The original intention of Model Predictive Control(MPC)was to bridge the gap between advanced control theories and the application of complex practical engineering systems.Since its emergence in the 1970s,it has been ...The original intention of Model Predictive Control(MPC)was to bridge the gap between advanced control theories and the application of complex practical engineering systems.Since its emergence in the 1970s,it has been one of the core technologies in the Advanced Process Control(APC)system.Owing to its receding horizon optimization mechanism and capability to handle constraints,MPC has consistently attracted attention from both academia and industry,and has been successfully applied in numerous industries such as petrochemicals,metallurgy,pharmaceuticals,electric power,water treatment,and power electronics.According to statistics from the International Federation of Automatic Control and industrial data,MPC has been deployed in some form in more than 50% of large-scale industrial control systems worldwide.展开更多
Dear Editor,The crafted generalized replay attacks(GRAs)can bypass traditional multiplicative watermarking(MW)-based active detection in networked control systems(NCSs),which will seriously destroy system stability or...Dear Editor,The crafted generalized replay attacks(GRAs)can bypass traditional multiplicative watermarking(MW)-based active detection in networked control systems(NCSs),which will seriously destroy system stability or even crash.To address this problem,this letter proposes a novel secure control method by using MW-based detection and data compensation.First,the limitation of traditional MW-based detection method is analysed,and a novel MW-based active detection scheme is proposed by adding an irreversible watermarking detection unit.Then,according to the detection result,an online data compensation scheme based on cubic spline interpolation algorithm is provided,and the maximum allowed attack rate of GRAs is given to maintain the exponential stability of NCSs.Finally,experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
THE power industrial control system(power ICS)is thecore infrastructure that ensures the safe,stable,and efficient operation of power systems.Its architecture typi-cally adopts a hierarchical and partitioned end-edge-...THE power industrial control system(power ICS)is thecore infrastructure that ensures the safe,stable,and efficient operation of power systems.Its architecture typi-cally adopts a hierarchical and partitioned end-edge-cloud collaborative design.However,the large-scale integration ofdistributed renewable energy resources,coupled with the extensivedeployment of sensing and communication devices,has resulted inthe new-type power system characterized by dynamic complexityand high uncertainty[1]-[4].展开更多
Learning-based control is an important advancement in intelligent control theory,integrating data-driven learning,feedback optimization,and complex system control.In modern industrial applications,it is widely deploye...Learning-based control is an important advancement in intelligent control theory,integrating data-driven learning,feedback optimization,and complex system control.In modern industrial applications,it is widely deployed in robotic manipulation,autonomous driving,power electronics,and process industries.Given that real-world systems are frequently subject to unknown dynamics,strong nonlinearities,and external disturbances,traditional model-based approaches often fail to ensure high precision,robustness,and adaptive optimization,leading to performance degradation or even instability.Learning-based control has received significant attention,as it can overcome the challenges faced by modelbased control.This paper presents a review of learning-based control techniques.First,learning-based control problems are formulated for nonlinear dynamic systems.Second,this paper overviews three typical categories of learning-based control methods including model-informed learning-based control,model-free learning-based control,and integrated learning-based control,with particular attention to their theoretical foundations and algorithmic implementations.Third,the applications of each learning-based control method across different engineering domains are discussed.Finally,this paper concludes by outlining future research directions.展开更多
The increasing interconnection of modern industrial control systems(ICSs)with the Internet has enhanced operational efficiency,but alsomade these systemsmore vulnerable to cyberattacks.This heightened exposure has dri...The increasing interconnection of modern industrial control systems(ICSs)with the Internet has enhanced operational efficiency,but alsomade these systemsmore vulnerable to cyberattacks.This heightened exposure has driven a growing need for robust ICS security measures.Among the key defences,intrusion detection technology is critical in identifying threats to ICS networks.This paper provides an overview of the distinctive characteristics of ICS network security,highlighting standard attack methods.It then examines various intrusion detection methods,including those based on misuse detection,anomaly detection,machine learning,and specialised requirements.This paper concludes by exploring future directions for developing intrusion detection systems to advance research and ensure the continued security and reliability of ICS operations.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter proposes a reinforcement learning-based predictive learning algorithm for unknown continuous-time nonlinear systems with observation loss.Firstly,we construct a temporal nonzero-sum game over p...Dear Editor,This letter proposes a reinforcement learning-based predictive learning algorithm for unknown continuous-time nonlinear systems with observation loss.Firstly,we construct a temporal nonzero-sum game over predictive control input sequences,deriving multiple optimal predictive control input sequences from its solution.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter deals with the formation control problem of a multiagent system that moves along a closed curve and is subject to position constraints.A distributed formation control law is developed under whi...Dear Editor,This letter deals with the formation control problem of a multiagent system that moves along a closed curve and is subject to position constraints.A distributed formation control law is developed under which the position constraint of each agent can always be satisfied.Due to the existence of position constraints,prescribed formations generally cannot be achieved by the agents.展开更多
This paper presents a model-free adaptive fuzzy control(MFAFC)scheme for discrete-time Takagi-Sugeno(T-S)fuzzy systems with local nonlinear models.First,the T-S fuzzy system is transformed into a linearized model usin...This paper presents a model-free adaptive fuzzy control(MFAFC)scheme for discrete-time Takagi-Sugeno(T-S)fuzzy systems with local nonlinear models.First,the T-S fuzzy system is transformed into a linearized model using a dynamic linearization technique.Then,a model-free adaptive control scheme is developed for T-S fuzzy systems.Next,a rigorous convergence analysis of the tracking error is carried out using the contraction mapping theory.Finally,to validate the theoretical results,the scheme is tested by two numerical simulations and a mass-spring damper mechanical system.The results show that the proposed MFAFC strategy is effective in ensuring that the system output tracks the desired trajectory.展开更多
To address the finite-time tracking control problem for fractional-order nonlinear systems(FONSs) with actuator faults and external disturbance,a novel strategy of the finite-time adaptive fuzzy fault-tolerant control...To address the finite-time tracking control problem for fractional-order nonlinear systems(FONSs) with actuator faults and external disturbance,a novel strategy of the finite-time adaptive fuzzy fault-tolerant controller is presented in this paper by utilizing the finite-time stability theory and fractional-order dynamic surface control scheme combined with backstepping method.A new lemma is developed for analyzing the finite-time stability of FONSs in terms of fractional differential inequality,which modifies some existing results.Fuzzy logic systems are adopted to identify unknown nonlinear characteristics in FONS.In order to compensate for the influence of unknown external disturbance and estimation error for fuzzy logic systems,an auxiliary function is employed to estimate the upper bound of parameters online.Furthermore,a global coordinate transformation is first introduced initially to decouple the fractional-order dynamic system of a specific class of underactuated single-link flexible manipulator systems,thereby transforming it into lower triangular systems.Simulation analyses and experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of finite-time tracking control algorithm.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter concerns the design of sliding mode control(SMC)for semi-Markov switching systems with time-varying transmission and impulse delay.The difficulties of this problem are:1)Time-varying transmissi...Dear Editor,This letter concerns the design of sliding mode control(SMC)for semi-Markov switching systems with time-varying transmission and impulse delay.The difficulties of this problem are:1)Time-varying transmission and impulse delay bring more nonlinear dynamic characteristics and lag effects;2)Semi-Markov mode switching introduces uncertainty;3)The reachable stage and sliding stage are affected by two types of impulses in the system,which increases the complexity of theoretical derivation.展开更多
Existing control systems for coiling temperature struggle with significant time lags and multi-objective synchronous control during cooling,limiting their temperature control accuracy.To overcome these drawbacks,an on...Existing control systems for coiling temperature struggle with significant time lags and multi-objective synchronous control during cooling,limiting their temperature control accuracy.To overcome these drawbacks,an online cooling system featuring multi-objective collaborative control is proposed.The proposed system achieves the synchronous control of the ultra-fast cooling temperature,middle temperature,and coiling temperature.First,the run-out table cooling zone is divided into multiple logical control zones,and traditional mechanism models are improved by introducing multiple heat flux adaptive coefficients.Then,a dynamic feedforward control method is developed to correct potential deviations in the calculation process.Finally,to enhance the proposed control system’s accuracy and self-learning capability,a multi-objective real-time adaptation strategy is introduced for dynamic heat flux adaptive coefficients adjustment.Analysis and application results show that the proposed multi-objective collaborative control system significantly improves the temperature control accuracy while ensuring the consistency of mechanical properties.Comparison results indicate that,under the proposed control system,the coiling temperature control accuracy within ±20℃ for segments located at 50 m from the strip head is improved by 26%,compared with the original control system.In addition,using the proposed system,the standard deviation of the yield strength is decreased by 38%,compared with the original control system.展开更多
This paper proposes a gain-based neural secure protection(GBNSP)control scheme for feedforward nonlinear systems subject to unknown control coefficients and impulsive false data injection(FDI)attacks.Notably,the nonli...This paper proposes a gain-based neural secure protection(GBNSP)control scheme for feedforward nonlinear systems subject to unknown control coefficients and impulsive false data injection(FDI)attacks.Notably,the nonlinear functions of the systems are relaxed to any continuous functions and the control coefficients are permitted to be constants with both unknown sizes and signs,a scenario not covered in existing works.Furthermore,the uncertain abrupt changes in system states caused by impulsive FDI attacks inevitably exacerbate the challenges in control design.To this end,this paper integrates the neural network technique and the gain control method to propose a novel GBNSP control scheme.Specifically,the neural network technique effectively compensates for strong nonlinearities and uncertainties,while the gain control method quantifies the tolerable frequency of impulsive FDI attacks and avoids the tedious design procedures.It is shown that,under the designed GBNSP controller,all closed-loop signals remain bounded and the system states eventually converge to an adjustable neighborhood near the origin.Moreover,an enhanced GBNSP control scheme incorporates an improved gain scaling mechanism to withstand unknown external disturbances.In the end,the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed scheme are validated by a theoretical example and a practical example.展开更多
With the continuous development of science and technology and the growing severity of energy issues,load-sensitive drive systems have attracted significant attention in the electro–hydraulic servo field due to their ...With the continuous development of science and technology and the growing severity of energy issues,load-sensitive drive systems have attracted significant attention in the electro–hydraulic servo field due to their high energy efficiency.Currently,most research primarily focuses on introducing load-sensitive valves to achieve load-following through hydraulic-mechanical feedback.This approach has partially achieved the energy-saving goal,but issues such as reduced dynamic response speed and limited load-sensitive range due to mechanical structures remain.This paper proposes an active load-sensitive variable displacement drive system that no longer relies on mechanical structures for load-sensitive adjustment.And multiple energy efficiency mapping relationships are designed to complete the system's load-sensitive adjustment,thereby reducing throttling losses.Additionally,a dual-loop anti-disturbance control method based on energy efficiency mapping is proposed.An appropriate Lyapunov function is selected to prove that the control system ultimately tends to be bounded and stable,successfully solving the multiplicative nonlinear coupling control problem caused by the variable mechanism,and improving the system's position control accuracy.Experimental results show that under this control method,the active loadsensitive drive system can reduce flow by up to 60 % compared to the traditional fixed displacement hydraulic motor drive system.Compared to conventional PID control,the proposed method can improve control accuracy by up to 50 %,effectively reducing energy consumption while improving the position control accuracy of the active load-sensitive variable motor drive system.展开更多
In this paper,the bounded control gain based prescribed-time(Pre-T)consensus problem for general linear multiagent systems(MASs)with controllable agent dynamics is addressed.First,an observer with Pre-T performance is...In this paper,the bounded control gain based prescribed-time(Pre-T)consensus problem for general linear multiagent systems(MASs)with controllable agent dynamics is addressed.First,an observer with Pre-T performance is designed for each agent to estimate the leader's state within a prescribed time.Then,based on the estimated states,a Pre-T switching controller integrating a bounded control gain is developed by employing a special coordinate transformation in combination with the backstepping technique,under the assumption that the agents'system matrix pair is controllable.It is shown that the proposed controller enables general linear MASs to achieve the Pre-T consensus independently of the agents'initial conditions and control parameters.Notably,the controller eliminates the numerical implementation problem associated with unbounded control gains,without compromising the consensus performance.The proposed approach is further applied to high-order singleinput MASs to demonstrate its broader applicability.Finally,a simulation example validates the effectiveness of both the proposed observer and the Pre-T switching controller.展开更多
For unknown nonlinear systems subject to asymmetric state and input constraints simultaneously,this article establishes a safe value iteration paradigm to learn an optimal control policy in a data-based manner.Initial...For unknown nonlinear systems subject to asymmetric state and input constraints simultaneously,this article establishes a safe value iteration paradigm to learn an optimal control policy in a data-based manner.Initially,the Koopman operator,instead of the black-box neural network,is applied to extract the inherent dynamics of the controlled systems from the measured data,thereby allowing for explicit analysis of the prediction error.To tackle the issue posed by state and input constraints,a crafted control barrier function is seamlessly incorporated into the canonical utility function,which retains the property of positive definiteness for the asymmetric case.Moreover,the value iteration algorithm with regard to the augmented utility function is adopted to attain a safe optimal controller,where the actor and critic networks are leveraged to approximate the control input and associated value function,respectively.The monotonicity,safety,and stability of the raised algorithm are further verified rigorously.Via performing three experiments on the linear system,the nonlinear system,and the manipulator plant,comparative results are obtained to substantiate the superiority and efficacy of the developed approach in achieving optimal performance and safe guarantee.展开更多
A novel aperiodically intermittent impulse control(AIIC)method is proposed to investigate the exponential synchronization in mean square(ESMS)of a class of impulsive stochastic infinite-dimensional systems with Poisso...A novel aperiodically intermittent impulse control(AIIC)method is proposed to investigate the exponential synchronization in mean square(ESMS)of a class of impulsive stochastic infinite-dimensional systems with Poisson jumps(ISIDSP).The AIIC control strategy inherits the flexibility of aperiodically intermittent control,including the variable control period,adjustable control interval length,and the discretization of impulsive control.In addition,this article introduces a novel mild Itô's formula.By leveraging semigroup theory,the contraction mapping principle,and graph theory,along with constructing the Lyapunov function,the criterion for the existence and uniqueness of a mild solution of ISIDSP is thereby established.Furthermore,the mean-square exponential synchronization problem of the above systems is resolved,and the constraints within the mild solution domain are alleviated.These criteria clarify the impact of control parameters,control intervals and network topology on ESMS.The theoretical results are subsequently applied to a class of neural networks with reaction-diffusion processes,and the validity of the results is verified using numerical simulations.展开更多
Load frequency control(LFC)in interconnected power systems has always been a challenging task in the presence of uncertainty and variability in the power systems arising primarily due to the integration of renewable e...Load frequency control(LFC)in interconnected power systems has always been a challenging task in the presence of uncertainty and variability in the power systems arising primarily due to the integration of renewable energy sources and the impact of electric vehicles on the power system.Although various PI/PID and other advanced control strategies have been employed for LFC in power systems,the existing methods have shown some limitations in terms of dynamic flexibility and robustness in the presence of nonlinearities and couplings in the power systems.Moreover,the optimization methods employed for the tuning of the controllers have shown some limitations in terms of the balance between global and local search abilities of the optimization functions.To overcome the limitations of the existing methods and optimization functions,a hybrid Modified Zebra Optimization Algorithm-Particle Swarm Optimization(MZOA-PSO)is presented in this paper for the optimization of a cascaded PI(1+DD)-PI-PID controller for LFC in power systems.The MZOA enhances the original ZOA by chaotic initialization,adaptive parameter control,and Lévy-flight foraging to improve the global search ability,while PSO ensures efficient local search ability.The optimizer is first validated using four benchmark functions,achieving the global optimum for the Booth and Zakharov functions,a mean value of 2.13×10−28 with a 98%success rate for Rosenbrock,and 3.21×10−81 for Schwefel 2.22.Under a 1%step load perturbation,the proposed controller achieves a 13 s settling time,zero negative deviation in Area 2,a maximum positive excursion of 0.10 Hz,and tie-line undershoot limited to−0.10 p.u.Under random load variations,deviations remain within±0.03 Hz and±0.02 p.u.Under RES and EV integration,the peak frequency deviation is reduced to 0.46 Hz in Area 1.These results confirm that the proposed hybrid MZOA-PSO tuned cascaded controller provides improved damping,faster stabilization,and stronger robustness for modern interconnected LFC systems.展开更多
Iterative Learning Control(ILC)provides an effective framework for optimizing repetitive tasks,making it particularly suitable for high-precision applications in both precision manufacturing and intelligent transporta...Iterative Learning Control(ILC)provides an effective framework for optimizing repetitive tasks,making it particularly suitable for high-precision applications in both precision manufacturing and intelligent transportation systems(ITS).This paper presents a systematic review of ILC's developmental progress,current methodologies,and practical implementations across these two critical domains.The review first analyzes the key technical challenges encountered when integrating ILC into precision manufacturing workflows.Through case studies,it evaluates demonstrated improvements in positioning accuracy,surface finish quality,and production throughput.Furthermore,the study examines ILC’s applications in ITS,with particular focus on vehicular motion control applications including autonomous vehicle trajectory tracking,platoon coordination,and traffic signal timing optimization,where its data-driven characteristics enhance adaptability to dynamic environments.Finally,the paper proposes targeted future research directions that are essential for fully realizing ILC’s potential in advancing these interconnected yet distinct fields.展开更多
This paper is concerned with adaptive consensus tracking control of nonlinear multi-agent systems with actuator faults and unknown nonidentical control directions under double semi-Markovian switching topologies.Consi...This paper is concerned with adaptive consensus tracking control of nonlinear multi-agent systems with actuator faults and unknown nonidentical control directions under double semi-Markovian switching topologies.Considering the complex working environment and the stability differences in communication links between leaders and followers,a double semi-Markov process is first introduced to describe the random switching of communication topologies in the leader-follower structure.In order to address challenges from the unknown nonidentical control directions and partial loss of effectiveness actuator faults,a completely independent parameter is introduced into the Nussbaum function to overcome the inherent obstacle of mutual cancellation and avoid the rapid growth rate.Considering only the state information of agents is transmitted among the agents,an adaptive distributed fault-tolerant consensus tracking control is proposed based on the double semi-Markovian switching topologies using the designed Nussbaum function.Furthermore,the stability of the closed-loop nonlinear multi-agent systems is analyzed using contradiction argument and Lyapunov theorem,from which the asymptotic consensus tracking in mean square sense can be obtained.A numerical simulation example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
Dear Editor,In this letter,several novel controllability results for a class of linear switched and impulsive systems are established.Different from the developed controllability conditions in most existing literature...Dear Editor,In this letter,several novel controllability results for a class of linear switched and impulsive systems are established.Different from the developed controllability conditions in most existing literature,the important role of switched and impulsive time sequence is considered.Applying the relevant geometric theory of matrix,a necessary and sufficient criterion for the controllability is firstly developed to judge when the controllability of such systems is affected by switched and impulsive time sequence.Furthermore,we further obtain a sufficient controllability condition that can be used to verify the controllability of such systems regardless of the switched and impulsive time sequence.Finally,a numerical example is given to verify the obtained theoretical results.展开更多
摘要The original intention of Model Predictive Control(MPC)was to bridge the gap between advanced control theories and the application of complex practical engineering systems.Since its emergence in the 1970s,it has been one of the core technologies in the Advanced Process Control(APC)system.Owing to its receding horizon optimization mechanism and capability to handle constraints,MPC has consistently attracted attention from both academia and industry,and has been successfully applied in numerous industries such as petrochemicals,metallurgy,pharmaceuticals,electric power,water treatment,and power electronics.According to statistics from the International Federation of Automatic Control and industrial data,MPC has been deployed in some form in more than 50% of large-scale industrial control systems worldwide.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62373240,62273224,U24A20259)Fundamental Research Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(25TS1414700)。
摘要Dear Editor,The crafted generalized replay attacks(GRAs)can bypass traditional multiplicative watermarking(MW)-based active detection in networked control systems(NCSs),which will seriously destroy system stability or even crash.To address this problem,this letter proposes a novel secure control method by using MW-based detection and data compensation.First,the limitation of traditional MW-based detection method is analysed,and a novel MW-based active detection scheme is proposed by adding an irreversible watermarking detection unit.Then,according to the detection result,an online data compensation scheme based on cubic spline interpolation algorithm is provided,and the maximum allowed attack rate of GRAs is given to maintain the exponential stability of NCSs.Finally,experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62293500,62293505,62233010,62503240)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20250679)。
摘要THE power industrial control system(power ICS)is thecore infrastructure that ensures the safe,stable,and efficient operation of power systems.Its architecture typi-cally adopts a hierarchical and partitioned end-edge-cloud collaborative design.However,the large-scale integration ofdistributed renewable energy resources,coupled with the extensivedeployment of sensing and communication devices,has resulted inthe new-type power system characterized by dynamic complexityand high uncertainty[1]-[4].
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant No.2024YFA1012700,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grant Nos.62373090 and 62521001the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program under Grant No.XLYC2403177。
摘要Learning-based control is an important advancement in intelligent control theory,integrating data-driven learning,feedback optimization,and complex system control.In modern industrial applications,it is widely deployed in robotic manipulation,autonomous driving,power electronics,and process industries.Given that real-world systems are frequently subject to unknown dynamics,strong nonlinearities,and external disturbances,traditional model-based approaches often fail to ensure high precision,robustness,and adaptive optimization,leading to performance degradation or even instability.Learning-based control has received significant attention,as it can overcome the challenges faced by modelbased control.This paper presents a review of learning-based control techniques.First,learning-based control problems are formulated for nonlinear dynamic systems.Second,this paper overviews three typical categories of learning-based control methods including model-informed learning-based control,model-free learning-based control,and integrated learning-based control,with particular attention to their theoretical foundations and algorithmic implementations.Third,the applications of each learning-based control method across different engineering domains are discussed.Finally,this paper concludes by outlining future research directions.
摘要The increasing interconnection of modern industrial control systems(ICSs)with the Internet has enhanced operational efficiency,but alsomade these systemsmore vulnerable to cyberattacks.This heightened exposure has driven a growing need for robust ICS security measures.Among the key defences,intrusion detection technology is critical in identifying threats to ICS networks.This paper provides an overview of the distinctive characteristics of ICS network security,highlighting standard attack methods.It then examines various intrusion detection methods,including those based on misuse detection,anomaly detection,machine learning,and specialised requirements.This paper concludes by exploring future directions for developing intrusion detection systems to advance research and ensure the continued security and reliability of ICS operations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62433014,62373287,62573324,62333005,62273255)in part by the International Exchange Program for Graduate Students of Tongji University(4360143306)+3 种基金in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(22120230311)supported by DeutscheForschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)under Germany’s Excellence Strategy(EXC 2075390740016,468094890)support by the Stuttgart Center for Simulation Science(SimTech)the International Max Planck Research School for Intelligent Systems(IMPRS-IS)for supporting Y.Xie。
摘要Dear Editor,This letter proposes a reinforcement learning-based predictive learning algorithm for unknown continuous-time nonlinear systems with observation loss.Firstly,we construct a temporal nonzero-sum game over predictive control input sequences,deriving multiple optimal predictive control input sequences from its solution.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62273182,61773213,U21B6001,62273121,62221004,62073166)。
摘要Dear Editor,This letter deals with the formation control problem of a multiagent system that moves along a closed curve and is subject to position constraints.A distributed formation control law is developed under which the position constraint of each agent can always be satisfied.Due to the existence of position constraints,prescribed formations generally cannot be achieved by the agents.
基金supported in part by the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(4262063)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62363002)。
摘要This paper presents a model-free adaptive fuzzy control(MFAFC)scheme for discrete-time Takagi-Sugeno(T-S)fuzzy systems with local nonlinear models.First,the T-S fuzzy system is transformed into a linearized model using a dynamic linearization technique.Then,a model-free adaptive control scheme is developed for T-S fuzzy systems.Next,a rigorous convergence analysis of the tracking error is carried out using the contraction mapping theory.Finally,to validate the theoretical results,the scheme is tested by two numerical simulations and a mass-spring damper mechanical system.The results show that the proposed MFAFC strategy is effective in ensuring that the system output tracks the desired trajectory.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62403340,62303339)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2026NSFSC1518)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(CPSF)(2025T180940,2024M762208)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20231783)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips(BCIC-24-K2)。
摘要To address the finite-time tracking control problem for fractional-order nonlinear systems(FONSs) with actuator faults and external disturbance,a novel strategy of the finite-time adaptive fuzzy fault-tolerant controller is presented in this paper by utilizing the finite-time stability theory and fractional-order dynamic surface control scheme combined with backstepping method.A new lemma is developed for analyzing the finite-time stability of FONSs in terms of fractional differential inequality,which modifies some existing results.Fuzzy logic systems are adopted to identify unknown nonlinear characteristics in FONS.In order to compensate for the influence of unknown external disturbance and estimation error for fuzzy logic systems,an auxiliary function is employed to estimate the upper bound of parameters online.Furthermore,a global coordinate transformation is first introduced initially to decouple the fractional-order dynamic system of a specific class of underactuated single-link flexible manipulator systems,thereby transforming it into lower triangular systems.Simulation analyses and experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of finite-time tracking control algorithm.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62236005,61936004)。
摘要Dear Editor,This letter concerns the design of sliding mode control(SMC)for semi-Markov switching systems with time-varying transmission and impulse delay.The difficulties of this problem are:1)Time-varying transmission and impulse delay bring more nonlinear dynamic characteristics and lag effects;2)Semi-Markov mode switching introduces uncertainty;3)The reachable stage and sliding stage are affected by two types of impulses in the system,which increases the complexity of theoretical derivation.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3304800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52074085 and U21A20117).
摘要Existing control systems for coiling temperature struggle with significant time lags and multi-objective synchronous control during cooling,limiting their temperature control accuracy.To overcome these drawbacks,an online cooling system featuring multi-objective collaborative control is proposed.The proposed system achieves the synchronous control of the ultra-fast cooling temperature,middle temperature,and coiling temperature.First,the run-out table cooling zone is divided into multiple logical control zones,and traditional mechanism models are improved by introducing multiple heat flux adaptive coefficients.Then,a dynamic feedforward control method is developed to correct potential deviations in the calculation process.Finally,to enhance the proposed control system’s accuracy and self-learning capability,a multi-objective real-time adaptation strategy is introduced for dynamic heat flux adaptive coefficients adjustment.Analysis and application results show that the proposed multi-objective collaborative control system significantly improves the temperature control accuracy while ensuring the consistency of mechanical properties.Comparison results indicate that,under the proposed control system,the coiling temperature control accuracy within ±20℃ for segments located at 50 m from the strip head is improved by 26%,compared with the original control system.In addition,using the proposed system,the standard deviation of the yield strength is decreased by 38%,compared with the original control system.
基金supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(ZR2024MF016)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62303270,62073190)。
摘要This paper proposes a gain-based neural secure protection(GBNSP)control scheme for feedforward nonlinear systems subject to unknown control coefficients and impulsive false data injection(FDI)attacks.Notably,the nonlinear functions of the systems are relaxed to any continuous functions and the control coefficients are permitted to be constants with both unknown sizes and signs,a scenario not covered in existing works.Furthermore,the uncertain abrupt changes in system states caused by impulsive FDI attacks inevitably exacerbate the challenges in control design.To this end,this paper integrates the neural network technique and the gain control method to propose a novel GBNSP control scheme.Specifically,the neural network technique effectively compensates for strong nonlinearities and uncertainties,while the gain control method quantifies the tolerable frequency of impulsive FDI attacks and avoids the tedious design procedures.It is shown that,under the designed GBNSP controller,all closed-loop signals remain bounded and the system states eventually converge to an adjustable neighborhood near the origin.Moreover,an enhanced GBNSP control scheme incorporates an improved gain scaling mechanism to withstand unknown external disturbances.In the end,the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed scheme are validated by a theoretical example and a practical example.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52205045)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(No.E2024203244)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2022Z029051001)。
摘要With the continuous development of science and technology and the growing severity of energy issues,load-sensitive drive systems have attracted significant attention in the electro–hydraulic servo field due to their high energy efficiency.Currently,most research primarily focuses on introducing load-sensitive valves to achieve load-following through hydraulic-mechanical feedback.This approach has partially achieved the energy-saving goal,but issues such as reduced dynamic response speed and limited load-sensitive range due to mechanical structures remain.This paper proposes an active load-sensitive variable displacement drive system that no longer relies on mechanical structures for load-sensitive adjustment.And multiple energy efficiency mapping relationships are designed to complete the system's load-sensitive adjustment,thereby reducing throttling losses.Additionally,a dual-loop anti-disturbance control method based on energy efficiency mapping is proposed.An appropriate Lyapunov function is selected to prove that the control system ultimately tends to be bounded and stable,successfully solving the multiplicative nonlinear coupling control problem caused by the variable mechanism,and improving the system's position control accuracy.Experimental results show that under this control method,the active loadsensitive drive system can reduce flow by up to 60 % compared to the traditional fixed displacement hydraulic motor drive system.Compared to conventional PID control,the proposed method can improve control accuracy by up to 50 %,effectively reducing energy consumption while improving the position control accuracy of the active load-sensitive variable motor drive system.
基金supported in part by the Key Project of the Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20261)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62373231)。
摘要In this paper,the bounded control gain based prescribed-time(Pre-T)consensus problem for general linear multiagent systems(MASs)with controllable agent dynamics is addressed.First,an observer with Pre-T performance is designed for each agent to estimate the leader's state within a prescribed time.Then,based on the estimated states,a Pre-T switching controller integrating a bounded control gain is developed by employing a special coordinate transformation in combination with the backstepping technique,under the assumption that the agents'system matrix pair is controllable.It is shown that the proposed controller enables general linear MASs to achieve the Pre-T consensus independently of the agents'initial conditions and control parameters.Notably,the controller eliminates the numerical implementation problem associated with unbounded control gains,without compromising the consensus performance.The proposed approach is further applied to high-order singleinput MASs to demonstrate its broader applicability.Finally,a simulation example validates the effectiveness of both the proposed observer and the Pre-T switching controller.
摘要For unknown nonlinear systems subject to asymmetric state and input constraints simultaneously,this article establishes a safe value iteration paradigm to learn an optimal control policy in a data-based manner.Initially,the Koopman operator,instead of the black-box neural network,is applied to extract the inherent dynamics of the controlled systems from the measured data,thereby allowing for explicit analysis of the prediction error.To tackle the issue posed by state and input constraints,a crafted control barrier function is seamlessly incorporated into the canonical utility function,which retains the property of positive definiteness for the asymmetric case.Moreover,the value iteration algorithm with regard to the augmented utility function is adopted to attain a safe optimal controller,where the actor and critic networks are leveraged to approximate the control input and associated value function,respectively.The monotonicity,safety,and stability of the raised algorithm are further verified rigorously.Via performing three experiments on the linear system,the nonlinear system,and the manipulator plant,comparative results are obtained to substantiate the superiority and efficacy of the developed approach in achieving optimal performance and safe guarantee.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12471422,62573274,12371173)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(ZR2022LLZ003,ZR2024MF001)the Funding for Visiting Studies and Research by Teachers in Ordinary Undergraduate Colleges and Universities in Shandong Province。
摘要A novel aperiodically intermittent impulse control(AIIC)method is proposed to investigate the exponential synchronization in mean square(ESMS)of a class of impulsive stochastic infinite-dimensional systems with Poisson jumps(ISIDSP).The AIIC control strategy inherits the flexibility of aperiodically intermittent control,including the variable control period,adjustable control interval length,and the discretization of impulsive control.In addition,this article introduces a novel mild Itô's formula.By leveraging semigroup theory,the contraction mapping principle,and graph theory,along with constructing the Lyapunov function,the criterion for the existence and uniqueness of a mild solution of ISIDSP is thereby established.Furthermore,the mean-square exponential synchronization problem of the above systems is resolved,and the constraints within the mild solution domain are alleviated.These criteria clarify the impact of control parameters,control intervals and network topology on ESMS.The theoretical results are subsequently applied to a class of neural networks with reaction-diffusion processes,and the validity of the results is verified using numerical simulations.
摘要Load frequency control(LFC)in interconnected power systems has always been a challenging task in the presence of uncertainty and variability in the power systems arising primarily due to the integration of renewable energy sources and the impact of electric vehicles on the power system.Although various PI/PID and other advanced control strategies have been employed for LFC in power systems,the existing methods have shown some limitations in terms of dynamic flexibility and robustness in the presence of nonlinearities and couplings in the power systems.Moreover,the optimization methods employed for the tuning of the controllers have shown some limitations in terms of the balance between global and local search abilities of the optimization functions.To overcome the limitations of the existing methods and optimization functions,a hybrid Modified Zebra Optimization Algorithm-Particle Swarm Optimization(MZOA-PSO)is presented in this paper for the optimization of a cascaded PI(1+DD)-PI-PID controller for LFC in power systems.The MZOA enhances the original ZOA by chaotic initialization,adaptive parameter control,and Lévy-flight foraging to improve the global search ability,while PSO ensures efficient local search ability.The optimizer is first validated using four benchmark functions,achieving the global optimum for the Booth and Zakharov functions,a mean value of 2.13×10−28 with a 98%success rate for Rosenbrock,and 3.21×10−81 for Schwefel 2.22.Under a 1%step load perturbation,the proposed controller achieves a 13 s settling time,zero negative deviation in Area 2,a maximum positive excursion of 0.10 Hz,and tie-line undershoot limited to−0.10 p.u.Under random load variations,deviations remain within±0.03 Hz and±0.02 p.u.Under RES and EV integration,the peak frequency deviation is reduced to 0.46 Hz in Area 1.These results confirm that the proposed hybrid MZOA-PSO tuned cascaded controller provides improved damping,faster stabilization,and stronger robustness for modern interconnected LFC systems.
基金funded by the Wuxi Young Scientific and Technological Talent Support Initiative,project number:TJXD-2024-203the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China,grant number:24KJB470027.
摘要Iterative Learning Control(ILC)provides an effective framework for optimizing repetitive tasks,making it particularly suitable for high-precision applications in both precision manufacturing and intelligent transportation systems(ITS).This paper presents a systematic review of ILC's developmental progress,current methodologies,and practical implementations across these two critical domains.The review first analyzes the key technical challenges encountered when integrating ILC into precision manufacturing workflows.Through case studies,it evaluates demonstrated improvements in positioning accuracy,surface finish quality,and production throughput.Furthermore,the study examines ILC’s applications in ITS,with particular focus on vehicular motion control applications including autonomous vehicle trajectory tracking,platoon coordination,and traffic signal timing optimization,where its data-driven characteristics enhance adaptability to dynamic environments.Finally,the paper proposes targeted future research directions that are essential for fully realizing ILC’s potential in advancing these interconnected yet distinct fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62333011,62020106003)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20222012)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(NE2024005)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX24_0594)。
摘要This paper is concerned with adaptive consensus tracking control of nonlinear multi-agent systems with actuator faults and unknown nonidentical control directions under double semi-Markovian switching topologies.Considering the complex working environment and the stability differences in communication links between leaders and followers,a double semi-Markov process is first introduced to describe the random switching of communication topologies in the leader-follower structure.In order to address challenges from the unknown nonidentical control directions and partial loss of effectiveness actuator faults,a completely independent parameter is introduced into the Nussbaum function to overcome the inherent obstacle of mutual cancellation and avoid the rapid growth rate.Considering only the state information of agents is transmitted among the agents,an adaptive distributed fault-tolerant consensus tracking control is proposed based on the double semi-Markovian switching topologies using the designed Nussbaum function.Furthermore,the stability of the closed-loop nonlinear multi-agent systems is analyzed using contradiction argument and Lyapunov theorem,from which the asymptotic consensus tracking in mean square sense can be obtained.A numerical simulation example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62322311,62303162,62233007,62203157)the Technology Development Program of Henan Province(242102211052).
摘要Dear Editor,In this letter,several novel controllability results for a class of linear switched and impulsive systems are established.Different from the developed controllability conditions in most existing literature,the important role of switched and impulsive time sequence is considered.Applying the relevant geometric theory of matrix,a necessary and sufficient criterion for the controllability is firstly developed to judge when the controllability of such systems is affected by switched and impulsive time sequence.Furthermore,we further obtain a sufficient controllability condition that can be used to verify the controllability of such systems regardless of the switched and impulsive time sequence.Finally,a numerical example is given to verify the obtained theoretical results.