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Births, economic growth, mortality and murder in a developing country 认领 引用
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作者 Paul A. Bourne 《Health》 2012年第2期46-55,共10页
Background: In 1960, total fertility rate in Jamaica was 5.6 children per woman which declined by 57.5% in 2008. The reduction in fertility is primarily attributable to contraceptive measures;but murder and other sele... Background: In 1960, total fertility rate in Jamaica was 5.6 children per woman which declined by 57.5% in 2008. The reduction in fertility is primarily attributable to contraceptive measures;but murder and other selected macroeconomic variables have never been included in the literature. Objectives: This study examines murder, mortality, and selected macroeconomic variables are factors of births, using data for Jamaica from 1989-2009. Methods: The study is a secondary data analysis of statistics on Jamaica from 1989 - 2009 but also includes data on births from 1900s. Find- ings: In the decade of the 1950s, births increased by 79.9% over the decade of 1900s, grew by 22.4% in the 1960s over the previous decade and declined by 17.6% in 2000s compared with the 1990s. Four emerged as statistically significant predictors of lnbirth—inflation, GDP per capita growth, mortality and murder, with an explanatory power of 90.6%—F = 19.291, P s = 0.962), when murder was excluded and replaced by annual exchange rate, the factors influencing lnbirth was exchange rate, inflation, unemployment, GDP per capita growth and mortality—all factors account for 92.2% of the variability in lnbirth—F = 30.572, P < 0.0001. Conclusion: Murder is more that a crime it is a cause of birth decline, suggesting that public health practitioners as well as epidemiologists must take this factor into account as it is a birth determinant. 展开更多
关键词 Births Fertility Fertility Rates Murder Mortality Poverty GDP Growth Inflation Exchange Rate Jamaica
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More Than Eight Million Births Averted In Shandong 认领 引用
2
《China Population Today》 1998年第4期20-20,共1页
TheefectiveimplementationofShandongFamilyPlanningRegulations，formulatedandputintoefectin1987，hasbeenhighlysucesful．People’sco...
关键词 In Shandong Births Eight Million More Averted
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A Village Known for Extra Births 认领 引用
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《China Population Today》 1998年第3期11-11,共1页
AVilageKnownforExtraBirthsPopulationgrowthwasoutofcontrolinBaimiaoVilage，BaimiaoTown，LinquanCounty，AnhuiProvince，becausethefa...
关键词 Known Village Births Extra
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Maternal risk factors for low birth weight for term births in a developed region in China:a hospital-based study of 55,633 pregnancies 认领 引用 被引量：6
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作者 Yihua Bian Zhan Zhang +2 位作者 Qiao Liu Di Wu Shoulin Wang 《Journal of Biomedical Research》 CAS 2013年第1期14-22,共9页
Low birth weight （LBW） is an important risk factor for neonatal and infant mortality and morbidity in adults.. How- ever, no large scale study on the prevalence of LBW and related maternal risk factors in China has ... Low birth weight （LBW） is an important risk factor for neonatal and infant mortality and morbidity in adults.. How- ever, no large scale study on the prevalence of LBW and related maternal risk factors in China has been published. To explore the effects of maternal factors on LBW for term birth in China, we conducted a hospital-based retrospective study of 55, 633 Chinese pregnancy cases between 2001 and 2008. Maternal sociodemographic data, history of infer- tility and contraceptive use were obtained. Their medical status and diseases during pre-pregnancy were examined by physical examination at the first antenatal care visit. Maternal medical status before childbirth and pregnancy outcomes, including body weight, infant gender, multiple pregnancy and congenital anomalies, were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression, and linear regression were used to investigate the relationship be- tween maternal factors and term LBW. The general incidence of term LBW was 1.70% in the developed area of China. After preliminary analysis using the univariate model, low primary education, anemia, hypertensive disor- ders, placental previa, oligohydramnios and premature rupture of membrane were predicted as independent factors of term LBW in the multivariate model. Furthermore, the decrease in annual frquencies of these risk factors were major causes of gradual decline in the incidence of LBW （from 2.43% in 2001 to 1.21% in 2008）. The study dem- onstrated that among maternal factors, primary education, anemia and hypertensive disorders could contribute to LBW for term birth even in the most developed area of China. 展开更多
关键词 maternal factors low birth weight （LBW） hypertensive disorders multivariate regression analysis
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A Prosperous Cooperative with Fewer Births 认领 引用
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《China Population Today》 1994年第4期14-15,共2页
Nonglian Village of Sheyang County,Yancheng City.Jiangsu Province has 454 families(1,460 people)and 356 women of childbearing age.In the past,the village was povcrty-stricken and plagued with unwanted births.Between 1... Nonglian Village of Sheyang County,Yancheng City.Jiangsu Province has 454 families(1,460 people)and 356 women of childbearing age.In the past,the village was povcrty-stricken and plagued with unwanted births.Between 1980 and 1990.more than 100 unplanned children were bom. 展开更多
关键词 A Prosperous Cooperative with Fewer Births
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Live births from in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer following the administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist without gonadotropins:Two case reports 认领 引用
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作者 Mai Li Ping Su Li-Ming Zhou 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2023年第9期2067-2073,共7页
BACKGROUND The prevalence of female infertility between the ages of 25 and 44 is 3.5%to 16.7%in developed countries and 6.9%to 9.3%in developing countries.This means that infertility affects one in six couples and is ... BACKGROUND The prevalence of female infertility between the ages of 25 and 44 is 3.5%to 16.7%in developed countries and 6.9%to 9.3%in developing countries.This means that infertility affects one in six couples and is recognized by the World Health Organization as the fifth most serious global disability.The International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology reported that the global total of babies born as a result of assisted reproductive technology procedures and other advanced fertility treatments is more than 8 million.Advancements in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation procedures led to crucial accomplishments in human fertility treatments.The European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology guideline on ovarian stimulation gave us valuable evidence-based recommendations to optimize ovarian stimulation in assisted reproductive technology.Conventional ovarian stimulation protocols for in vitro fertilization(IVF)–embryo transfer are based upon the administration of gonadotropins combined with gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)analogues,either GnRH agonists(GnRHa)or antagonists.The development of ovarian cysts requires the combination of GnRHa and gonadotropins for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.However,in rare cases patients may develop an ovarian hyper response after administration of GnRHa alone.CASE SUMMARY Here,two case studies were conducted.In the first case,a 33-year-old female diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome presented for her first IVF cycle at our reproductive center.Fourteen days after triptorelin acetate was administrated(day 18 of her menstrual cycle),bilateral ovaries presented polycystic manifestations.The patient was given 5000 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin.Twenty-two oocytes were obtained,and eight embryos formed.Two blastospheres were transferred in the frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycle,and the patient was impregnated.In the second case,a 37-year-old woman presented to the reproductive center for her first donor IVF cycle.Fourteen days after GnRHa administration,the transvaginal ultrasound revealed six follicles measuring 17-26 mm in the bilateral ovaries.The patient was given 10000 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin.Three oocytes were obtained,and three embryos formed.Two high-grade embryos were transferred in the frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycle,and the patient was impregnated.CONCLUSION These two special cases provide valuable knowledge through our experience.We hypothesize that oocyte retrieval can be an alternative to cycle cancellation in these conditions.Considering the high progesterone level in most cases of this situation,we advocate freezing embryos after oocyte retrieval rather than fresh embryo transfer. 展开更多
关键词 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist Ovarian hyperstimulation In vitro fertilization Live birth Infertility Frozen-thawed embryo transfer Human chorionic gonadotropin Case report
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Role of Vaginal Progesterone in Prevention of Preterm Labor in Women with Previous History of One or More Previous Preterm Births 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Ahmed Mahmoud Abdou 《Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology》 2018年第4期329-337,共9页
Objective: To evaluate whether prophylactic administration of 200 mg vaginal progesterone can reduce the incidence of preterm birth in women with documented history of preterm birth Setting: Obstetrics and Gynecology ... Objective: To evaluate whether prophylactic administration of 200 mg vaginal progesterone can reduce the incidence of preterm birth in women with documented history of preterm birth Setting: Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Zagazig University Hospital, Egypt. Methods: Ninety patients with previous history of preterm birth prior to 37 week presenting with singleton pregnancy between 20 - 24 weeks were randomly allocated to receive either the progesterone 200 mg vaginal suppository or no treatment. Results: The incidence of preterm labor before 37 weeks of gestation was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (22.2% vs. 53.3%) especially in earlier gestational ages. While, the mean birth weight was significantly higher in the study group than in control group (2872.67 ± 565.76 gm vs. 2487.78 ± 742.40 gm). The neonatal morbidities and mortality associated with preterm labor were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group as shown by lower incidence of neonatal RDS (13.3% vs. 31.1%;P = 0.043) and lower incidence of the need for NICU admission (15.6% vs. 35.5%;P = 0.03). Conclusion: Administration of prophylactic vaginal progesterone (200 mg, daily) can significantly reduce the rate of preterm birth before 37, 32 and 28 wks of gestation among women with previous spontaneous preterm birth. In addition, the rates of RDS and admission to NICU were significantly decreased among infants of women assigned to progesterone treatment. Also, there was an additional benefit of vaginal progesterone for prevention of preterm birth in women who had prior spontaneous preterm birth and cervical length 25 mm. 展开更多
关键词 Preterm Birth Preterm Labor Vaginal Progesterone
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Do Protease Inhibitors Increase Preterm Births in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients? 认领 引用
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作者 Shauna F. Williams Bart Holland +3 位作者 Ulas Bozdogan Jesus R. Alvarez Joseph J. Apuzzio Arlene D. Bardeguez 《Advances in Infectious Diseases》 CAS 2013年第3期172-176,共5页
Objective: To compare preterm delivery (PTD) rates in HIV-infected patients on a protease inhibitor (PI)-based and a PI-sparing regimen. Study Design: This is a retrospective review of records of HIV-infected pregnant... Objective: To compare preterm delivery (PTD) rates in HIV-infected patients on a protease inhibitor (PI)-based and a PI-sparing regimen. Study Design: This is a retrospective review of records of HIV-infected pregnant women between 2000 and 2007 at University Hospital, Newark, NJ. Patients were grouped according to PI exposure during pregnancy. Rates of preterm birth were compared, and the analysis was performed irrespectively of the etiology or indication of the preterm birth. Multivariate analysis including substance use, PI use, initial CD4 count, and history of PTD was performed. Results: There were 129 pregnant women in the PI group and 59 in the PI-sparing group. The PTD rate did not differ between the PI group and PI-sparing group (27.9% vs 25.4%, P = 0.72). 28.6% of those who delivered preterm had a previous PTD compared to 8.4% of those who delivered at term (P = 0.0019). Patients who delivered preterm had a higher rate of substance use (37.3% vs 19.7%, P = 0.0128). In the multivariate analysis, only history of PTD was significant (P = 0.018). Conclusion: Contrary to other studies, PIs were not associated with PTD. Other known risk factors of PTD, specifically past PTD and substance use, should be considered and targeted for risk reduction during pregnancy. 展开更多
关键词 HIV Pregnancy Preterm Birth Protease Inhibitors
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Comparative Analysis of Variations in Human Sex Ratios of Live Births Among African Populations and at Global Levels 认领 引用
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作者 Hadgu Bariagaber Mpho Keetile 《Sociology Study》 2016年第12期754-765,共12页
Definition： The final net live birth delivery from the mother＇s womb, with distinct male and female genetic traits, forms a ratioof male live births per 100 female live births, termed as Sex Ratio at Birth （SRB）. ... Definition： The final net live birth delivery from the mother＇s womb, with distinct male and female genetic traits, forms a ratioof male live births per 100 female live births, termed as Sex Ratio at Birth （SRB）. Study areas and source of data： The studyareas are Africa and major worldwide continents and countries. The basic data are compiled from the National Populationand Housing Censuses, Demographic Sample Surveys, Demographic and Health Surveys, and Vital Registration Systems.Analytical approaches： The factors influencing the variations in SRB are identified by reviewing various documents, analysisof variance （ANOVA） techniques, and statistical measures of central tendency and dispersion. Results： The ratios areconsistently higher for advanced countries than the developing countries, with highest for China and India. The ANOVAresults show slight differences among the S0 African countries but show differences among the African regional states,whereas the standard deviation of the SRB among the advanced countries, including some Asian and Latin Americancountries shows non-significant variations. In conclusion, the mean SRB for African populations is 103 as against 106 forother countries. 展开更多
关键词 Live birth, sex ratio, factors, variations, ANOVA, standard deviation
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Drone uncovers a new clue to white shark births 认领 引用
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作者 孙启禄 《疯狂英语（新策略）》 2025年第10期35-38,78,79,共4页
Despite the vast amount of time and money people have invested in studying and filming great white sharks,no one has ever seen one being born.However,new footage from California might offer a thrilling glimpse into th... Despite the vast amount of time and money people have invested in studying and filming great white sharks,no one has ever seen one being born.However,new footage from California might offer a thrilling glimpse into this unknown world.On July 9,2023,filmmaker Carlos Gauna and biologist Phillip Sternes were using a drone to track sharks off the coast of Santa Barbara.They had already filmed several larger great white sharks when something truly unexpected emerged from the water.“Near the end of the day,this oddly⁃looking white shark showed up,and we were both over the moon,”says Sternes. 展开更多
关键词 California Santa Barbara track sharks footage great white sharksno drone birth great white sharks
Predictive performance of cervical elastography for preterm birth:A head-to-head network meta-analysis 认领 引用
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作者 Hui-Ping Zhang Na Li +1 位作者 Fan Li Yu-Qing Zhou 《World Journal of Radiology》 2026年第5期77-87,共11页
BACKGROUND Early detection of cervical remodeling is vital for predicting preterm birth(PTB).Conventional morphologic indices,such as cervical length(CL)and anterior cervical angle(ACA),demonstrate limited diagnostic ... BACKGROUND Early detection of cervical remodeling is vital for predicting preterm birth(PTB).Conventional morphologic indices,such as cervical length(CL)and anterior cervical angle(ACA),demonstrate limited diagnostic accuracy.Elastic imaging of the cervix(E-cervix)elastography offers functional biomechanical insights by quantifying cervical strain and stiffness.However,a systematic comparison of its diverse parameters alongside traditional indices is currently lacking.Identifying the most effective ultrasound-based markers is essential for improving midtrimester risk stratification and facilitating timely clinical interventions to improve perinatal outcomes.AIM To evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of E-cervix parameters,CL,and ACA for PTB.METHODS PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,and Wanfang Data were searched up to December 1,2025.Studies reporting diagnostic accuracy of E-cervix parameters,CL,or ACA for PTB were included.A Bayesian network meta-analysis estimated pooled sensitivity,specificity,and diagnostic odds ratios(DOR).The comparative performance was ranked using the advantage index.Heterogeneity was assessed via Cochran’s Q and I2 statistics,with meta-regression exploring potential modifiers.RESULTS Fifteen studies involving 1965 pregnancies(570 PTB cases)were included.The multi-parametric combined model demonstrated the highest diagnostic performance,with an area under the curve of 0.91,sensitivity of 0.83,specificity of 0.83,and a DOR of 26.23.Among individual parameters,ACA(DOR:13.65)and the E-cervix hardness ratio(DOR:7.71)significantly outperformed conventional CL(DOR:3.58).Subgroup analysis revealed that the combined model was particularly effective in singleton pregnancies(sensitivity:0.837,specificity:0.882).No significant publication bias was detected except for elasticity contrast index.CONCLUSION E-cervix elastography provides superior diagnostic value compared to conventional CL measurement.The integration of biomechanical and morphological data via multi-parametric models offers the most precise risk stratification for PTB. 展开更多
关键词 Preterm birth Cervical length Cervical elastography Elastic imaging of the cervix Hardness ratio Network metaanalysis
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Sex-specific Associations of Prenatal Exposure to Legacy and Emerging PFAS with Fetal Anogenital Distance:A Study based on the Jiashan Birth Cohort 认领 引用
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作者 Yanmei Wu Mingzhu Wu +5 位作者 Hong Liang Jianya Xi Honglei Ji Maohua Miao Hongkai Zhu Jingchuan Xue 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第4期486-492,共7页
Perfluorinated/polyfluorinated substances(PFAS)are synthetic organic compounds widely used in over 200 industrial and consumer applications since the 1950s.In recent years,numerous emerging PFAS alternatives such as h... Perfluorinated/polyfluorinated substances(PFAS)are synthetic organic compounds widely used in over 200 industrial and consumer applications since the 1950s.In recent years,numerous emerging PFAS alternatives such as hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid(HFPO-DA,GenX),4,8-dioxa-3Hperfluorononanoic acid,and 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate(6:2 Cl-PFESA,F-53B)have replaced restricted legacy PFAS.However,the environmental and human health effects of these alternatives remain poorly understood.Since they are resistant to degradation,these persistent compounds have been detected globally in water,soil,dust,and biological samples from wildlife,marine organisms,and humans.The detection of PFAS in maternal blood,umbilical cord blood,amniotic fluid,and breast milk raises concerns that humans may be exposed to these chemicals during vulnerable fetal developmental stages[1]. 展开更多
关键词 legacy pfas perfluorinated substances emerging pfas fetal anogenital distance synthetic organic compounds prenatal exposure hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid jiashan birth cohort
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Pregnancy and live birth rates in ART cycles and their determinants: A retrospective cohort study 认领 引用
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作者 Chandan V Salunke Shravani K.S Parker +1 位作者 Ameet A Naik Abhijit J Kamat 《Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction》 CAS 2026年第2期75-81,共7页
Objective:To identify predictors of pregnancy and live birth outcomes in assisted reproductive technology(ART)cycles based on patient characteristics,hormonal profile,and embryo transfer variables.Methods:This retrosp... Objective:To identify predictors of pregnancy and live birth outcomes in assisted reproductive technology(ART)cycles based on patient characteristics,hormonal profile,and embryo transfer variables.Methods:This retrospective cohort study included 50 fresh in vitro fertilization(IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)cycles selected from ART participants at a single tertiary ART center.Controlled ovarian stimulation was performed using recombinant follicle stimulating hormone(rFSH),gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)antagonist,and menotropins;oocyte retrieval occurred 36 h after trigger and embryo transfer was performed on day 3 or 5.Outcomes(chemical pregnancy,ongoing pregnancy,abortion,live birth)were compared across groups stratified by maternal age,antral follicle count(AFC),anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH),baseline luteinizing hormone(LH),estradiol(E2)at trigger,and endometrial thickness.Multivariate regression was used to identify independent predictors of live birth.Results:A total of 124 ART patients were screened during the study period,of whom 50 participants meeting the eligibility criteria were included in the final analysis.The median age of the participants was 35.8 years[interquartile range(IQR)32.5–39.6].The median AFC was 8(IQR 4–14),AMH level was 1.4 ng/mL(IQR 0.7–2.9),and the median endometrial thickness at embryo transfer was 10.2 mm(IQR 9.0–11.3).Chemical,ongoing,abortion,and live birth rates were 62%,32%,12%,and 16%,respectively.Younger maternal age(12),AMH 1–4 ng/mL,and endometrial thickness≥10 mm were associated with more favorable pregnancy outcomes.In multivariate analysis,higher baseline LH(β=0.089;95%CI 0.017–0.162;P=0.02)and greater endometrial thickness(β=0.145;95%CI 0.011–0.278;P=0.04)independently predicted live birth,whereas age,AFC,AMH,and E2 did not.Conclusions:Maternal age,ovarian reserve markers,LH levels,and endometrial thickness collectively influence ART outcomes.Baseline LH and endometrial receptivity are key independent predictors of live birth and may guide individualized treatment strategies. 展开更多
关键词 Assisted reproductive technology Live birth Ovarian reserve Endometrial thickness Luteinizing hormone
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Effect of hyaluronic acid-enriched transfer medium on pregnancy outcomes in frozen embryo transfer cycles:A retrospective study 认领 引用
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作者 Huy Phuong Tran Ngoc Thanh Truong +4 位作者 Tuyet Thi-Diem Hoang Ha Le-Bao Tran Vy Nguyen-Thao Do Quan Van Pham Trang Nguyen-Khanh Huynh 《Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction》 CAS 2026年第3期140-146,共7页
Objective:To compare pregnancy outcomes between a hyaluronic acid(HA)-enriched transfer medium and a conventional HA-free transfer medium in frozen embryo transfer cycles.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort st... Objective:To compare pregnancy outcomes between a hyaluronic acid(HA)-enriched transfer medium and a conventional HA-free transfer medium in frozen embryo transfer cycles.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study at Hung Vuong Hospital including frozen embryo transfer(FET)cycles performed between May 2023 and February 2025.Cycles were classified according to the transfer medium used:HA-enriched EmbryoGlue(EG)versus Continuous Single Culture-NX Complete(CSCM-NXC).Outcomes included positive human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG),clinical pregnancy,ongoing pregnancy,live birth,and pregnancy loss.Results:A total of 840 FET cycles were analyzed(EG,n=445;CSCM-NXC,n=395).Pregnancy outcomes were comparable between groups.Use of EG was not associated with higher rates of positive hCG(40.67% vs.41.77%)or live birth(27.87%vs.28.86%).Adjusted analyses similarly showed that transfer medium type was not associated with positive hCG[adjusted odds ratios(aOR)0.92,95%CI 0.69-1.22]or live birth(aOR 0.92,95% CI 0.67-1.25).Conclusions:In this retrospective cohort,use of an HA-enriched transfer medium was not associated with improved pregnancy outcomes in FET cycles. 展开更多
关键词 In vitro fertilization Frozen embryo transfer Hyaluronic acid Pregnancy outcomes EmbryoGlue Embryo transfer medium Live birth Clinical pregnancy
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Vaping during pregnancy and its impact on neonatal outcomes:A systematic review and meta-analysis 认领 引用
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作者 Maneeth Mylavarapu Sree Mahathi Chavali +3 位作者 Ananya D Buddharaju Sruthi Veldurthy Pratyusha Cheruvu Abhinav G Parikh 《World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics》 2026年第1期296-304,共9页
BACKGROUND Vaping during pregnancy is becoming more prevalent,with nearly 7%of individuals using e-cigarettes.This increase may result from tobacco companies targeting younger users with e-cigarette marketing,similar ... BACKGROUND Vaping during pregnancy is becoming more prevalent,with nearly 7%of individuals using e-cigarettes.This increase may result from tobacco companies targeting younger users with e-cigarette marketing,similar to their strategies with traditional tobacco.While e-cigarette use continues to rise,evidence regarding its effects on neonatal outcomes remains inconsistent.AIM To examine research on the connection between vaping during pregnancy and negative neonatal outcomes,exploring the potential adverse effects.METHODS According to PRISMA guidelines,we conducted a thorough review of studies from PubMed/MEDLINE,Google Scholar,Scopus,EMBASE,and Web of Science for eligible studies that reported on vaping during pregnancy and its effects on neonatal outcomes,including low birth weight(LBW),preterm birth(PTB),and small for gestational age(SGA).We utilized binary random-effects models to estimate pooled odds ratios(OR)and 95%confidence intervals(CI).A P value of≤0.05 was deemed statistically significant.RESULTS A total of 14 studies with 523273 pregnant women were included in the analysis.Of them,3840(0.7%)vaped during pregnancy.In comparison to pregnant women who did not vape,neonates born to those who vaped had significantly higher odds of LBW(OR:1.60;95%CI:1.23-2.09;P=0.0005)and SGA(OR:1.73;95%CI:1.34-2.22;P<0.0001),as well as higher odds of PTB(OR:1.95;95%CI:0.74-5.14;P=0.17).CONCLUSION Vaping during pregnancy is significantly associated with adverse neonatal outcomes,LBW,and SGA,emphasizing the potential risks of vaping during pregnancy and highlighting the necessity for public health initiatives to increase awareness and develop preventive strategies. 展开更多
关键词 Vaping Neonatal outcomes Low birth weight Small for gestational age Preterm birth Meta-analysis
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Maternal and neonatal determinants of newborn sepsis:A casecontrol study in resource-limited settings 认领 引用
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作者 Mohd Asif Qureshi Mangla Sood +1 位作者 Pratima Thakur Ishaan Sood 《World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics》 2026年第1期85-93,共9页
BACKGROUND Neonatal sepsis continues to remain a serious threat,with multiple maternal and neonatal risk factors.Understanding these determinants will empower clinicians in comparable settings to apply targeted interv... BACKGROUND Neonatal sepsis continues to remain a serious threat,with multiple maternal and neonatal risk factors.Understanding these determinants will empower clinicians in comparable settings to apply targeted interventions,ultimately reducing newborn morbidity and mortality.AIM To assess maternal and infant risk factors,the aim is to develop evidence-based strategies for preventing neonatal sepsis.METHODS A total of 453 neonates and their mothers were enrolled,of which 146 were cases.Clinical,demographic,and obstetric data were analyzed including maternal infection history,delivery conditions,neonatal characteristics,and respiratory support requirements.Statistical associations were assessed using multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine independent risk factors.RESULTS Male sex(adjusted odd ratio[AOR]=1.9;95%confidence interval[CI]:1.03-3.5),forceps-assisted vaginal delivery(AOR=3.4;95%CI:1.1-14.9),fewer than four antenatal care visits(AOR=2.9;95%CI:1.4-6.5),prolonged labor>24 hours(AOR=6.2;95%CI:2.8-17),rupture of membranes>18 hours(AOR=3.0;95%CI:1.6-6.8),and maternal urinary tract infection(AOR=3.5;95%CI:2.4-29.4)significantly increased neonatal sepsis risk.Unclean vaginal examinations(AOR=4.2;95%CI:1.6-11)and foul-smelling amniotic fluid(AOR=10.3;95%CI:1.9-56.4)were among the strongest risk factors.Among neonatal factors prematurity(AOR=4.3;95%CI:2.8-6.6),low birth weight≤1500 g(AOR=3.6;95%CI:2.2-5.7),birth asphyxia(AOR=4.3;95%CI:2.4-7.6),and small-for-gestational-age status(AOR=2.1;95%CI:1.1-4)were significant predictors.Respiratory support showed a strong correlation,with surfactant administration(AOR=9.7;95%CI:4.1-22.9),continuous positive airway pressure(AOR=15.4;95%CI:9.4-25.1),and invasive ventilation(AOR=53;95%CI:12.7-89)as the highest risk factors.Extended newborn intensive care unit stays(>7 days:AOR=38.9;>15 days:AOR=30)further elevated the likelihood of sepsis,likely due to nosocomial exposure.CONCLUSION The findings highlight the importance of enhanced prenatal care,timely labor management,strict hygiene protocols,and focused neonatal monitoring to reduce neonatal sepsis incidence.Addressing modifiable risk factors,including maternal infections and respiratory interventions,could significantly improve neonatal outcomes in resource-limited settings. 展开更多
关键词 Infant Low birth weight Newborn Neonatal sepsis Noninvasive ventilation Sepsis Risk
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Lifelong cognitive and motor outcomes after being born small for gestational age or with fetal growth restriction 认领 引用
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作者 Gemma Chavarria Ventura Harrigan Ryan +3 位作者 Hai-Nian Yu Kirat Kishore Chand Paul Bernard Colditz Julie Anne Wixey 《World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics》 2026年第2期125-140,共16页
Children born with fetal growth restriction(FGR)or small for gestational age(SGA)face an increased risk of motor and cognitive impairments,although prevalence and severity vary across studies due to differences in def... Children born with fetal growth restriction(FGR)or small for gestational age(SGA)face an increased risk of motor and cognitive impairments,although prevalence and severity vary across studies due to differences in definitions,assessment methods,and population characteristics.In recent years,advances in technology and clinical awareness have led to a growing body of research on the relationship between fetal growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes.This mini-review synthesises recent findings on the impact of SGA and FGR on neurodevelopment in preterm and term infants across the lifespan.Three databases were screened to identify original studies published between 2020 and 2025 with 40 studies meeting the selection criteria.Evidence suggests that children born SGA or with FGR are at higher risk of cognitive impairments,which may persist into later life;however,results from some preterm cohorts do not show significant associations.Findings on sensory and behavioural outcomes are limited and heterogeneous,reflecting the fewer studies that have addressed these domains.Regarding motor outcomes,reports on cerebral palsy remain inconsistent,with some studies suggesting no increased risk.In contrast,broader evaluations of motor function consistently indicate a higher prevalence,particularly among term-born cohorts.Together,these findings highlight the need for refined definitions,standardised assessment tools,and longitudinal studies to clarify the developmental trajectories of children born with growth complications and to guide early interventions. 展开更多
关键词 Small for gestational age Fetal growth restriction Preterm birth Cerebral palsy Neurodevelopmental impairments
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Effects of greenness on preterm birth: A national longitudinal study of 3.7 million singleton births 认领 引用 被引量：6
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作者 Lina Zhang Shuyan Shi +17 位作者 Shenpeng Wu Ying Yang Jihong Xu Ya Zhang Qiaomei Wang Haiping Shen Yiping Zhang Donghai Yan Zuoqi Peng Cong Liu Weidong Wang Yixuan Jiang Su Shi Renjie Chen Haidong Kan Yuan He Xia Meng Xu Ma 《The Innovation》 2022年第3期57-63,共7页
Exposure to greenness may lead to a wide range of beneficial health outcomes.However,the effects of greenness on preterm birth(PTB)are inconsistent,and limited studies have focused on the subcategories of PTB.A total ... Exposure to greenness may lead to a wide range of beneficial health outcomes.However,the effects of greenness on preterm birth(PTB)are inconsistent,and limited studies have focused on the subcategories of PTB.A total of 3,751,672 singleton births from a national birth cohort in China's Mainland were included in this study.Greenness was estimated using the satellitebased Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)and Enhanced Vegetation Index with 500-m and 1,000-m buffers around participants’addresses.The subcategories of PTB(20-36 weeks)included extremely PTB(EPTB,20-27 weeks). 展开更多
关键词 mainland birth inconsistent
Trends in the Prevalence of Births with Chromosomal Abnormalities—Haidian District,Beijing Municipality,China,2013–2022 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Shuangbo Xia Chao Meng +5 位作者 Xiao Cheng Duoduo Wang Yaxian Wu Zhiwen Li Yuan Wei Jufen Liu 《China CDC weekly》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第36期791-796,共6页
Summary What is already known about this topic?The primary causes of early miscarriage and stillbirth are chromosomal abnormalities(CAs)whose prevalence has been observed to increase in recent years.What is added by t... Summary What is already known about this topic?The primary causes of early miscarriage and stillbirth are chromosomal abnormalities(CAs)whose prevalence has been observed to increase in recent years.What is added by this report?According to data received from a hospital-based birthdefect surveillance system in the Haidian District,Beijing,there was a significant increase in the prevalence of CAs along with most subtypes from 2013 to 2022. 展开更多
关键词 Beijing District birth
The Impact of New Adjustments to the Family Planning Policy on the Number of Live Births in Four Developed Urban Areas—China,2013−2019 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Aiqun Huang Yanhui Liu Xi Jin 《China CDC weekly》 SCIE 2020年第28期530-533,共4页
What is already known on this topic?Due to shifting circumstances in China,the government has adjusted the child-bearing policy to allow couples to have a second child.This has affected the total number of live births... What is already known on this topic?Due to shifting circumstances in China,the government has adjusted the child-bearing policy to allow couples to have a second child.This has affected the total number of live births,especially in more developed urban areas.What is added by this report?The total number of live births in the 4 monitoring cities including Chengdu,Wuhan,Shenzhen,and Beijing during 2014–2019 increased by 33.0%,20.3%,10.7%,and 8.2%,respectively.From 2014 to 2017,the proportion of total live births that were policy related increased in each city:Chengdu(2.0%to 35.0%),Wuhan(1.0%to 25.1%),Shenzhen(0.6%to 39.4%),and Beijing(3.1%to 30.2%).What are the implications for public health practice?Our results showed that the implementation of the new adjusted family planning policy alleviated the downward trends in total live births and is unlikely to lead a baby boom as estimated by previous studies. 展开更多
关键词 policy shifting birth
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