BACKGROUND Although Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)can cause a range of gastric diseases and affects approximately 50% of the global population,its routes of transmission have yet to be sufficiently clarified.In a preli...BACKGROUND Although Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)can cause a range of gastric diseases and affects approximately 50% of the global population,its routes of transmission have yet to be sufficiently clarified.In a preliminary study,we found that H.pylori can reside within the cells of Candida yeasts,with maternal Candida serving as a potential reservoir for the transmission of H.pylori to neonates during delivery.AIM To study the route of H.pylori transmission from mothers to offspring.METHODS We established vaginal and gastric infection models using female C57BL/6J mice infected with H.pylori 16S rDNA and urease A(ureA)genes-positive Candida.The successfully infective female mice were then mated with normal male mice until conception(classified vaginal and cesarean deliveries).The H.pylori infection status in female mice and their offspring was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,polymerase chain reaction,Candida isolation and culture,and histopathological examination.RESULTS The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed an increase in H.pylori-specific IgG and IgM serum antibodies in the H.pylori-positive Candida group maternal and offspring mice compared to the control and normal groups.H.pylori 16S rDNA or ureA genes was detected in samples from some of the maternal and offspring mice,including gastric mucosa,intestinal contents,vaginal tissue,placenta,and fetal membranes.In addition,H.pylori 16S rDNA-or ureA gene-positive Candida were successfully isolated from the tissues of some postpartum maternal and offspring mice.Moreover,histopathological examination revealed bleeding spots and inflammatory cell infiltration in the gastric mucosal tissues of some maternal mice and offspring in the H.pylori-positive Candida group.CONCLUSION In conclusion,H.pylori infection of newborns may be acquired through vertical transmission during childbirth,potentially originating from the mother’s Candida that has been internalized by H.pylori.展开更多
BACKGROUND Enhancing the professionalism of physicians in diagnosing and treating Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is crucial,given their pivotal role in the eradication therapy.AIM To explore the effectiveness ...BACKGROUND Enhancing the professionalism of physicians in diagnosing and treating Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is crucial,given their pivotal role in the eradication therapy.AIM To explore the effectiveness of a single training course on H.pylori eradication therapy in gastroenterologists.METHODS This was a prospective,before-and-after,non-randomized interventional study based on real-world data.From March 2022 to December 2023,each physician enrolled 25 patients and acquired review outcomes,before they underwent professional training.Following this educational intervention,each physician proceeded to enroll an additional cohort of 25 patients and obtained subsequent review results for comparison.The primary outcome was a comparison of H.pylori eradication rate among gastroenterologists before and after training.RESULTS In total,20 physicians and 1000 patients were finally analyzed.After training,the eradication rates improved significantly in both intention-to-treat analysis[58.6%vs 71.6%,odds ratio(OR)=1.785,95%confidence interval(CI):1.370-2.325,P<0.001]and per-protocol analysis(81.2%vs 88.6%,OR=1.788,95%CI:1.191-2.684,P=0.005).The therapy standardization rates(71.0%vs 89.6%,OR=3.519,95%CI:2.490-4.974,P<0.001)and patient review rates(71.4%vs 80.4%,OR=1.643,95%CI:1.225-2.204,P=0.001)also improved significantly.However,no improvement was found in adverse reaction documentation rates(21.0%vs 21.2%,OR=1.010,95%CI:0.743-1.372,P=0.951).Subgroup analysis revealed that physicians with less experience and historically lower eradication rates benefited more from the training course.CONCLUSION A one-time training course on H.pylori eradication in physicians could improve H.pylori eradication rates,as well as therapy standardization rates and patient review rates.展开更多
Helicobacter pylori infection remains a major global health challenge,contributing to chronic gastritis,peptic ulcer disease,and gastric cancer.Rising antimicrobial resistance,host genetic variability,and inconsistent...Helicobacter pylori infection remains a major global health challenge,contributing to chronic gastritis,peptic ulcer disease,and gastric cancer.Rising antimicrobial resistance,host genetic variability,and inconsistent patient adherence have limited the effectiveness of conventional proton pump inhibitor-based eradication regimens.Vonoprazan-amoxicillin(VPZ-AMO)dual therapy is a promising firstline alternative,with high eradication rates,favorable tolerability,and simplified antibiotic exposure demonstrated in multicenter trials across Asia.Evidence suggests that VPZ-AMO dual therapy may outperform traditional proton pump inhibitor-based triple or bismuth quadruple therapies,particularly in populations with high clarithromycin resistance.However,important questions remain regarding its generalizability,optimal dosing,host pharmacogenetic effects,and potential long-term impacts on the gut microbiota.This opinion review summarizes current clinical evidence,highlights unresolved controversies,and outlines future research priorities,including multicenter validation,host factor-guided therapy,microbiome monitoring,and dosing optimization.By integrating these elements into a structured,sequential framework,VPZ-AMO dual therapy is presented as a safe,effective,and adaptable regimen,with substantial potential to improve Helicobacter pylori management and reduce the global burden of associated gastrointestinal diseases.展开更多
目的:采用倾向性得分匹配(propensity score matching,PSM)法评价某三甲医院运用分光染色成像(compound band imaging,CBI)技术的国产胃镜与运用窄带成像(narrow band imaging,NBI)技术的进口胃镜的诊断结果一致性。方法:回顾性收集2022...目的:采用倾向性得分匹配(propensity score matching,PSM)法评价某三甲医院运用分光染色成像(compound band imaging,CBI)技术的国产胃镜与运用窄带成像(narrow band imaging,NBI)技术的进口胃镜的诊断结果一致性。方法:回顾性收集2022年1—12月于某院经常规胃镜检查发现胃黏膜呈现不典型病变的1325例患者的临床资料。根据所用胃镜电子染色技术的不同,将使用NBI技术的患者划分为NBI组,使用CBI技术的患者划分为CBI组,以1∶4比例进行PSM以调整基线特征的差异,最终纳入NBI组420例和CBI组105例。以病理诊断为金标准,计算2组诊断结果和病理诊断结果的符合率。采用敏感度、特异度、阴性预测值和阳性预测值对2组癌前状态的诊断准确性进行评估。使用R Studio软件进行统计学分析。结果:经过PSM后,2组数据的基线特征一致,且病理诊断结果占比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对比浅表性胃炎、胃息肉和肿瘤,CBI组与NBI组的诊断符合率差异较小;CBI组对萎缩性胃炎的诊断符合率高于NBI组;CBI组对胃溃疡和异型增生的诊断符合率低于NBI组,差异较大。CBI组诊断癌前状态的敏感度、特异度、阴性预测值、阳性预测值分别为100.00%、52.08%、100.00%、67.14%,NBI组诊断癌前状态的敏感度、特异度、阴性预测值、阳性预测值分别为95.26%、64.29%、92.31%、75.10%。结论:运用CBI技术的国产胃镜对癌前状态的诊断效能与运用NBI技术的进口胃镜相近,在胃癌的早期筛查、诊断中可以优先考虑运用CBI技术的国产胃镜。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82260402Research Foundation of The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University,No.GYFYMF002 and No.GYFYMF001+4 种基金Central-Guided Local Science and Technology Projects of Guizhou Province,No.Qiankehe[2025]024Guizhou Key Laboratory,No.ZDSYS[2023]004Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Digestive System Diseases,No.ZSYS[2025]021Basic Research Program of Guizhou Science and Technology Plan,No.ZK[2022]341 and No.ZK[2022]368National Science Foundation of Hainan,No.821QN0993.
摘要BACKGROUND Although Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)can cause a range of gastric diseases and affects approximately 50% of the global population,its routes of transmission have yet to be sufficiently clarified.In a preliminary study,we found that H.pylori can reside within the cells of Candida yeasts,with maternal Candida serving as a potential reservoir for the transmission of H.pylori to neonates during delivery.AIM To study the route of H.pylori transmission from mothers to offspring.METHODS We established vaginal and gastric infection models using female C57BL/6J mice infected with H.pylori 16S rDNA and urease A(ureA)genes-positive Candida.The successfully infective female mice were then mated with normal male mice until conception(classified vaginal and cesarean deliveries).The H.pylori infection status in female mice and their offspring was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,polymerase chain reaction,Candida isolation and culture,and histopathological examination.RESULTS The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed an increase in H.pylori-specific IgG and IgM serum antibodies in the H.pylori-positive Candida group maternal and offspring mice compared to the control and normal groups.H.pylori 16S rDNA or ureA genes was detected in samples from some of the maternal and offspring mice,including gastric mucosa,intestinal contents,vaginal tissue,placenta,and fetal membranes.In addition,H.pylori 16S rDNA-or ureA gene-positive Candida were successfully isolated from the tissues of some postpartum maternal and offspring mice.Moreover,histopathological examination revealed bleeding spots and inflammatory cell infiltration in the gastric mucosal tissues of some maternal mice and offspring in the H.pylori-positive Candida group.CONCLUSION In conclusion,H.pylori infection of newborns may be acquired through vertical transmission during childbirth,potentially originating from the mother’s Candida that has been internalized by H.pylori.
基金Supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.2022JC021National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82270570 and No.82070551the ECCM Program of Clinical Research Center of Shandong University,No.2021SDUCRCB003.
摘要BACKGROUND Enhancing the professionalism of physicians in diagnosing and treating Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is crucial,given their pivotal role in the eradication therapy.AIM To explore the effectiveness of a single training course on H.pylori eradication therapy in gastroenterologists.METHODS This was a prospective,before-and-after,non-randomized interventional study based on real-world data.From March 2022 to December 2023,each physician enrolled 25 patients and acquired review outcomes,before they underwent professional training.Following this educational intervention,each physician proceeded to enroll an additional cohort of 25 patients and obtained subsequent review results for comparison.The primary outcome was a comparison of H.pylori eradication rate among gastroenterologists before and after training.RESULTS In total,20 physicians and 1000 patients were finally analyzed.After training,the eradication rates improved significantly in both intention-to-treat analysis[58.6%vs 71.6%,odds ratio(OR)=1.785,95%confidence interval(CI):1.370-2.325,P<0.001]and per-protocol analysis(81.2%vs 88.6%,OR=1.788,95%CI:1.191-2.684,P=0.005).The therapy standardization rates(71.0%vs 89.6%,OR=3.519,95%CI:2.490-4.974,P<0.001)and patient review rates(71.4%vs 80.4%,OR=1.643,95%CI:1.225-2.204,P=0.001)also improved significantly.However,no improvement was found in adverse reaction documentation rates(21.0%vs 21.2%,OR=1.010,95%CI:0.743-1.372,P=0.951).Subgroup analysis revealed that physicians with less experience and historically lower eradication rates benefited more from the training course.CONCLUSION A one-time training course on H.pylori eradication in physicians could improve H.pylori eradication rates,as well as therapy standardization rates and patient review rates.
摘要Helicobacter pylori infection remains a major global health challenge,contributing to chronic gastritis,peptic ulcer disease,and gastric cancer.Rising antimicrobial resistance,host genetic variability,and inconsistent patient adherence have limited the effectiveness of conventional proton pump inhibitor-based eradication regimens.Vonoprazan-amoxicillin(VPZ-AMO)dual therapy is a promising firstline alternative,with high eradication rates,favorable tolerability,and simplified antibiotic exposure demonstrated in multicenter trials across Asia.Evidence suggests that VPZ-AMO dual therapy may outperform traditional proton pump inhibitor-based triple or bismuth quadruple therapies,particularly in populations with high clarithromycin resistance.However,important questions remain regarding its generalizability,optimal dosing,host pharmacogenetic effects,and potential long-term impacts on the gut microbiota.This opinion review summarizes current clinical evidence,highlights unresolved controversies,and outlines future research priorities,including multicenter validation,host factor-guided therapy,microbiome monitoring,and dosing optimization.By integrating these elements into a structured,sequential framework,VPZ-AMO dual therapy is presented as a safe,effective,and adaptable regimen,with substantial potential to improve Helicobacter pylori management and reduce the global burden of associated gastrointestinal diseases.
摘要目的:采用倾向性得分匹配(propensity score matching,PSM)法评价某三甲医院运用分光染色成像(compound band imaging,CBI)技术的国产胃镜与运用窄带成像(narrow band imaging,NBI)技术的进口胃镜的诊断结果一致性。方法:回顾性收集2022年1—12月于某院经常规胃镜检查发现胃黏膜呈现不典型病变的1325例患者的临床资料。根据所用胃镜电子染色技术的不同,将使用NBI技术的患者划分为NBI组,使用CBI技术的患者划分为CBI组,以1∶4比例进行PSM以调整基线特征的差异,最终纳入NBI组420例和CBI组105例。以病理诊断为金标准,计算2组诊断结果和病理诊断结果的符合率。采用敏感度、特异度、阴性预测值和阳性预测值对2组癌前状态的诊断准确性进行评估。使用R Studio软件进行统计学分析。结果:经过PSM后,2组数据的基线特征一致,且病理诊断结果占比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对比浅表性胃炎、胃息肉和肿瘤,CBI组与NBI组的诊断符合率差异较小;CBI组对萎缩性胃炎的诊断符合率高于NBI组;CBI组对胃溃疡和异型增生的诊断符合率低于NBI组,差异较大。CBI组诊断癌前状态的敏感度、特异度、阴性预测值、阳性预测值分别为100.00%、52.08%、100.00%、67.14%,NBI组诊断癌前状态的敏感度、特异度、阴性预测值、阳性预测值分别为95.26%、64.29%、92.31%、75.10%。结论:运用CBI技术的国产胃镜对癌前状态的诊断效能与运用NBI技术的进口胃镜相近,在胃癌的早期筛查、诊断中可以优先考虑运用CBI技术的国产胃镜。