Bioinspired manganese complexes with tetradentate aminopyridine ligands(Mn-N4)have shown excellent promise as effective catalysts for various selective oxidation reactions.The synthesis of a series of Mn-N4 and their ...Bioinspired manganese complexes with tetradentate aminopyridine ligands(Mn-N4)have shown excellent promise as effective catalysts for various selective oxidation reactions.The synthesis of a series of Mn-N4 and their application in the catalytic oxidation of secondary alcohols are reported.This method utilizes hydrogen peroxide as an environmentally benign oxidant with a small amount of acetic acid as an additive.Notably,the continuous-flow process using this catalyst system achieves rapid conversion,reducing the reaction time from 90 min in a traditional batch system to 1.6 min residence time in the continuous-flow process.This approach offers a promising and practical strategy for the industrial oxidation of secondary alcohols,demonstrating significant potential for broader applications.展开更多
Human action recognition(HAR)is crucial for the development of efficient computer vision,where bioinspired neuromorphic perception visual systems have emerged as a vital solution to address transmission bottlenecks ac...Human action recognition(HAR)is crucial for the development of efficient computer vision,where bioinspired neuromorphic perception visual systems have emerged as a vital solution to address transmission bottlenecks across sensor-processor interfaces.However,the absence of interactions among versatile biomimicking functionalities within a single device,which was developed for specific vision tasks,restricts the computational capacity,practicality,and scalability of in-sensor vision computing.Here,we propose a bioinspired vision sensor composed of a Ga N/Al N-based ultrathin quantum-disks-in-nanowires(QD-NWs)array to mimic not only Parvo cells for high-contrast vision and Magno cells for dynamic vision in the human retina but also the synergistic activity between the two cells for in-sensor vision computing.By simply tuning the applied bias voltage on each QD-NW-array-based pixel,we achieve two biosimilar photoresponse characteristics with slow and fast reactions to light stimuli that enhance the in-sensor image quality and HAR efficiency,respectively.Strikingly,the interplay and synergistic interaction of the two photoresponse modes within a single device markedly increased the HAR recognition accuracy from 51.4%to 81.4%owing to the integrated artificial vision system.The demonstration of an intelligent vision sensor offers a promising device platform for the development of highly efficient HAR systems and future smart optoelectronics.展开更多
Achieving both high strength and toughness in lightweight structural materials under extreme loading conditions remains a core challenge in composite structural design.Inspired by the helicoidal laminated architecture...Achieving both high strength and toughness in lightweight structural materials under extreme loading conditions remains a core challenge in composite structural design.Inspired by the helicoidal laminated architecture of the mantis shrimp's dactyl club,bioinspired helicoidal carbon fiber/epoxy composite laminates with different interlaminar helix angles were designed and fabricated in this study.The penetration resistance characteristics,dynamic response,and energy absorption performance of these laminates under projectile impact were investigated through a combined experimental and numerical approach.The results indicated that the interlaminar helix angle significantly affects the impact resistance of the structure,the 15°configuration achieved a 45%higher energy absorption than the cross-ply configuration,demonstrating superior comprehensive performance.Further analysis revealed that variation in helix angle significantly alters the internal stress distribution,intralaminar axial and transverse stresses induce fiber fracture and matrix cracking,while interlaminar shear stresses drive delamination along helical shear paths,giving rise to a unique multi-mode progressive damage mechanism.These findings elucidate the mechanisms underlying strength and toughness enhancement in helicoidal architectures under projectile impact,highlighting the critical role in enhancing impact resistance and energy dissipation.The results provide valuable guidance for the structural design and performance optimization of high-performance composite materials with promising application potential.展开更多
Metamaterials demonstrate unique mechanical properties and functional performance owing to their distinctive topological spatial structures.In this study,by mimicking the natural Saxidomus purpuratus shell,bioinspired...Metamaterials demonstrate unique mechanical properties and functional performance owing to their distinctive topological spatial structures.In this study,by mimicking the natural Saxidomus purpuratus shell,bioinspired crossed-lamellar architectures with interlamellar apex angles ranging from 60°to 150°were designed and fabricated in NiTi metamaterials by laser beam powder bed fusion(PBF-LB).The microstructural characteristics,monotonic,and cyclic compressive properties,as well as deformation and damage behaviors of the metamaterials were systematically characterized.The metamaterials were revealed to display pronounced mechanical anisotropy,and demonstrate obvious viscoelastic hysteresis under cyclic compression.The mechanical properties are strongly dependent on both the loading direction and the apex angle,with diverse deformation and damage modes that are closely linked to the structural stability.Moreover,the bioinspired metamaterials demonstrate outstanding elastic recovery capability,achieving recovery ratios exceeding 80%upon compression to 10%strain along selected orientations,which surpasses those for other porous NiTi alloys with varying porosities reported in the literature.This is attributed to the intrinsic superelasticity of NiTi in synergy with the good elasticity and mechanical stability conferred by the crossed-lamellar structure.This study provides valuable insights into the structural design,performance optimization,and potential applications of 3D-printed metamaterials.展开更多
The rising prevalence of hip joint disorders,particularly among aging populations,highlights the need for advanced surgical and rehabilitation strategies.The artificial ligament plays a key role in restoring joint sta...The rising prevalence of hip joint disorders,particularly among aging populations,highlights the need for advanced surgical and rehabilitation strategies.The artificial ligament plays a key role in restoring joint stability in the treatment of hip joint disorders.Existing commercial artificial ligaments differ from biological ligaments in that they lack the complex hierarchical organization of natural ligaments.This study introduces bioinspired hierarchical 3D braided ligaments to replicate the nonlinear mechanical behavior of human ligaments.We examined the effects of braiding strands and angles on the tensile properties of artificial ligaments,including toe-region strain and linear modulus.Key characteristics such as stress relaxation and fatigue were also assessed.Using FEA,we simulated fiber interactions and macroscopic mechanical behavior,revealing the mechanisms behind the J-shaped curve of braided ligaments.Based on theoretical analysis,we selected a high-fidelity artificial braided ligament and compared the hip joint’s range of motion with and without it.The results show that the artificial hip with the round ligament closely mimics the human hip’s motion(beyond 95%similarity in all directions including three translations and three rotations),which reveals their potential to enhance joint stability and serve as effective therapeutic and educational tools in medical practice.展开更多
The growing demand for sustainable energy conversion,storage,and environmental remediation solutions has driven researchers toward materials that simultaneously deliver higher performance,greater durability,and lower ...The growing demand for sustainable energy conversion,storage,and environmental remediation solutions has driven researchers toward materials that simultaneously deliver higher performance,greater durability,and lower environmental footprints.Conventional synthetic approaches,while widely used,often suffer from sluggish transport kinetics,mechanical fragility,and high embodied energy.Here,inspired by biological systems refined through 3.8 billion years of evolution,bioinspired materials are unlocking unprecedented capabilities across multiple domains.Benefiting from the uniqueness of these nature-derived architectures ranging from virus-templated nanostructures and coral-like hierarchies to wood-aligned channels,nacre-mimetic layers,and aquaporin-inspired membranes,virus-templated solar cells now reach 10.6%efficiency,thylakoid-mimetic systems achieve 3.1%with 580 fs charge separation,bacterial nanowires deliver 307µW cm-2power density,coral-inspired supercapacitors attain 1661 F g-1with 97%rate retention,nacre-mimetic electrolytes increase fracture toughness 3.1-fold while suppressing dendrites,pollen-inspired hollow structures retain 78-82%capacity after 500 cycles,hydrogenase-mimetic catalysts exhibit 2750 h-1turnover frequency,and aquaporin-inspired designs enable 100 h continuous CO2reduction at pH 1.0 with 60%energy efficiency;meanwhile,mucus-mimetic filters provide 25-fold adhesion enhancement,corn-based biodegradable media realize 99.9994%PM0.3 removal at 45 Pa,and MOF-COF hybrids achieve 99.8%tetracycline degradation alongside 1447 mg g-1adsorption capacity.Life-cycle assessments further confirm their edge,with agricultural waste-derived bioinspired materials requiring only 5-10 MJ kg-1of embodied energy,versus 50-80 MJ kg-1for synthetic frameworks,and demonstrating 14-day biodegradability.This review presents a design philosophy for bioinspired materials that are advancing from simple structural mimicry to full functional mastery,from laboratory demonstrations to emerging commercial relevance,and from performance optimization to complete lifecycle accountability.展开更多
The airflow vector information is crucial for ensuring flight safety and flow field identification for the increasingly miniaturized drones.However,the measurement of the airflow velocity and direction on small-sized ...The airflow vector information is crucial for ensuring flight safety and flow field identification for the increasingly miniaturized drones.However,the measurement of the airflow velocity and direction on small-sized and compatible sensors is still challenging.Natural creatures,such as scorpions,use the trichobothria organ to resolve airflow vectors in a complicated airflow field.Inspired by this sensing capability,we investigate the elliptical-top and cylindrical-root structure of the trichobothria hair shaft.The elliptical top enlarges the deflection difference of the hair shaft between the airflow from sensitive and insensitive directions,which makes the hair shaft an airflow-vector sensor.To replicate this capability,a Bioinspired Elliptical-top and Cylindrical-root Hair sensor(BECH)is designed.The sensor exhibits sensitivities of 16.46 and 9 mV/m/s for the sensitive and insensitive directions,respectively,and detects the airflow velocity and direction with the resolution of 0.064 m/s and 5.08°.To accomplish the recognition of airflow vector,a BECH array was constructed.Based on a Back Propagation Neural Network(BP-NN),the airflow vector is accurately detected with Root Mean Squared Error(RMSE)of 0.00186 and 3.149 for the velocity and direction,respectively.The proposed BECH,inspired by scorpions,provides a new concept for the design of hair-like sensors aiming to decouple airflow vectors.展开更多
Regulating gas diffusion is essential for a range of natural and industrial processes,including underwater breathing,aeration reactor and energy device.Natural organisms,e.g.,water boatman,utilize their superaerophili...Regulating gas diffusion is essential for a range of natural and industrial processes,including underwater breathing,aeration reactor and energy device.Natural organisms,e.g.,water boatman,utilize their superaerophilic(SAL)abdomen to create a plastron underwater,enabling efficient gas exchange with dissolved oxygen.Herein,inspired by nature,we have developed a superaerophilic stripe that can form an air film underwater to enhance gas diffusion.Increasing the width(w)of the superaerophilic stripe and height(h)of water,along with decreasing the distance between the bubble and the stripe(d),can improve gas diffusion.Due to the improved dissolved gas diffusion,an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction driven by enhanced H2 diffusion was successfully achieved,resulting in an electrode potential decrease~13 mV at the same current density of 1 mA/cm2 compared to that without the SAL stripe.This research offers important theoretical insights into the dynamics of gas diffusion and presents practical methods for enhancing gas mass transfer.展开更多
Conductive hydrogels are revolutionizing the fields of wearable sensors,implantable bioelectronics,and soft robotics.However,achieving both mechanical robustness and high conductivity within a single system remains ch...Conductive hydrogels are revolutionizing the fields of wearable sensors,implantable bioelectronics,and soft robotics.However,achieving both mechanical robustness and high conductivity within a single system remains challenging.Here,inspired by the cooperative vascular-neural networks in biological tissues,we develop a nanofiber-reinforced conductive hydrogel composed of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA),aramid nanofibers(ANFs),and in situ polymerized PEDOT:PSS.Through solvent-and thermally induced structural reorganization,the hydrogel evolves into a bi-continuous architecture in which the mechanical and conductive networks are intimately coupled.The tough,ANF-reinforced porous PVA mimics the vascular system,providing mechanical support and maintaining toughness,while the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT)network resembles neural pathways,enabling efficient electron transport.This structural evolution enables a rare synergy of high tensile strength(10.72 MPa)and ultrahigh conductivity(452.75 S m-1)with excellent biocompatibility.The hydrogel maintains stable conduction under impact and complex deformation,supporting multimodal sensing from largeamplitude joint motion to low-amplitude electrophysiological signals:electrocardiographic and electromyographic.When integrated with a convolutional neural network,it achieves 99.54%accuracy in recognizing five complex hand gestures.This bioinspired strategy paves the way for developing robust and conductive hydrogels toward next-generation intelligent wearable electronics.展开更多
Liquid leakage of pipeline networks not only results in considerableresource wastage but also leads to environmental pollution and ecological imbalance.In response to this global issue, a bioinspired superhydrophobic ...Liquid leakage of pipeline networks not only results in considerableresource wastage but also leads to environmental pollution and ecological imbalance.In response to this global issue, a bioinspired superhydrophobic thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotubes/graphene nanosheets flexible strain sensor (TCGS) hasbeen developed using a combination of micro-extrusion compression molding andsurface modification for real-time wireless detection of liquid leakage. The TCGSutilizes the synergistic effects of Archimedean spiral crack arrays and micropores,which are inspired by the remarkable sensory capabilities of scorpions. This designachieves a sensitivity of 218.13 at a strain of 2%, which is an increase of 4300%. Additionally, it demonstrates exceptional durability bywithstanding over 5000 usage cycles. The robust superhydrophobicity of the TCGS significantly enhances sensitivity and stability indetecting small-scale liquid leakage, enabling precise monitoring of liquid leakage across a wide range of sizes, velocities, and compositionswhile issuing prompt alerts. This provides critical early warnings for both industrial pipelines and potential liquid leakage scenariosin everyday life. The development and utilization of bioinspired ultrasensitive flexible strain sensors offer an innovative and effectivesolution for the early wireless detection of liquid leakage.展开更多
Surgical electrodes are frequently associated with disadvantages such as high surface adhesion and severe thermal damage to adjacent normal tissues,which threaten operation quality and patient safety.In this study,by ...Surgical electrodes are frequently associated with disadvantages such as high surface adhesion and severe thermal damage to adjacent normal tissues,which threaten operation quality and patient safety.In this study,by mimicking the micromorphology and bio-anti-adhesion of shark skin,we proposed a strategy that utilized nanoscale aluminium oxide(Al2O3)films deposited on bioinspired shark skin(BSS)microstructures to design a composite surface(Al2O3@BSS)and integrated it into both flat sides of the surgical electrodes.Microano-manufacturing of the Al2O3@BSS surface was sequentially accomplished using nanosecond laser texturing,atomic layer deposition,and low-temperature annealing,endowing it with excellent blood-repellent properties.Visualisation experiments revealed that the tensile stress gradient of the blood coagulum with increasing thickness under a thermal field prompted it to separate from the Al2O3@BSS surface,resulting in anti-adhesion.Furthermore,it was observed for the first time that Al2O3 films could transiently excite discharge along a dielectric surface(DADS)to ablate tissues while suppressing Joule heat,thereby minimising thermal damage.A combination of ex vivo tissue and living mouse experiments demonstrated that the Al2O3@BSS electrodes exhibited optimal comprehensive performance in terms of anti-adhesion,damage minimisation,and drag reduction.In addition,the Al2O3@BSS electrodes possessed remarkable antibacterial efficacy against E.coli and S.aureus.The proposed strategy can meet the extreme application requirements of surgical electrodes to improve operation quality and offer valuable insights for future studies.展开更多
Treatment of intracranial gliomas has increasingly favored minimally invasive surgery,with a growing focus on leveraging microrobots for efficient drug delivery while overcoming the impact of body fluids.Inspired by h...Treatment of intracranial gliomas has increasingly favored minimally invasive surgery,with a growing focus on leveraging microrobots for efficient drug delivery while overcoming the impact of body fluids.Inspired by honeybee stingers,this study proposed a novel microspike robot.This robot firmly adhered to the tissue surface,enabling direct drug delivery from a hydrogel on its back into the targeted tissue via microspikes.The drug delivery rate was influenced by temperature and could be controlled by an alternating magnetic field.Microrobots could be delivered rapidly through a clinical Ommaya reservoir into the postoperative cavity or ventricle of the skull.The microrobot could be actuated for adhesion and retrieval,with its motion posture and trajectory highly precisely controlled by external magnetic fields.Biological experiments confirmed the excellent biocompatibility and biosafety of the microspike robot and demonstrated its effectiveness in treating gliomas by loading unconventional therapeutic drugs.The proposed microspike robot has significant potential for long-term drug delivery to target gliomas and other future clinical applications.展开更多
The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer...The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer therapy,and bioimaging.Nature has evolved efficient light-harvesting systems and energy conversion mechanisms,which serve as a benchmark for researchers.However,reproducing such complexity and harnessing it for biomedical applications is a daunting task.It requires a comprehensive understanding of the underlying biological processes and the ability to replicate them synthetically.By utilizing light energy,these photocatalysts can trigger specific chemical reactions,leading to targeted drug release,enhanced tissue regeneration,and precise imaging of biological structures.In this context,addressing the stability,long-term performance,scalability,and costeffectiveness of these materials is crucial for their widespread implementation in biomedical applications.While challenges such as complexity and stability persist,their advantages such as targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine make them a fascinating area of research.The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of existing research,highlighting the advancements,current challenges,advantages,limitations,and future prospects of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts in biomedicine.展开更多
Photothermal catalysis utilizing the full solar spectrum to convert CO2and H2O into valuable products holds promise for sustainable energy solutions.However,a major challenge remains in enhancing the photothermal c...Photothermal catalysis utilizing the full solar spectrum to convert CO2and H2O into valuable products holds promise for sustainable energy solutions.However,a major challenge remains in enhancing the photothermal conversion efficiency and carrier mobility of semiconductors like Bi2MoO6,which restricts their catalytic performance.Here,we developed a facile strategy to synthesize vertically grown Bi2MoO6(BMO)nanosheets that mimic a bionic butterfly wing scale structure on a biomass-derived carbon framework(BCF).BCF/BMO exhibits high catalytic activity,achieving a CO yield of 165μmol/(g·h),which is an increase of eight times compared to pristine BMO.The wing scale structured BCF/BMO minimizes sunlight reflection and increases the photothermal conversion temperature.BCF consists of crystalline carbon(sp2-C region)dispersed within amorphous carbon(sp3-C hybridized regions),where the crystalline carbon forms“nano-islands”.The N-C-O-Bi covalent bonds at the S-scheme heterojunction interface of BCF/BMO function as electron bridges,connecting the sp2-C nano-islands and enhancing the multilevel built-in electric field and directional trans-interface transport of carriers.As evidenced by DFT calculation,the rich pyridinic-N on the carbon nano-island can establish strong electron coupling with CO2,thereby accelerating the cleavage of*COOH and facilitating the formation of CO.Biomass waste-derived carbon nano-islands represent advanced amorphous/crystalline phase materials and offer a simple and low-cost strategy to facilitate carrier migration.This study provides deep insights into carrier migration in photocatalysis and offers guidance for designing efficient heterojunctions inspired by biological systems.展开更多
This work proposes a bioinspired hierarchical actuation strategy based on liquid crystal elastomers(LCEs),inspired by the helical topological dynamic adaptation mechanism of plant tendrils,to overcome the bottleneck o...This work proposes a bioinspired hierarchical actuation strategy based on liquid crystal elastomers(LCEs),inspired by the helical topological dynamic adaptation mechanism of plant tendrils,to overcome the bottleneck of precise anisotropic control in LCEs.Mechanically pre-programmed hierarchical LCE structures responsive to near-infrared(NIR)light were fabricated:the oriented constrained actuator achieves asymmetric contraction under NIR irradiation,enabling reversible switching between helix and planar morphologies with multi-terrain grasping capability;the biomimetic vine-like helical actuator,composed of Ag nanowire photothermal layers combined with helical LCE,utilizes temperaturegradient-induced phase transition wave propagation to achieve NIR-controlled climbing motion;the M?bius topology actuator realizes reversible deformation or self-locking states by tuning the twist angle(180°/360°);based on these,a bioinspired koala-like concentric soft robot was constructed,successfully demonstrating tree trunk climbing.This study reveals that artificial helical stretching significantly enhances the molecular chain orientation of LCEs(surpassing uniaxial stretching),reaching up to 1000%pre-strain,and the Ag NWs/LCE/PI(Polyimide)tri-layer structure achieves efficient photothermal-mechanical energy conversion via localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR).This study provides a new paradigm for soft robotics material design and topological programming,demonstrating the potential for remote operation and adaptive grasping.展开更多
Excessive Fe3+ ion concentrations in wastewater pose a long-standing threat to human health.Achieving low-cost,high-efficiency quantification of Fe3+ ion concentration in unknown solutions can guide environmenta...Excessive Fe3+ ion concentrations in wastewater pose a long-standing threat to human health.Achieving low-cost,high-efficiency quantification of Fe3+ ion concentration in unknown solutions can guide environmental management decisions and optimize water treatment processes.In this study,by leveraging the rapid,real-time detection capabilities of nanopores and the specific chemical binding affinity of tannic acid to Fe3+,a linear relationship between the ion current and Fe3+ ion concentration was established.Utilizing this linear relationship,quantification of Fe3+ ion concentration in unknown solutions was achieved.Furthermore,ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt was employed to displace Fe3+ from the nanopores,allowing them to be restored to their initial conditions and reused for Fe3+ ion quantification.The reusable bioinspired nanopores remain functional over 330 days of storage.This recycling capability and the long-term stability of the nanopores contribute to a significant reduction in costs.This study provides a strategy for the quantification of unknown Fe3+ concentration using nanopores,with potential applications in environmental assessment,health monitoring,and so forth.展开更多
Rapid and robust identification of bacteria is crucial for environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis.Herein,a bioinspired interface-mediated multichannel sensor array was developed based on three-coloremitting a...Rapid and robust identification of bacteria is crucial for environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis.Herein,a bioinspired interface-mediated multichannel sensor array was developed based on three-coloremitting antimicrobial functional carbon dots(FCDs)and concanavalin A doped polydopamine nanoparticles(Con A-PDA)for identification of bacteria.In this sensor,the fluorescence intensity of the three FCDs was quenched by the Con A-PDA.Upon addition different types of bacteria,the fluorescence intensity of the three FCDs was restored or further quenched.Recur to statistical analysis methods,it is employed to accurately discriminate 10 types of bacteria(including three probiotics and seven pathogenic bacteria)in natural water samples and human urine samples.The discrimination ability of the sensor array was highly enhanced via different competing binding of the FCDs and the bacteria toward Con A-PDA.The proposed array-based method offers a rapid,high-throughput,and reliable sensing platform for pathogen diagnosis in the field of environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis.展开更多
Bioinspired superhydrophobic surfaces have been used for drag reduction.However,the secondary structures and the air cushions on these surfaces could be destructed in a flow,losing the effect of drag reduction.Here,a ...Bioinspired superhydrophobic surfaces have been used for drag reduction.However,the secondary structures and the air cushions on these surfaces could be destructed in a flow,losing the effect of drag reduction.Here,a stainless-steel surface with mushroom-like cross-section(SMC)and diamond cavities(SMCD)having a drag reduction rate up to 19.37%is developed by 3D printing.The concealed re-entrant structures in SMCD prevent the infiltration of water into the chamber and form gas cushions,which converts the sliding friction at liquid-solid interface into rolling friction at liquid-gas interface,realizing the drag reduction.Meanwhile,98.3%of air can be maintained in the chamber in a flow with Reynolds number(Re)of 9×105,ensuring the drag reduction in a high-velocity flow.Moreover,the continuous top stainless-steel surface and the supporting mesh network protect the critical re-entrant structures,ensuring the robustness of SMC.With the bioinspired design and one-step additive manufacturing process,SMC holds great potential for large-area production and applications requiring robust drag reduction.展开更多
Serving as the initiating explosive devices between the propellant tank and the engines,metal-based rupture diaphragms are widely used in ramjet igniters owing to the advantages provided by their simple structure,smal...Serving as the initiating explosive devices between the propellant tank and the engines,metal-based rupture diaphragms are widely used in ramjet igniters owing to the advantages provided by their simple structure,small size,and low cost.However,the reliability of rupture pressure directly affects the success of engine ignition and rocket launch,which is mainly influenced by factors like material,structure,and residual thickness of the surface notch of the diaphragm.Among those,the geometry of the notch is easy to define and control when compared to the mechanical parameters of the ruptured diaphragm.Thus,to make the diaphragm rupture(1A30 Al)within the required pressure range(0.4 MPa±3.5%)with highly sensitive and reliability,we draw inspiration from the arthropod’s force-sensitive slit organ which encompasses curved microgrooves to design a Ω-shaped notch for the rupture diaphragm.Finite element analysis is used to study the relationship between the burst pressure and geometric dimension of theΩ-shaped and bioinspired microgroove.Based on that,metal-based rupture diaphragms are fabricated by femtosecond laser processing technology,followed by rupture tests.Experiment results demonstrate that the practical rupture pressure of the diaphragm is highly consistent with the finite element analysis results,which verifies the effectiveness of the bionic design.展开更多
After millions of years of natural evolution,horsetails have evolved unique stem structures that enable survival in harsh environments.Inspired by the cross-sectional characteristics of horsetail stems,a series of bio...After millions of years of natural evolution,horsetails have evolved unique stem structures that enable survival in harsh environments.Inspired by the cross-sectional characteristics of horsetail stems,a series of bioinspired sandwich structures were designed and fabricated using the laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)process.By combining experimental and finite element simulation methods,the formability,mechanical properties,deformation behavior,and thermal conduction performance of these structures were determined.Results show that the surface morphology of the bioinspired sandwich structures was smooth,with no cracks observed.The bioinspired sandwich structure with an inner tube diameter of 1.9 mm(D1.9)exhibited optimal comprehensive mechanical properties,with a specific strength of 64.2 MPa/(g/cm3),and specific energy absorption of 3.3 J/g.Stress distribution results revealed that the D1.9structures had the most uniform stress distribution.Furthermore,increasing the internal conduction paths improved heat transfer;therefore,the thermal conductivities of the D1.4,D1.9,and D2.4structures were higher than that of the D0 structure.This study demonstrates that a bioinspired design approach,combined with additive manufacturing technology,enables the development of high-performance structures with both load-bearing and thermally insulating capabilities.展开更多
摘要Bioinspired manganese complexes with tetradentate aminopyridine ligands(Mn-N4)have shown excellent promise as effective catalysts for various selective oxidation reactions.The synthesis of a series of Mn-N4 and their application in the catalytic oxidation of secondary alcohols are reported.This method utilizes hydrogen peroxide as an environmentally benign oxidant with a small amount of acetic acid as an additive.Notably,the continuous-flow process using this catalyst system achieves rapid conversion,reducing the reaction time from 90 min in a traditional batch system to 1.6 min residence time in the continuous-flow process.This approach offers a promising and practical strategy for the industrial oxidation of secondary alcohols,demonstrating significant potential for broader applications.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62322410,52272168,624B2135,61804047)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.WK2030000103)。
摘要Human action recognition(HAR)is crucial for the development of efficient computer vision,where bioinspired neuromorphic perception visual systems have emerged as a vital solution to address transmission bottlenecks across sensor-processor interfaces.However,the absence of interactions among versatile biomimicking functionalities within a single device,which was developed for specific vision tasks,restricts the computational capacity,practicality,and scalability of in-sensor vision computing.Here,we propose a bioinspired vision sensor composed of a Ga N/Al N-based ultrathin quantum-disks-in-nanowires(QD-NWs)array to mimic not only Parvo cells for high-contrast vision and Magno cells for dynamic vision in the human retina but also the synergistic activity between the two cells for in-sensor vision computing.By simply tuning the applied bias voltage on each QD-NW-array-based pixel,we achieve two biosimilar photoresponse characteristics with slow and fast reactions to light stimuli that enhance the in-sensor image quality and HAR efficiency,respectively.Strikingly,the interplay and synergistic interaction of the two photoresponse modes within a single device markedly increased the HAR recognition accuracy from 51.4%to 81.4%owing to the integrated artificial vision system.The demonstration of an intelligent vision sensor offers a promising device platform for the development of highly efficient HAR systems and future smart optoelectronics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.12472364).
摘要Achieving both high strength and toughness in lightweight structural materials under extreme loading conditions remains a core challenge in composite structural design.Inspired by the helicoidal laminated architecture of the mantis shrimp's dactyl club,bioinspired helicoidal carbon fiber/epoxy composite laminates with different interlaminar helix angles were designed and fabricated in this study.The penetration resistance characteristics,dynamic response,and energy absorption performance of these laminates under projectile impact were investigated through a combined experimental and numerical approach.The results indicated that the interlaminar helix angle significantly affects the impact resistance of the structure,the 15°configuration achieved a 45%higher energy absorption than the cross-ply configuration,demonstrating superior comprehensive performance.Further analysis revealed that variation in helix angle significantly alters the internal stress distribution,intralaminar axial and transverse stresses induce fiber fracture and matrix cracking,while interlaminar shear stresses drive delamination along helical shear paths,giving rise to a unique multi-mode progressive damage mechanism.These findings elucidate the mechanisms underlying strength and toughness enhancement in helicoidal architectures under projectile impact,highlighting the critical role in enhancing impact resistance and energy dissipation.The results provide valuable guidance for the structural design and performance optimization of high-performance composite materials with promising application potential.
基金financially supported by the project of the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0710404)the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52471152,52173269,52205431,and 52321001)+3 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(Grant No.2019191)Liaoning Outstanding Youth Foundation(Grant No.2024JH3/50100015)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Provincial of China(Grant No.2024-MSBA-75)the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences。
摘要Metamaterials demonstrate unique mechanical properties and functional performance owing to their distinctive topological spatial structures.In this study,by mimicking the natural Saxidomus purpuratus shell,bioinspired crossed-lamellar architectures with interlamellar apex angles ranging from 60°to 150°were designed and fabricated in NiTi metamaterials by laser beam powder bed fusion(PBF-LB).The microstructural characteristics,monotonic,and cyclic compressive properties,as well as deformation and damage behaviors of the metamaterials were systematically characterized.The metamaterials were revealed to display pronounced mechanical anisotropy,and demonstrate obvious viscoelastic hysteresis under cyclic compression.The mechanical properties are strongly dependent on both the loading direction and the apex angle,with diverse deformation and damage modes that are closely linked to the structural stability.Moreover,the bioinspired metamaterials demonstrate outstanding elastic recovery capability,achieving recovery ratios exceeding 80%upon compression to 10%strain along selected orientations,which surpasses those for other porous NiTi alloys with varying porosities reported in the literature.This is attributed to the intrinsic superelasticity of NiTi in synergy with the good elasticity and mechanical stability conferred by the crossed-lamellar structure.This study provides valuable insights into the structural design,performance optimization,and potential applications of 3D-printed metamaterials.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2024YFB4707900in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52021003in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province under Grant 20250101019JJ.
摘要The rising prevalence of hip joint disorders,particularly among aging populations,highlights the need for advanced surgical and rehabilitation strategies.The artificial ligament plays a key role in restoring joint stability in the treatment of hip joint disorders.Existing commercial artificial ligaments differ from biological ligaments in that they lack the complex hierarchical organization of natural ligaments.This study introduces bioinspired hierarchical 3D braided ligaments to replicate the nonlinear mechanical behavior of human ligaments.We examined the effects of braiding strands and angles on the tensile properties of artificial ligaments,including toe-region strain and linear modulus.Key characteristics such as stress relaxation and fatigue were also assessed.Using FEA,we simulated fiber interactions and macroscopic mechanical behavior,revealing the mechanisms behind the J-shaped curve of braided ligaments.Based on theoretical analysis,we selected a high-fidelity artificial braided ligament and compared the hip joint’s range of motion with and without it.The results show that the artificial hip with the round ligament closely mimics the human hip’s motion(beyond 95%similarity in all directions including three translations and three rotations),which reveals their potential to enhance joint stability and serve as effective therapeutic and educational tools in medical practice.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52173214)the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities(No.2022-70)the Youth Innovation Team Project of Shaanxi Province(23JP018).
摘要The growing demand for sustainable energy conversion,storage,and environmental remediation solutions has driven researchers toward materials that simultaneously deliver higher performance,greater durability,and lower environmental footprints.Conventional synthetic approaches,while widely used,often suffer from sluggish transport kinetics,mechanical fragility,and high embodied energy.Here,inspired by biological systems refined through 3.8 billion years of evolution,bioinspired materials are unlocking unprecedented capabilities across multiple domains.Benefiting from the uniqueness of these nature-derived architectures ranging from virus-templated nanostructures and coral-like hierarchies to wood-aligned channels,nacre-mimetic layers,and aquaporin-inspired membranes,virus-templated solar cells now reach 10.6%efficiency,thylakoid-mimetic systems achieve 3.1%with 580 fs charge separation,bacterial nanowires deliver 307µW cm-2power density,coral-inspired supercapacitors attain 1661 F g-1with 97%rate retention,nacre-mimetic electrolytes increase fracture toughness 3.1-fold while suppressing dendrites,pollen-inspired hollow structures retain 78-82%capacity after 500 cycles,hydrogenase-mimetic catalysts exhibit 2750 h-1turnover frequency,and aquaporin-inspired designs enable 100 h continuous CO2reduction at pH 1.0 with 60%energy efficiency;meanwhile,mucus-mimetic filters provide 25-fold adhesion enhancement,corn-based biodegradable media realize 99.9994%PM0.3 removal at 45 Pa,and MOF-COF hybrids achieve 99.8%tetracycline degradation alongside 1447 mg g-1adsorption capacity.Life-cycle assessments further confirm their edge,with agricultural waste-derived bioinspired materials requiring only 5-10 MJ kg-1of embodied energy,versus 50-80 MJ kg-1for synthetic frameworks,and demonstrating 14-day biodegradability.This review presents a design philosophy for bioinspired materials that are advancing from simple structural mimicry to full functional mastery,from laboratory demonstrations to emerging commercial relevance,and from performance optimization to complete lifecycle accountability.
基金supported in part by the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52021003)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Certificate Number:2024M751088).
摘要The airflow vector information is crucial for ensuring flight safety and flow field identification for the increasingly miniaturized drones.However,the measurement of the airflow velocity and direction on small-sized and compatible sensors is still challenging.Natural creatures,such as scorpions,use the trichobothria organ to resolve airflow vectors in a complicated airflow field.Inspired by this sensing capability,we investigate the elliptical-top and cylindrical-root structure of the trichobothria hair shaft.The elliptical top enlarges the deflection difference of the hair shaft between the airflow from sensitive and insensitive directions,which makes the hair shaft an airflow-vector sensor.To replicate this capability,a Bioinspired Elliptical-top and Cylindrical-root Hair sensor(BECH)is designed.The sensor exhibits sensitivities of 16.46 and 9 mV/m/s for the sensitive and insensitive directions,respectively,and detects the airflow velocity and direction with the resolution of 0.064 m/s and 5.08°.To accomplish the recognition of airflow vector,a BECH array was constructed.Based on a Back Propagation Neural Network(BP-NN),the airflow vector is accurately detected with Root Mean Squared Error(RMSE)of 0.00186 and 3.149 for the velocity and direction,respectively.The proposed BECH,inspired by scorpions,provides a new concept for the design of hair-like sensors aiming to decouple airflow vectors.
基金financial supports form the National Natural Science Foundation(Nos.22175011,52472293)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M753143)+5 种基金the Jiangsu Province Excellent Post-Doctoral Program(No.2024ZB457)CNPC Innovation Found(No.2022DQ02-0611)Tianmushan Laboratory Research Project(No.TK2023C018)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.JKF-20240560,JK202478)Key Science and Technology Projects for Basic and Prospective Research of CNPC(No.2023ZZ11)the Opening Project of the Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education)(No.K202407),Jilin University。
摘要Regulating gas diffusion is essential for a range of natural and industrial processes,including underwater breathing,aeration reactor and energy device.Natural organisms,e.g.,water boatman,utilize their superaerophilic(SAL)abdomen to create a plastron underwater,enabling efficient gas exchange with dissolved oxygen.Herein,inspired by nature,we have developed a superaerophilic stripe that can form an air film underwater to enhance gas diffusion.Increasing the width(w)of the superaerophilic stripe and height(h)of water,along with decreasing the distance between the bubble and the stripe(d),can improve gas diffusion.Due to the improved dissolved gas diffusion,an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction driven by enhanced H2 diffusion was successfully achieved,resulting in an electrode potential decrease~13 mV at the same current density of 1 mA/cm2 compared to that without the SAL stripe.This research offers important theoretical insights into the dynamics of gas diffusion and presents practical methods for enhancing gas mass transfer.
基金the financial support from the Innovation and Technology Fund of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(MHP/370/24)Endowed Young Scholar Scheme of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Grant Number:Project 84CC)PolyU Academy for Interdisciplinary Research(Grant Number:Project CD88 and Project BBF7).
摘要Conductive hydrogels are revolutionizing the fields of wearable sensors,implantable bioelectronics,and soft robotics.However,achieving both mechanical robustness and high conductivity within a single system remains challenging.Here,inspired by the cooperative vascular-neural networks in biological tissues,we develop a nanofiber-reinforced conductive hydrogel composed of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA),aramid nanofibers(ANFs),and in situ polymerized PEDOT:PSS.Through solvent-and thermally induced structural reorganization,the hydrogel evolves into a bi-continuous architecture in which the mechanical and conductive networks are intimately coupled.The tough,ANF-reinforced porous PVA mimics the vascular system,providing mechanical support and maintaining toughness,while the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT)network resembles neural pathways,enabling efficient electron transport.This structural evolution enables a rare synergy of high tensile strength(10.72 MPa)and ultrahigh conductivity(452.75 S m-1)with excellent biocompatibility.The hydrogel maintains stable conduction under impact and complex deformation,supporting multimodal sensing from largeamplitude joint motion to low-amplitude electrophysiological signals:electrocardiographic and electromyographic.When integrated with a convolutional neural network,it achieves 99.54%accuracy in recognizing five complex hand gestures.This bioinspired strategy paves the way for developing robust and conductive hydrogels toward next-generation intelligent wearable electronics.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52203037,52103031,and 52073107)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(Grant No.2022CFB649)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC3901902).
摘要Liquid leakage of pipeline networks not only results in considerableresource wastage but also leads to environmental pollution and ecological imbalance.In response to this global issue, a bioinspired superhydrophobic thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotubes/graphene nanosheets flexible strain sensor (TCGS) hasbeen developed using a combination of micro-extrusion compression molding andsurface modification for real-time wireless detection of liquid leakage. The TCGSutilizes the synergistic effects of Archimedean spiral crack arrays and micropores,which are inspired by the remarkable sensory capabilities of scorpions. This designachieves a sensitivity of 218.13 at a strain of 2%, which is an increase of 4300%. Additionally, it demonstrates exceptional durability bywithstanding over 5000 usage cycles. The robust superhydrophobicity of the TCGS significantly enhances sensitivity and stability indetecting small-scale liquid leakage, enabling precise monitoring of liquid leakage across a wide range of sizes, velocities, and compositionswhile issuing prompt alerts. This provides critical early warnings for both industrial pipelines and potential liquid leakage scenariosin everyday life. The development and utilization of bioinspired ultrasensitive flexible strain sensors offer an innovative and effectivesolution for the early wireless detection of liquid leakage.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52275425,52405473,and 52405472)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2024A1515010993)。
摘要Surgical electrodes are frequently associated with disadvantages such as high surface adhesion and severe thermal damage to adjacent normal tissues,which threaten operation quality and patient safety.In this study,by mimicking the micromorphology and bio-anti-adhesion of shark skin,we proposed a strategy that utilized nanoscale aluminium oxide(Al2O3)films deposited on bioinspired shark skin(BSS)microstructures to design a composite surface(Al2O3@BSS)and integrated it into both flat sides of the surgical electrodes.Microano-manufacturing of the Al2O3@BSS surface was sequentially accomplished using nanosecond laser texturing,atomic layer deposition,and low-temperature annealing,endowing it with excellent blood-repellent properties.Visualisation experiments revealed that the tensile stress gradient of the blood coagulum with increasing thickness under a thermal field prompted it to separate from the Al2O3@BSS surface,resulting in anti-adhesion.Furthermore,it was observed for the first time that Al2O3 films could transiently excite discharge along a dielectric surface(DADS)to ablate tissues while suppressing Joule heat,thereby minimising thermal damage.A combination of ex vivo tissue and living mouse experiments demonstrated that the Al2O3@BSS electrodes exhibited optimal comprehensive performance in terms of anti-adhesion,damage minimisation,and drag reduction.In addition,the Al2O3@BSS electrodes possessed remarkable antibacterial efficacy against E.coli and S.aureus.The proposed strategy can meet the extreme application requirements of surgical electrodes to improve operation quality and offer valuable insights for future studies.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB4705600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23A20342,62273331,61925307,and 61821005)+1 种基金the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(No.YSBR-036)the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams.
摘要Treatment of intracranial gliomas has increasingly favored minimally invasive surgery,with a growing focus on leveraging microrobots for efficient drug delivery while overcoming the impact of body fluids.Inspired by honeybee stingers,this study proposed a novel microspike robot.This robot firmly adhered to the tissue surface,enabling direct drug delivery from a hydrogel on its back into the targeted tissue via microspikes.The drug delivery rate was influenced by temperature and could be controlled by an alternating magnetic field.Microrobots could be delivered rapidly through a clinical Ommaya reservoir into the postoperative cavity or ventricle of the skull.The microrobot could be actuated for adhesion and retrieval,with its motion posture and trajectory highly precisely controlled by external magnetic fields.Biological experiments confirmed the excellent biocompatibility and biosafety of the microspike robot and demonstrated its effectiveness in treating gliomas by loading unconventional therapeutic drugs.The proposed microspike robot has significant potential for long-term drug delivery to target gliomas and other future clinical applications.
摘要The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer therapy,and bioimaging.Nature has evolved efficient light-harvesting systems and energy conversion mechanisms,which serve as a benchmark for researchers.However,reproducing such complexity and harnessing it for biomedical applications is a daunting task.It requires a comprehensive understanding of the underlying biological processes and the ability to replicate them synthetically.By utilizing light energy,these photocatalysts can trigger specific chemical reactions,leading to targeted drug release,enhanced tissue regeneration,and precise imaging of biological structures.In this context,addressing the stability,long-term performance,scalability,and costeffectiveness of these materials is crucial for their widespread implementation in biomedical applications.While challenges such as complexity and stability persist,their advantages such as targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine make them a fascinating area of research.The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of existing research,highlighting the advancements,current challenges,advantages,limitations,and future prospects of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts in biomedicine.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52276099,52406219)Graduate Research and Innovation Foundation of Chongqing,China(CYB23034)+2 种基金China Scholarship Council(202406050113)the Australian Research Council(DE230100327)DCCEEW International Clean Innovation Researcher Networks Grant(ICIRN000011)。
摘要Photothermal catalysis utilizing the full solar spectrum to convert CO2and H2O into valuable products holds promise for sustainable energy solutions.However,a major challenge remains in enhancing the photothermal conversion efficiency and carrier mobility of semiconductors like Bi2MoO6,which restricts their catalytic performance.Here,we developed a facile strategy to synthesize vertically grown Bi2MoO6(BMO)nanosheets that mimic a bionic butterfly wing scale structure on a biomass-derived carbon framework(BCF).BCF/BMO exhibits high catalytic activity,achieving a CO yield of 165μmol/(g·h),which is an increase of eight times compared to pristine BMO.The wing scale structured BCF/BMO minimizes sunlight reflection and increases the photothermal conversion temperature.BCF consists of crystalline carbon(sp2-C region)dispersed within amorphous carbon(sp3-C hybridized regions),where the crystalline carbon forms“nano-islands”.The N-C-O-Bi covalent bonds at the S-scheme heterojunction interface of BCF/BMO function as electron bridges,connecting the sp2-C nano-islands and enhancing the multilevel built-in electric field and directional trans-interface transport of carriers.As evidenced by DFT calculation,the rich pyridinic-N on the carbon nano-island can establish strong electron coupling with CO2,thereby accelerating the cleavage of*COOH and facilitating the formation of CO.Biomass waste-derived carbon nano-islands represent advanced amorphous/crystalline phase materials and offer a simple and low-cost strategy to facilitate carrier migration.This study provides deep insights into carrier migration in photocatalysis and offers guidance for designing efficient heterojunctions inspired by biological systems.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52275290 and 51905222)the Research Project of the State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Oscillation(No.MSV202419)+2 种基金Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Basic Theory and Key Technology of Tri-Co Robots(No.92248301)Opening Project of the Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education),Jilin University(No.KF2023006)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.SJCX23_2091)。
摘要This work proposes a bioinspired hierarchical actuation strategy based on liquid crystal elastomers(LCEs),inspired by the helical topological dynamic adaptation mechanism of plant tendrils,to overcome the bottleneck of precise anisotropic control in LCEs.Mechanically pre-programmed hierarchical LCE structures responsive to near-infrared(NIR)light were fabricated:the oriented constrained actuator achieves asymmetric contraction under NIR irradiation,enabling reversible switching between helix and planar morphologies with multi-terrain grasping capability;the biomimetic vine-like helical actuator,composed of Ag nanowire photothermal layers combined with helical LCE,utilizes temperaturegradient-induced phase transition wave propagation to achieve NIR-controlled climbing motion;the M?bius topology actuator realizes reversible deformation or self-locking states by tuning the twist angle(180°/360°);based on these,a bioinspired koala-like concentric soft robot was constructed,successfully demonstrating tree trunk climbing.This study reveals that artificial helical stretching significantly enhances the molecular chain orientation of LCEs(surpassing uniaxial stretching),reaching up to 1000%pre-strain,and the Ag NWs/LCE/PI(Polyimide)tri-layer structure achieves efficient photothermal-mechanical energy conversion via localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR).This study provides a new paradigm for soft robotics material design and topological programming,demonstrating the potential for remote operation and adaptive grasping.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52303380,52025132,52273305,22205185,21621091,22021001,and 22121001)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.20720240041)+3 种基金the 111 Project(Nos.B17027 and B16029)the National Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(No.2022J02059)the Science and Technology Projects of Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(No.RD2022070601)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE。
摘要Excessive Fe3+ ion concentrations in wastewater pose a long-standing threat to human health.Achieving low-cost,high-efficiency quantification of Fe3+ ion concentration in unknown solutions can guide environmental management decisions and optimize water treatment processes.In this study,by leveraging the rapid,real-time detection capabilities of nanopores and the specific chemical binding affinity of tannic acid to Fe3+,a linear relationship between the ion current and Fe3+ ion concentration was established.Utilizing this linear relationship,quantification of Fe3+ ion concentration in unknown solutions was achieved.Furthermore,ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt was employed to displace Fe3+ from the nanopores,allowing them to be restored to their initial conditions and reused for Fe3+ ion quantification.The reusable bioinspired nanopores remain functional over 330 days of storage.This recycling capability and the long-term stability of the nanopores contribute to a significant reduction in costs.This study provides a strategy for the quantification of unknown Fe3+ concentration using nanopores,with potential applications in environmental assessment,health monitoring,and so forth.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22376057,22174048,22274048,22274045,22274047,and 21904039)the Foundation of the Science&Technology Department of Hunan Province(Nos.2023JJ30394 and2023ZJ1123)。
摘要Rapid and robust identification of bacteria is crucial for environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis.Herein,a bioinspired interface-mediated multichannel sensor array was developed based on three-coloremitting antimicrobial functional carbon dots(FCDs)and concanavalin A doped polydopamine nanoparticles(Con A-PDA)for identification of bacteria.In this sensor,the fluorescence intensity of the three FCDs was quenched by the Con A-PDA.Upon addition different types of bacteria,the fluorescence intensity of the three FCDs was restored or further quenched.Recur to statistical analysis methods,it is employed to accurately discriminate 10 types of bacteria(including three probiotics and seven pathogenic bacteria)in natural water samples and human urine samples.The discrimination ability of the sensor array was highly enhanced via different competing binding of the FCDs and the bacteria toward Con A-PDA.The proposed array-based method offers a rapid,high-throughput,and reliable sensing platform for pathogen diagnosis in the field of environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52373119,52475310)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB4701000).
摘要Bioinspired superhydrophobic surfaces have been used for drag reduction.However,the secondary structures and the air cushions on these surfaces could be destructed in a flow,losing the effect of drag reduction.Here,a stainless-steel surface with mushroom-like cross-section(SMC)and diamond cavities(SMCD)having a drag reduction rate up to 19.37%is developed by 3D printing.The concealed re-entrant structures in SMCD prevent the infiltration of water into the chamber and form gas cushions,which converts the sliding friction at liquid-solid interface into rolling friction at liquid-gas interface,realizing the drag reduction.Meanwhile,98.3%of air can be maintained in the chamber in a flow with Reynolds number(Re)of 9×105,ensuring the drag reduction in a high-velocity flow.Moreover,the continuous top stainless-steel surface and the supporting mesh network protect the critical re-entrant structures,ensuring the robustness of SMC.With the bioinspired design and one-step additive manufacturing process,SMC holds great potential for large-area production and applications requiring robust drag reduction.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4601700).
摘要Serving as the initiating explosive devices between the propellant tank and the engines,metal-based rupture diaphragms are widely used in ramjet igniters owing to the advantages provided by their simple structure,small size,and low cost.However,the reliability of rupture pressure directly affects the success of engine ignition and rocket launch,which is mainly influenced by factors like material,structure,and residual thickness of the surface notch of the diaphragm.Among those,the geometry of the notch is easy to define and control when compared to the mechanical parameters of the ruptured diaphragm.Thus,to make the diaphragm rupture(1A30 Al)within the required pressure range(0.4 MPa±3.5%)with highly sensitive and reliability,we draw inspiration from the arthropod’s force-sensitive slit organ which encompasses curved microgrooves to design a Ω-shaped notch for the rupture diaphragm.Finite element analysis is used to study the relationship between the burst pressure and geometric dimension of theΩ-shaped and bioinspired microgroove.Based on that,metal-based rupture diaphragms are fabricated by femtosecond laser processing technology,followed by rupture tests.Experiment results demonstrate that the practical rupture pressure of the diaphragm is highly consistent with the finite element analysis results,which verifies the effectiveness of the bionic design.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFB1715400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52225503)+3 种基金Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant Nos.BE2022069,BE2022069-1)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.NI2024003)National Natural Science Foundation of China for Creative Research Groups(Grant No.51921003)the 15th Batch of“Six Talents Peaks”Innovative Talents Team Program(Grant No.TD-GDZB-001).
摘要After millions of years of natural evolution,horsetails have evolved unique stem structures that enable survival in harsh environments.Inspired by the cross-sectional characteristics of horsetail stems,a series of bioinspired sandwich structures were designed and fabricated using the laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)process.By combining experimental and finite element simulation methods,the formability,mechanical properties,deformation behavior,and thermal conduction performance of these structures were determined.Results show that the surface morphology of the bioinspired sandwich structures was smooth,with no cracks observed.The bioinspired sandwich structure with an inner tube diameter of 1.9 mm(D1.9)exhibited optimal comprehensive mechanical properties,with a specific strength of 64.2 MPa/(g/cm3),and specific energy absorption of 3.3 J/g.Stress distribution results revealed that the D1.9structures had the most uniform stress distribution.Furthermore,increasing the internal conduction paths improved heat transfer;therefore,the thermal conductivities of the D1.4,D1.9,and D2.4structures were higher than that of the D0 structure.This study demonstrates that a bioinspired design approach,combined with additive manufacturing technology,enables the development of high-performance structures with both load-bearing and thermally insulating capabilities.