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Cerebral organoids as a platform to model prenatal exposure to drugs of abuse 认领 引用
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作者 Louise Keegan Kate Montwill +3 位作者 Ciaran Kennedy Ciara L.McMahon Jessica L.Davis Keith J.Murphy 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第10期4888-4889,共2页
Substance abuse is a global public health concern that,over the past decade,has increased by 23% worldwide(UNODC,2023).The number of people who suffer from drug use disorders in 2023 was estimated to be 39.5 million,a... Substance abuse is a global public health concern that,over the past decade,has increased by 23% worldwide(UNODC,2023).The number of people who suffer from drug use disorders in 2023 was estimated to be 39.5 million,a 45% increase over the 10 years since 2013(UNODC,2023). 展开更多
关键词 cerebral organoids global public health concern suffer drug use disorders prenatal exposure UNODC drug use disorders substance abuse drugs abuse
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Longitudinal Impact of Childhood Psychological Abuse on Adolescent Smartphone Addiction:A Moderated Mediation Model 认领 引用
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作者 Junwei Zhang Jingbo Wang +2 位作者 Qiangzhi Zuo Tong Han Yang Liu 《International Journal of Mental Health Promotion》 2026年第5期186-202,共17页
Objectives:Existing research indicates a link between childhood physical abuse(CPA)and adolescent smartphone addiction(SA),yet it primarily relies on cross-sectional data.This leaves the longitudinal developmental pat... Objectives:Existing research indicates a link between childhood physical abuse(CPA)and adolescent smartphone addiction(SA),yet it primarily relies on cross-sectional data.This leaves the longitudinal developmental pathways,including the mediating role of anxiety and the potential protective role of physical activity(PA),poorly understood and insufficiently examined.This study aimed to examine the longitudinal association between CPA and SA among Chinese middle school students,and to investigate the mediating role of anxiety and the moderating role of PA in this relationship.Methods:This study was conducted in two waves of a longitudinal design with an interval of three months from March to June in 2024.A convenience sampling method was used to survey 479 adolescents.After data matching and cleaning,421 valid samples were obtained.The measurements included CPA,Anxiety,SA,and PA data.Correlation analysis and the construction of the moderated mediation model were conducted using SPSS and the PROCESS plugin.Results:CPA(including emotional abuse and emotional neglect)was positively associated with adolescents’subsequent SA(r=0.297 and 0.113).Anxiety significantly mediated the longitudinal relationship between CPA and SA(CPA→anxiety:β=0.374,SE=0.045,t=8.339,p<0.001;anxiety→SA:β=0.447,SE=0.046,t=9.688,p<0.001),indicating that higher levels of childhood psychological abuse were linked to increased anxiety,which in turn predicted greater risk of SA.In addition,PA was negatively associated with CPA(r=-0.194),anxiety(r=-0.396),and SA(r=-0.265),and moderated the association between CPA and anxiety(β=-0.119,SE=0.045,t=-2.641,p<0.01),such that higher levels of PA weakened the adverse effect of CPA on anxiety.Conclusion:These findings suggest that anxiety plays a key psychological mechanism linking childhood psychological abuse to adolescent SA,while PA may function as a buffering factor that attenuates this risk pathway.From an applied perspective,school-based prevention and early intervention programs that focus on anxiety reduction and the promotion of regular PA may help reduce the likelihood of SA among adolescents exposed to psychological abuse. 展开更多
关键词 Childhood psychological abuse smartphone addiction physical activity anxiety longitudinal study
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How to Talk to Toddlers About Child Abuse Prevention 认领 引用
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作者 Julie Federico 《US-China Law Review》 2021年第6期274-278,共5页
I became interested in teaching preschoolers about child abuse prevention while I worked as a middle school counselor.The children at my school were 11 to 14 years old.They often recounted abuse that had happened to t... I became interested in teaching preschoolers about child abuse prevention while I worked as a middle school counselor.The children at my school were 11 to 14 years old.They often recounted abuse that had happened to them when they were 0-8 years old.Most of them had never self-disclosed the abuse.As they aged,they were demonstrating risk-taking behaviors to try to combat the long-term effects of untreated abuse.Alcohol,drugs,and early sexual experiences did not heal or stop the pain they had lived with for so long.I felt powerless to help them in their recovery efforts.I wanted to rewind and start at the beginning and prevent child abuse rather than do remediation from widespread child abuse.After 20 years of doing this work,it became apparent to me that there was a huge information void on the topic of how to talk to very young children about child abuse prevention.I wrote the landmark children’s book Some Parts are NOT for Sharing in 2007 and happily began my prevention career.In this paper,I will describe the details of how to talk to young children about child abuse and why this is so crucial for children’s safety. 展开更多
关键词 child abuse child abuse prevention child abuse prevention and toddlers parenting resource parenting abuse prevention how to prevent child abuse safety body safety body safety and toddlers how to talk to toddlers about body safety teacher resources preschool teacher resources resources for elementary school counselors daycare resources stop child abuse how to prevent child abuse child abuse prevention julie federico some parts are not for sharing
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Elder abuse-related rib fractures:performance of chest computed tomography in two case reports 认领 引用
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作者 Zhilu Zhou Peipei Zhuo +8 位作者 Jiemin Chen Lei Wan Xiaoying Yu Maowen Wang Dan Ran Xiaoping Yang Hongxia Hao Wentao Xia Qing Xia 《Forensic Sciences Research》 CSCD 2025年第3期106-110,共5页
Trauma in victims of abuse often exists in various ways,and the characters usually manifest as non-fatal injuries,repetitive occurrence,and the injured parts are relatively hidden.Forensic experts are optimally positi... Trauma in victims of abuse often exists in various ways,and the characters usually manifest as non-fatal injuries,repetitive occurrence,and the injured parts are relatively hidden.Forensic experts are optimally positioned to raise suspicion for abuse when comprehensively considering a forensic investigation,reviewing imaging,and other multiple factors of geriatric injury victims.However,few experts received formal or informal training in abuse identification.In this article,we discussed two cases of suspected victims of abuse with rib fractures and attempted to determine the location,timing,and directionality of these injuries to raise the index of suspicion for abuse.We present two cases to characterize the radiographic changes of rib fractures in various stages of healing and radiographic findings in elder abuse events.To improve the accuracy of the imaging diagnosis,we collected a series of computed tomography images of rib fractures and compared all computed tomography images of these two victims with these images.We found that the victims presented with repeated rib fractures and with different stages of healing.We strongly suspect these were abuse cases due to the radiographic findings and clinical recordings demonstrated by these cases.We aim to raise awareness of abuse in radiology and forensic medicine to help these victims and reduce such incidents. 展开更多
关键词 forensic sciences elder abuse rib fractures forensic investigation computed tomography geriatric trauma
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Depression and related factors among public health nurses engaged in cases of child neglect-related abuse 认领 引用
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作者 Ayano Ogata Ayako Ide-Okochi 《International Journal of Nursing Sciences》 CSCD 2025年第5期454-461,I0003,共8页
Objectives:To evaluate the occurrence of depression and its related factors among public health nurses(PHNs)engaged in child neglect-related abuse cases.Methods:A cross-sectional study of PHNs involved in maternal and... Objectives:To evaluate the occurrence of depression and its related factors among public health nurses(PHNs)engaged in child neglect-related abuse cases.Methods:A cross-sectional study of PHNs involved in maternal and child health or child and family welfare,and engaged in cases of child neglect-related abuse was conducted from January to March 2023 in all municipalities of 13 prefectures selected from Japan's seven regions,considering geographic diversity and major urban areas.The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 was used to screen for depression.Statistical analyses included the Chi-square test,Mann-Whitney U test,and logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 359 provided valid responses.Among them,11.4%screened positive for depression.Significant individual factors related depression were management-stage nurses(OR=6.27,95%CI:1.63-24.18),no disability welfare experience(OR=3.49,95%CI:1.05-11.55),being assignment of highrisk cases within the past year(OR=8.28,95%CI:2.07-33.08),and lower work control(OR=0.53,95%CI:0.32-0.86).Workplace environment factors were lower perceptions and relationships within the workplace(OR=0.43,95%CI:0.29-0.65)and perceiving manpower as not secured(OR=9.07,95%CI:1.17-70.40),Conclusions:Mental health measures for PHNs should include workload management and reduced burdens through workforce enhancement,attention to burdens on managerial PHNs,promoting communication and mutual support,and opportunities to engage in disability welfare work. 展开更多
关键词 Child Depression Related factors Neglect-related abuse Mental health Public health nurses
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Metformin abuse and weight loss:A case report 认领 引用
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作者 Bader AlKhateb Ouwais Alkhateb Bisher Daaboul 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 2025年第30期105-111,共7页
Metformin is generally safe but can cause lactic acidosis and rarely organ dysfunction during overdose.Misuse for weight loss,especially in undiagnosed eating disorder,is concerning.In stigmatized settings such condit... Metformin is generally safe but can cause lactic acidosis and rarely organ dysfunction during overdose.Misuse for weight loss,especially in undiagnosed eating disorder,is concerning.In stigmatized settings such conditions may go unrecognized This case illustrated severe complications from chronic metformin abuse in a young female with suspected anorexia nervosa,highlighting the need for integrated medical and psychiatric care.To the best of our knowledge,this is only the second case report of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS)due to metformin toxicity.CASE SUMMARY Here,we reported a rare case of MODS involving four organs due to metformin abuse.A 22-year-old female located in Syria with a history suspicious of anorexia nervosa presented with dehydration,diarrhea,and altered consciousness.Labs revealed mixed high and normal anion gap metabolic acidosis from starvation ketosis and bicarbonate loss.She recovered with supportive care but returned 3 months later in shock with severe acidemia,kidney injury,pancreatitis,and liver dysfunction,consistent with MODS.Further history revealed chronic metformin abuse(up to 3000 mg/day)for weight loss.She recovered fully and began cognitive behavioral therapy.This case underscored the dangers of metformin misuse in eating disorders.CONCLUSION This case highlighted the potentially life-threatening consequences of surreptitious metformin abuse in the context of an underlying eating disorder.Early recognition,thorough history-taking,and multidisciplinary management,including psychiatric support,are essential for recovery and prevention of recurrence. 展开更多
关键词 Metformin Metformin abuse Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome Metformin and weight loss Anorexia nervosa Metformin and eating disorder,Lactic acidosis Case report
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Spiritual Abuse in Certain Christian Religious Groups:Preliminary Reflections 认领 引用
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作者 Hector Scerri 《Cultural and Religious Studies》 2025年第4期155-160,共6页
The article seeks to present spiritual abuse and the untold harm it causes.While cognisant of the fact that this kind of abuse can occur within any faith context,the focus of this study is the possible existence of th... The article seeks to present spiritual abuse and the untold harm it causes.While cognisant of the fact that this kind of abuse can occur within any faith context,the focus of this study is the possible existence of the phenomenon within certain Christian religious groups,such as lay associations and movements,although it can take place within other more formal ecclesial structures such as dioceses,parishes,and institutes of consecrated life,too.The features of spiritual abuse are outlined,together with the urgency concerning an increased awareness about it.The Catholic Church,at a universal level,is in the process of delving more deeply into the phenomenon as it seeks to prepare useful guidelines with the aim of safeguarding the vulnerable who may be potential victims of this kind of abuse.The subtlety of the latter is coupled with the fact that it may be conveniently disguised under the cover of spiritual input,practices and prayer,as well as personal and communal spiritual relationships. 展开更多
关键词 spiritual abuse safeguarding victims perpetrators narcissism
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Parental Alcoholism,Adverse Childhood Experiences,and Later Risk of Personal Alcohol Abuse among Chinese Medical Students 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 QIN XIAO MA-XIA DONG +2 位作者 JIE YAO WEN-XIAN LI AND DONG-QING YE 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS 2008年第5期411-419,共9页
Objective To determine the status of adverse childhood experiences （ACEs） and the association of multiple ACEs with both parental alcoholism and later personal alcohol abuse among Chinese medical students with a vie... Objective To determine the status of adverse childhood experiences （ACEs） and the association of multiple ACEs with both parental alcoholism and later personal alcohol abuse among Chinese medical students with a view of improving adolescent health and reducing alcohol abuse among them. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 2073 Chinese medical students completed a survey on ten categories of ACEs in Anhui province of China. The association of parental alcoholism with ACEs and personal alcohol abuse was assessed by logistic regression analyses. Results The adjusted odds ratio （OR） for each category of ACEs in the subjects whose parents （either fathers or mothers or both） had alcohol abuse was 2 to 14 times higher than that in those with parental alcoholism （P〈0.05）. Subjects with bi-parental alcoholism had the highest likelihood of ACEs. Compared with the subjects without ACEs, therisk of personal alcohol abuse was increased by 2-4-folds in the subjects with ACEs, irrespective of parental alcoholism （P〈0.05）. The total number of ACEs （ACE score） had a graded relationship to 4 categories of personal alcohol abuse with or without parental alcoholism. The prevalence of personal alcohol abuse among the subjects with parental alcoholism was higher, which was independent of ACE scores. Conclusion The prevalence of ACEs is generally serious in China. Efforts should be made to prevent and treat children with ACEs and subsequently to reduce alcohol abuse and later problems. 展开更多
关键词 Alcohol abuse Child abuse Child neglect China Household dysfunction
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Child abuse and psychopathy: Interplay, gender differences and biological correlates 认领 引用
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作者 Ester di Giacomo Mario Santorelli +5 位作者 Rodolfo Pessina Daniele Rucco Valeria Placenti Francesca Aliberti Fabrizia Colmegna Massimo Clerici 《World Journal of Psychiatry》 SCIE 2021年第12期1167-1176,共10页
Child abuse is an important source of mental and physical adverse consequences for victims,their family,and their community.The impact of violence during childhood on the development of the victim is a very sensitive ... Child abuse is an important source of mental and physical adverse consequences for victims,their family,and their community.The impact of violence during childhood on the development of the victim is a very sensitive theme.Other than internalizing symptoms,it is interesting to analyze the possibility that a victim may assume the role of persecutor.With this aim,we evaluate Literature and examine the interplay among different types of child abuse(emotional neglect,emotional abuse,physical neglect,physical abuse and sexual abuse)and the development of psychopathy.We consider the role of post-traumatic stress disorder and that of personal environment as potential mediators between abuse and psychopathy.Furthermore,an in-depth analysis on possible differences due to the victim's gender is performed.Finally,analysis focused on genetic variants,such as the polymorphism of 5HTT and MAO-A,or a biological alteration,like the difference in daily cortisol levels that could be related to the development of psychopathy after a trauma. 展开更多
关键词 Child abuse Sexual abuse Physical abuse Psychopathy Neglect Intergenerational transmission
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3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine(MDMA)Abuse Markedly Inhibits Acetylcholinesterase Activity and Induces Severe Oxidative Damage and Liperoxidative Damage 认领 引用 被引量：13
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作者 JUN-FUZHOU YE-ZHOU +2 位作者 LINAGZHANG HUAI-HONGCHEN DONGCAI 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS 2003年第1期53-61,共9页
Objective To investigate whether 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) abuse produces another neurotoxicity which may significantly inhibit the acetylcholinesterase activity and result in severe oxidative damage an... Objective To investigate whether 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) abuse produces another neurotoxicity which may significantly inhibit the acetylcholinesterase activity and result in severe oxidative damage and liperoxidative damage to MDMA abusers. Methods 120 MDMA abusers (MA) and 120 healthy volunteers (HV) were enrolled in an independent sample control design, in which the levels of lipoperoxide (LPO) in plasma and erythrocytes as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocytes were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Results Compared with the average values of biochemical parameters in the HV group, those of LPO in plasma and erythrocytes in the MA group were significantly increased (P<0.0001), while those of SOD, CAT, GPX and AChE in erythrocytes in the MA group were significantly decreased (P<0.0001). The Pearson product-moment correlation analysis between the values of AChE and biochemical parameters in 120 MDMA abusers showed that significant linear negative correlation was present between the activity of AChE and the levels of LPO in plasma and erythrocytes (P<0.0005-0.0001), while significant linear positive correlation was observed between the activity of AchE and the activities of SOD, CAT and GPX (P<0.0001). The reliability analysis for the above biochemical parameters reflecting oxidative and lipoperoxidative damages in MDMA abusers suggested that the reliability coefficient (alpha) was 0.8124, and that the standardized item alpha was 0.9453. Conclusion The findings in the present study suggest that MDMA abuse can induce another neurotoxicity that significantly inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity and aggravates a series of free radical chain reactions and oxidative stress in the bodies of MDMA abusers, thereby resulting in severe neural, oxidative and lipoperoxidative damages in MDMA abusers. 展开更多
关键词 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine MDMA Drug abuse Acetylcholinesterase Free radicals Lipoperoxide Antioxidase Oxidative stress Oxidative damage Lipoperoxidative damage
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Unique Pharmacology,Brain Dysfunction,and Therapeutic Advancements for Fentanyl Misuse and Abuse 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 Ying Han Lu Cao +3 位作者 Kai Yuan Jie Shi Wei Yan Lin Lu 《Neuroscience Bulletin》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第11期1365-1382,共18页
Fentanyl is a fully synthetic opioid with analgesic and anesthetic properties.It has become a primary driver of the deadliest opioid crisis in the United States and elsewhere,consequently imposing devastating social,e... Fentanyl is a fully synthetic opioid with analgesic and anesthetic properties.It has become a primary driver of the deadliest opioid crisis in the United States and elsewhere,consequently imposing devastating social,economic,and health burdens worldwide.However,the neural mechanisms that underlie the behavioral effects of fentanyl and its analogs are largely unknown,and approaches to prevent fentanyl abuse and fentanyl-related overdose deaths are scarce.This review presents the abuse potential and unique pharmacology of fentanyl and elucidates its potential mechanisms of action,including neural circuit dysfunction and neuroinflammation.We discuss recent progress in the development of pharmacological interventions,anti-fentanyl vaccines,anti-fentanyl/heroin conjugate vaccines,and monoclonal antibodies to attenuate fentanyl-seeking and prevent fentanyl-induced respiratory depression.However,translational studies and clinical trials are still lacking.Considering the present opioid crisis,the development of effective pharmacological and immunological strategies to prevent fentanyl abuse and overdose are urgently needed. 展开更多
关键词 Fentanyl abuse Neural mechanisms Pharmacological interventions Fentanyl vaccines
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Ionic Liquid-salt Aqueous Two-phase System, a Novel System for theExtraction of Abused Drugs 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 She Hong LI Chi Yang HE +2 位作者 Hu Wei LIU Ke An LI Feng LIU 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS 2005年第8期1074-1076,共3页
A 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride-salt aqueous two-phase system was studied on extraction of abused drugs. The effects of sorts of salts, temperature, concentration of salt and drugs on system were investigated s... A 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride-salt aqueous two-phase system was studied on extraction of abused drugs. The effects of sorts of salts, temperature, concentration of salt and drugs on system were investigated systematically. A satisfactory extraction efficiency of 93% was obtained for papaverine while that of morphine was 65%. The extraction mechanism was primarily discussed. 展开更多
关键词 Aqueous two-phase system ionic liquids 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride extraction abused drugs.
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Mass‑Spring‑Damping Theory Based Equivalent Mechanical Model for Cylindrical Lithium‑ion Batteries under Mechanical Abuse 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 Wenwei Wang Yiding Li +1 位作者 Cheng Lin Sheng Yang 《Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第2期161-174,共14页
An equivalent mechanical model with the equivalent physical meaning of mass-spring-damping is proposed for cylindrical lithium-ion batteries through experiments and theory.The equivalent mechanical model of a cylindri... An equivalent mechanical model with the equivalent physical meaning of mass-spring-damping is proposed for cylindrical lithium-ion batteries through experiments and theory.The equivalent mechanical model of a cylindrical lithium-ion battery consists of a spring-damping parallel unit.Therefore,a spring-damping parallel unit connecting a damping unit in series is selected to construct the constitutive characteristics of the battery under mechanical abuse.Comparison results show that the equivalent mechanical model can more effectively describe the mechanical properties of the batteries than most cubic fitting models,of which the average relative error of the equivalent mechanical model under different states-of-charge is less than 6.75%.Combined with the proposed equivalent mechanical model,the failure process of the batteries was simulated and analyzed using LS-Dyna and HyperWorks.Under rigid rod tests,failure occurred at the core and bottom of the batteries;under hemispherical punch tests,failure occurred at the core and top,consistent with the experimental results.The average prediction error for the failure displacement under different abuse conditions is less than 4%in the simulations.The equivalent mechanical model requires only a few parameters and can be recognized easily.In the future,the model can be used in safety warning devices based on mechanical penetration. 展开更多
关键词 Cylindrical lithium-ion battery Mass-spring-damping theory Equivalent mechanical model Mechanical abuse condition Failure analysis
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Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and its related risk factors in drug abuser prisoners in Hamedan-Iran 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Amir Houshang Mohammad Alizadeh Seyed Moayed Alavian +1 位作者 Khalil Jafari Nastaran Yazdi 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2005年第26期4085-4089,共5页
AIM:Recent studies in Iran has shown that prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among Iranian prisoners is high, in spite of low HCV seroprevalence in general population. METHODS: This study was carried out ... AIM:Recent studies in Iran has shown that prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among Iranian prisoners is high, in spite of low HCV seroprevalence in general population. METHODS: This study was carried out in the central prison of Hamedan - Iran, in year 2002. Inmates were interviewed using a standard questionnaire including demographic, imprisonment history and HCV-related risk behaviors items. Thereafter, the sera drawn from the participants were tested for anti-HIV and anti-HCV antibodies. RESULTS: A total number of 427 drug abuser inmates participated in our study. Three hundred and ninety-seven (93%) were men and 30 (7%) were women. Total number of IV drug abusers (IDA) and non-IV drug abusers (NIDA) was 149 (34.9%) and 278 (65.1%), respectively. The overall rate of antibody positivity among inmates was 0.9% for HIV and 30% for HCV. Of all IDAs, 31.5% and of NIDAs, 29.1% had serological evidence of HCV infection. CONCLUSION: The seroprevalence of HCV infection among drug abuser prisoners in comparison with the general population in Iran, is very high (30% vs in italics 0.2%). Our results indicate the importance of policies to prevent transmission of HCV infection during and following incarceration. 展开更多
关键词 Hepatitis C virus Prisoners Drug abusers Iran
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Altered functional connectivity of prefrontal cortex in chronic heroin abusers 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Yinbao Qi Xianming Fu +2 位作者 Ruobing Qian Chaoshi Niu Xiangpin Wei 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第28期2193-2197,共5页
In this study,we investigated alterations in the resting-state functional connectivity of the prefrontal cortex in chronic heroin abusers using functional magnetic resonance imaging.We found that,compared with normal ... In this study,we investigated alterations in the resting-state functional connectivity of the prefrontal cortex in chronic heroin abusers using functional magnetic resonance imaging.We found that,compared with normal controls,in heroin abusers the left prefrontal cortex showed decreased functional connectivity with the left hippocampus,right anterior cingulate,left middle frontal gyrus,right middle frontal gyrus and right precuneus.However,the right prefrontal cortex showed decreased functional connectivity with the left orbital frontal cortex and the left middle frontal gyrus in chronic heroin abusers.These alterations of resting-state functional connectivity in the prefrontal cortices of heroin abusers suggest that their frontal executive neural network may be impaired,and that this may contribute to their continued heroin abuse and relapse after withdrawal. 展开更多
关键词 heroin abuse resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging prefrontal cortex functional connectivity cognitive control
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Toxic keratopathy associated with abuse of topical anesthetics and amniotic membrane transplantation for treatment 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Ozlem Yalcin Tok Levent Tok +3 位作者 Inci Meltem Atay Tugba Cakmak Argun Nazire Demirci Alime Gunes 《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 SCIE CAS 2015年第5期938-944,共7页
AIMTo evaluate the clinical findings of toxic keratopathy associated with abuse of topical anesthetics and the treatment efficacy of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT).METHODSFifteen eyes of 10 patients with abus... AIMTo evaluate the clinical findings of toxic keratopathy associated with abuse of topical anesthetics and the treatment efficacy of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT).METHODSFifteen eyes of 10 patients with abuse of topical anesthetics were included in this study. The data collected included patients' demographic information, initial best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), clinical findings, time to AMT, duration of epithelization, additional treatments, posttreatment BCVA, and the results of psychiatric examination.RESULTSAll patients were male, with the mean age of 37.9&#x000b1;5.4y. The patients had received 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride due to pain resulting from foreign bodies, such as welding flash burns and car battery explosions, for a mean of 18.2&#x000b1;12.4d. The mean initial BCVA of the patients was 0.069&#x000b1;0.100. All patients had persistent epithelial defects, stromal infiltration, ring ulcer, and corneal edema. Initially, medical treatment was attempted in all cases. Because of severe pain, persistent epithelial defects and progressing stromal thinning did not improve with medical treatment, thus, the patients underwent AMT. The mean posttreatment BCVA of the patients was 0.33&#x000b1;0.27. All of them, except for two patients, showed improved visual acuity. One patient underwent evisceration for corneal melting and endophthalmitis in another center, and one patient underwent evisceration for severe pain of unknown origin. All 5 patients who consented to a psychiatric examination had depression, had personality disorder, and used tobacco.CONCLUSIONAMT appears to be an effective method for pain relief, rapid epithelial and stromal healing; however, visual prognosis is still poor despite medical and surgical interventions. 展开更多
关键词 amniotic membrane transplantation ring stromal infiltration topical anesthetic abuse toxic keratopathy
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Intravenous drug abuse and tricuspid valve endocarditis: Growing trends in the Middle East Gulf region 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Prashanth Panduranga Seif Al-Abri Jawad Al-Lawati 《World Journal of Cardiology》 2013年第11期397-403,共7页
Traditionally, tricuspid valve endocarditis is uncommon in the Middle East region. However, recent global data indicate growing trends in the use of illicit drug abuse, specifically injectable heroin, in the Middle Ea... Traditionally, tricuspid valve endocarditis is uncommon in the Middle East region. However, recent global data indicate growing trends in the use of illicit drug abuse, specifically injectable heroin, in the Middle East Gulf region. The presence of many transit port services in the Middle East Gulf States has led to smuggling of substance abuse drugs in the region. The Middle East Gulf States, currently a transit market, are also becoming a growing consumer market in view of the increased substance abuse in the youth. However, there is a paucity of data with respect to the prevalence or incidence of tricuspid valve endocarditis in the region, probably due to underdiagnosis or underreporting. A high index of suspicion of tricuspid valve endocarditis is essential in patients with a history of intravenous drug abuse. This article reviews the epidemiology of illicit drug abuse in the Middle East Gulf region, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of tricuspid valve endocarditis, and calls for all physicians in the region to be vigilant while dealing with intravenous drug abuse. 展开更多
关键词 Drug abuser Illicit drugs Infective endocarditis Tricuspid valve Middle East
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Substances of abuse consumption among patients seeking medical help for uro-andrological purposes:a sociobehavioral survey in the real-life scenario 认领 引用
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作者 Federico Belladelli Luca Boeri +9 位作者 Paolo Capogrosso Walter Cazzaniga Eugenio Ventimiglia Luigi Candela Edoardo Pozzi Andrea Baudo Massimo Alfano Costantino Abbate Francesco Montorsi Andrea Salonia 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第5期456-461,共6页
Substances of abuse(SoA),as well as smoking and alcohol consumption,are well known for their impact on male fertility status,erectile function,and ejaculation.We assessed SoA consumption habits in a cohort of men seek... Substances of abuse(SoA),as well as smoking and alcohol consumption,are well known for their impact on male fertility status,erectile function,and ejaculation.We assessed SoA consumption habits in a cohort of men seeking medical attention for uro-andrological purposes.Data from 7447 men seeking medical attention for the first time for uro-andrological purposes were analyzed.A complete medical and sexual history was collected for each patient.Smoking,alcohol,and SoA consumption were investigated.Descriptive statistics was used to describe the whole cohort.The primary motivations for their evaluation were lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS),erectile dysfunction(ED),and infertility in 1912(25.7%),2944(39.5%),and 2591(34.8%)men,respectively.Previous use of SoA was reported by 378(5.1%)men,and 190(2.6%)individuals were current users.Patients seeking medical attention for infertility were more frequently current SoA users(107;4.1%)than men with ED(66;2.2%)and LUTS(17;0.9%)(both P<0.001).Current users of SoA were younger than those with past or no SoA history(P<0.001).Current SoA users were more frequently smokers(P<0.001)and alcohol consumers(P<0.001)than those with a previous history or those who had never tried SoA.In conclusion,approximately 3%of men seeking medical attention for uro-andrological purposes were current SoA consumers.Infertile men reported a higher use of SoA than those with ED or LUTS.Current SoA users were younger and more frequently concomitant smokers and alcohol consumers compared to those who did or had never used SoA. 展开更多
关键词 cannabis cocaine erectile dysfunction male infertility risk factors substances of abuse
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Comparison of different approaches for direct coupling of solid-phase microextraction to mass spectrometry for drugs of abuse analysis in plasma 认领 引用
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作者 Wei Zhou Martyna N.Wieczorek +1 位作者 Runshan Will Jiang Janusz Pawliszyn 《Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第2期216-222,共7页
The direct coupling of solid-phase microextraction(SPME)to mass spectrometry(MS)(SPME-MS)has proven to be an effective method for the fast screening and quantitative analysis of compounds in complex matrices such as b... The direct coupling of solid-phase microextraction(SPME)to mass spectrometry(MS)(SPME-MS)has proven to be an effective method for the fast screening and quantitative analysis of compounds in complex matrices such as blood and plasma.In recent years,our lab has developed three novel SPME-MS techniques:SPME-microfluidic open interface-MS(SPME-MOI-MS),coated blade spray-MS(CBS-MS),and SPME-probe electrospray ionization-MS(SPME-PESI-MS).The fast and high-throughput nature of these SPME-MS technologies makes them attractive options for point-of-care analysis and anti-doping testing.However,all these three techniques utilize different SPME geometries and were tested with different MS instruments.Lack of comparative data makes it difficult to determine which of these methodologies is the best option for any given application.This work fills this gap by making a comprehensive comparison of these three technologies with different SPME devices including SPME fibers,CBS blades,and SPME-PESI probes and SPME-liquid chromatography-MS(SPME-LC-MS)for the analysis of drugs of abuse using the same MS instrument.Furthermore,for the first time,we developed different desorption chambers for MOI-MS for coupling with SPME fibers,CBS blades,and SPME-PESI probes,thus illustrating the universality of this approach.In total,eight analytical methods were developed,with the experimental data showing that all the SPME-based methods provided good analytical performance with R2of linearities larger than 0.9925,accuracies between 81%and 118%,and good precision with an RSD%≤13%. 展开更多
关键词 Solid-phase microextraction Mass spectrometry Microfluidic open interface Coated blade spray Probe electrospray ionization Drug of abuse
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Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Drugs of Abuse 认领 引用
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作者 Ma, C Duan, HJ +1 位作者 Xu, YQ Zhou, TH 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS 1996年第11期1027-1028,共2页
A high-performance liquid chromatographic method using uv detection for thedetermination of 10 drugs of abuse is described. The method is sample and sensitive. The linear rangesare 20￣100ng/ml with relative standard ... A high-performance liquid chromatographic method using uv detection for thedetermination of 10 drugs of abuse is described. The method is sample and sensitive. The linear rangesare 20￣100ng/ml with relative standard deviations of 0.7 ￣ 2.6% (n=7) and detection limits of 5￣ 10ng/ml. 展开更多
关键词 Determination Drugs Abuse Chromatographic
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