Nekemias megalophylla is a popular folk tea consumed by people in the Western Hubei(China)of which ampelopsin(AMP)is the main active ingredient.In this study,we investigated the effect of AMP on cervical cancer and ex...Nekemias megalophylla is a popular folk tea consumed by people in the Western Hubei(China)of which ampelopsin(AMP)is the main active ingredient.In this study,we investigated the effect of AMP on cervical cancer and explored its mechanism of action,focusing on apoptosis and autophagy.Firstly,we verified that AMP strongly inhibited the growth of C-33A cells and observed apoptosis and autophagy phenomenon in vivo,and found that AMP induces C-33A cell apoptosis via death receptor or mitochondrial pathways.The results also indicated that AMP-induced autophagy occurs via the PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway.Secondly,when autophagy was inhibited,the AMP-induced apoptosis of C-33A cells was strengthened,when apoptosis was inhibited,the AMP-induced autophagy of C-33A cells was strengthened.PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway activation enhances AMP-induced apoptosis in C-33A cells,while its inhibition strengthens AMP-induced autophagy.Finally,we confirmed that AMP inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis and autophagy of C-33A cells in an in vivo nude mouse model of C-33A tumor xenografts.These results elucidate that AMP bidirectionally regulates apoptosis and autophagy in human cervical cancer C-33A cells by mediating the PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway.展开更多
Spectrum sensing is an indispensable core part of cognitive radio dynamic spectrum access(DSA)and a key approach to alleviating spectrum scarcity in the Internet of Things(IoT).The key issue in practical IoT networks ...Spectrum sensing is an indispensable core part of cognitive radio dynamic spectrum access(DSA)and a key approach to alleviating spectrum scarcity in the Internet of Things(IoT).The key issue in practical IoT networks is robust sensing under the coexistence of low signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs)and non-Gaussian impulsive noise,where observations may be distorted differently across feature modalities,making conventional fusion unstable and degrading detection reliability.To address this challenge,the generalized Gaussian distribution(GGD)is adopted as the noise model,and a multimodal fusion framework termed BCAM-Net(bidirectional cross-attention multimodal network)is proposed.BCAM-Net adopts a parallel dual-branch architecture:a time-frequency branch that leverages the continuous wavelet transform(CWT)to extract time-frequency representations,and a temporal branch that learns long-range dependencies from raw signals.BCAM-Net utilizes a bidirectional cross-attention mechanism to achieve deep alignment and mutual calibration of temporal and time-frequency features,generating a fused representation that is highly robust to complex noise.Simulation results show that,under GGD noise with shape parameterβ=0.5,BCAM-Net achieves high detection probabilities in the low-SNR regime and outperforms representative baselines.At a false alarm probability Pf=0.1 and SNR of−14 dB,it attains a detection probability of 0.9020,exceeding the CNN-Transformer,WT-ResNet,TFCFN,and conventional CNN benchmarks by 5.75%,6.98%,33.3%,and 21.1%,respectively.These results indicate that BCAM-Net can effectively improve spectrum sensing performance in low-SNR impulsive-noise scenarios,and provides a lightweight,high-performance solution for practical cognitive radio spectrum sensing.展开更多
To address the operational challenges of power systems with high renewable penetration,this research targets the non-stationarity and stochasticity of wind power.A novel hybrid framework for probabilistic forecasting ...To address the operational challenges of power systems with high renewable penetration,this research targets the non-stationarity and stochasticity of wind power.A novel hybrid framework for probabilistic forecasting and risk assessment is proposed.Initially,Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD)adaptively decomposes the raw power signal into multi-scale Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMFs)and a residual trend,effectively segregating temporal features and reducing complexity.These components are then fused with historical data to form a comprehensive input.The core predictor is a Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit(BiGRU)network enhanced with a Temporal Attention(TA)mechanism.The BiGRU captures bidirectional long-term dependencies,while the TA mechanism dynamically focuses on the most influential historical time steps,enabling precise temporal pattern extraction.To quantify uncertainty,a Bayesian Neural Networks(BNNs)layer is integrated,transforming deterministic point forecasts into probabilistic outputs with prediction intervals.Finally,leveraging these probabilistic forecasts,the Value at Risk(VaR)metric is applied to assess potential operational risks under specified confidence levels,translating uncertainty into quantifiable reliability or financial risk.Simulation results confirm the framework's superiority,achieving a normalized Root Mean Square Error(nRMSE)of 15.73%and a normalized Mean Absolute Error(nMAE)of 10.94%,significantly outperforming benchmarks.The innovative integration of signal processing,attentive deep learning,Bayesian inference,and risk theory within a unified model enhances forecasting accuracy,quantifies uncertainty,and enables proactive risk assessment,providing robust decision support for grid dispatch and renewable integration.展开更多
Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered significant attention in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries for their potential to mitigate the severe polysulfide shuttle effect and sluggish redox kinetics.However,the development...Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered significant attention in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries for their potential to mitigate the severe polysulfide shuttle effect and sluggish redox kinetics.However,the development of highly efficient SACs and a comprehensive understanding of their structure-activity relationships remain enormously challenging.Herein,a novel kind of Fe-based SAC featuring an asymmetric FeN5-TeN4 coordination structure was precisely designed by introducing Te atom adjacent to the Fe active center to enhance the catalytic activity.Theoretical calculations reveal that the neighboring Te atom modulates the local coordination environment of the central Fe site,elevating the d-band center closer to the Fermi level and strengthening the d-p orbital hybridization between the catalyst and sulfur species,thereby immobilizing polysulfides and improving the bidirectional catalysis of Li-S redox.Consequently,the Fe-Te atom pair catalyst endows Li-S batteries with exceptional rate performance,achieving a high specific capacity of 735 mAh g−1 at 5 C,and remarkable cycling stability with a low decay rate of 0.038%per cycle over 1000 cycles at 1 C.This work provides fundamental insights into the electronic structure modulation of SACs and establishes a clear correlation between precisely engineered atomic configurations and their enhanced catalytic performance in Li-S electrochemistry.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-organic batteries(AzOBs)are promising for grid-scale energy storage but suffer from interfacial instability at both electrodes.Most existing studies focus on stabilizing a single electrode,overlooking the...Aqueous zinc-organic batteries(AzOBs)are promising for grid-scale energy storage but suffer from interfacial instability at both electrodes.Most existing studies focus on stabilizing a single electrode,overlooking the crucial interplay between the anode and cathode.Herein,we propose a bidirectional interface engineering strategy enabled by a multifunctional ionic liquid additive,1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride(BDMIMCl),which simultaneously stabilizes the zinc anode and polyaniline(PANI)cathode.Mechanistic studies reveal that BDMIMCl enables the formation of a protective layer on the Zn anode.This layer is subsequently converted in situ into a hybrid solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)during cycling,which effectively shields the anode.Moreover,BDMIMCl restructures the Zn2+solvation shell to minimize water-induced side reactions and establishes a Cl--involved multi-ion storage mechanism in the PANI cathode.As a result,Zn||Zn cells exhibit exceptional cycling stability over 2400 h at 1 mA cm-2and 1 mA h cm-2,and Zn||PANI cells retain 84.3%capacity after 2000 cycles at 2 A g-1.This work provides novel insights into bidirectional interface engineering,paving the way for the development of ultrastable and high-performance AzOBs.展开更多
Bidirectional functionally graded(BDFG)beams are a promising solution for spacecraft structures subjected to extreme thermal and vibrational environments due to their superior thermal performance and design flexibilit...Bidirectional functionally graded(BDFG)beams are a promising solution for spacecraft structures subjected to extreme thermal and vibrational environments due to their superior thermal performance and design flexibility.Therefore,developing an efficient and highly convergent thermal vibration analysis method for BDFG beams under complex temperature fields is of paramount importance.This paper proposes a Chebyshev spectral method based on Reddy’s higher-order shear deformation theory(HSDT)to investigate the thermoelastic vibrations of BDFG beams.The material properties are temperature-dependent and vary with both thickness and length.The proposed method is validated by comparing the results with those in the existing literature.The analysis reveals that the critical buckling temperature rise is primarily influenced by the ceramic content,but thermal buckling can be mitigated by adjusting the material distribution.A trade-off exists between suppressing thermal buckling and relaxing thermal stresses,necessitating a balanced approach.The titanium alloy BDFG beam offers a broader design envelope compared to the metal-ceramic BDFG beam.The method presented in this study will provide theoretical support and guidance for the design of BDFG beams.展开更多
Recognizing human interactions in RGB videos is a critical task in computer vision,with applications in video surveillance.Existing deep learning-based architectures have achieved strong results,but are computationall...Recognizing human interactions in RGB videos is a critical task in computer vision,with applications in video surveillance.Existing deep learning-based architectures have achieved strong results,but are computationally intensive,sensitive to video resolution changes and often fail in crowded scenes.We propose a novel hybrid system that is computationally efficient,robust to degraded video quality and able to filter out irrelevant individuals,making it suitable for real-life use.The system leverages multi-modal handcrafted features for interaction representation and a deep learning classifier for capturing complex dependencies.Using Mask R-CNN and YOLO11-Pose,we extract grayscale silhouettes and keypoint coordinates of interacting individuals,while filtering out irrelevant individuals using a proposed algorithm.From these,we extract silhouette-based features(local ternary pattern and histogram of optical flow)and keypoint-based features(distances,angles and velocities)that capture distinct spatial and temporal information.A Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory network(BiLSTM)then classifies the interactions.Extensive experiments on the UT Interaction,SBU Kinect Interaction and the ISR-UOL 3D social activity datasets demonstrate that our system achieves competitive accuracy.They also validate the effectiveness of the chosen features and classifier,along with the proposed system’s computational efficiency and robustness to occlusion.展开更多
Pipelines are extensively used in environments such as nuclear power plants,chemical factories,and medical devices to transport gases and liquids.These tubular environments often feature complex geometries,confined sp...Pipelines are extensively used in environments such as nuclear power plants,chemical factories,and medical devices to transport gases and liquids.These tubular environments often feature complex geometries,confined spaces,and millimeter-scale height restrictions,presenting significant challenges to conventional inspection methods.Here,we present an ultrasonic microrobot(weight,80 mg;dimensions,24 mm×7 mm;thickness,210μm)to realize agile and bidirectional navigation in narrow pipelines.The ultrathin structural design of the robot is achieved through a high-performance piezoelectric composite film microstructure based on MEMS technology.The robot exhibits various vibration modes when driven by ultrasonic frequency signals,its motion speed reaches81 cm s-1 at 54.8 k Hz,exceeding that of the fastest piezoelectric microrobots,and its forward and backward motion direction is controllable through frequency modulation,while the minimum driving voltage for initial movement can be as low as 3 VP-P.Additionally,the robot can effortlessly climb slopes up to 24.25°and carry loads more than 36 times its weight.The robot is capable of agile navigation through curved L-shaped pipes,pipes made of various materials(acrylic,stainless steel,and polyvinyl chloride),and even over water.To further demonstrate its inspection capabilities,a micro-endoscope camera is integrated into the robot,enabling real-time image capture inside glass pipes.展开更多
Achieving highly linear and sensitive strain sensing under both tensile and compressive deformation remains a critical challenge in wearable electronics,as it demands a conductive network capable of reversible reconfi...Achieving highly linear and sensitive strain sensing under both tensile and compressive deformation remains a critical challenge in wearable electronics,as it demands a conductive network capable of reversible reconfiguration without compromising structural uniformity.This challenge is further intensified in hierarchical carbon nanostructures,where catalyst deactivation and unregulated carbon supply frequently lead to nonuniform nanocarbon growth and severely heterogeneous conductive pathways.Herein,we report a hierarchical carbon aerogel derived from plastics.Carbon nanofibers(CNFs)are in situ grown on elastic carbonized cotton fibers via plastic pyrolysis,enabled by Ni-S-modified catalytic interface and sustained carbon flux from plastic decomposition.The coupled regulation suppresses uneven nanocarbon deposition,yielding an elastic fibrous backbone densely interconnected by CNFs.The resulting network facilitates reversible reconstruction of conductive contacts under tension and compression,delivering a nearly linear electromechanical response over a broad bidirectional strain window with linear gauge factors of 7.8 at 82%tension and 1.7 at 28%compression,while maintaining stable sensitivity over 5000 cycles within a±20%strain window.Overall,this work achieves a wide bidirectional strain range,high sensitivity,and long-term stability,rarely combined in carbon-based strain sensors.Moreover,it reliably resolves strain direction and magnitude,enables sensitive adhesion sensing and joint-motion monitoring,highlighting its potential for next-generation human-machine interfaces.展开更多
Large language models(LLMs)are changing the way software is developed and taught.At the same time,LLMs fundamentally rely on core compiler concepts and technical foundations.This paper explores the bidirectional impac...Large language models(LLMs)are changing the way software is developed and taught.At the same time,LLMs fundamentally rely on core compiler concepts and technical foundations.This paper explores the bidirectional impact between compiler systems and LLMsÐfrom how LLMs are reshaping compiler design and usage to how compiler principles and techniques are essential for understanding,building,and teaching LLM-based systems.We further examine their implications for software engineering education and propose preliminary thoughts on integrating LLMs in future compiler courses.By bridging traditional compiler foundations with emerging AI paradigms,we advocate for reestablishing the central role of compiler education in training the next generation of intelligent system developers.展开更多
Under the“Smart+”education initiative,the traditional Introduction to Civil Engineering course faces challenges such as abstract knowledge delivery and disconnection from practical applications.Guided by the core co...Under the“Smart+”education initiative,the traditional Introduction to Civil Engineering course faces challenges such as abstract knowledge delivery and disconnection from practical applications.Guided by the core concept of“bidirectional integration,”this research systematically develops a novel teaching model that deeply incorporates generative artificial intelligence(AI)with project-based learning(PBL).This model not only employs generative AI as an intelligent tool to empower the entire PBL process but also uses authentic PBL project tasks to drive students’high-order and critical use of AI,aiming to simultaneously enhance students’engineering cognition and AI literacy.Teaching practice demonstrates that this model effectively stimulates students’learning interest and improves their comprehensive ability to solve complex engineering problems,providing an actionable pathway and reference for the intelligent teaching reform of similar courses.展开更多
Objective:To explore the intervention effect of the bidirectional quality feedback nursing model on the quality of life and self-management ability of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:...Objective:To explore the intervention effect of the bidirectional quality feedback nursing model on the quality of life and self-management ability of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:A total of 60 COPD cases in the stable phase of the disease admitted to our hospital from January to December 2024 were included.Using a random number table method,they were divided into a control group and an observation group,with 30 cases in each group.The control group received the standard nursing protocol,while the observation group underwent a three-month bidirectional quality feedback nursing intervention in addition to the standard protocol.The quality of life and self-management ability scores of the two groups were compared before and after the intervention.Results:After the intervention,compared with the control group,the observation group showed lower scores in all dimensions of the St.George’s Respiratory Questionnaire(SGRQ)and higher scores in all domains and the total score of the Self-Care of Chronic Illness Inventory-Modified for COPD(SCMMS)(p<0.05).Conclusion:The bidirectional quality feedback nursing intervention can significantly improve the self-care level and quality of life of patients with COPD,demonstrating clinical application value.展开更多
In addition to its recognized role in providing structural support, bone plays a crucial role in maintaining the functionality and balance of various organs by secreting specific cytokines(also known as osteokines). T...In addition to its recognized role in providing structural support, bone plays a crucial role in maintaining the functionality and balance of various organs by secreting specific cytokines(also known as osteokines). This reciprocal influence extends to these organs modulating bone homeostasis and development, although this aspect has yet to be systematically reviewed. This review aims to elucidate this bidirectional crosstalk, with a particular focus on the role of osteokines. Additionally, it presents a unique compilation of evidence highlighting the critical function of extracellular vesicles(EVs) within bone-organ axes for the first time. Moreover, it explores the implications of this crosstalk for designing and implementing bone-on-chips and assembloids, underscoring the importance of comprehending these interactions for advancing physiologically relevant in vitro models. Consequently, this review establishes a robust theoretical foundation for preventing, diagnosing, and treating diseases related to the bone-organ axis from the perspective of cytokines, EVs, hormones, and metabolites.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have gained great attention due to the high theoretical energy density and low cost,yet their further commercialization has been obstructed by the notorious shuttle effect and sluggish ...Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have gained great attention due to the high theoretical energy density and low cost,yet their further commercialization has been obstructed by the notorious shuttle effect and sluggish redox dynamics.Herein,we supply a strategy to optimize the electron structure of Ni2P by concurrently introducing B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni2P (Vp-B-Ni2P),thereby enhancing the bidirectional sulfur conversion.The study indicates that the simultaneous introduction of B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni2P causes the redistribution of electron around Ni atoms,bringing about the upward shift of d-band center of Ni atoms and effective d-p orbital hybridization between Ni atoms and sulfur species,thus strengthening the chemical anchoring for lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) as well as expediting the bidirectional conversion kinetics of sulfur species.Meanwhile,theoretical calculations reveal that the incorporation of B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni2P selectively promotes Li2S dissolution and nucleation processes.Thus,the Li-S batteries with Vp-B-Ni2P-separators present outstanding rate ability of 777 m A h g-1at 5 C and high areal capacity of 8.03 mA h cm-2under E/S of 5μL mg-1and sulfur loading of 7.20 mg cm-2.This work elucidates that introducing heteroatom and vacancy in metal phosphide collaboratively regulates the electron structure to accelerate bidirectional sulfur conversion.展开更多
The increasingly severe state of coal burst disaster has emerged as a critical factor constraining coal mine safety production,and it has become a challenging task to enhance the accuracy of coal burst disaster predic...The increasingly severe state of coal burst disaster has emerged as a critical factor constraining coal mine safety production,and it has become a challenging task to enhance the accuracy of coal burst disaster prediction.To address the issue of insufficient exploration of the spatio-temporal characteristic of microseismic data and the challenging selection of the optimal time window size in spatio-temporal prediction,this paper integrates deep learning methods and theory to propose a novel coal burst spatio-temporal prediction method based on Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM)network.The method involves three main modules,including microseismic spatio-temporal characteristic indicators construction,temporal prediction model,and spatial prediction model.To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method,engineering application tests are conducted at a high-risk working face in the Ordos mining area of Inner Mongolia,focusing on 13 high-energy microseismic events with energy levels greater than 105 J.In terms of temporal prediction,the analysis indicates that the temporal prediction results consist of 10 strong predictions and 3 medium predictions,and there is no false alarm detected throughout the entire testing period.Moreover,compared to the traditional threshold-based coal burst temporal prediction method,the accuracy of the proposed method is increased by 38.5%.In terms of spatial prediction,the distribution of spatial prediction results for high-energy events comprises 6 strong hazard predictions,3 medium hazard predictions,and 4 weak hazard predictions.展开更多
The complex nonlinear characteristics of pneumatic soft actuators,such as asymmetric hysteresis,rate-dependence,and mechanical load-dependence,pose a challenge in accurately modeling their dynamics.To address this cha...The complex nonlinear characteristics of pneumatic soft actuators,such as asymmetric hysteresis,rate-dependence,and mechanical load-dependence,pose a challenge in accurately modeling their dynamics.To address this challenge,this paper proposes a comprehensive dynamic model aimed at describing bidirectional asymmetric hysteresis,rate-dependent,and mechanical load-dependent characteristics of a vertical pneumatic bellows actuator(PBA)system.The dynamic model contains a hysteresis submodel and a load-dependent dynamic submodel.The hysteresis submodel consists of several sets of weighted double-side play(DSP)and weighted dead-zone(DZ)operators connected in series,and it is used to model the bidirectional asymmetric hysteresis of the system.The load-dependent dynamic submodel is built based on the gated recurrent unit(GRU)neural network,and it is used to fit the nonlinear relationship between the displacement of the system and the frequency of the input air pressure as well as the mechanical load.The model parameters of the hysteresis submodel and the loaddependent dynamic submodel are determined by intelligent optimization method and neural network training method,reseparately.The fitness value(FV)between the output of the dynamic model and the experimental data is calculated to be 96.1736%,demonstrating that the parameters of the dynamic model are valid.We conduct six set of experiments to compare the model output with the experimental data,and calculate the root-meansquare errors and the maximum error,respectively.The experimental results show that,the root-mean-square error remains consistently below 2.7700%,while the maximum error remains below 8.4000%across all experiments,thereby substantiating the validity and generality of the proposed model.展开更多
Over the past few years,Malware attacks have become more and more widespread,posing threats to digital assets throughout the world.Although numerous methods have been developed to detect malicious attacks,these malwar...Over the past few years,Malware attacks have become more and more widespread,posing threats to digital assets throughout the world.Although numerous methods have been developed to detect malicious attacks,these malware detection techniques need to be more efficient in detecting new and progressively sophisticated variants of malware.Therefore,the development of more advanced and accurate techniques is necessary for malware detection.This paper introduces a comprehensive Dual-Channel Attention Deep Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(DCADBiLSTM)model for malware detection and riskmitigation.The Dual Channel Attention(DCA)mechanism improves themodel’s capability to concentrate on the features that aremost appropriate in the input data,which reduces the false favourable rates.The Bidirectional Long,Short-Term Memory framework helps capture crucial interdependence from past and future circumstances,which is essential for enhancing the model’s understanding of malware behaviour.As soon as malware is detected,the risk mitigation phase is implemented,which evaluates the severity of each threat and helps mitigate threats earlier.The outcomes of the method demonstrate better accuracy of 98.96%,which outperforms traditional models.It indicates the method detects and mitigates several kinds of malware threats,thereby providing a proactive defence mechanism against the emerging challenges in cybersecurity.展开更多
Modulating the electronic structure has emerged as an effective strategy for optimizing the adsorption and catalytic capabilities of electrocatalysts in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.However,the regulation of electron...Modulating the electronic structure has emerged as an effective strategy for optimizing the adsorption and catalytic capabilities of electrocatalysts in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.However,the regulation of electronic structure involving spin-related charge transfer and orbital interactions has been largely underexplored in sulfur electrocatalysts.Herein,selenium-deficient bimetallic selenides embedded in a coaxial carbon layer(CoSe2-x/ZnSe)were meticulously fabricated as electrocatalysts,aiming to modulate the electron spin state of Co catalytic sites to enhance the bidirectional lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)conversion kinetics and suppress the LiPSs shuttling effect.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations and experimental results indicate that the selenium vacancies at the CoSe2-x/ZnSe heterointerfaces weaken the ligand fields and drive the Co 3d orbital electronic structure transition from low-spin to high-spin states.Such tailored spin state configuration generates more unpaired electrons and upshifts the dband center,thus accelerating the charge transfer and strengthening the orbital interactions between LiPSs and Co catalytic sites.As a consequence,the assembled Li-S batteries with CoSe2-x/ZnSe electrocatalysts exhibit an ultralow average decay rate of 0.028%per cycle at 1 C over 1000 cycles.This work presents a novel strategy for manipulating ligand fields to realize electron spin state modulation in sulfur electrocatalysts.展开更多
Intent detection and slot filling are two important components of natural language understanding.Because their relevance,joint training is often performed to improve performance.Existing studies mostly use a joint mod...Intent detection and slot filling are two important components of natural language understanding.Because their relevance,joint training is often performed to improve performance.Existing studies mostly use a joint model of multi-intent detection and slot-filling with unidirectional interaction,which improves the overall performance of the model by fusing the intent information in the slot-filling part.On this basis,in order to further improve the overall performance of the model by exploiting the correlation between the two,this paper proposes a joint multi-intent detection and slot-filling model based on a bidirectional interaction structure,which fuses the intent encoding information in the encoding part of slot filling and fuses the slot decoding information in the decoding part of intent detection.Experimental results on two public multi-intent joint training datasets,MixATIS and MixSNIPS,show that the bidirectional interaction structure proposed in this paper can effectively improve the performance of the joint model.In addition,in order to verify the generalization of the bidirectional interaction structure between intent and slot,a joint model for single-intent scenarios is proposed on the basis of the model in this paper.This model also achieves excellent performance on two public single-intent joint training datasets,CAIS and SNIPS.展开更多
Pedestrian trajectory prediction is pivotal and challenging in applications such as autonomous driving,social robotics,and intelligent surveillance systems.Pedestrian trajectory is governed not only by individual inte...Pedestrian trajectory prediction is pivotal and challenging in applications such as autonomous driving,social robotics,and intelligent surveillance systems.Pedestrian trajectory is governed not only by individual intent but also by interactions with surrounding agents.These interactions are critical to trajectory prediction accuracy.While prior studies have employed Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs)and Graph Convolutional Networks(GCNs)to model such interactions,these methods fail to distinguish varying influence levels among neighboring pedestrians.To address this,we propose a novel model based on a bidirectional graph attention network and spatio-temporal graphs to capture dynamic interactions.Specifically,we construct temporal and spatial graphs encoding the sequential evolution and spatial proximity among pedestrians.These features are then fused and processed by the Bidirectional Graph Attention Network(Bi-GAT),which models the bidirectional interactions between the target pedestrian and its neighbors.The model computes node attention weights(i.e.,similarity scores)to differentially aggregate neighbor information,enabling fine-grained interaction representations.Extensive experiments conducted on two widely used pedestrian trajectory prediction benchmark datasets demonstrate that our approach outperforms existing state-of-theartmethods regarding Average Displacement Error(ADE)and Final Displacement Error(FDE),highlighting its strong prediction accuracy and generalization capability.展开更多
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Project of Hubei Province(2020ACA007)the Scientific and Technological Bureau of Wuhan(2018060401011308).
摘要Nekemias megalophylla is a popular folk tea consumed by people in the Western Hubei(China)of which ampelopsin(AMP)is the main active ingredient.In this study,we investigated the effect of AMP on cervical cancer and explored its mechanism of action,focusing on apoptosis and autophagy.Firstly,we verified that AMP strongly inhibited the growth of C-33A cells and observed apoptosis and autophagy phenomenon in vivo,and found that AMP induces C-33A cell apoptosis via death receptor or mitochondrial pathways.The results also indicated that AMP-induced autophagy occurs via the PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway.Secondly,when autophagy was inhibited,the AMP-induced apoptosis of C-33A cells was strengthened,when apoptosis was inhibited,the AMP-induced autophagy of C-33A cells was strengthened.PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway activation enhances AMP-induced apoptosis in C-33A cells,while its inhibition strengthens AMP-induced autophagy.Finally,we confirmed that AMP inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis and autophagy of C-33A cells in an in vivo nude mouse model of C-33A tumor xenografts.These results elucidate that AMP bidirectionally regulates apoptosis and autophagy in human cervical cancer C-33A cells by mediating the PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway.
基金supported in part by JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research 25K07742 and 25K23457.
摘要Spectrum sensing is an indispensable core part of cognitive radio dynamic spectrum access(DSA)and a key approach to alleviating spectrum scarcity in the Internet of Things(IoT).The key issue in practical IoT networks is robust sensing under the coexistence of low signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs)and non-Gaussian impulsive noise,where observations may be distorted differently across feature modalities,making conventional fusion unstable and degrading detection reliability.To address this challenge,the generalized Gaussian distribution(GGD)is adopted as the noise model,and a multimodal fusion framework termed BCAM-Net(bidirectional cross-attention multimodal network)is proposed.BCAM-Net adopts a parallel dual-branch architecture:a time-frequency branch that leverages the continuous wavelet transform(CWT)to extract time-frequency representations,and a temporal branch that learns long-range dependencies from raw signals.BCAM-Net utilizes a bidirectional cross-attention mechanism to achieve deep alignment and mutual calibration of temporal and time-frequency features,generating a fused representation that is highly robust to complex noise.Simulation results show that,under GGD noise with shape parameterβ=0.5,BCAM-Net achieves high detection probabilities in the low-SNR regime and outperforms representative baselines.At a false alarm probability Pf=0.1 and SNR of−14 dB,it attains a detection probability of 0.9020,exceeding the CNN-Transformer,WT-ResNet,TFCFN,and conventional CNN benchmarks by 5.75%,6.98%,33.3%,and 21.1%,respectively.These results indicate that BCAM-Net can effectively improve spectrum sensing performance in low-SNR impulsive-noise scenarios,and provides a lightweight,high-performance solution for practical cognitive radio spectrum sensing.
基金funded by Name of Funder,grant number Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202401CF070073).
摘要To address the operational challenges of power systems with high renewable penetration,this research targets the non-stationarity and stochasticity of wind power.A novel hybrid framework for probabilistic forecasting and risk assessment is proposed.Initially,Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD)adaptively decomposes the raw power signal into multi-scale Intrinsic Mode Functions(IMFs)and a residual trend,effectively segregating temporal features and reducing complexity.These components are then fused with historical data to form a comprehensive input.The core predictor is a Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit(BiGRU)network enhanced with a Temporal Attention(TA)mechanism.The BiGRU captures bidirectional long-term dependencies,while the TA mechanism dynamically focuses on the most influential historical time steps,enabling precise temporal pattern extraction.To quantify uncertainty,a Bayesian Neural Networks(BNNs)layer is integrated,transforming deterministic point forecasts into probabilistic outputs with prediction intervals.Finally,leveraging these probabilistic forecasts,the Value at Risk(VaR)metric is applied to assess potential operational risks under specified confidence levels,translating uncertainty into quantifiable reliability or financial risk.Simulation results confirm the framework's superiority,achieving a normalized Root Mean Square Error(nRMSE)of 15.73%and a normalized Mean Absolute Error(nMAE)of 10.94%,significantly outperforming benchmarks.The innovative integration of signal processing,attentive deep learning,Bayesian inference,and risk theory within a unified model enhances forecasting accuracy,quantifies uncertainty,and enables proactive risk assessment,providing robust decision support for grid dispatch and renewable integration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(52302284,22002086,22204096)Shanghai Sailing Program(23YF1412200)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(22120240314).
摘要Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered significant attention in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries for their potential to mitigate the severe polysulfide shuttle effect and sluggish redox kinetics.However,the development of highly efficient SACs and a comprehensive understanding of their structure-activity relationships remain enormously challenging.Herein,a novel kind of Fe-based SAC featuring an asymmetric FeN5-TeN4 coordination structure was precisely designed by introducing Te atom adjacent to the Fe active center to enhance the catalytic activity.Theoretical calculations reveal that the neighboring Te atom modulates the local coordination environment of the central Fe site,elevating the d-band center closer to the Fermi level and strengthening the d-p orbital hybridization between the catalyst and sulfur species,thereby immobilizing polysulfides and improving the bidirectional catalysis of Li-S redox.Consequently,the Fe-Te atom pair catalyst endows Li-S batteries with exceptional rate performance,achieving a high specific capacity of 735 mAh g−1 at 5 C,and remarkable cycling stability with a low decay rate of 0.038%per cycle over 1000 cycles at 1 C.This work provides fundamental insights into the electronic structure modulation of SACs and establishes a clear correlation between precisely engineered atomic configurations and their enhanced catalytic performance in Li-S electrochemistry.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen(3502Z202473104)Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2025J011514,2025J011016)National Natural Science Foundation of China(92472203,22372072)。
摘要Aqueous zinc-organic batteries(AzOBs)are promising for grid-scale energy storage but suffer from interfacial instability at both electrodes.Most existing studies focus on stabilizing a single electrode,overlooking the crucial interplay between the anode and cathode.Herein,we propose a bidirectional interface engineering strategy enabled by a multifunctional ionic liquid additive,1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride(BDMIMCl),which simultaneously stabilizes the zinc anode and polyaniline(PANI)cathode.Mechanistic studies reveal that BDMIMCl enables the formation of a protective layer on the Zn anode.This layer is subsequently converted in situ into a hybrid solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)during cycling,which effectively shields the anode.Moreover,BDMIMCl restructures the Zn2+solvation shell to minimize water-induced side reactions and establishes a Cl--involved multi-ion storage mechanism in the PANI cathode.As a result,Zn||Zn cells exhibit exceptional cycling stability over 2400 h at 1 mA cm-2and 1 mA h cm-2,and Zn||PANI cells retain 84.3%capacity after 2000 cycles at 2 A g-1.This work provides novel insights into bidirectional interface engineering,paving the way for the development of ultrastable and high-performance AzOBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.U23B20105.
摘要Bidirectional functionally graded(BDFG)beams are a promising solution for spacecraft structures subjected to extreme thermal and vibrational environments due to their superior thermal performance and design flexibility.Therefore,developing an efficient and highly convergent thermal vibration analysis method for BDFG beams under complex temperature fields is of paramount importance.This paper proposes a Chebyshev spectral method based on Reddy’s higher-order shear deformation theory(HSDT)to investigate the thermoelastic vibrations of BDFG beams.The material properties are temperature-dependent and vary with both thickness and length.The proposed method is validated by comparing the results with those in the existing literature.The analysis reveals that the critical buckling temperature rise is primarily influenced by the ceramic content,but thermal buckling can be mitigated by adjusting the material distribution.A trade-off exists between suppressing thermal buckling and relaxing thermal stresses,necessitating a balanced approach.The titanium alloy BDFG beam offers a broader design envelope compared to the metal-ceramic BDFG beam.The method presented in this study will provide theoretical support and guidance for the design of BDFG beams.
基金supported and funded by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number(PNURSP2025R410),Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
摘要Recognizing human interactions in RGB videos is a critical task in computer vision,with applications in video surveillance.Existing deep learning-based architectures have achieved strong results,but are computationally intensive,sensitive to video resolution changes and often fail in crowded scenes.We propose a novel hybrid system that is computationally efficient,robust to degraded video quality and able to filter out irrelevant individuals,making it suitable for real-life use.The system leverages multi-modal handcrafted features for interaction representation and a deep learning classifier for capturing complex dependencies.Using Mask R-CNN and YOLO11-Pose,we extract grayscale silhouettes and keypoint coordinates of interacting individuals,while filtering out irrelevant individuals using a proposed algorithm.From these,we extract silhouette-based features(local ternary pattern and histogram of optical flow)and keypoint-based features(distances,angles and velocities)that capture distinct spatial and temporal information.A Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory network(BiLSTM)then classifies the interactions.Extensive experiments on the UT Interaction,SBU Kinect Interaction and the ISR-UOL 3D social activity datasets demonstrate that our system achieves competitive accuracy.They also validate the effectiveness of the chosen features and classifier,along with the proposed system’s computational efficiency and robustness to occlusion.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFB3212901)National Natural Science Foundation of China(12072189)the Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(No.YG2025ZD05)。
摘要Pipelines are extensively used in environments such as nuclear power plants,chemical factories,and medical devices to transport gases and liquids.These tubular environments often feature complex geometries,confined spaces,and millimeter-scale height restrictions,presenting significant challenges to conventional inspection methods.Here,we present an ultrasonic microrobot(weight,80 mg;dimensions,24 mm×7 mm;thickness,210μm)to realize agile and bidirectional navigation in narrow pipelines.The ultrathin structural design of the robot is achieved through a high-performance piezoelectric composite film microstructure based on MEMS technology.The robot exhibits various vibration modes when driven by ultrasonic frequency signals,its motion speed reaches81 cm s-1 at 54.8 k Hz,exceeding that of the fastest piezoelectric microrobots,and its forward and backward motion direction is controllable through frequency modulation,while the minimum driving voltage for initial movement can be as low as 3 VP-P.Additionally,the robot can effortlessly climb slopes up to 24.25°and carry loads more than 36 times its weight.The robot is capable of agile navigation through curved L-shaped pipes,pipes made of various materials(acrylic,stainless steel,and polyvinyl chloride),and even over water.To further demonstrate its inspection capabilities,a micro-endoscope camera is integrated into the robot,enabling real-time image capture inside glass pipes.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2025YFF0516300)the Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22561160126)+2 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(23DZ1200800)financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62571519)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.24ZR1475400).
摘要Achieving highly linear and sensitive strain sensing under both tensile and compressive deformation remains a critical challenge in wearable electronics,as it demands a conductive network capable of reversible reconfiguration without compromising structural uniformity.This challenge is further intensified in hierarchical carbon nanostructures,where catalyst deactivation and unregulated carbon supply frequently lead to nonuniform nanocarbon growth and severely heterogeneous conductive pathways.Herein,we report a hierarchical carbon aerogel derived from plastics.Carbon nanofibers(CNFs)are in situ grown on elastic carbonized cotton fibers via plastic pyrolysis,enabled by Ni-S-modified catalytic interface and sustained carbon flux from plastic decomposition.The coupled regulation suppresses uneven nanocarbon deposition,yielding an elastic fibrous backbone densely interconnected by CNFs.The resulting network facilitates reversible reconstruction of conductive contacts under tension and compression,delivering a nearly linear electromechanical response over a broad bidirectional strain window with linear gauge factors of 7.8 at 82%tension and 1.7 at 28%compression,while maintaining stable sensitivity over 5000 cycles within a±20%strain window.Overall,this work achieves a wide bidirectional strain range,high sensitivity,and long-term stability,rarely combined in carbon-based strain sensors.Moreover,it reliably resolves strain direction and magnitude,enables sensitive adhesion sensing and joint-motion monitoring,highlighting its potential for next-generation human-machine interfaces.
基金supported by the 2022 Key Research Project under the Ministry of Education’s Top Talent Training Program for Basic Disciplines 2.0(Grant No.20221023)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62272434)。
摘要Large language models(LLMs)are changing the way software is developed and taught.At the same time,LLMs fundamentally rely on core compiler concepts and technical foundations.This paper explores the bidirectional impact between compiler systems and LLMsÐfrom how LLMs are reshaping compiler design and usage to how compiler principles and techniques are essential for understanding,building,and teaching LLM-based systems.We further examine their implications for software engineering education and propose preliminary thoughts on integrating LLMs in future compiler courses.By bridging traditional compiler foundations with emerging AI paradigms,we advocate for reestablishing the central role of compiler education in training the next generation of intelligent system developers.
基金Jiangsu Provincial University Education Informatization Research Project(2025JSETKT171)Research on the Improvement Path of Student Learning Quality Based on the PBL Concept(2023JJG020)+1 种基金The Second Batch of Young and Middle-Aged Backbone Teacher Training Projects(ZQNGGJS202209)Ministry of Education Supply-Demand Matching Project for Employment and Education(2024112813427)。
摘要Under the“Smart+”education initiative,the traditional Introduction to Civil Engineering course faces challenges such as abstract knowledge delivery and disconnection from practical applications.Guided by the core concept of“bidirectional integration,”this research systematically develops a novel teaching model that deeply incorporates generative artificial intelligence(AI)with project-based learning(PBL).This model not only employs generative AI as an intelligent tool to empower the entire PBL process but also uses authentic PBL project tasks to drive students’high-order and critical use of AI,aiming to simultaneously enhance students’engineering cognition and AI literacy.Teaching practice demonstrates that this model effectively stimulates students’learning interest and improves their comprehensive ability to solve complex engineering problems,providing an actionable pathway and reference for the intelligent teaching reform of similar courses.
摘要Objective:To explore the intervention effect of the bidirectional quality feedback nursing model on the quality of life and self-management ability of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:A total of 60 COPD cases in the stable phase of the disease admitted to our hospital from January to December 2024 were included.Using a random number table method,they were divided into a control group and an observation group,with 30 cases in each group.The control group received the standard nursing protocol,while the observation group underwent a three-month bidirectional quality feedback nursing intervention in addition to the standard protocol.The quality of life and self-management ability scores of the two groups were compared before and after the intervention.Results:After the intervention,compared with the control group,the observation group showed lower scores in all dimensions of the St.George’s Respiratory Questionnaire(SGRQ)and higher scores in all domains and the total score of the Self-Care of Chronic Illness Inventory-Modified for COPD(SCMMS)(p<0.05).Conclusion:The bidirectional quality feedback nursing intervention can significantly improve the self-care level and quality of life of patients with COPD,demonstrating clinical application value.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82230071, 82172098)the Integrated Project of Major Research Plan of National Natural Science Foundation of China (92249303)+2 种基金the Laboratory Animal Research Project of Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology (23141900600)the Shanghai Clinical Research Plan (SHDC2023CRT01)the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology (YESS20230049)。
摘要In addition to its recognized role in providing structural support, bone plays a crucial role in maintaining the functionality and balance of various organs by secreting specific cytokines(also known as osteokines). This reciprocal influence extends to these organs modulating bone homeostasis and development, although this aspect has yet to be systematically reviewed. This review aims to elucidate this bidirectional crosstalk, with a particular focus on the role of osteokines. Additionally, it presents a unique compilation of evidence highlighting the critical function of extracellular vesicles(EVs) within bone-organ axes for the first time. Moreover, it explores the implications of this crosstalk for designing and implementing bone-on-chips and assembloids, underscoring the importance of comprehending these interactions for advancing physiologically relevant in vitro models. Consequently, this review establishes a robust theoretical foundation for preventing, diagnosing, and treating diseases related to the bone-organ axis from the perspective of cytokines, EVs, hormones, and metabolites.
基金Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars21C Innovation Laboratory Contemporary Amperex Technology Co.,Limited,Ninde, 352100, China (21C–OP-202314)。
摘要Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have gained great attention due to the high theoretical energy density and low cost,yet their further commercialization has been obstructed by the notorious shuttle effect and sluggish redox dynamics.Herein,we supply a strategy to optimize the electron structure of Ni2P by concurrently introducing B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni2P (Vp-B-Ni2P),thereby enhancing the bidirectional sulfur conversion.The study indicates that the simultaneous introduction of B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni2P causes the redistribution of electron around Ni atoms,bringing about the upward shift of d-band center of Ni atoms and effective d-p orbital hybridization between Ni atoms and sulfur species,thus strengthening the chemical anchoring for lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) as well as expediting the bidirectional conversion kinetics of sulfur species.Meanwhile,theoretical calculations reveal that the incorporation of B-doped atoms and P vacancies in Ni2P selectively promotes Li2S dissolution and nucleation processes.Thus,the Li-S batteries with Vp-B-Ni2P-separators present outstanding rate ability of 777 m A h g-1at 5 C and high areal capacity of 8.03 mA h cm-2under E/S of 5μL mg-1and sulfur loading of 7.20 mg cm-2.This work elucidates that introducing heteroatom and vacancy in metal phosphide collaboratively regulates the electron structure to accelerate bidirectional sulfur conversion.
基金supported by the National Research and Development Program(2022YFC3004603)the Jiangsu Province International Collaboration Program-Key National Industrial Technology Research and Development Cooperation Projects(BZ2023050)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20221109)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52274098).
摘要The increasingly severe state of coal burst disaster has emerged as a critical factor constraining coal mine safety production,and it has become a challenging task to enhance the accuracy of coal burst disaster prediction.To address the issue of insufficient exploration of the spatio-temporal characteristic of microseismic data and the challenging selection of the optimal time window size in spatio-temporal prediction,this paper integrates deep learning methods and theory to propose a novel coal burst spatio-temporal prediction method based on Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM)network.The method involves three main modules,including microseismic spatio-temporal characteristic indicators construction,temporal prediction model,and spatial prediction model.To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method,engineering application tests are conducted at a high-risk working face in the Ordos mining area of Inner Mongolia,focusing on 13 high-energy microseismic events with energy levels greater than 105 J.In terms of temporal prediction,the analysis indicates that the temporal prediction results consist of 10 strong predictions and 3 medium predictions,and there is no false alarm detected throughout the entire testing period.Moreover,compared to the traditional threshold-based coal burst temporal prediction method,the accuracy of the proposed method is increased by 38.5%.In terms of spatial prediction,the distribution of spatial prediction results for high-energy events comprises 6 strong hazard predictions,3 medium hazard predictions,and 4 weak hazard predictions.
基金supported in part by the Young Scientists Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China(62203408)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2015CFA010)+1 种基金the 111 Project(B17040)China Scholarship Council(202206410070).
摘要The complex nonlinear characteristics of pneumatic soft actuators,such as asymmetric hysteresis,rate-dependence,and mechanical load-dependence,pose a challenge in accurately modeling their dynamics.To address this challenge,this paper proposes a comprehensive dynamic model aimed at describing bidirectional asymmetric hysteresis,rate-dependent,and mechanical load-dependent characteristics of a vertical pneumatic bellows actuator(PBA)system.The dynamic model contains a hysteresis submodel and a load-dependent dynamic submodel.The hysteresis submodel consists of several sets of weighted double-side play(DSP)and weighted dead-zone(DZ)operators connected in series,and it is used to model the bidirectional asymmetric hysteresis of the system.The load-dependent dynamic submodel is built based on the gated recurrent unit(GRU)neural network,and it is used to fit the nonlinear relationship between the displacement of the system and the frequency of the input air pressure as well as the mechanical load.The model parameters of the hysteresis submodel and the loaddependent dynamic submodel are determined by intelligent optimization method and neural network training method,reseparately.The fitness value(FV)between the output of the dynamic model and the experimental data is calculated to be 96.1736%,demonstrating that the parameters of the dynamic model are valid.We conduct six set of experiments to compare the model output with the experimental data,and calculate the root-meansquare errors and the maximum error,respectively.The experimental results show that,the root-mean-square error remains consistently below 2.7700%,while the maximum error remains below 8.4000%across all experiments,thereby substantiating the validity and generality of the proposed model.
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research(DSR)at King Abdulaziz University,Jeddah,under grant No.(IPP:421-611-2025).
摘要Over the past few years,Malware attacks have become more and more widespread,posing threats to digital assets throughout the world.Although numerous methods have been developed to detect malicious attacks,these malware detection techniques need to be more efficient in detecting new and progressively sophisticated variants of malware.Therefore,the development of more advanced and accurate techniques is necessary for malware detection.This paper introduces a comprehensive Dual-Channel Attention Deep Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(DCADBiLSTM)model for malware detection and riskmitigation.The Dual Channel Attention(DCA)mechanism improves themodel’s capability to concentrate on the features that aremost appropriate in the input data,which reduces the false favourable rates.The Bidirectional Long,Short-Term Memory framework helps capture crucial interdependence from past and future circumstances,which is essential for enhancing the model’s understanding of malware behaviour.As soon as malware is detected,the risk mitigation phase is implemented,which evaluates the severity of each threat and helps mitigate threats earlier.The outcomes of the method demonstrate better accuracy of 98.96%,which outperforms traditional models.It indicates the method detects and mitigates several kinds of malware threats,thereby providing a proactive defence mechanism against the emerging challenges in cybersecurity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52172214,52472220)。
摘要Modulating the electronic structure has emerged as an effective strategy for optimizing the adsorption and catalytic capabilities of electrocatalysts in lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries.However,the regulation of electronic structure involving spin-related charge transfer and orbital interactions has been largely underexplored in sulfur electrocatalysts.Herein,selenium-deficient bimetallic selenides embedded in a coaxial carbon layer(CoSe2-x/ZnSe)were meticulously fabricated as electrocatalysts,aiming to modulate the electron spin state of Co catalytic sites to enhance the bidirectional lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)conversion kinetics and suppress the LiPSs shuttling effect.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations and experimental results indicate that the selenium vacancies at the CoSe2-x/ZnSe heterointerfaces weaken the ligand fields and drive the Co 3d orbital electronic structure transition from low-spin to high-spin states.Such tailored spin state configuration generates more unpaired electrons and upshifts the dband center,thus accelerating the charge transfer and strengthening the orbital interactions between LiPSs and Co catalytic sites.As a consequence,the assembled Li-S batteries with CoSe2-x/ZnSe electrocatalysts exhibit an ultralow average decay rate of 0.028%per cycle at 1 C over 1000 cycles.This work presents a novel strategy for manipulating ligand fields to realize electron spin state modulation in sulfur electrocatalysts.
基金Supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(62462037,62462036)Project for Academic and Technical Leader in Major Disciplines in Jiangxi Province(20232BCJ22013)+1 种基金Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20242BAB26017,20232BAB202010)Jiangxi Province Graduate Innovation Fund Project(YC2023-S320)。
摘要Intent detection and slot filling are two important components of natural language understanding.Because their relevance,joint training is often performed to improve performance.Existing studies mostly use a joint model of multi-intent detection and slot-filling with unidirectional interaction,which improves the overall performance of the model by fusing the intent information in the slot-filling part.On this basis,in order to further improve the overall performance of the model by exploiting the correlation between the two,this paper proposes a joint multi-intent detection and slot-filling model based on a bidirectional interaction structure,which fuses the intent encoding information in the encoding part of slot filling and fuses the slot decoding information in the decoding part of intent detection.Experimental results on two public multi-intent joint training datasets,MixATIS and MixSNIPS,show that the bidirectional interaction structure proposed in this paper can effectively improve the performance of the joint model.In addition,in order to verify the generalization of the bidirectional interaction structure between intent and slot,a joint model for single-intent scenarios is proposed on the basis of the model in this paper.This model also achieves excellent performance on two public single-intent joint training datasets,CAIS and SNIPS.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number 624010funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,grant number 2408085QF202+1 种基金funded by the Anhui Future Technology Research Institute Industry Guidance Fund Project,grant number 2023cyyd04funded by the Project of Research of Anhui Polytechnic University,grant number Xjky2022150.
摘要Pedestrian trajectory prediction is pivotal and challenging in applications such as autonomous driving,social robotics,and intelligent surveillance systems.Pedestrian trajectory is governed not only by individual intent but also by interactions with surrounding agents.These interactions are critical to trajectory prediction accuracy.While prior studies have employed Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs)and Graph Convolutional Networks(GCNs)to model such interactions,these methods fail to distinguish varying influence levels among neighboring pedestrians.To address this,we propose a novel model based on a bidirectional graph attention network and spatio-temporal graphs to capture dynamic interactions.Specifically,we construct temporal and spatial graphs encoding the sequential evolution and spatial proximity among pedestrians.These features are then fused and processed by the Bidirectional Graph Attention Network(Bi-GAT),which models the bidirectional interactions between the target pedestrian and its neighbors.The model computes node attention weights(i.e.,similarity scores)to differentially aggregate neighbor information,enabling fine-grained interaction representations.Extensive experiments conducted on two widely used pedestrian trajectory prediction benchmark datasets demonstrate that our approach outperforms existing state-of-theartmethods regarding Average Displacement Error(ADE)and Final Displacement Error(FDE),highlighting its strong prediction accuracy and generalization capability.