A low-temperature-resistant and high-strength stainless-steel jacket is a key component in the superconducting magnet of a fusion reactor.The development of cryogenic structural materials with high strength and toughn...A low-temperature-resistant and high-strength stainless-steel jacket is a key component in the superconducting magnet of a fusion reactor.The development of cryogenic structural materials with high strength and toughness poses a challenge for the future development of high-field superconducting magnets in fusion reactors.The yield strength of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor developed for low-temperature structural materials at 4.2K is below 1100MPa,which fails to meet the demand for structural components with yield strengths exceeding 1500MPa at 4.2K in the future fusion reactors.CHSN01(formerly N50H),which is a low-temperature structural material developed in China,exhibits exceptional strength and toughness,thereby making it highly promising for practical applications.Recently,a 30 t jacket measuring approximately 5000m in total length was produced.Its low-temperature mechanical properties were tested using a sampling method to ensure compliance with application requirements.This paper presents the experimental data of the CHSN01 jacket and tests of the physical properties of the material in the temperature range of 4–300 K.The physical properties were unaffected by magnetic field.Furthermore,this paper discusses the feasibility of employing CHSN01 as a cryogenic structural material capable of withstanding high magnetic fields in next-generation fusion reactors.展开更多
The oil yield of Brassica napus is determined by both seed yield and oil content.A previous study showed that strong RNA interference,designed to simultaneously knock down all four BnAP2 paralogs,reduced seed yield du...The oil yield of Brassica napus is determined by both seed yield and oil content.A previous study showed that strong RNA interference,designed to simultaneously knock down all four BnAP2 paralogs,reduced seed yield due to abnormal floral development in B.napus.However,the function of individual,specific BnAP2 paralogs in seed oil production and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.Here,we found that all four Bn AP2 paralogs present in the genome of the B.napus‘K407’inbred line were highly expressed in flowers and developing seeds;however,BnaA01.AP2 was minimally expressed in floral tissues.Interestingly,BnaA01.AP2 knockout mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in significant increases in both seed yield and oil content,thereby increasing overall seed oil yield without detectable negative effects on the other examined agronomic traits.Furthermore,we demonstrated that BnaA01.AP2 repressed oil accumulation by directly downregulating BnaA09.WRI1,BnaA03.BCCP1,BnaA09.L1L,and BnaC09.L1L and indirectly regulating a series of key genes involved in glycolysis,fatty acid biosynthesis,and triacylglycerol assembly during B.napus seed development.Our research not only provides insights into the regulatory mechanisms of seed oil accumulation but also provides promising genetic resources and germplasm for breeding cultivars with higher seed oil yield in B.napus.展开更多
To assess the effectiveness of vaccination in contaminated environments,this study introduces a modeling framework that encompasses two transmission routes,namely direct human-to-human contact and indirect human-to-en...To assess the effectiveness of vaccination in contaminated environments,this study introduces a modeling framework that encompasses two transmission routes,namely direct human-to-human contact and indirect human-to-environment contact,as well as the implementation of new M72/AS01Evaccine.Motivated by this,a coupled age-structured tuberculosis(TB)model is proposed.Its well-posedness requirement is verified using the integrated semigroup theory.Furthermore,this study presents a comprehensive analysis of threshold dynamics associated with the proposed model.Specifically,the global stability of the disease-free and positive steady states is demonstrated by employing Lyapunov functionals.Lastly,the effects of the vaccination with M72/AS01Eand contaminated environments on TB control are numerically simulated.Experimental results indicate that high concentrations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in contaminated environments may somewhat impede TB control efforts,but that large-scale deployment of new vaccine could significantly reduce the prevalence of TB.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12305196)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2308085QA23)+1 种基金Open Fund of Magnetic confinement Fusion Laboratory of Anhui Province(No.2023AMF03003)Science Foundation of Institute of Plasma Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.DSJJ-2024-10).
摘要A low-temperature-resistant and high-strength stainless-steel jacket is a key component in the superconducting magnet of a fusion reactor.The development of cryogenic structural materials with high strength and toughness poses a challenge for the future development of high-field superconducting magnets in fusion reactors.The yield strength of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor developed for low-temperature structural materials at 4.2K is below 1100MPa,which fails to meet the demand for structural components with yield strengths exceeding 1500MPa at 4.2K in the future fusion reactors.CHSN01(formerly N50H),which is a low-temperature structural material developed in China,exhibits exceptional strength and toughness,thereby making it highly promising for practical applications.Recently,a 30 t jacket measuring approximately 5000m in total length was produced.Its low-temperature mechanical properties were tested using a sampling method to ensure compliance with application requirements.This paper presents the experimental data of the CHSN01 jacket and tests of the physical properties of the material in the temperature range of 4–300 K.The physical properties were unaffected by magnetic field.Furthermore,this paper discusses the feasibility of employing CHSN01 as a cryogenic structural material capable of withstanding high magnetic fields in next-generation fusion reactors.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1200400)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Shaanxi Province(2024RSCXTD-69)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2025NC-YBXM-012)a grant from the Yangling Agricultural Hi-tech Industries Demonstration Zone(2024NY-25)。
摘要The oil yield of Brassica napus is determined by both seed yield and oil content.A previous study showed that strong RNA interference,designed to simultaneously knock down all four BnAP2 paralogs,reduced seed yield due to abnormal floral development in B.napus.However,the function of individual,specific BnAP2 paralogs in seed oil production and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.Here,we found that all four Bn AP2 paralogs present in the genome of the B.napus‘K407’inbred line were highly expressed in flowers and developing seeds;however,BnaA01.AP2 was minimally expressed in floral tissues.Interestingly,BnaA01.AP2 knockout mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in significant increases in both seed yield and oil content,thereby increasing overall seed oil yield without detectable negative effects on the other examined agronomic traits.Furthermore,we demonstrated that BnaA01.AP2 repressed oil accumulation by directly downregulating BnaA09.WRI1,BnaA03.BCCP1,BnaA09.L1L,and BnaC09.L1L and indirectly regulating a series of key genes involved in glycolysis,fatty acid biosynthesis,and triacylglycerol assembly during B.napus seed development.Our research not only provides insights into the regulatory mechanisms of seed oil accumulation but also provides promising genetic resources and germplasm for breeding cultivars with higher seed oil yield in B.napus.
摘要To assess the effectiveness of vaccination in contaminated environments,this study introduces a modeling framework that encompasses two transmission routes,namely direct human-to-human contact and indirect human-to-environment contact,as well as the implementation of new M72/AS01Evaccine.Motivated by this,a coupled age-structured tuberculosis(TB)model is proposed.Its well-posedness requirement is verified using the integrated semigroup theory.Furthermore,this study presents a comprehensive analysis of threshold dynamics associated with the proposed model.Specifically,the global stability of the disease-free and positive steady states is demonstrated by employing Lyapunov functionals.Lastly,the effects of the vaccination with M72/AS01Eand contaminated environments on TB control are numerically simulated.Experimental results indicate that high concentrations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in contaminated environments may somewhat impede TB control efforts,but that large-scale deployment of new vaccine could significantly reduce the prevalence of TB.