After the recent publication in the Journal of Biophysical Chemistry entitled “Retracted HIV Study Provides New Information about the Status of the in Vitro Inhibition of DNA Replication by Back-bone Methylation”, i...After the recent publication in the Journal of Biophysical Chemistry entitled “Retracted HIV Study Provides New Information about the Status of the in Vitro Inhibition of DNA Replication by Back-bone Methylation”, it is of importance to review the results of Buck’s group on the synthesis and conformation analyses of phosphate-methylated RNAs in order to afford information on the absence of a further investigation with regard to this de facto acceptable approach. In fact these compounds belong to the very first group of RNAs with a modified neutral backbone by phosphatemethylation. In contrast to the corresponding phosphate-methylated DNAs with a frozen B-conformation, the phosphate-methylated RNAs show an A-conformation. The latter is a prerequisite for duplex formation with (complementary) (natural) RNA. A number of experiments support this fundamental statement. After the HIV study was retracted, the overall results concerning the phosphate-methylated RNAs were published without mentioning Buck’s initial proof of concept and his contributions. Generally, the (modified) dimer RNAs and DNAs possess a number of specific biophysical properties. A novel explanation is given for conflicting structural determinations.展开更多
目的运用meta分析方法系统评价补肾方剂治疗男性不育症患者精子DNA损伤(SDF)的有效性和安全性。方法从中国知网、维普、万方、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science数据库中检索补肾方剂改善SDF的随机对照试验(RCT)研究,...目的运用meta分析方法系统评价补肾方剂治疗男性不育症患者精子DNA损伤(SDF)的有效性和安全性。方法从中国知网、维普、万方、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science数据库中检索补肾方剂改善SDF的随机对照试验(RCT)研究,对文献进行方法学质量评价,运用RevMan5.3.5软件进行meta分析,并对结局指标进行GRADE质量分级。结果共纳入17项RCT研究,涉及2164例男性患者。与西医常规治疗相比,补肾方剂能够显著改善男性不育症患者DNA碎片指数(DFI)(MD=-6.50,95%CI:-7.88~-5.11,P<0.01),提高配偶妊娠率(RR=2.11,95%CI:1.12~4.00,P=0.87)、精子总活率(MD=5.56,95%CI:4.39~6.74,P<0.01)、前向运动精子百分率(MD=6.82,95%CI:5.62~8.03,P<0.01)、精子浓度(MD=6.51,95%CI:3.81~9.21,P<0.01)和正常形态精子百分率(MD=1.26,95%CI:0.45~2.06,P<0.01),且补肾方剂不会增加不良反应的发生。结论低到中等质量证据表明,与西医常规治疗相比,补肾方剂在改善男性不育症患者DFI、精液参数、配偶妊娠率等方面具有一定优势,且安全性较好。展开更多
Fig(Ficus carica L.)with purple-red peel cultivars are popular among consumers and exhibit better storability.While DNA methylation influences fruit ripening and color development,its specific role in fig fruit remain...Fig(Ficus carica L.)with purple-red peel cultivars are popular among consumers and exhibit better storability.While DNA methylation influences fruit ripening and color development,its specific role in fig fruit remains unclear.This study explores the impact of DNA methylation on the fig peel coloration.Enzymatic colorimetric detection revealed that the level of‘Purple Peel’fig DNA methylation decreases with fig fruit ripening and coloring.Treatment of young fruit with the DNA-methylation inhibitor azacytidine induced peel coloration,suggesting that a decrease in DNA-methylation level promotes fig peel coloration.Seven members of DNA methyltransferases and three members of DNA demethylases were identified from a high-level fig genome,highlighting FcMET1 and FcDRM2 as stable proteins,ensuring functional expression.Reference to the Arabidopsis protein interaction network map predicted that FcMET1 is in a central position,suggesting a crucial regulatory role in multiple biological processes.Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between FcMET1 expression during peel development and the level of total DNA methylation.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified co-expression of FcMET1 with the color-related transcription factors MYB,bHLH and WD40,as well as with eight structural genes in the flavonoid-biosynthesis pathway.The expression of FcUFGT3 was negatively correlated with that of FcMET1.McrBC-PCR and Bisulfite Sequencing detection showed that a low methylation level of the FcUFGT3 promoter corresponds with its high expression in colored fig.This investigation of the mechanism of DNA methylation provides a theoretical basis for understanding the role of DNA-methylation modifications in fig ripening and coloring.展开更多
Insufficient skeletal repair is the primary threat of health span and lifespan in elders with increasingly vast global burden;yet,to date,the knowledge of resolving this crisis remains limited.In this study,we address...Insufficient skeletal repair is the primary threat of health span and lifespan in elders with increasingly vast global burden;yet,to date,the knowledge of resolving this crisis remains limited.In this study,we addressed the specific mechanisms underlying agingassociated poor bone repair,which are driven by the mitochondrial DNA structures mitochondrial G-quadruplex(mtG4).We found that mtG4 is spatiotemporal-wisely accumulated within Pdgfra+periosteal mesenchymal stromal/stem cells(PPM)both in healthy and premature aging,which substantially increases cellular senescence and the degenerative alterations of PPM.By utilizing transgenic lineage tracking,PPM organoids formation,mitochondrial transgenic mutation,organoids transplantation,and serial cellular molecular investigations,we reveal that mtG4 in PPM restricts vital mitochondrial genes’transcription to cause mitochondrial dysfunction,which utterly leads to severe mitophagy and cell senescence.These senescent PPM demonstrates impaired stemness and disrupted fate determination,finally phenocopying aging-associated poor bone repair.This study decodes the mitochondrial genomic reasons for insufficient bone repair during aging,which offers insights for developing cell-type-and disease-specific senolytic therapies in the future.展开更多
Wildlife strikes,particularly bird strikes,pose a persistent threat to aviation safety worldwide.Although wildlife aircraft collisions in North America and Europe airports have been extensively studied,large-scale ass...Wildlife strikes,particularly bird strikes,pose a persistent threat to aviation safety worldwide.Although wildlife aircraft collisions in North America and Europe airports have been extensively studied,large-scale assessments remain scarce in rapidly developing regions such as China,despite its rapidly expanding aviation industry.Between 2012 and 2024,13,732 wildlife strike remains were collected at civil airports in China,of which 12,327 samples(89.8%)were successfully identiffiified by DNA barcoding and used for subsequent taxonomic and spatiotemporal analyses,including 10,261 birds,2035 mammals,and 31 other animals.We identiffiified 410 bird species(19 orders,68 families),with strikes strongly dominated by a few high-risk migratory species,particularly the Barn Swallow,Eurasian Skylark,and Red-rumped Swallow.The number of strikes events and species richness increased over time,with signiffiificant seasonal and geographical variations.Autumn exhibited the highest strike frequency(3668 incidents,320 species),whereas winter showed the lowest(467 incidents,120 species).Spatially,East China recorded the greatest number of strikes and species,reffllflecting its position along major migratory ffllflyways and the presence of key stopover habitats.Additionally,2035 bat strike samples were detected,indicating that the role of bats in aviation hazards may be underestimated.Our ffiifindings demonstrate that wildlife strike risk in China is shaped by migration dynamics and regional biogeography,underscoring the importance of seasonally adaptive and region-speciffiific management strategies that incorporate both birds and bats into airport wildlife hazard programs.展开更多
摘要After the recent publication in the Journal of Biophysical Chemistry entitled “Retracted HIV Study Provides New Information about the Status of the in Vitro Inhibition of DNA Replication by Back-bone Methylation”, it is of importance to review the results of Buck’s group on the synthesis and conformation analyses of phosphate-methylated RNAs in order to afford information on the absence of a further investigation with regard to this de facto acceptable approach. In fact these compounds belong to the very first group of RNAs with a modified neutral backbone by phosphatemethylation. In contrast to the corresponding phosphate-methylated DNAs with a frozen B-conformation, the phosphate-methylated RNAs show an A-conformation. The latter is a prerequisite for duplex formation with (complementary) (natural) RNA. A number of experiments support this fundamental statement. After the HIV study was retracted, the overall results concerning the phosphate-methylated RNAs were published without mentioning Buck’s initial proof of concept and his contributions. Generally, the (modified) dimer RNAs and DNAs possess a number of specific biophysical properties. A novel explanation is given for conflicting structural determinations.
摘要目的运用meta分析方法系统评价补肾方剂治疗男性不育症患者精子DNA损伤(SDF)的有效性和安全性。方法从中国知网、维普、万方、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、Web of Science数据库中检索补肾方剂改善SDF的随机对照试验(RCT)研究,对文献进行方法学质量评价,运用RevMan5.3.5软件进行meta分析,并对结局指标进行GRADE质量分级。结果共纳入17项RCT研究,涉及2164例男性患者。与西医常规治疗相比,补肾方剂能够显著改善男性不育症患者DNA碎片指数(DFI)(MD=-6.50,95%CI:-7.88~-5.11,P<0.01),提高配偶妊娠率(RR=2.11,95%CI:1.12~4.00,P=0.87)、精子总活率(MD=5.56,95%CI:4.39~6.74,P<0.01)、前向运动精子百分率(MD=6.82,95%CI:5.62~8.03,P<0.01)、精子浓度(MD=6.51,95%CI:3.81~9.21,P<0.01)和正常形态精子百分率(MD=1.26,95%CI:0.45~2.06,P<0.01),且补肾方剂不会增加不良反应的发生。结论低到中等质量证据表明,与西医常规治疗相比,补肾方剂在改善男性不育症患者DFI、精液参数、配偶妊娠率等方面具有一定优势,且安全性较好。
基金supported by 111 Project(Grant No.B17043)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022M723425).
摘要Fig(Ficus carica L.)with purple-red peel cultivars are popular among consumers and exhibit better storability.While DNA methylation influences fruit ripening and color development,its specific role in fig fruit remains unclear.This study explores the impact of DNA methylation on the fig peel coloration.Enzymatic colorimetric detection revealed that the level of‘Purple Peel’fig DNA methylation decreases with fig fruit ripening and coloring.Treatment of young fruit with the DNA-methylation inhibitor azacytidine induced peel coloration,suggesting that a decrease in DNA-methylation level promotes fig peel coloration.Seven members of DNA methyltransferases and three members of DNA demethylases were identified from a high-level fig genome,highlighting FcMET1 and FcDRM2 as stable proteins,ensuring functional expression.Reference to the Arabidopsis protein interaction network map predicted that FcMET1 is in a central position,suggesting a crucial regulatory role in multiple biological processes.Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between FcMET1 expression during peel development and the level of total DNA methylation.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified co-expression of FcMET1 with the color-related transcription factors MYB,bHLH and WD40,as well as with eight structural genes in the flavonoid-biosynthesis pathway.The expression of FcUFGT3 was negatively correlated with that of FcMET1.McrBC-PCR and Bisulfite Sequencing detection showed that a low methylation level of the FcUFGT3 promoter corresponds with its high expression in colored fig.This investigation of the mechanism of DNA methylation provides a theoretical basis for understanding the role of DNA-methylation modifications in fig ripening and coloring.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China 82522021(F.Y.),82571084(F.L.),and 824B2023(C.H.)Sichuan Province Science and Technology Program 2024ZYD0172(F.Y.),2025ZNSFSC0754(F.L.),2025NSFJQ0071(F.Y.),and 2024JDKXJ0001(L.Y.).
摘要Insufficient skeletal repair is the primary threat of health span and lifespan in elders with increasingly vast global burden;yet,to date,the knowledge of resolving this crisis remains limited.In this study,we addressed the specific mechanisms underlying agingassociated poor bone repair,which are driven by the mitochondrial DNA structures mitochondrial G-quadruplex(mtG4).We found that mtG4 is spatiotemporal-wisely accumulated within Pdgfra+periosteal mesenchymal stromal/stem cells(PPM)both in healthy and premature aging,which substantially increases cellular senescence and the degenerative alterations of PPM.By utilizing transgenic lineage tracking,PPM organoids formation,mitochondrial transgenic mutation,organoids transplantation,and serial cellular molecular investigations,we reveal that mtG4 in PPM restricts vital mitochondrial genes’transcription to cause mitochondrial dysfunction,which utterly leads to severe mitophagy and cell senescence.These senescent PPM demonstrates impaired stemness and disrupted fate determination,finally phenocopying aging-associated poor bone repair.This study decodes the mitochondrial genomic reasons for insufficient bone repair during aging,which offers insights for developing cell-type-and disease-specific senolytic therapies in the future.
基金funded by the Fundamental Research Funds of CAST(xxx2060302216,“Research on an Intelligent Bird Strike Prevention System for Airports”)“Qinglan Project”of Universities in Jiangsu province of China。
摘要Wildlife strikes,particularly bird strikes,pose a persistent threat to aviation safety worldwide.Although wildlife aircraft collisions in North America and Europe airports have been extensively studied,large-scale assessments remain scarce in rapidly developing regions such as China,despite its rapidly expanding aviation industry.Between 2012 and 2024,13,732 wildlife strike remains were collected at civil airports in China,of which 12,327 samples(89.8%)were successfully identiffiified by DNA barcoding and used for subsequent taxonomic and spatiotemporal analyses,including 10,261 birds,2035 mammals,and 31 other animals.We identiffiified 410 bird species(19 orders,68 families),with strikes strongly dominated by a few high-risk migratory species,particularly the Barn Swallow,Eurasian Skylark,and Red-rumped Swallow.The number of strikes events and species richness increased over time,with signiffiificant seasonal and geographical variations.Autumn exhibited the highest strike frequency(3668 incidents,320 species),whereas winter showed the lowest(467 incidents,120 species).Spatially,East China recorded the greatest number of strikes and species,reffllflecting its position along major migratory ffllflyways and the presence of key stopover habitats.Additionally,2035 bat strike samples were detected,indicating that the role of bats in aviation hazards may be underestimated.Our ffiifindings demonstrate that wildlife strike risk in China is shaped by migration dynamics and regional biogeography,underscoring the importance of seasonally adaptive and region-speciffiific management strategies that incorporate both birds and bats into airport wildlife hazard programs.