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Short bouts of accumulated exercise:Review and consensus statement on definition,efficacy,feasibility,practical applications,and future directions 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Mingyue Yin Yongming Li +43 位作者 Abdul Rashid Aziz Aidan Buffey David J.Bishop Dapeng Bao George P.Nassis Hashim Islam Hongying Wang Jackson J.Fyfe Jianfang Xu Jianxiu Liu Jiexiu Zhao Jingwei Cao Jonathan P.Little Junqiang Qiu Keith M.Diaz Lijuan Wang Liye Zou Max J.Western Meynard L.Toledo Min Hu Minghui Quan Neville Owen Niels B.J.Vollaard Olivier Girard Qingde Shi Richard S.Metcalfe Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo Ru Wang Waris Wongpipit Weimo Zhu Wenfei Zhu Weigang Xu Xiaochun Wang Xiaoping Chen Xiong Wang Xu Wen Yang Liu Ying Gao Yue Fu Zhaowei Kong Zhenbo Cao Zhengzhen Wang Peijie Chen Lijuan Mao 《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期1-30,共30页
Background:Insufficient physical activity and prolonged sedentary behavior have emerged as major global public health challenges.Short bouts(≤10 min)of accumulated exercise(SBAE)throughout the day may be a promising ... Background:Insufficient physical activity and prolonged sedentary behavior have emerged as major global public health challenges.Short bouts(≤10 min)of accumulated exercise(SBAE)throughout the day may be a promising strategy to mitigate the adverse effects of prolonged sitting and promote physical activity,ultimately promoting overall health.However,previous ambiguity in defining this concept has resulted in a fragmented and inconsistent evidence base,impeding practical applications,the development of guidelines,and policymaking.The purpose of this study is to establish an operational definition of SBAE by synthesizing systematic reviews and research trials alongside an expert consensus.Additionally,it seeks to evaluate acute and long-term efficacy and feasibility,providing evidence-based recommendations for practice and future research directions.Methods:A literature search was performed across PubMed and Web of Science,followed by systematic screening and summarization of eligible studies based on predefined inclusion criteria.Inclusion criteria encompassed various modesypes of SBAE(bouts lasting≤10 min,performed multiple times daily with≥30 min intervals);both aerobic and resistance exercise were considered.Relevant systematic reviews and research trials were included.Methodological quality,risk of bias,and evidence certainty were assessed.Expert consensus was obtained through a survey to evaluate recommendations and agreement levels on findings.Results:After analyzing 27 systematic reviews,135 research studies,and an expert consensus involving 48 researchers from 11 countries,SBAE is defined as any exercise mode of activity,regardless of intensity,that is accumulated in either continuous or intermittent bouts lasting≤10 min per session(including multiple intermittent sets)that are performed multiple times(≥2 sessions/day)per day,with intervals of≥30 min between bouts or otherwise sufficient time for recovery.When used to interrupt prolonged periods of sedentary time,SBAE mitigates the acute adverse effects of sedentary behavior on more than 10 clinical biomarkers of endocrine,cardiovascular,and brain health/function among adults of diverse ages and conditions.Moreover,SBAE was superior for improving acute glycemic control compared to a single continuous exercise session.As a long-term intervention(average of 11 weeks),SBAE can improve over 20 health outcomes,including peak oxygen uptake,resting blood pressure,and metabolic health.Additionally,SBAE might be more effective than continuous exercise for improving longer-term glycemic control and body composition.Long-term completion rates for SBAE interventions are generally high(95%),with low dropout rates(12%)and high adherence rates even without supervision(85%),and its safety has been preliminarily validated.Conclusion:An operational definition of SBAE is provided along with its classification and acute and long-term efficacy.Practical exercise prescription recommendations and evidence-based strategies for various populations and contexts are provided.Future research should focus on generating high-quality evidence for SBAE in 5 key areas:quantification and monitoring,population-specific responses,optimization of exercise prescriptions,intervention efficacy,and practical implementation.Additionally,addressing policy,environmental,and promotional barriers is crucial for transitioning from expert consensus to public consensus,and for facilitating the application of this strategy in real-world environments. 展开更多
关键词 Short bouts of accumulated exercise Exercise snacks Consensus statement Sedentary breaks
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老年人对网络直播运动指导使用意愿的调查研究:基于整合技术接受模型与感知风险理论 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 相彤 黄亚芳 吴浩 《中国全科医学》 CAS 北大核心 2026年第13期1720-1725,1744,共6页
背景 既往关于老年人“互联网+健康管理”的研究多集中于其对移动健康应用的使用意愿,较少涉及老年人网络直播运动指导。目的 基于整合技术接受(UTAUT)模型与感知风险理论,调查老年人对网络直播运动指导的使用意愿。方法 2022年4—8月,... 背景 既往关于老年人“互联网+健康管理”的研究多集中于其对移动健康应用的使用意愿,较少涉及老年人网络直播运动指导。目的 基于整合技术接受(UTAUT)模型与感知风险理论,调查老年人对网络直播运动指导的使用意愿。方法 2022年4—8月,采用方便抽样法选择在北京市丰台区方庄社区卫生服务中心就诊的老年人作为研究对象,采用自拟调查问卷、面对面方式进行调查。问卷主要内容是老年人对网络直播运动指导的使用意愿。结果 本研究共发放问卷390份,回收有效问卷376份,有效回收率为96.41%(376/390)。在376名研究对象中,男161人、女215人。改良UTAUT模型拟合指数优于合格标准,拟合度良好。结构方程模型检验结果显示,绩效期望(β=0.424)、努力期望(β=0.325)、社会影响(β=0.596)、促进条件(β=0.204)对老年人网络直播运动指导使用意愿有正向影响,感知风险(β=-0.634)对老年人网络直播运动指导使用意愿有负向影响(P<0.001)。结论基于改良UTAUT模型与感知风险理论,绩效期望、努力期望、社会影响、促进条件均正向影响老年人对网络直播运动指导的使用意愿,感知风险负向影响老年人对网络直播运动指导的使用意愿。 展开更多
关键词 运动活动 老年人 互联网干预 使用意愿 网络直播运动指导 整合技术接受模型 感知风险理论
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临界功率:生理学基础与实践应用 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 毕志远 王欣欣 +2 位作者 顾正秋 陈志力 黎涌明 《成都体育学院学报》 CSSCI 北大核心 2026年第3期85-99,共15页
临界功率(Critical Power,CP)指人体在完全依赖氧化供能时的最高代谢率,其被认为是最重要的疲劳阈值。现有研究普遍认为,临界功率是划分高强度和极高强度的有效指标。相关的研究成果为运动员的训练计划制定和运动能力评估,以及健身人群... 临界功率(Critical Power,CP)指人体在完全依赖氧化供能时的最高代谢率,其被认为是最重要的疲劳阈值。现有研究普遍认为,临界功率是划分高强度和极高强度的有效指标。相关的研究成果为运动员的训练计划制定和运动能力评估,以及健身人群的运动处方制定和健康状况监测提供了理论依据。文章检索相关文献,从临界功率的生理学基础和实践应用方面进行综述,为全面认识和应用临界功率提供理论参考。结果表明,临界功率与最大摄氧量(VO2max)和次最大代谢指标(VT1、MLSS、VT2、RCP)具有显著相关性,改变呼吸、循环和肌肉代谢的因素对其产生影响,临界功率与耐力表现相关,对耐力训练敏感,是评价有氧代谢能力的有效指标。能量储备与Wingate测试总功和MAOD显著相关,但受运动方式和性别的影响。能量储备与VO2慢速部分振幅相关,具备无氧代谢属性,可通过高强度间歇冲刺提升。临界功率理论在生理学的基础上为运动负荷的“量”和“强度”之间构建了数学框架,以高于“临界强度”(CP/CV)的“强度”运动,运动的“量”(T/D)是高度可预测的,因此临界功率理论在运动实践中具有广泛的应用价值。 展开更多
关键词 临界功率 能量储备 运动强度 有氧代谢 无氧代谢
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Clinical guidelines on physical activity and exercise therapy for Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes:A clinical practice guideline from the Chinese Society of Endocrinology 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Fang Zhang Jiajun Zhao +9 位作者 Yuwei Zhang Zhenjun Tian Jing Li Qingguo Lv Weiqing Wang Tianpei Hong Zhongyan Shan Li Yan Yongde Peng Nanwei Tong 《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第5期44-76,共33页
Diabetes,a leading global chronic disease,poses a significant health threat,with physical inactivity being a major risk factor for its development and progression.This guideline,developed by the Chinese Society of End... Diabetes,a leading global chronic disease,poses a significant health threat,with physical inactivity being a major risk factor for its development and progression.This guideline,developed by the Chinese Society of Endocrinology,synthesizes the latest evidence and expert insights to provide evidence-based recommendations for physical activity and exercise therapy in adults with type 2 diabetes(T2D).It is generally recommended that all adult patients with T2D engage in at least 150—300 min of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week,or a minimum of75—150 min of vigorous-intensity exercise,or an equivalent combination of moderate-and vigorous-intensity exercise(with a total exercise volume of at least 450 metabolic equivalent-min per week).For patients with T2D who are capable,moderate over-exercise and a combination of different forms of exercise(aerobic,resistance,flexibility,and/or balance training)are encouraged.The guideline also underscores the necessity of targeting specific subgroups of patients with T2D,including the elderly,individuals with obesity or pre-obesity,cardiovascular disease,hypertension,chronic kidney disease,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease,and/or diabetic foot and its high-risk populations.The guideline provides a scientific basis for clinicians to develop personalized exercise guidance and recommendations,with the goal of improving the disease prognosis of the relevant population. 展开更多
关键词 Adult Exercise Physical activity Type 2 diabetes Therapy principle
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Exercise preconditioning prevents immobilization-induced skeletal muscle atrophy by activating Prmt1-p38/ATF2-Sesn1 signaling axis in C57BL/6J mice 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Xuege Yang Yuchen Zou +2 位作者 Haoyu Wang Yanmei Niu Li Fu 《Sports Medicine and Health Science》 CAS CSCD 2026年第2期197-209,共13页
Purpose: This study aimed to explore the effects of a 10-week combined exercise regimen on immobilizationinduced muscle atrophy and elucidate the possible function of Protein arginine methyltransferase 1(Prmt1) in thi... Purpose: This study aimed to explore the effects of a 10-week combined exercise regimen on immobilizationinduced muscle atrophy and elucidate the possible function of Protein arginine methyltransferase 1(Prmt1) in this process.Methods: 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were carried out combined exercise for 10 weeks. One week before the end of the intervention, mice underwent cast immobilization. Additionally, to investigate the potential mechanism in exercise-induced protection of skeletal muscle, mice in the exercise preconditioning group were administered TC-E-5003(an inhibitor of Prmt1 enzymatic activity). Exercise performance, muscle mass, and the cross-sectional area(CSA) of muscle fibers were analyzed. Besides, Prmt1 and Sestrin1(Sesn1) were either overexpressed or inhibited in C2C12 myotubes to elucidate the underlying mechanism.Results: Exercise preconditioning not only significantly improved muscle mass and motor ability in immobilized mice but also inhibited excessive activation of degradation pathways and enhanced protein synthesis. Importantly, Prmt1 mediated the protective effects of exercise preconditioning on muscle atrophy. Mechanistically,Prmt1 regulated the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38)/activating transcription factor 2(ATF2)pathway, which modulates Sesn1 expression. Sesn1 acts as a downstream of Prmt1 and ATF2, contributing to the myoblast differentiation and skeletal muscle regeneration through AMP-Activated protein kinase α2(AMPKα2)ranscriptional co-activator PPAR-γ co-activator-1 α(PGC-1α) signaling pathway.Conclusions: Taken together, our results highlighted the effectiveness of exercise preconditioning in preventing muscle atrophy via the Prmt1-Sesn1 pathway. 展开更多
关键词 Prmt1 Skeletal muscle atrophy Immobilization Sesn1 ATF2 PGC-1α
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Load-induced human skeletal muscle hypertrophy:Mechanisms,myths,and misconceptions 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Derrick W.Van Every Matthew J.Lees +2 位作者 Brandan Wilson Jeff Nippard Stuart M.Phillips 《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第4期271-286,共16页
Mechanical tension is widely recognized as the primary stimulus underlying the molecular mechanisms that influence muscle hypertrophy induced by resistance training.Despite this,several outdated or overstated concepts... Mechanical tension is widely recognized as the primary stimulus underlying the molecular mechanisms that influence muscle hypertrophy induced by resistance training.Despite this,several outdated or overstated concepts continue to persist,both in the scientific literature and in the practical application of resistance training coaching and program design.Claims that acute hormonal responses,metabolic stress,cell swelling or“the pump”meaningfully contribute to hypertrophy are not supported by scientific evidence.Additionally,the concept of sarcoplasmic hypertrophy as a distinct and functionally meaningful contributor to hypertrophy lacks strong evidence.In this review,we critically evaluate several persistent misconceptions and contrast them with evidence-based mechanistic insights into load-induced hypertrophy.Specifically,we discuss the role(or lack thereof)of systemic hormones,metabolites,and cell swelling in promoting muscle hypertrophy.We also critically review the concept of sarcoplasmic hypertrophy and propose that it is not a meaningful contributor to muscle hypertrophy.Lastly,to translate knowledge for trainees and coaches,we discuss the upper limit of muscle hypertrophy and provide readers with evidence-based,reasonable expectations for muscle hypertrophy.We aimed,through this review,to use scientific evidence to enhance our understanding of what drives muscle hypertrophy and provide an evidence-based framework for resistance exercise training. 展开更多
关键词 Mechanical tension Muscle mass Resistance training Skeletal muscle
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青少年磁性钙调线粒体敏感性:骨骼肌功能及身体成分评估 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 厉中山 李文昊 +2 位作者 杜欣冉 杨铁黎 白石 《中国组织工程研究》 CAS 北大核心 2026年第25期6496-6505,共10页
背景:磁性钙调线粒体技术作为非侵入性的骨骼肌功能促进手段,在改善肌肉功能、促进代谢敏感性等方面已得到有效证实,现有研究表明该技术对成年、老年及术后康复群体具有显著生理促进效应,但该技术对十二三岁青少年骨骼肌功能及身体成分... 背景:磁性钙调线粒体技术作为非侵入性的骨骼肌功能促进手段,在改善肌肉功能、促进代谢敏感性等方面已得到有效证实,现有研究表明该技术对成年、老年及术后康复群体具有显著生理促进效应,但该技术对十二三岁青少年骨骼肌功能及身体成分的干预效应尚未明确。目的:通过对骨骼肌功能及身体成分的评估,探究十二三岁青少年骨骼肌功能及身体成分对磁刺激的敏感性。方法:招募辽宁省实验学校初中一年级学生,共计34人,随机分为对照组、试验组,对照组保持学生日常校园活动外,无专门体能训练计划,在此基础上试验组每周进行2次低频脉冲磁场干预(刺激时长10 min,磁场强度1.5 mT,频率3300 Hz,间隔72 h干预1次),连续4周。试验开始前(前测)和结束后(后测)观察受试者干预部位的最大力量、爆发力、耐力素质以及身体成分相关指标的变化。结果与结论:①经过4周共8次的低频脉冲磁场刺激,受试的爆发力、有氧耐力、肌肉等长耐力、身体成分相关指标均有了显著的改善,可表明十二三岁青少年对上述骨骼肌功能与身体成分具有良好的磁性钙调刺激敏感性。②在最大力量提升方面效果不显著,其肌肉磁敏感性较成年人低,但在长期久坐状况下对于最大力量保持方面具有一定优势。结果表明,磁性钙调线粒体技术作为一种全新的被动、非侵入性的骨骼肌功能促进技术可尝试用作改善青少年体质健康的一项全新干预手段。 展开更多
关键词 青少年体质 肌肉力量 体成分 磁刺激 TRPC 1 身体素质敏感期 肌肉分泌组
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McArdle disease and carbohydrate ingestion before exercise:Timing on exercise tolerance,clinical relevance,and application to real world settings 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Sam L.Torrens Evelyn Parr +4 位作者 Craig Mcnulty Lynda Ross Helen L.MacLaughlin Liza Phillips Robert A.Robergs 《Sports Medicine and Health Science》 CAS CSCD 2026年第4期457-465,共9页
Purpose:McArdle disease(MD)is a rare(1:100000)genetic myopathy whereby the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase is not expressed in skeletal muscle,resulting in the blockage of glycogenolysis and presenting as physical activ... Purpose:McArdle disease(MD)is a rare(1:100000)genetic myopathy whereby the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase is not expressed in skeletal muscle,resulting in the blockage of glycogenolysis and presenting as physical activity intolerance.To circumvent the blockage in glycogenolysis,current clinical practice guidelines advise individuals with MD(IWMD)to ingest 37 g of sucrose 5–10 minute(min)before undertaking exercise.Methods:The current investigation undertook randomized repeated measure clinical exercise trials on five IWMD to compare exercise tolerance under different timing of sucrose ingestion before exercise.Results:Results showed significantly higher plasma glucose availability at the beginning of exercise when sucrose was ingested 25-min before exercise([7.4±0.8]mmol·L-1)compared to 5-min before exercise([5.6±0.3]mmol·L-1,p=0.024)or a placebo([5.3±0.4]mmol·L-1,p=0.017).Peak heart rates we significantly lower when sucrose was ingested 25-min before exercise([117±14]beats·min-1)compared to 5-min before exercise([129±14]beats·min-1,p=0.022)or a placebo([135±20]beats·min-1,p=0.039)which contrasts with recommendations in current clinical practice guidelines.Conclusion:While the ingestion of sucrose(carbohydrate)before exercise for IWMD may provide statistically significant improvements in exercise tolerance in lab-base settings,its clinical relevance and application to real world settings(RWS)is likely negligible based on the extremely low power outputs IWMD achieve during lab studies.Clinical practice guidelines should be updated to better reflect the magnitude of benefit ingesting carbohydrate before exercise may provide to set realistic expectations for both medical professionals and IWMD.Synopsis:The ingestion of sucrose(carbohydrate)before exercise for IWMD may provide statistically significant improvements in exercise tolerance in lab-base settings,but its clinical relevance and application to real world settings is likely negligible based on the extremely low power outputs achieved by IWMD during lab studies. 展开更多
关键词 McArdle disease Carbohydrate ingestion Exercise Metabolism Clinical relevance
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A primer on global molecular responses to exercise in skeletal muscle:Omics in focus 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Kevin A.Murach James R.Bagley 《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第1期14-26,共13页
Advances in skeletal muscle omics has expanded our understanding of exercise-induced adaptations at the molecular level.Over the past 2 decades,transcriptome studies in muscle have detailed acute and chronic responses... Advances in skeletal muscle omics has expanded our understanding of exercise-induced adaptations at the molecular level.Over the past 2 decades,transcriptome studies in muscle have detailed acute and chronic responses to resistance,endurance,and concurrent exercise,focusing on variables such as training status,nutrition,age,sex,and metabolic health profile.Multi-omics approaches,such as the integration of transcriptomic and epigenetic data,along with emerging ribosomal RNA sequencing advancements,have further provided insights into how skeletal muscle adapts to exercise across the lifespan.Downstream of the transcriptome,proteomic and phosphoproteomic studies have identified novel regulators of exercise adaptations,while single-cellucleus and spatial sequencing technologies promise to evolve our understanding of cellular specialization and communication in and around skeletal muscle cells.This narrative review highlights(a)the historical foundations of exercise omics in skeletal muscle,(b)current research at 3 layers of the omics cascade(DNA,RNA,and protein),and(c)applications of single-cell omics and spatial sequencing technologies to study skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise.Further elaboration of muscle's global molecular footprint using multi-omics methods will help researchers and practitioners develop more effective and targeted approaches to improve skeletal muscle health as well as athletic performance. 展开更多
关键词 Single cell Epigenomics Transcriptomics Proteomics Phosphoproteomics
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Influence of aerobic exercise on the cognitive and social functions of elderly patients with schizophrenia 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Can Ao Lu Zhan +2 位作者 Yu-Lan Mou Shu Hu Yong-Hong Huang 《World Journal of Psychiatry》 SCIE 2026年第3期180-190,共11页
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia presents complex challenges in older patients due to cognitive and social decline.Existing drug treatments offer limited benefits and pose risks,while aerobic exercise shows promise as a nonin... BACKGROUND Schizophrenia presents complex challenges in older patients due to cognitive and social decline.Existing drug treatments offer limited benefits and pose risks,while aerobic exercise shows promise as a noninvasive intervention whose impact remains underexplored.AIM To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive and social function in older patients with schizophrenia.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted in 158 older patients with schizophrenia treated at The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College(June 2023 and December 2024).The patients were divided into an observation group(n=86),which received 3 months of aerobic rehabilitation alongside routine treatment,and a control group(n=72),which received routine treatment alone.Cognitive function was assessed using the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery,social function using the Inpatient Psychiatric Rehabilitation Outcome Scale(IPROS),and psychotic symptoms using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.RESULTS Post-treatment,Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total scores were lower in the observation group than in the controls(P<0.001),with significant improvements in positive,negative,and general symptoms.Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery domain scores were improved in processing speed,working memory,verbal/visual learning,and executive function(all P<0.05).IPROS total scores were decreased(P<0.001),indicating better social functioning.Longer exercise duration correlated with greater cognitive gains and lower social function deficits.Body mass index declined(P<0.001),and adverse events were mild and transient(9.3%).Multivariate linear regression confirmed that aerobic exercise was independently associated with a significant reduction in IPROS scores(Adjustedβ=-4.57,95%confidence intervals:-6.08 to-3.05,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Aerobic exercise effectively improves cognitive function,social function,and psychotic symptoms in older patients with schizophrenia,is safe,and serves as a valuable adjunctive intervention. 展开更多
关键词 Schizophrenia Aerobic exercise Cognitive function Social function Elderly patients
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昼夜节律对运动表现的影响及优化策略 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 胡海旭 杨婷 金成平 《首都体育学院学报》 CSSCI 北大核心 2026年第1期102-116,共15页
昼夜节律对运动员的竞技表现具有不容忽视的潜在作用。了解昼夜节律的作用机制,并制定相应的调节策略,对提高运动员的训练质量和竞技表现至关重要。系统阐述了昼夜节律调控运动表现的机制。例如,昼夜节律通过影响体温、代谢、神经肌肉... 昼夜节律对运动员的竞技表现具有不容忽视的潜在作用。了解昼夜节律的作用机制,并制定相应的调节策略,对提高运动员的训练质量和竞技表现至关重要。系统阐述了昼夜节律调控运动表现的机制。例如,昼夜节律通过影响体温、代谢、神经肌肉功能、警觉性、注意力、认知功能、主观疲劳感、跨时区比赛适应性而对运动表现产生潜在的影响。由此提出了备赛优化策略:为了最优化训练效果,应综合考察运动员的年龄、性别、遗传基因、出生季节等因素;训练时间安排尽可能精准匹配生理节律峰值期,同时,兼顾认知功能及其对昼夜节律敏感产生的交互影响;赛前跨时区比赛应系统制定赛前竞技状态调整方案,包括飞行过程管理、到达目的地后的适应及个体化干预;充分利用体温调节手段消除昼夜节律的负面效应,促进产生峰值表现;可结合可穿戴设备与人工智能技术监测运动员的运动表现,把握昼夜节律影响运动表现的规律,实现昼夜节律适应性的动态评估与精准调控。未来应深化生物监测技术和数学模型在运动员昼夜节律适应性调控中的应用,提高个体化方案细化程度。 展开更多
关键词 昼夜节律 体温 运动表现 可穿戴设备 优化策略
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Update:Is exercise-induced oxidative stress a friend or foe? 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Scott K.Powers Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera 《Sports Medicine and Health Science》 CAS CSCD 2026年第3期229-239,共11页
Free radicals(radicals)are highly reactive atoms or molecules that contain one or more unpaired electrons in their outermost shell.The first evidence that muscular exercise increases radical production and promotes ox... Free radicals(radicals)are highly reactive atoms or molecules that contain one or more unpaired electrons in their outermost shell.The first evidence that muscular exercise increases radical production and promotes oxidative damage to tissues was reported almost five decades ago.Following this milestone discovery,many studies have corroborated the finding that exercise increases the production of radicals and other reactive oxygen species(ROS)resulting in oxidative damage to macromolecules in muscles and other tissues.Although exercise-induced ROS production is associated with oxidative damage in many tissues,growing evidence reveals that ROS produced in contracting muscles act as signaling molecules to promote healthy exercise-induced adaptations in skeletal muscles and other tissues.These adaptive responses include increased mitochondrial volume,improved antioxidant capacity,and expression of cytoprotective proteins.Therefore,a key question emerges:“Is exerciseinduced ROS production a friend or foe?”This review provides a state-of-the-art discussion of both the positive and negative effects of exercise-induced ROS production by examining the consequences of both oxidative damage to cellular macromolecules and the redox signaling-induced adaptations that occur in muscle fibers.To address the question of whether exercise-induced ROS production is a friend or foe we conclude with a risk/benefit analysis of the biological effects of exercise-induced production of ROS. 展开更多
关键词 Oxidants Radicals Reactive oxygen species Skeletal muscle Fatigue
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运动延缓认知功能衰退的作用及机制 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 郭晓征 尹洪刚 汪锡金 《重庆医科大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第7期959-964,共6页
年龄相关认知功能衰退(age-associated cognitive decline,AACD)是一种增龄性的记忆、注意、思维能力的下降,增加罹患阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)、帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)的风险,其潜在的生理学机制可能是由于... 年龄相关认知功能衰退(age-associated cognitive decline,AACD)是一种增龄性的记忆、注意、思维能力的下降,增加罹患阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)、帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)的风险,其潜在的生理学机制可能是由于年龄增加使得神经元内的信号传导通路失衡,神经元损伤,认知功能下降。因此,清除受损或衰老的细胞,有助于促进神经元修复,维持健康的细胞环境具有重要作用。来自骨骼肌、肝脏和脂肪组织在运动负荷刺激下分泌运动因子,细胞外囊泡(extracellular vesicles,EVs)作为运动因子的有效载体能够透过血脑屏障,维持大脑神经元的内稳态,进而起到延缓认知衰退的目的。本文综述了肌肉、肝脏和脂肪组织衍生的运动因子通过EVs介导修复受损神经元,改善大脑的代谢和认知功能,为有氧运动延缓认知衰退的作用及机制提供理论基础。 展开更多
关键词 认知衰退 胞外囊泡 有氧运动
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Increased oxygen demand during exercise as a stimulus for neuroprotection:A working hypothesis 认领 引用
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作者 Johannes Burtscher Robert Motl +8 位作者 Erich Hohenauer Luis Santos Atbin Djamshidian Hannelore Ehrenreich Florian Krismer Klaus Berek Martin Burtscher Katharina Hüfner Martin Kopp 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第10期4523-4528,共6页
Aerobic(endurance)exercise training protects from age-related neurological and psychiatric diseases.The bidirectional signaling between tissues directly involved in aerobic exercise,such as skeletal muscle and the bra... Aerobic(endurance)exercise training protects from age-related neurological and psychiatric diseases.The bidirectional signaling between tissues directly involved in aerobic exercise,such as skeletal muscle and the brain,is well established;however,the precise mechanisms by which exercise benefits the brain remain elusive.We summarize the role of hypoxia(reduced oxygen availability)signaling as a potential mediator of exercise outcomes on the brain.The increased oxygen demand in organs such as skeletal muscle and heart during aerobic exercise induces hypoxia responses,including the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor pathways.These responses promote adaptations leading to improved oxygen transport,mitochondrial functions,and oxidative stress management in the brain and thereby counteract central pathological developments associated with neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases.Passive hypoxia exposures can similarly improve brain functions;we provide an extensive overview of the existent literature on that topic.We conclude that the combination of aerobic exercise and ambient hypoxia can result in synergistic and/or additive positive outcomes in the brain.However,the dose of either stimulus and individual resilience/vulnerabilities determines if the induced stress responses are successful and safe.If the stress management capacities are insufficient,the different stimuli may have antagonistic effects or inhibit beneficial adaptations.The selection of combinations for optimal adaptation is an important challenge for future research. 展开更多
关键词 cardiorespiratory fitness exercise hypoxia inducible factor mental health mitochondria neurodegeneration neurological disorders neuroprotection oxygen physical activity
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缺血预处理影响运动表现的系统评价与多层次荟萃分析 认领 引用
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作者 张益林 徐恺 +3 位作者 殷明越 孔昊 刘承豪 谢云 《中国组织工程研究》 CAS 北大核心 2026年第17期4472-4486,共15页
目的:运动表现提升一直是体育科学关注的焦点。缺血预处理作为一种非药物干预手段已被证实可提升运动表现,然而其效果在不同研究中存在分歧,影响因素尚不明确。此项研究旨在对缺血预处理结合运动的原创研究进行系统荟萃分析,探讨其实际... 目的:运动表现提升一直是体育科学关注的焦点。缺血预处理作为一种非药物干预手段已被证实可提升运动表现,然而其效果在不同研究中存在分歧,影响因素尚不明确。此项研究旨在对缺血预处理结合运动的原创研究进行系统荟萃分析,探讨其实际效应及潜在调节机制。方法:依据《系统综述与元分析优先报告条目》规范,于2024-09-04检索Web of Science核心合集、PubMed、Embase与中国知网数据库,以“ischemic preconditioning,performance,sport,缺血预处理”等为关键词。纳入标准:①非疾病人群;②缺血预处理对照为假性缺血预处理或无缺血处理;③结局指标包括平衡、跳跃、力量、氧亏、功率、重复次数、计时成绩、力竭时间与摄氧量等;④研究类型为随机对照试验或随机交叉研究。采用Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0与GRADE评估偏倚风险与证据等级;使用R 4.3.3中的“meta”“metafor”以及“clubSandwich”包进行多层次效应合并、发表偏倚检验、亚组及回归分析。结果:共纳入90篇文献,1439名受试者,年龄在18-70岁。①相比假性缺血预处理或空白对照,缺血预处理可有效提高运动表现[ES=0.13,95%CI(0.06,0.21),P<0.01,Q=427,I2-Level 2=0%,I2-Level 3=9.13%,I2-Level 4=5.74%,PI(-0.18,0.44),低证据等级]。②亚组组间分析发现缺血预处理组vs.空白对照组的效果提升显著大于(P=0.02)缺血预处理组vs.假性缺血预处理组[ESCON=0.22,95%CI(0.12,0.33),P<0.01;ESSHAM=0.10,95%CI(0.02,0.18),P<0.01]。③不同能量代谢特点(无氧或有氧运动)、运动经验水平、性别组间未发现显著差异。④缺血预处理方案中,发现仅1篇的1×5 min方案显著大于其余所有方案(P=0.01)。组内差异发现,仅3×5 min[ES=0.14,95%CI(0.03,0.26),P<0.01]、4×5 min[ES=0.10,95%CI(0.00,0.21),P=0.02]方案在统计学上显著。⑤久坐不动者[ES=0.14,95%CI(-0.10,0.39),P=0.03]、休闲活动者[ES=0.15,95%CI(0.03,0.27),P=0.02]、发展或训练中受试者[ES=0.19,95%CI(0.04,0.33),P=0.01]的运动表现显著提高;高度训练或国家级运动员、精英或国际级运动员,以及世界级运动员的运动表现变化均不显著。仅男性受试者[ES=0.20,95%CI(0.10,0.30),P<0.01]在统计学上显著。结论:缺血预处理对运动表现的提升效果微弱,且存在显著的安慰剂效应(心理作用)。缺血预处理方案(缺血再灌注时长)也是影响运动表现的一个调节因子,其中3×5 min或4×5 min的方案效果最佳。运动经验水平较低的男性反应更为显著,但性别、经验以及年龄作为调节因子尚无明确统计学结果支持。未来研究应加强对安慰剂效应的控制,采用标准化的缺血和再灌注方案深入探索缺血预处理的独立效应与适用边界。 展开更多
关键词 缺血 力量 血流 有氧能力 计时赛 输出功率 力竭测试 运动 表现 Meta 荟萃 多层次荟萃
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Physical activity and exercise within the context of obesity treatment:Enhancing health beyond weight loss 认领 引用
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作者 John M.Jakicic Christian E.Behrens +7 位作者 Sarah E.Deemer Bethany Forseth Christos S.Katsanos Brett S.Nickerson Wagner L.Prado Xuewen Wang Landon S.Deru Renee J.Rogers 《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期31-40,共10页
Overweight and obesity are significant public health concerns worldwide due to their association with many chronic health conditions.This has resulted in the development of various interventions focused on weight loss... Overweight and obesity are significant public health concerns worldwide due to their association with many chronic health conditions.This has resulted in the development of various interventions focused on weight loss to reduce the associated health burden.Physical activity is an important lifestyle behavior associated with enhanced health.Evidence supports that many of the benefits of physical activity are realized independent of initial weight status or whether weight loss is achieved,with some benefits additive to what is achieved with weight loss alone.These benefits include enhanced cardiometabolic,brain,cognitive and psychological health,and others.Moreover,in adults with overweight or obesity,physical activity has independent effects on cardiorespiratory fitness,muscular strength,physical function,and mobility.There are also benefits to body composition,with physical activity improving the quality of key tissues,such as skeletal muscle,which may not occur with diet-induced weight loss.Therefore,physical activity is an important public health target for adults with overweight or obesity to provide a wide range of health benefits that extend beyond those of weight loss alone.However,physical activity recommendations and programming efforts should consider the unique characteristics of adults with overweight or obesity to be most effective,and should support a focus on mobility,physical function,and other health outcomes. 展开更多
关键词 Physical activity Exercise Obesity Body composition Health risk
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Adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines is related to a lower risk of all-cause mortality:A prospective cohort study of 14,288 participants from the SUN Project 认领 引用
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作者 JoséFrancisco López-Gil Mark S.Tremblay +4 位作者 Maira Bes-Rastrollo Laura Moreno-Galarraga Stefanos N.Kales MiguelÁngel Martínez-González Alejandro Fernandez-Montero 《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期74-83,共10页
Purpose:The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a large Spanish prospective cohort.Methods:We analyz... Purpose:The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a large Spanish prospective cohort.Methods:We analyzed data from 14,288 participants of the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra(SUN)Project,followed for a mean of 12.8 years(mean baseline age=38.3 years;60.1%women).Data were collected at baseline and through biennial follow-up questionnaires(up to 10 waves,depending on year of entry).The participants self-reported 24-h movement behaviors at baseline and were categorized based on the number of guidelines met(0-3).Behaviors were assessed at baseline only;changes in adherence during follow-up were not accounted for.Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios(HRs)for all-cause and cause-specific mortality,adjusting for sociodemographic,lifestyle,and clinical covariates.Results:Meeting a greater number of 24-Hour Movement Guidelines at baseline was associated with a progressively lower risk of all-cause mortality.Compared with those meeting none,the multivariable-adjusted HRs were 0.52(95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.33-0.82)for meeting 1 guideline,0.47(95%CI:0.30-0.73)for meeting 2 guidelines,and 0.44(95%CI:0.28-0.71)for meeting all 3 guidelines.Only adherence to the physical activity guidelines was independently associated with a significantly lower mortality risk(HR=0.70;95%CI:0.55-0.89).A reduced risk was also observed for cancer and other-cause mortality among those meeting 2 or more guidelines.Conclusion:Adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines at baseline,particularly physical activity,was associated with a lower risk of mortality.Promoting an integrated approach to movement behaviors may be an effective strategy for improving population health and longevity. 展开更多
关键词 Physical activity Sedentary behavior Sleep duration Lifestyle Movement behaviors
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力量与耐力不同顺序组合训练对青年人群骨骼肌功能及有氧代谢能力的影响 认领 引用
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作者 王硕 厉中山 +3 位作者 车同同 邢新阳 陈子桐 史衍 《中国组织工程研究》 CAS 北大核心 2026年第18期4602-4610,共9页
背景:青年期是人体的体能发展关键窗口期,此阶段骨骼肌功能(包括肌力、功率输出及肌肉耐力)的优化不仅关乎运动表现,更是预防现代生活方式导致的肌肉衰减、代谢紊乱的前沿防线。同时,心肺耐力代表心血管及呼吸系统的整体功能,预测健康... 背景:青年期是人体的体能发展关键窗口期,此阶段骨骼肌功能(包括肌力、功率输出及肌肉耐力)的优化不仅关乎运动表现,更是预防现代生活方式导致的肌肉衰减、代谢紊乱的前沿防线。同时,心肺耐力代表心血管及呼吸系统的整体功能,预测健康风险的重要指标。目的:探讨力量训练与耐力训练不同安排顺序(力量优先vs.耐力优先)对青年人群下肢骨骼肌功能(最大力量、力量耐力)及有氧代谢能力(最大摄氧量)的影响。方法:将30名河北体育学院在校健康青年大学生随机分为力量优先组(n=10)、耐力优先组(n=10)和对照组(n=10)。力量优先组进行力量训练后再进行耐力训练,耐力优先组顺序相反,对照组保持日常活动。干预为期8周,每周2次。测试干预前后下肢1RM深蹲/硬拉(最大力量)、70%1RM深蹲/硬拉极限次数(力量耐力)及最大摄氧量(间接法推算)。结果与结论:8周干预后,力量优先组1RM深蹲、1RM硬拉显著提高(P<0.05,P<0.01),70%1RM深蹲/硬拉极限次数极显著提高(P<0.01)。耐力优先组70%1RM深蹲/硬拉极限次数极显著提高(P<0.01),但1RM深蹲/硬拉无显著变化。最大摄氧量仅在耐力优先组显著提升(P<0.05),力量优先组维持不变,对照组显著下降(P<0.05)。组间比较显示,70%1RM深蹲/硬拉极限次数及最大摄氧量组间差异显著(P<0.01),其中耐力优先组最大摄氧量显著高于力量优先组(P<0.05)和对照组(P<0.01)。上述结果说明,在同期训练中,力量训练优先安排更有利于提升青年人群下肢最大力量并维持有氧能力;耐力训练优先安排则更有利于提升力量耐力和有氧代谢能力。 展开更多
关键词 同期训练 训练顺序 青年人群 力量 耐力 下肢 骨骼肌
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Dose-response associations of self-reported and device-measured physical activity with major adverse cardiovascular events in people with prevalent diseases 认领 引用
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作者 Miguel Adriano Sanchez-Lastra Borja del Pozo Cruz +4 位作者 Jakob Tarp Knut Eirik Dalene Tormod S.Nilsen Ding Ding Ulf Ekelund 《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第5期77-86,共10页
Purpose:To investigate the dose—response associations of self-reported and device-measured physical activity with major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)and cardiovascular disease(CVD)mortality in individuals with ... Purpose:To investigate the dose—response associations of self-reported and device-measured physical activity with major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)and cardiovascular disease(CVD)mortality in individuals with a history of CVD,type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),or cancer.Methods:We analyzed data from 34,183 UK Biobank participants(CVD:n=8703;T2DM:n=11,623;cancer:n=13,857;age=60.0±7.1 years,mean±SD;45.3%women).Physical activity was assessed using self-reports and wrist-worn accelerometers in a subsample(n=6077).Dose-response associations with MACE and CVD mortality were evaluated using Fine-Gray competing-risk models with penalized splines,adjusting for confounders.Results:During a median follow-up of 13.1 years,8729 MACE and 982 CVD deaths were recorded.Self-reported physical activity showed nonlinear inverse associations with MACE,with the optimal dose(nadir)observed at≈4000 MET-min/week in CVD(hazard ratio(HR)=0.95)and cancer(HR=0.92)and≈6000 MET-min/week in T2DM(HR=0.91),compared to participants in the 5th centiles of activity.For CVD mortality,the optimal dose was observed at≈5000 MET-min/week in CVD(HR=0.86)and cancer(HR=0.62),respectively.Device-measured moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity showed stronger dose-response associations with MACE for T2DM(optimal dose observed at≈200 min/week,HR=0.88)and cancer(optimal dose at≈700 min/week,HR=0.27,wide confidence intervals).Conclusion:Physical activity could reduce MACE risk in people with a history of CVD,T2DM,or cancer.While a similar shape of doseresponse patterns was observed across these groups,self-reported data suggested the minimal effective dose might exceed current World Health Organization recommendations.However,device-measured data supported existing guidelines for people with T2DM and cancer survivors. 展开更多
关键词 Exercise Cardiovascular disease Cancer Type 2 diabetes mellitus Mortality
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乳酸阈和两极化训练模式对青少年男子赛艇运动员心脏形态和功能的影响 认领 引用
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作者 孔凡明 朱苗苗 +4 位作者 皮桂波 杨三军 吕媛媛 赵丽 米靖 《中国运动医学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第2期95-104,共10页
目的:探究8周负荷等量的乳酸阈训练模式(threshold training model,THR)和两极化训练模式(polarized training model,POL)对青少年男子赛艇运动员心脏形态和功能的影响。方法:纳入30名14~16岁男子赛艇运动员作为实验组,随机分为THR组和... 目的:探究8周负荷等量的乳酸阈训练模式(threshold training model,THR)和两极化训练模式(polarized training model,POL)对青少年男子赛艇运动员心脏形态和功能的影响。方法:纳入30名14~16岁男子赛艇运动员作为实验组,随机分为THR组和POL组(每组15人,年龄15.37±1.20岁),分别进行8周训练强度分布(Z1∶Z2∶Z3)为72%∶24%∶4%的THR模式和训练强度分布(Z1∶Z2∶Z3)为78%∶8%∶14%的POL模式干预,利用3 km跑成绩评价有氧耐力表现变化;选取17名年龄、性别、地域相匹配的普通初中生作为对照组(年龄15.07±1.06岁),保持其日常身体活动水平,不接受任何额外的实验性训练干预。THR组和POL组干预前、后进行安静状态和最大强度运动即刻的超声心动图检查,对照组在干预前、后仅进行安静状态的超声心动图检查,以反映心脏的结构和功能。结果:8周训练后,THR组和POL组的3 km跑成绩较干预前均显著提高(P<0.01),组间无显著性差异;安静状态下超声心动图结果表明,THR组和POL组运动员的左心室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end-diastolic dimension,LVIDd)和左心室舒张末期容积(left ventricular end-diastolic volume,EDV)较干预前均得到显著提高(P<0.05),每搏量(stroke volume,SV)较干预前也显著提高(P<0.01),心率(heart rate,HR)较干预前显著降低(P<0.01)。最大强度运动后即刻,POL组的左心室收缩末期后壁厚度(left ventricular end-systolic posterior wall thickness,LVPWs)较干预前显著降低(P=0.05),心输出量(cardiac output,CO)和HR较干预前均显著升高(P<0.01)。8周训练后安静状态和最大强度运动后即刻,两实验组组间比较,所有指标均无显著性差异。结论:8周THR模式和POL模式训练均能提高青少年赛艇运动员有氧耐力表现,有效改善青少年赛艇运动员的心脏形态,提高心脏泵血功能,且两实验组的改善效果相似。 展开更多
关键词 超声心动图 青少年 两极化训练模式 乳酸阈训练模式 赛艇 心脏形态 心脏功能
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