The cold chain environment is an important route for the long⁃distance transmission of pathogenic micro⁃organisms.In this study,we explored the mechanisms of secondary propagation through surface contact on cold surfa...The cold chain environment is an important route for the long⁃distance transmission of pathogenic micro⁃organisms.In this study,we explored the mechanisms of secondary propagation through surface contact on cold surfaces.A quantitative statistical experimental method was adopted to study the surface⁃contact transmission of micro⁃organisms,wherein the transfer rate of surface contact was the dependent variable and Escherichia coli was used as the indicator bacterium.The effects of contact pressure(0.44,0.86,1.55,2.25,and 2.94 N/cm2),contact time(0,15,30,45,and 60 s),contact angle(15°and 25°),and surface materials(rubber and cotton gloves)were measured at two storage temperatures:cold storage(5℃)and freezing(-18℃).The results showed that as temperature decreases,the transfer of micro⁃organisms through surface contact becomes less probable.The contact time did not significantly influence the transfer rate of micro⁃organisms when items were handled at cold⁃storage temperatures.Based on these results,we recommend placing items as flat as possible to minimize the tilt angle when handling them at cold⁃storage temperatures.Additionally,if the tilt angle cannot be avoided,rubber gloves should be used when handling items stored at large tilt angles,whereas cotton gloves may be used for items placed at smaller angles.展开更多
浸渍式冷冻(immersion chilling and freezing,ICF)是利用低温冷冻液与食品直接接触,实现食品迅速降温及冻结的一种高效的冷冻加工技术。与其他冷冻方法相比,浸渍式冷冻具有冷冻速率快、能耗低、冻品品质高等优点。通过研究国内外相关文...浸渍式冷冻(immersion chilling and freezing,ICF)是利用低温冷冻液与食品直接接触,实现食品迅速降温及冻结的一种高效的冷冻加工技术。与其他冷冻方法相比,浸渍式冷冻具有冷冻速率快、能耗低、冻品品质高等优点。通过研究国内外相关文献,从浸渍式冷冻的机理、低温冷冻液及改进方法3个方面综述了浸渍式冷冻近年来的研究进展。对浸渍式冷冻在食品冷冻加工中的应用进行归纳分析,总结浸渍式冷冻在食品冷冻加工中存在的问题,提出未来发展方向。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52278121).
摘要The cold chain environment is an important route for the long⁃distance transmission of pathogenic micro⁃organisms.In this study,we explored the mechanisms of secondary propagation through surface contact on cold surfaces.A quantitative statistical experimental method was adopted to study the surface⁃contact transmission of micro⁃organisms,wherein the transfer rate of surface contact was the dependent variable and Escherichia coli was used as the indicator bacterium.The effects of contact pressure(0.44,0.86,1.55,2.25,and 2.94 N/cm2),contact time(0,15,30,45,and 60 s),contact angle(15°and 25°),and surface materials(rubber and cotton gloves)were measured at two storage temperatures:cold storage(5℃)and freezing(-18℃).The results showed that as temperature decreases,the transfer of micro⁃organisms through surface contact becomes less probable.The contact time did not significantly influence the transfer rate of micro⁃organisms when items were handled at cold⁃storage temperatures.Based on these results,we recommend placing items as flat as possible to minimize the tilt angle when handling them at cold⁃storage temperatures.Additionally,if the tilt angle cannot be avoided,rubber gloves should be used when handling items stored at large tilt angles,whereas cotton gloves may be used for items placed at smaller angles.
摘要浸渍式冷冻(immersion chilling and freezing,ICF)是利用低温冷冻液与食品直接接触,实现食品迅速降温及冻结的一种高效的冷冻加工技术。与其他冷冻方法相比,浸渍式冷冻具有冷冻速率快、能耗低、冻品品质高等优点。通过研究国内外相关文献,从浸渍式冷冻的机理、低温冷冻液及改进方法3个方面综述了浸渍式冷冻近年来的研究进展。对浸渍式冷冻在食品冷冻加工中的应用进行归纳分析,总结浸渍式冷冻在食品冷冻加工中存在的问题,提出未来发展方向。