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PⅢ/PⅤ-catalytic platform enabling N-fluoro-thiocarbonylation of diaryl amines for modular synthesis of tertiary N-trifluoromethylamines 认领 引用
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作者 Dongke Zhang Li-Ao Ding +2 位作者 Qiuyu Xiang Zhuojun Li Qian Wu 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第5期289-294,共6页
Tertiary N–CF3 compounds have attracted intensive attention due to their great significance in discovery of new lead compounds,however,the synthesis of tertiary diaryl N–CF3 derivatives is still challenging.He... Tertiary N–CF3 compounds have attracted intensive attention due to their great significance in discovery of new lead compounds,however,the synthesis of tertiary diaryl N–CF3 derivatives is still challenging.Herein,we successfully edit diaryl N–H into thiocarbamoyl fluorides with trifluoromethanesulfonyl chloride by use of a PⅢ/PⅤ redox catalyst,leading to the formation of series of diaryl N–CF3 with silver fluoride.In addition,this process is also highly efficient to dialkyl and alkylaryl secondary amines.The mechanism investigation illustrated that the use of hydrosilane is crucial to the success of this transformation.It acts as both terminal reductants to cycle the PⅢ/PⅤ couple and fluoride acceptor to promote the reaction between less reactive amine and thiocarbonyl difluoride intermediate. 展开更多
关键词 N-Trifluoromethylation Thiocarbamoyl fluoride Silane Phosphorus catalysis Diaryl amine
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Dissecting Multiple Arabidopsis CC-NBS-LRR Proteins Structure and Localization 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Jianzhong Huang Xiuying Guan +6 位作者 Xiaoju Zhong Peng Jia Hongbin Zhang Kai Chen Zhuojun Li Guangyu Chen Chuitang Zeng 《Journal of Biosciences and Medicines》 2024年第7期87-99,共13页
NBS-LRR (nucleotide binding sites and leucine rich repeat) protein plays a crucial role as sentries and as defense activators in plants. The structure and function of NBS-LRR proteins are closely related. Previous art... NBS-LRR (nucleotide binding sites and leucine rich repeat) protein plays a crucial role as sentries and as defense activators in plants. The structure and function of NBS-LRR proteins are closely related. Previous articles have announced that the activated ZAR1 (HopZ-Activated Resistance 1) forms a pentamer in the plasma membrane, which is a calcium permeable channel that can trigger plant immune signaling and cell death. However, the structure of galore NBS-LRRs in Arabidopsis is not yet clear. The functional sites of distinct NBS-LRR in cells may vary. In addition, identifying pathogens and activating defense regions may occur in different subcellular compartments. Therefore, dissecting the specific structure and positioning of NBS-LRRs is an indispensable step in understanding their functions. In this article, we exploit AlphaFold to predict the structure of some designed NBS-LRRs, and utilize Agroinfiltration transient expression system, combined with biochemical fractionation, to dissect the localization of these NBS-LRR receptors from Arabidopsis. Structural data indicates that the identified NBS-LRRs share analogous conformation. Membrane fractionation assay demonstrates these NBS-LRRs are mainly associated with the membrane. These data show that the Ca2+-permeable channel activity may be evolutionarily conserved in NBS-LRR of Arabidopsis, and this study provides some reference clues for analyzing the structure and localization patterns of other plant immune receptors. 展开更多
关键词 Arabidopsis Calcium Permeation Channel Pentamer Plasma Membrane
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Screening and Identifying of Interaction Protein AtL5 in Arabidopsis thaliana 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Jianzhong Huang Xiaoju Zhong +6 位作者 Xiuying Guan Peng Jia Hongbin Zhang Kai Chen Zhuojun Li Guangyu Chen Chuitang Zeng 《Journal of Biosciences and Medicines》 2024年第7期184-193,共10页
Research background: The Arabidopsis-resistance protein L5 (AT1G12290) can trigger cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana, which is a characteristic function of an NBS-LRR (Nucleotide-Binding Sites and Leucine-Rich Repea... Research background: The Arabidopsis-resistance protein L5 (AT1G12290) can trigger cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana, which is a characteristic function of an NBS-LRR (Nucleotide-Binding Sites and Leucine-Rich Repeat) protein activation. Purpose: To explore the function and molecular regulatory network of L5. Method: We employed yeast two-hybrid technology to search for interacting proteins of L5, combined with laser confocal microscopy to observe the subcellular localization of these candidate proteins, and analyzed the impact of these proteins on L5 function using an Agrobacterium mediated transient expression system. Results: Seven candidate interacting proteins were identified from the Arabidopsis cDNA library, including PPA1 (AT1G01050), RIN4 (AT3G25070), LSU1 (AT3G49580), BZIP24 (AT3G51960), BOI (AT4G19700), RING/U (AT4G22250) and PPA3 (AT2G46860). Functional analysis of these candidate interacting proteins showed that they participated in multiple pathways, including biological and abiotic stress, programmed cell death, protein degradation, material metabolism and transcriptional regulation. The results of laser confocal microscopy manifested that RIN4 was only localized on the plasma membrane (PM), and RING/U was mainly associated with the PM. PPA1, PPA3, LSU1, BZIP24, and BOI all emerged nuclear and cytoplasmic localization. The results of the transient assay proclaimed that both BOI and RING/U can inhibit cell death caused by L5. Conclusions: These results indicate that L5 immune receptors may participate in various pathways, and their protein levels and activities are strictly regulated at multiple levels, providing a basis for elucidating the mechanism of L5 immune receptors in Arabidopsis resistance. 展开更多
关键词 Cell Death NBS-LRR Nicotiana benthamiana Yeast Two-Hybrid
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Screening, Validation and Functional Research of Arabidopsis TIR-NBS 2 Interaction Proteins 认领 引用
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作者 Jianzhong Huang Zhuojun Li +4 位作者 Hongbin Zhang Xiuying Guan Xiaoju Zhong Peng Jia Kai Chen 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 CAS 2024年第12期1091-1099,共9页
The TIR-NBS 2 (TN2) gene from Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), which encodes a TIR (the Toll and Interleukin-1 Receptor)-type of nucleotide binding site (NBS) receptor protein (TIR-NBS) that can cause cell death in... The TIR-NBS 2 (TN2) gene from Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), which encodes a TIR (the Toll and Interleukin-1 Receptor)-type of nucleotide binding site (NBS) receptor protein (TIR-NBS) that can cause cell death in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana). Nevertheless, the mechanism of TN2 signal initiation is still unclear. This research performed yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BIFC) assays to investigate interactions between proteins of TN2, and analyzed the influences of these interactors on TN2 function using N. benthamiana. EXO70B1, SOC3 and CPK5-VK were identified as interacting proteins of TN2 based on yeast two-hybrid and BIFC methods. Functional annotations of these interacting proteins indicate their involvement in multiple pathways, including exocytosis, positive regulation of abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway, regulation of stomatal closure, response to water deprivation, defense response, signal transduction and intracellular signal transduction. The transient assay results proclaimed that EXO70B1 can suppress cell death triggered by TN2 and TN2-TIR. These outcomes suggest that TN2 receptor may be participated in various pathways, and the protein level and activity are strictly controlled at multiple aspects, providing novel clues for elucidating the molecular mechanism of TN2 immune receptor in Arabidopsis resistance. 展开更多
关键词 TIR-NBS Yeast Two-Hybrid BIFC Cell Death N. benthamiana
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Insight into Function and Subcellular Localization of a Type III-Secreted Effector in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 认领 引用
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作者 Jianzhong Huang Kai Chen +4 位作者 Zhuojun Li Hongbin Zhang Xiuying Guan Xiaoju Zhong Peng Jia 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 CAS 2024年第10期835-846,共12页
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) is a bacterial pathogen of tomato and of the model plants Arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana). Like numerous Gram-negative bacterial pathogens of ... Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) is a bacterial pathogen of tomato and of the model plants Arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana). Like numerous Gram-negative bacterial pathogens of animals and plants, Pst DC3000 exploits the conserved type III secretion system (TTSS) to deliver multiple virulence effectors directly into the host cells. Type III effectors (T3Es) collectively participate in causing disease, by mechanisms that are not well clarity. Elucidating the virulence function of individual effector is fundamental for understanding bacterial infection of plants. Here, we focused on studying one of these effectors, HopAA1-1, and analyzed its potential function and subcellular localization in N. benthamiana. Using an Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression system, we found that HopAA1-1 can trigger domain-dependent cell death in N. benthamiana. The observation using confocal microscopy showed that the YFP-tagged HopAA1-1 localizes to diverse cellular components containing nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane, which was demonstrated through immunoblot analysis of membrane fractionation and nuclear separation. Enforced HopAA1-1 subcellular localization, by tagging with a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) or a nuclear export sequence (NES), shows that HopAA1-1-induced cell death in N. benthamiana is suppressed in the nucleus but enhanced in the cytoplasm. Our research is lay a foundation for revealed the molecular pathogenesis of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. 展开更多
关键词 Cell Death HopAA1-1 Nicotiana benthamiana Pst DC3000
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The gains do not make up for the losses:a comprehensive evaluation for safety alignment of large language models via machine unlearning 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Weixiang ZHAO Yulin HU +5 位作者 Xingyu SUI Zhuojun LI Yang DENG Yanyan ZHAO Bing QIN Wanxiang CHE 《Frontiers of Computer Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第2期125-149,共25页
Machine Unlearning(MU)has emerged as a promising technique for aligning large language models(LLMs)with safety requirements to steer them forgetting specific harmful contents.Despite the significant progress in previo... Machine Unlearning(MU)has emerged as a promising technique for aligning large language models(LLMs)with safety requirements to steer them forgetting specific harmful contents.Despite the significant progress in previous studies,we argue that the current evaluation criteria,which solely focus on safety evaluation,are actually impractical and biased,leading to concerns about the true effectiveness of MU techniques.To address this,we propose to comprehensively evaluate LLMs after MU from three aspects:safety,over-safety,and general utility.Specifically,a novel benchmark MUBENCH with 18 related datasets is first constructed,where the safety is measured with both vanilla harmful inputs and 10 types of jailbreak attacks.Furthermore,we examine whether MU introduces side effects,focusing on over-safety and utility-loss.Extensive experiments are performed on 3 popular LLMs with 7 recent MU methods.The results highlight a challenging trilemma in safety alignment without side effects,indicating that there is still considerable room for further exploration.MUBENCH serves as a comprehensive benchmark,fostering future research on MU for safety alignment of LLMs. 展开更多
关键词 machine unlearning safety alignment large language models
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Expression Pattern, Interaction Network, and Functional Analysis of the Arabidopsis Botrytis Susceptible1 Interactor 认领 引用
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作者 Jianzhong Huang Hongbin Zhang +4 位作者 Zhuojun Li Xiuying Guan Xiaoju Zhong Peng Jia Kai Chen 《Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering》 2024年第10期171-178,共8页
E3 ubiquitin ligases are participated in numerous processes, regulating the response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Botrytis susceptible1 interactor (BOI) is a RING (Really Interesting New Gene)-type E3 ligase that m... E3 ubiquitin ligases are participated in numerous processes, regulating the response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Botrytis susceptible1 interactor (BOI) is a RING (Really Interesting New Gene)-type E3 ligase that mediates the ubiquitination of BOS1 (Botrytis susceptible1), a transcription factor involved in stress and pathogen responses. Although BOI is an E3 ligase, there are reports to show that BOI interacts with target proteins such as DELLAs or CONSTANS to repress gibberellin responses and flowering without the degradation of the target proteins. In this article, we utilize diversified methods to comprehensively analyze the expression pattern, interaction network and function of BOI gene. Firstly, 1800 bp upstream region of BOI gene from Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) genome was isolated, and fused GUS reporter gene. The resulting expression cassette was introduced into wild-type Arabidopsis through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The result demonstrated that BOI gene was expressed predominantly in leaves, siliques, young roots, and flowering tissues, indicating that BOI gene may be involved in multiple processes in plant growth and development in Arabidopsis. Besides, eight candidate interacting proteins were obtained from the Arabidopsis cDNA library via yeast two-hybrid technology, including EXO70E2 (AT5G61010), WRKY7 (AT4G24240), WRKY11 (AT4G31550), WRKY17 (AT2G24570), UBP20 (AT4G17895), L5 (AT1G12290), SAUR9 (AT4G36110) and TCP21 (AT5G08330). Functional analysis of these candidate interacting proteins manifested that they related to multiple pathways, including biological and abiotic stress, programmed cell death, protein degradation, material metabolism and transcriptional regulation. In addition, the results of the transient assay proclaimed that BOI protein affects the protein stability of EXO70E2 and L5 through its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Our results provide novel clues for a better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying BOI-mediated regulations. 展开更多
关键词 E3 Ubiquitin Ligases Expression Pattern Interaction Network Arabidopsis
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Correlation between 5-hydroxymethylfurfural content and color of Rehmanniae Radix and Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata 认领 引用 被引量：7
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作者 Cui Wu Liang Xu +2 位作者 Bo Xu Zhuojun Li Zhimao Chao 《Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences》 CAS CSCD 2020年第5期314-321,共8页
In the present study,we explored the correlation between 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-HMF)and color of Rehmanniae Radix(RR)and Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata(RRP).The color was observed by human eyes under sunlight.The chro... In the present study,we explored the correlation between 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-HMF)and color of Rehmanniae Radix(RR)and Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata(RRP).The color was observed by human eyes under sunlight.The chromatic value and color difference were detected by a colorimeter.The water content was determined by an oven-drying method.The 5-HMF content was determined by an HPLC method.The correlation between the 5-HMF content and the color was analyzed by bivariate correlation analysis.The results showed that the color was greyish-brown and dark brown for RR,and it was black for RRP.The deepening color of RRP was reflected in the decrease of L^*,a^*and b^*values.The water content was in accord with the requirement of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.The 5-HMF contents of RR and RRP were 0.9711–25.71μg/g and 213.4–4010μg/g,respectively.The average 5-HMF contents of RR and RRP were 8.059μg/g and 1433μg/g,respectively.The 5-HMF content in RRP was higher than that in RR.The correlations between 5-HMF content and L^*,a^*and b^*values were significant.The color of RRP was deeper than that of RR.The 5-HMF content of RRP was higher than 0.02%,while it was less than 0.02%of RR,which could be used as a marker component for judging RR and RRP. 展开更多
关键词 Rehmanniae Radix Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata Color 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Bivariate correlation analysis
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Gap Structure of 12442-Type KCa2(Fe1-xCox)4As4F2(x=0,0.1)Revealed by Temperature Dependence of Lower Critical Field 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Jianan Chu Teng Wang +7 位作者 Han Zhang Yixin Liu Jiaxin Feng Zhuojun Li Da Jiang Gang Mu Zengfeng Di Xiaoming Xie 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第12期81-85,共5页
We report an in-depth investigation on the out-of-plane lower critical field Hc1 of the KCa2(Fe1-xCox)4As4F2(12442-type,x=0,0.1).The multi-gap feature is revealed by the kink in the temperature-dependent Hc1(T)curve f... We report an in-depth investigation on the out-of-plane lower critical field Hc1 of the KCa2(Fe1-xCox)4As4F2(12442-type,x=0,0.1).The multi-gap feature is revealed by the kink in the temperature-dependent Hc1(T)curve for the two samples with different doping levels.Based on a simplified two-gap model,the magnitudes of the two gaps are determined to beΔ1=1.2 meV andΔ2=5.0 meV for the sample with x=0,Δ1=0.86 meV andΔ2=2.8 meV for that with x=0.1.With the cobalt doping,the ratio of energy gap to critical transition temperature(Δ/kBTc)remains almost unchanged for the smaller gap and is suppressed by 20%for the larger gap.For the undoped KCa2Fe4As4F2,the obtained gap sizes are generally consistent with the results of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experiments. 展开更多
关键词 x=0 doping critical
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Deciphering the Role of Arabidopsis TIR-NBS 2 Receptor in Cell Death Signaling in Nicotiana benthamiana 认领 引用
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作者 Jiayu Zeng Qiang Lin +3 位作者 Peng Jia Kai Chen Zhuojun Li Jianzhong Huang 《Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology》 CAS 2025年第10期437-445,共9页
The truncated Toll/interleukin-1 receptor-NBS(TIR-NBS)proteins act significant role in immunity.Previous articles reported an Arabidopsis thaliana resistance protein TIR-NBS 2(TN2)can arise violent cell death in tobac... The truncated Toll/interleukin-1 receptor-NBS(TIR-NBS)proteins act significant role in immunity.Previous articles reported an Arabidopsis thaliana resistance protein TIR-NBS 2(TN2)can arise violent cell death in tobacco(Nicotiana benthamiana)leaves.Nevertheless,the specific mechanism by which this protein strikes cell death is generally poor.Here,we preliminarily dissected the activation mechanism of TN2 immune receptor in N.benthamiana.The outcomes of the transient analysis attested that the TN2-TIR domain itself is enough to cell-death induction.The yellow fluorescent protein(YFP)-tagged TN2 and TN2-TIR were major localized to the cytoplasm,which was considered essential to the function of the TN2 and TN2-TIR.Additionally,the celldeath-inducing activity of TN2 can be inhibited by the full-length EXO70B1 instead of its truncated fragments.These research findings provided some clues for understanding the activation mechanism of TN2. 展开更多
关键词 Cell Death TIR-NBS 2 EXO70B1 Nicotiana benthamiana
Magnetic-field-induced metal-insulator quantum phase transition in CaFeAsF near the quantum limit 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 YongHui Ma Gang Mu +7 位作者 Tao Hu ZengWei Zhu ZhuoJun Li Wei Li QiuCheng Ji Xuan Zhang LingLing Wang XiaoMing Xie 《Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2018年第12期58-62,共5页
The quantum limit, where only the lowest Landau level is occupied by electrons, can be achieved under a high magnetic field when the Landau level splitting is comparable with the Fermi energy. The rather small Fermi p... The quantum limit, where only the lowest Landau level is occupied by electrons, can be achieved under a high magnetic field when the Landau level splitting is comparable with the Fermi energy. The rather small Fermi pockets and Fermi energy in CaFeAsF reported recently make this compound a good candidate for investigating the electrical transport near the quantum limit.Here, we report high-field experiments up to 65 T on a single-crystalline CaFeAsF, which shows a metal-insulator quantum phase transition tuned by the out-of-plane magnetic field. The obtained critical exponent zν through the finite-size scaling analysis is very close to 4/3. This transition is closely associated with the evolution of electronic states approaching the quantum limit.The resistivity behaviors as a function of field and temperature were evaluated based on Adams-Holstein theory(A-H theory).Moreover, the in-plane component of the field, which does not affect the transport behavior in the classical region, suppressed the magnetoresistance near the quantum limit. 展开更多
关键词 CaFeAsF metal-insulator quantum phase transition quantum limit iron-based superconductors
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