines.In particular,remarkable progress has been achieved in recent years in the development of vaccines constructed with the agonists of TLRI 2,TLR2/6 and TLR4 and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens(TACAs).These di-,tri-or multi-component vaccine candidates showed attractive immunologi-cal properties.This review highlights recent advances in developing full synthetic carbohydrate antigen based vaccines,with an emphasis on the structure-activity relationships that provide a primary basis for future vaccine design and immunotherapy developing.展开更多
Background:Sortase A(SrtA)is a transpeptidase found in Staphylococcus aureus,which is widely used in site-specific protein modification.However,SrtA was expressed in Escherichia coli(E.coli)in rather low level(ranging...Background:Sortase A(SrtA)is a transpeptidase found in Staphylococcus aureus,which is widely used in site-specific protein modification.However,SrtA was expressed in Escherichia coli(E.coli)in rather low level(ranging from several milligrams to 76.9 mg/L at most).The present study aims to optimize fermentation conditions for improving SrtA expression in E.coli.Results:Under the optimized media(0.48 g/L glycerol,1.37 g/L tryptone,0.51 g/L yeast extract,MOPS 0.5 g/L,PBS buffer 180 mL/L)and condition(30℃ for 8 h)in a 7-L fermentor,the enzyme activity and the yield of SrtA reached 2458.4±115.9 U/mg DCW and 232.4±21.1 mg/L,respectively,which were higher by 5.8-and 4.5-folds compared with initial conditions,respectively.The yield of SrtA also represented threefold increase than the previously reported maximal level.In addition,the enzymatic characterizations of SrtA(optimal temperature,optimal pH,the influence of metal irons,and tolerance to water-soluble organic solvents)were determined.Conclusions:Enhanced expression of SrtA was achieved by optimization of medium and condition.This result will have potential application for production levels of SrtA on an industry scale.Moreover,the detailed enzymatic characterizations of SrtA were examined,which will provide a useful guide for its future application.展开更多
Targeting delivery of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen(TACA)-based vaccine to antigen-presenting cells(APCs)mediated by endogenous antibodies can improve the immunogenicity of TACA.However,an essential requiremen...Targeting delivery of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen(TACA)-based vaccine to antigen-presenting cells(APCs)mediated by endogenous antibodies can improve the immunogenicity of TACA.However,an essential requirement of this approach is to generate high titers of endogenous antibodies in vivo through pre-immunization,which complicates the immunization procedure and may cause side effects.Herein,we report a new generation of APC-targeting TACA-based supramolecular complex vaccine,assembled by sialyl Thomsen-nouveau-bovine serum albumin-adamantine(sTn-BSA-Ada)and heptavalent rhamnose(Rha)-modifiedβ-cyclodextrin(β-CD)via host-guest interaction.The complex vaccine retained anti-Rha antibodies recruiting capability and facilitated the APCs uptake of the vaccine via the interaction of the Fc-domain with the Fc receptors on APCs.We demonstrate that direct immunization of complex vaccine elicited anti-Rha and anti-sTn specific immune response synchronously,generating a novel self-enhancement effect that can improve the antigen delivery to APCs in high efficacy.The structure-activity relationship(SAR)study proved that complex vaccine 4 with polyethylene glycol 6(PEG 6)linker in host molecule provoked a robust and specific sTn immune response comparable to the pre-immunization approach.The antisera induced by complex vaccine,either through direct immunization or pre-immunization,exhibited equal potency of cytotoxicity against the sTn expression cancer cells.This study provides a general platform for TACA-based vaccines with self-enhancement effects without the need for pre-immunization.展开更多
Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens(TACAs) are attractive targets for vaccine development. In this context, we described a strategy combining artificial TACA and glycoengineering for cancer vaccine development. A 2...Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens(TACAs) are attractive targets for vaccine development. In this context, we described a strategy combining artificial TACA and glycoengineering for cancer vaccine development. A 2,4-ditrophenyl(DNP)-modified GM3 intermediate was synthesized chemoenzymatically and conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin(KLH), and the resulting bioconjugate was tested for its potential as a vaccine candidate. Mice immunological studies revealed that the DNP-modified GM3(GM3-NHDNP) analog elicited strong and rapid immune responses by recruiting anti-DNP antibodies to facilitate the targeted delivery of the vaccine construct to antigen processing cells(APCs). Moreover, the endogenously produced anti-DNP antibodies, together with the elicited antibodies against GM3-NHDNP, may synergistically promote tumor binding and cancer cell death when the cancer cell surfaces are glycoengineered to express the GM3-NHDNP antigen.展开更多
We construct MUC1 vaccines usingβ-cyclodextrin grafted chitosan(CS-g-CD)as carrier via host-guest interaction.These vaccines based on non-covalent assembling can provoke robust immune responses,including high level o...We construct MUC1 vaccines usingβ-cyclodextrin grafted chitosan(CS-g-CD)as carrier via host-guest interaction.These vaccines based on non-covalent assembling can provoke robust immune responses,including high level of specific antibodies and cytokines.The induced antibodies can specifically recognize tumor cells and mediate cytotoxicity against tumor cells.These results indicate that CS-g-CD with strong immunostimulatory activities can be a straightforward platform for peptide-based vaccine construction.展开更多
Staphylococcus aureus wall teichoic acids(WTAs) are attractive targets for antibacterial vaccine development. In this study, three core glycosylated WTA structure, including α-1,4-Glc NAc, β-1,4-Glc NAc andβ-1,3-Gl...Staphylococcus aureus wall teichoic acids(WTAs) are attractive targets for antibacterial vaccine development. In this study, three core glycosylated WTA structure, including α-1,4-Glc NAc, β-1,4-Glc NAc andβ-1,3-Glc NAc modified ribitol phosphates containing a linker are chemically synthesized and conjugated with tetanus toxin(TT) carrier protein as vaccine candidates. In vivo immunological studies demonstrate that the synthesized glycosylated WTAs display high immunogenicity and all conjugates provoke strong immune responses and elicit high levels of specific IgG antibodies against the Glc NAc-modified WTA. Furthermore, antibodies elicited by the vaccine candidates remain the capability to recognize S. aureus cells and display significant opsonophagocytic activity to clear S. aureus. This study demonstrates that the core structure of glycosylated WTAs are effective antigens for constructing anti-S. aureus vaccines to prevent and control S. aureus infections.展开更多
We report the design and development of aβ-glucuronidase(β-Glu)-responsive ManNAz derivative,Glu-AAM,for tumor-selective metabolic glycoengineering.Glu-AAM enables specific labeling of tumor cell surface sialoglycan...We report the design and development of aβ-glucuronidase(β-Glu)-responsive ManNAz derivative,Glu-AAM,for tumor-selective metabolic glycoengineering.Glu-AAM enables specific labeling of tumor cell surface sialoglycans in the presence of overexpressedβ-Glu in cancer cells,including breast,leukemia,and colorectal cancer cells.We demonstrate the high selectivity and efficiency of Glu-AAM-mediated metabolic glycoengineering across multiple cancer cell lines.Furthermore,we synthesized multivalent antibody-recruiting molecules(DBCO-Rha)that can be covalently attached to the azido-modified tumor cell surface,leading to potent antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis and complement-dependent cytotoxicity.The octameric DBCO-Rha8 construct exhibited the most effective immune response.This integrated strategy ofβ-Glu-responsive metabolic glycoengineering and antibody-recruiting immunotherapy provides a promising platform for targeted cancer therapies and expands the toolbox of metabolic glycoengineering for cancer immunotherapy.展开更多
T7 RNA polymerase(T7 RNAP)-catalyzed in vitro transcription(IVT)is the gold standard manufacturing process for large-scale production of therapeutic mRNA molecules.However,the undesired catalytic activity of T7 RNAP c...T7 RNA polymerase(T7 RNAP)-catalyzed in vitro transcription(IVT)is the gold standard manufacturing process for large-scale production of therapeutic mRNA molecules.However,the undesired catalytic activity of T7 RNAP concomitantly generates deleterious impurities,such as double-stranded RNAs,that can exacerbate the downstream purification burden and engender safety concerns.The aim of this study was to engineer T7 RNAP thermostability for high-temperature IVT to reduce the dsRNA.The web server PROSS was utilized to predict thermostable mutation sites from the intermediate and elongation structure of T7 RNAP.Through systematic evaluation of individual mutation sites followed by greedy-accumulation optimization of multi-site combinatorial mutants,we successfully overcame the inherent activity-stability trade-off during the evolution and obtained a thermostable variant,M10(Tm:49.5℃),which exhibits robust catalytic activity at elevated temperatures and significantly reduced dsRNA byproduct formation.Structural analysis using homology modelling and molecular dynamics(MD)simulation revealed that the accumulated mutations increased the local rigidity of T7 RNAP with a compacted conformation,enhanced the helical propensity,and allowed the formation of new salt bridges.The enhanced mutant has the potential to act as an effective biocatalyst for high-temperature IVT,adding in high-quality mRNA production,which is a prerequisite for optimizing the downstream purification processes and improving the clinical viability of such therapeutic agents.展开更多
Deoxycholic acid(DCA)has been authorized by the Federal Drug Agency for cosmetic reduction of redundant submental fat.The hydroxylated product(6β-OH DCA)was developed to improve the solubility and pharmaceutic proper...Deoxycholic acid(DCA)has been authorized by the Federal Drug Agency for cosmetic reduction of redundant submental fat.The hydroxylated product(6β-OH DCA)was developed to improve the solubility and pharmaceutic properties of DCA for further applications.Herein,a combinatorial catalytic strategy was applied to construct a powerful Cytochrome P450 biocatalyst(CYP107D1,OleP)to convert DCA to 6β-OH DCA.Firstly,the weak expression of OleP was significantly improved using pRSFDuet-1 plasmid in the E.coli C41(DE3)strain.Next,the supply of heme was enhanced by the moderate overexpression of crucial genes in the heme biosynthetic pathway.In addition,a new biosensor was developed to select the appropriate redox partner.Furthermore,a cost-effective whole-cell catalytic system was constructed,resulting in the highest reported conversion rate of 6β-OH DCA(from 4.8%to 99.1%).The combinatorial catalytic strategies applied in this study provide an efficient method to synthesize high-value-added hydroxylated compounds by P450s.展开更多
To address the deficient activity of TrCel5A in naturally secreted cellulase preparation,this study used the GAP promoter to induce constitutive expression of Trichoderma reesei TrCel5A in Pichia pastoris.A recombinan...To address the deficient activity of TrCel5A in naturally secreted cellulase preparation,this study used the GAP promoter to induce constitutive expression of Trichoderma reesei TrCel5A in Pichia pastoris.A recombinant TrCel5A was screened out after gene optimization,synthesis,and expression.The biochemical and enzymatic properties of the new recombinant were characterized.As a result,optimization of shake-flask fermentation of the recombinant was obtained at 28℃,2%inoculum volume,an initial pH of 6.0,as well as glycerol and Tween-80 additions of 30 g/L and 6 g/L,respectively.Under the above-optimized conditions,the recombinant produced 14.8 U/mL of the enzyme activity at 96 h of fermentation.To further enhance enzyme production,pilot-scale cultivation was evaluated using 5-L bioreactors.Using high-cell-density fermentation,the recombinant strain increased enzyme activity to 130.4 U/ml and protein content to 2.49 g/L.In addition,the kinetic factors,including Km and Vmax values for TrCel5A,were detected to be 5.1 mg/mL and 265.9μmol/(min.mg),respectively.Thus,TrCel5A was effectively expressed in P.pastoris under the GAP promoter,and it demonstrated its potential in commercially relevant enzyme hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass.展开更多
Elevated O-GlcNAcylation has been shown to be closely correlated with the occurrence and development of cancer,and inhibiting O-GlcNAc transferase(OGT)activity was demonstrated as a potential tumor treatment strategy....Elevated O-GlcNAcylation has been shown to be closely correlated with the occurrence and development of cancer,and inhibiting O-GlcNAc transferase(OGT)activity was demonstrated as a potential tumor treatment strategy.However,the development of pharmacological OGT inhibitors still faces challenges,such as low affinity and poor selectivity.Consider-ing to OGT preferences for the sequence of its peptidic substrates,we herein integrated molecular dynamics simulation approaches to give deep insights into the binding behaviors between OGT and its peptidic substrate ZO3S1,and discussed the unfavorable inter-residue contacts inside the binding pocket,especially between H509 of OGT and S15 of the peptide,upon temperature increase.Removing this unfavorable contact from the peptide(ZO3S1 with S15A mutation)was shown to be able to increase its interaction with OGT,which was manifested by the enhanced OGT activity against this peptide.The pseudo-substrate peptide(ZO3S1 with S13A and S15A mutations)inhibited the activity of purified OGT with an IC50of 192.9μM and it can also inhibit the total O-GlcNAcylation in cancer cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner.Our results provided useful models and basis for further rational optimization of selective OGT inhibitors based on the dynamic interactions of OGT and its peptidic substrates.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFA0914300)in partly funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universties(No.JUSRP123037)the 111 Project(No.111–2–06)。
摘要Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen(TACA)-based cancer vaccines face clinical challenges due to heterogeneous TACA expression,which compromises antibody-mediated tumor recognition and leads to suboptimal therapeutic outcomes.To address this limitation,we report a combined strategy that integrates vaccination with TACA-based antibody-recruiting molecules.This approach simultaneously redirects antiTACA antibodies to tumor cells expressing a secondary target,thereby enhancing the efficacy of TACA-based vaccines.Using sialyl-Tn(sTn)as a model TACA and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)as model protein targets,we designed two nanobody(Nb)-sTn conjugates as TACA-based antibody-recruiting molecules:EGFR-targeting 7D12-sTn and HER2-targeting C7b-s Tn.These conjugates were synthesized via sortase A-mediated ligation and demonstrated strong binding profiles.Importantly,they effectively redirected anti-s Tn antibodies,generated by the Theratope vaccine,to target cells in situ,significantly improving the recognition of tumor cells by antis Tn antibodies.The synergistic potential of these conjugates in amplifying the therapeutic effect of the s Tn-KLH vaccine was further validated through complement-dependent cytotoxicity assays.This innovative strategy represents a highly promising approach to overcome the clinical challenges posed by TACA heterogeneity in cancer vaccine development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82303169)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(No.2021ZDLSF02-06).
摘要Objective Several epidemiological observational studies have related particulate matter(PM)exposure to Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),but many confounding factors make it difficult to draw causal links from observational studies.The objective of this study was to explore the causal association between PM2.5exposure,its absorbance,and IBD.Methods We assessed the association of PM2.5and PM2.5absorbance with the two primary forms of IBD(Crohn’s disease[CD]and ulcerative colitis[UC])using Mendelian randomization(MR)to explore the causal relationship.We conducted two-sample MR analyses with aggregated data from the UK Biobank genome-wide association study.Single-nucleotide polymorphisms linked with PM2.5concentrations or their absorbance were used as instrumental variables(IVs).We used inverse variance weighting(IVW)as the primary analytical approach and four other standard methods as supplementary analyses for quality control.Results The results of MR demonstrated that PM2.5had an adverse influence on UC risk(odds ratio[OR]=1.010;95%confidence interval[CI]=1.001–1.019,P=0.020).Meanwhile,the results of IVW showed that PM2.5absorbance was also causally associated with UC(OR=1.012;95%CI=1.004–1.019,P=0.002).We observed no causal relationship between PM2.5,PM2.5absorbance,and CD.The results of sensitivity analysis indicated the absence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy,ensuring the reliability of MR results.Conclusion Based on two-sample MR analyses,there are potential positive causal relationships between PM2.5,PM2.5absorbance,and UC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21472070,21602084)the project for Jiangsu Scientific and Technological Innovation Team+4 种基金the fund for Jiangsu Distinguished Professorship Programthe project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe 111 Project(No.111-2-06)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.JUSRP11729)the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry&Biotechnology Ministry of Education(No.KLCCB-KF201608)
摘要Fully synthetic vaccine,in which one or multi-molecular antigens are conjugated to a synthetic carrier with well-defined chemical structure,is a new direction to develop carbohydrate-based vaccine against cancer and pathogens.Toll like receptor(TLR)agonists with the ability to stimulate immune response have been widely investigated and been applied as build-in adjuvants to construct fully synthetic vaccines.In particular,remarkable progress has been achieved in recent years in the development of vaccines constructed with the agonists of TLRI 2,TLR2/6 and TLR4 and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens(TACAs).These di-,tri-or multi-component vaccine candidates showed attractive immunologi-cal properties.This review highlights recent advances in developing full synthetic carbohydrate antigen based vaccines,with an emphasis on the structure-activity relationships that provide a primary basis for future vaccine design and immunotherapy developing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21472070)the Project for Jiangsu Scientific and Technological Innovation Team,the Fund for Jiangsu Distinguished Professorship Program,and the State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs(K20140216)+1 种基金The Project was funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,the 111 Project(No.111-2-06)the Jiangsu province“Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Industrial Fermentation”industry development program.
摘要Background:Sortase A(SrtA)is a transpeptidase found in Staphylococcus aureus,which is widely used in site-specific protein modification.However,SrtA was expressed in Escherichia coli(E.coli)in rather low level(ranging from several milligrams to 76.9 mg/L at most).The present study aims to optimize fermentation conditions for improving SrtA expression in E.coli.Results:Under the optimized media(0.48 g/L glycerol,1.37 g/L tryptone,0.51 g/L yeast extract,MOPS 0.5 g/L,PBS buffer 180 mL/L)and condition(30℃ for 8 h)in a 7-L fermentor,the enzyme activity and the yield of SrtA reached 2458.4±115.9 U/mg DCW and 232.4±21.1 mg/L,respectively,which were higher by 5.8-and 4.5-folds compared with initial conditions,respectively.The yield of SrtA also represented threefold increase than the previously reported maximal level.In addition,the enzymatic characterizations of SrtA(optimal temperature,optimal pH,the influence of metal irons,and tolerance to water-soluble organic solvents)were determined.Conclusions:Enhanced expression of SrtA was achieved by optimization of medium and condition.This result will have potential application for production levels of SrtA on an industry scale.Moreover,the detailed enzymatic characterizations of SrtA were examined,which will provide a useful guide for its future application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22177040)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20200601)partly funded by the 111 Project(No.111-2-06).
摘要Targeting delivery of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen(TACA)-based vaccine to antigen-presenting cells(APCs)mediated by endogenous antibodies can improve the immunogenicity of TACA.However,an essential requirement of this approach is to generate high titers of endogenous antibodies in vivo through pre-immunization,which complicates the immunization procedure and may cause side effects.Herein,we report a new generation of APC-targeting TACA-based supramolecular complex vaccine,assembled by sialyl Thomsen-nouveau-bovine serum albumin-adamantine(sTn-BSA-Ada)and heptavalent rhamnose(Rha)-modifiedβ-cyclodextrin(β-CD)via host-guest interaction.The complex vaccine retained anti-Rha antibodies recruiting capability and facilitated the APCs uptake of the vaccine via the interaction of the Fc-domain with the Fc receptors on APCs.We demonstrate that direct immunization of complex vaccine elicited anti-Rha and anti-sTn specific immune response synchronously,generating a novel self-enhancement effect that can improve the antigen delivery to APCs in high efficacy.The structure-activity relationship(SAR)study proved that complex vaccine 4 with polyethylene glycol 6(PEG 6)linker in host molecule provoked a robust and specific sTn immune response comparable to the pre-immunization approach.The antisera induced by complex vaccine,either through direct immunization or pre-immunization,exhibited equal potency of cytotoxicity against the sTn expression cancer cells.This study provides a general platform for TACA-based vaccines with self-enhancement effects without the need for pre-immunization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21907038, 32000904)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20200601, China)+4 种基金the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents of China (No. BX20200153)the Health and Family Planning Commission of Wuxi, China (No. Z202005)the Social Development Key Project of Jiangsu Province (No. BE2019632, China)partly supported by the 111 Project (No. 111-2-06, China)the National First-class Discipline Program of Food Science and Technology (No. JUFSTR20180101, China)。
摘要Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens(TACAs) are attractive targets for vaccine development. In this context, we described a strategy combining artificial TACA and glycoengineering for cancer vaccine development. A 2,4-ditrophenyl(DNP)-modified GM3 intermediate was synthesized chemoenzymatically and conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin(KLH), and the resulting bioconjugate was tested for its potential as a vaccine candidate. Mice immunological studies revealed that the DNP-modified GM3(GM3-NHDNP) analog elicited strong and rapid immune responses by recruiting anti-DNP antibodies to facilitate the targeted delivery of the vaccine construct to antigen processing cells(APCs). Moreover, the endogenously produced anti-DNP antibodies, together with the elicited antibodies against GM3-NHDNP, may synergistically promote tumor binding and cancer cell death when the cancer cell surfaces are glycoengineered to express the GM3-NHDNP antigen.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21907038 and 32000904)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20200601)+5 种基金National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents of China(No.BX20200153)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2018M632227 and2021M691293)the Social Development Key Project of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2019632)the Health and Family Planning Commission of Wuxi,China(No.Z202005)Suzhou People’s Livelihood Science and Technology Project,China(No.SYS2018100)supported by the 111 Project(No.111-2-06)。
摘要We construct MUC1 vaccines usingβ-cyclodextrin grafted chitosan(CS-g-CD)as carrier via host-guest interaction.These vaccines based on non-covalent assembling can provoke robust immune responses,including high level of specific antibodies and cytokines.The induced antibodies can specifically recognize tumor cells and mediate cytotoxicity against tumor cells.These results indicate that CS-g-CD with strong immunostimulatory activities can be a straightforward platform for peptide-based vaccine construction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21472070 and 22177040)partly supported by the 111 Project (No. 111-2-06)。
摘要Staphylococcus aureus wall teichoic acids(WTAs) are attractive targets for antibacterial vaccine development. In this study, three core glycosylated WTA structure, including α-1,4-Glc NAc, β-1,4-Glc NAc andβ-1,3-Glc NAc modified ribitol phosphates containing a linker are chemically synthesized and conjugated with tetanus toxin(TT) carrier protein as vaccine candidates. In vivo immunological studies demonstrate that the synthesized glycosylated WTAs display high immunogenicity and all conjugates provoke strong immune responses and elicit high levels of specific IgG antibodies against the Glc NAc-modified WTA. Furthermore, antibodies elicited by the vaccine candidates remain the capability to recognize S. aureus cells and display significant opsonophagocytic activity to clear S. aureus. This study demonstrates that the core structure of glycosylated WTAs are effective antigens for constructing anti-S. aureus vaccines to prevent and control S. aureus infections.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22177040)partly funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.JUSRP123037)the 111 Project(No.111-2-06).
摘要We report the design and development of aβ-glucuronidase(β-Glu)-responsive ManNAz derivative,Glu-AAM,for tumor-selective metabolic glycoengineering.Glu-AAM enables specific labeling of tumor cell surface sialoglycans in the presence of overexpressedβ-Glu in cancer cells,including breast,leukemia,and colorectal cancer cells.We demonstrate the high selectivity and efficiency of Glu-AAM-mediated metabolic glycoengineering across multiple cancer cell lines.Furthermore,we synthesized multivalent antibody-recruiting molecules(DBCO-Rha)that can be covalently attached to the azido-modified tumor cell surface,leading to potent antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis and complement-dependent cytotoxicity.The octameric DBCO-Rha8 construct exhibited the most effective immune response.This integrated strategy ofβ-Glu-responsive metabolic glycoengineering and antibody-recruiting immunotherapy provides a promising platform for targeted cancer therapies and expands the toolbox of metabolic glycoengineering for cancer immunotherapy.
基金supported by the Social Development Key Project of Jiangsu Province(BE2023682)supported by the Open lab foundation of the Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry&Biotechnology(No.KLCCB-KF202304)the 111 Project(No.111-2-06).
摘要T7 RNA polymerase(T7 RNAP)-catalyzed in vitro transcription(IVT)is the gold standard manufacturing process for large-scale production of therapeutic mRNA molecules.However,the undesired catalytic activity of T7 RNAP concomitantly generates deleterious impurities,such as double-stranded RNAs,that can exacerbate the downstream purification burden and engender safety concerns.The aim of this study was to engineer T7 RNAP thermostability for high-temperature IVT to reduce the dsRNA.The web server PROSS was utilized to predict thermostable mutation sites from the intermediate and elongation structure of T7 RNAP.Through systematic evaluation of individual mutation sites followed by greedy-accumulation optimization of multi-site combinatorial mutants,we successfully overcame the inherent activity-stability trade-off during the evolution and obtained a thermostable variant,M10(Tm:49.5℃),which exhibits robust catalytic activity at elevated temperatures and significantly reduced dsRNA byproduct formation.Structural analysis using homology modelling and molecular dynamics(MD)simulation revealed that the accumulated mutations increased the local rigidity of T7 RNAP with a compacted conformation,enhanced the helical propensity,and allowed the formation of new salt bridges.The enhanced mutant has the potential to act as an effective biocatalyst for high-temperature IVT,adding in high-quality mRNA production,which is a prerequisite for optimizing the downstream purification processes and improving the clinical viability of such therapeutic agents.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFA0906400)the National First-class Discipline Program of Light Industry Technology and Engineering(LITE2018-08)+1 种基金Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX23_2486)We thank Prof.Shengying Li(Shandong University,China)for providing plasmids pET28a-SelFdx1499 and pET28a-SelFdR0978.
摘要Deoxycholic acid(DCA)has been authorized by the Federal Drug Agency for cosmetic reduction of redundant submental fat.The hydroxylated product(6β-OH DCA)was developed to improve the solubility and pharmaceutic properties of DCA for further applications.Herein,a combinatorial catalytic strategy was applied to construct a powerful Cytochrome P450 biocatalyst(CYP107D1,OleP)to convert DCA to 6β-OH DCA.Firstly,the weak expression of OleP was significantly improved using pRSFDuet-1 plasmid in the E.coli C41(DE3)strain.Next,the supply of heme was enhanced by the moderate overexpression of crucial genes in the heme biosynthetic pathway.In addition,a new biosensor was developed to select the appropriate redox partner.Furthermore,a cost-effective whole-cell catalytic system was constructed,resulting in the highest reported conversion rate of 6β-OH DCA(from 4.8%to 99.1%).The combinatorial catalytic strategies applied in this study provide an efficient method to synthesize high-value-added hydroxylated compounds by P450s.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFE0114600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(21776114).
摘要To address the deficient activity of TrCel5A in naturally secreted cellulase preparation,this study used the GAP promoter to induce constitutive expression of Trichoderma reesei TrCel5A in Pichia pastoris.A recombinant TrCel5A was screened out after gene optimization,synthesis,and expression.The biochemical and enzymatic properties of the new recombinant were characterized.As a result,optimization of shake-flask fermentation of the recombinant was obtained at 28℃,2%inoculum volume,an initial pH of 6.0,as well as glycerol and Tween-80 additions of 30 g/L and 6 g/L,respectively.Under the above-optimized conditions,the recombinant produced 14.8 U/mL of the enzyme activity at 96 h of fermentation.To further enhance enzyme production,pilot-scale cultivation was evaluated using 5-L bioreactors.Using high-cell-density fermentation,the recombinant strain increased enzyme activity to 130.4 U/ml and protein content to 2.49 g/L.In addition,the kinetic factors,including Km and Vmax values for TrCel5A,were detected to be 5.1 mg/mL and 265.9μmol/(min.mg),respectively.Thus,TrCel5A was effectively expressed in P.pastoris under the GAP promoter,and it demonstrated its potential in commercially relevant enzyme hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21907038)supported by the basic research program of Jiangnan university(No.JUSRP12016)the innovation and entrepreneurship program of Jiangsu province.
摘要Elevated O-GlcNAcylation has been shown to be closely correlated with the occurrence and development of cancer,and inhibiting O-GlcNAc transferase(OGT)activity was demonstrated as a potential tumor treatment strategy.However,the development of pharmacological OGT inhibitors still faces challenges,such as low affinity and poor selectivity.Consider-ing to OGT preferences for the sequence of its peptidic substrates,we herein integrated molecular dynamics simulation approaches to give deep insights into the binding behaviors between OGT and its peptidic substrate ZO3S1,and discussed the unfavorable inter-residue contacts inside the binding pocket,especially between H509 of OGT and S15 of the peptide,upon temperature increase.Removing this unfavorable contact from the peptide(ZO3S1 with S15A mutation)was shown to be able to increase its interaction with OGT,which was manifested by the enhanced OGT activity against this peptide.The pseudo-substrate peptide(ZO3S1 with S13A and S15A mutations)inhibited the activity of purified OGT with an IC50of 192.9μM and it can also inhibit the total O-GlcNAcylation in cancer cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner.Our results provided useful models and basis for further rational optimization of selective OGT inhibitors based on the dynamic interactions of OGT and its peptidic substrates.