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Human Rights Concepts and Their Institutional Expressions in Legal Codes:Focusing on the Rights and Protection of Prisoners in the Tang Dynasty 认领 引用
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作者 LIU Xiaolin LI Donglin 《The Journal of Human Rights》 2025年第1期38-59,共22页
During the Tang Dynasty,incarcerated prisoners enjoyed various rights during their detention,including access to clothing,food,medical care,hygiene,rest,and burial arrangements.Under specific conditions,prisoners were... During the Tang Dynasty,incarcerated prisoners enjoyed various rights during their detention,including access to clothing,food,medical care,hygiene,rest,and burial arrangements.Under specific conditions,prisoners were even granted leave for family events such as funerals or weddings.The Rules for Prison Officials(Yuguanling)detailed the rights and safeguards for prisoners and set clear guidelines on the use of restraints during detention.Additionally,the Statutes on Deciding Cases(Duanyu Lü)outlined explicit penalties for judicial officials who failed to ensure prisoner rights or committed related violations.Interrogation processes adhered to strict procedural and substantive requirements,including direct questioning by judges,the avoidance of cases involving personal connections or conflicts of interest,evidence-based cross-examinations,careful investigation of circumstances,and consistent rulings across similar cases.The Tang legal code imposed comprehensive,detailed,and stringent limits on the application of coercive interrogations,specifying restrictions on tools,methods,subjects,and extent.Any breaches of these restrictions were met with severe punishments.While the concept of“human rights”did not appear in Tang legal and administrative texts,these laws and regulations embody abundant principles of people-centered governance,benevolence,and human rights concepts.Systematic examination of these ideas,values,and principles—when integrated with the Marxist perspective on human rights—can enrich China’s contemporary human rights practice,contribute to articulating China’s unique narrative on human rights,and play a role in constructing a distinctly Chinese discourse on human rights.Such efforts could provide Chinese wisdom and proposals for the advancement of human rights globally. 展开更多
关键词 Rules for Prison Officials(Yuguanling) Statutes on Deciding Cases(Duanyu Lü) incarcerated prisoner guarantee of rights and interests human rights concepts
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A multi-objective fuzzy optimization model for cropping structure and water resources and its method 认领 引用 被引量：9
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作者 马建琴 陈守煜 邱林 《Hunan Agricultural Science ＆ Technology Newsletter》 2004年第1期5-10,共6页
Cropping structure has a close relationship with the optimal allocation of agricultural water resources. Based on the analysis of the relationship between agricultural water resources and sustainable development, this... Cropping structure has a close relationship with the optimal allocation of agricultural water resources. Based on the analysis of the relationship between agricultural water resources and sustainable development, this paper presents a multi objective fuzzy optimization model for cropping structure and water allocation, which overcomes the shortcoming of current models that only considered the economic objective,and ignored the social and environmental objectives. During the process, a new method named fuzzy deciding weight is developed to decide the objective weight. A case study shows that the model is reliable, the method is simple and objective, and the results are reasonable. This model is useful for agricultural management and sustainable development. 展开更多
关键词 cropping structure multi objective fuzzy optimization fuzzy deciding weight agricultural water resources
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Adaptive partition intuitionistic fuzzy time series forecasting model 认领 引用
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作者 Xiaoshi Fan Yingjie Lei Yanan Wang 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE CSCD 2017年第3期585-596,共12页
To enhance the accuracy of intuitionistic fuzzy time series forecasting model, this paper analyses the influence of universe of discourse partition and compares with relevant literature. Traditional models usually par... To enhance the accuracy of intuitionistic fuzzy time series forecasting model, this paper analyses the influence of universe of discourse partition and compares with relevant literature. Traditional models usually partition the global universe of discourse, which is not appropriate for all objectives. For example, the universe of the secular trend model is continuously variational. In addition, most forecasting methods rely on prior information, i.e., fuzzy relationship groups (FRG). Numerous relationship groups lead to the explosive growth of relationship library in a linear model and increase the computational complexity. To overcome problems above and ascertain an appropriate order, an intuitionistic fuzzy time series forecasting model based on order decision and adaptive partition algorithm is proposed. By forecasting the vector operator matrix, the proposed model can adjust partitions and intervals adaptively. The proposed model is tested on student enrollments of Alabama dataset, typical seasonal dataset Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalization Weighted Stock Index (TAIEX) and a secular trend dataset of total retail sales for social consumer goods in China. Experimental results illustrate the validity and applicability of the proposed method for different patterns of dataset. 展开更多
关键词 intuitionistic fuzzy set time series forecasting vector operator matrix order deciding adaptive partition
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Spine Decide软件在脊柱外科临床实习教学中的应用 认领 引用 被引量：6
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作者 黄景辉 马腾 罗卓荆 《中国组织工程研究》 CAS CSCD 2014年第36期5896-5898,共3页
背景:脊柱,因其复杂的结构和其特殊的功能,一直以来是临床教学的难点和重点,如何将现代化软件应用于脊柱外科临床教学是目前研究的热点。目的:探索Spine Decide软件在脊柱外科临床教学中的应用。方法:通过Spine Decide软件,带教教师可... 背景:脊柱,因其复杂的结构和其特殊的功能,一直以来是临床教学的难点和重点,如何将现代化软件应用于脊柱外科临床教学是目前研究的热点。目的:探索Spine Decide软件在脊柱外科临床教学中的应用。方法:通过Spine Decide软件,带教教师可以主动引导实习生自己学习脊柱疾病的诊断,设计手术方案,通过实际手术的参与,充分理解脊柱外科疾病的诊疗过程和疾病发生发展过程。结果与结论:学员通过主动的学习以及与Spine Decide软件的积极互动,能够在短时间内系统化、条理化的理解脊柱疾病的发生机理、诊断、治疗以及预后。Spine Decide应用于教学后,实习生的临床思维能力、自学能力等明显提高,学生学习脊柱相关疾病的主动性和积极性显著优于传统教学方法,创新性和探索性也有了突破性的提高,切实提高了教学质量。 展开更多
关键词 移植 组织构建 脊柱疾病 3D脊柱模型 外科教学 脊柱外科 临床学习 Spine Decide软件 国家自然科学基金
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基于OODA环的海警装备体系作战能力评估 认领 引用 被引量：9
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作者 孙盛智 孟春宁 郑高 《兵器装备工程学报》 CAS 北大核心 2019年第5期26-28,共3页
针对海警装备体系作战能力评估问题,引入OODA作战环理论,建立海警作战OODA环模型,并对其进行时效性分析,修正海警装备体系作战能力解析模型,结合典型的海警装备体系案例,应用OODA环评估方法对海警装备体系作战能力进行估算,得出侦察监... 针对海警装备体系作战能力评估问题,引入OODA作战环理论,建立海警作战OODA环模型,并对其进行时效性分析,修正海警装备体系作战能力解析模型,结合典型的海警装备体系案例,应用OODA环评估方法对海警装备体系作战能力进行估算,得出侦察监视要素对海警装备作战效能影响的基本规律。 展开更多
关键词 OODA(Observe,Orient,Decide,Act) 海警作战 评估方法
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CHINESE GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE 认领 引用 被引量：4
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《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE EI 1991年第1期97-98,共2页
Notes for Contributors The following notes have been compiled for the guidance of authors who are preparing papers for submission to Chinese Geographical Science. Submission of papers Papers may be sent for aditorial ... Notes for Contributors The following notes have been compiled for the guidance of authors who are preparing papers for submission to Chinese Geographical Science. Submission of papers Papers may be sent for aditorial consideration to the Editorial Depqrtement. Only the editors has the responsibility for deciding whether a paper is to be accepted, re- 展开更多
关键词 submission preparing notes responsibility deciding guidance Notes SCOPE branch referred
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Epidemic Spreading Model Based on Social Active Degree in Social Networks 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 WANG Yanben CAI Wandong 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2015年第12期101-108,共8页
In this paper,an improved Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible(SIS) epidemic spreading model is proposed in order to provide a theoretical method to analyze and predict the spreading of diseases.This model is based on the... In this paper,an improved Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible(SIS) epidemic spreading model is proposed in order to provide a theoretical method to analyze and predict the spreading of diseases.This model is based on the following ideas:in social networks,the contact probability between nodes is decided by their social distances and their active degrees.The contact probability of two indirectly connected nodes is decided by the shortest path between them.Theoretical analysis and simulation experiment were conducted to evaluate the performance of this improved model.Because the proposed model is independent of the network structure,simulation experiments were done in several kinds of networks,namely the ER network,the random regular network,the WS small world network,and the BA scale-free network,in order to study the influences of certain factors have on the epidemic spreading,such as the social contact active degree,the network structure,the average degree,etc.This improved model provides an idea for studying the spreading rule of computer virus,attitudes,fashion styles and public opinions in social networks. 展开更多
关键词 spreading shortest epidemic connected decided indirectly eigenvalue dynamical friends Frobenius
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Using Multiple Satellites to Search for Maritime Moving Targets Based on Reinforcement Learning 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 李菊芳 耿西英智 +1 位作者 姚锋 徐一帆 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 CAS 2016年第5期749-754,共6页
Searching for maritime moving targets using satellites is an attracting but rather difficult problem due to the satellites' orbits and discontinuous visible time windows.From a long term cyclic view,a non-myopic m... Searching for maritime moving targets using satellites is an attracting but rather difficult problem due to the satellites' orbits and discontinuous visible time windows.From a long term cyclic view,a non-myopic method based on reinforcement learning(RL)for multi-pass multi-targets searching was proposed.It learnt system behaviors step by step from each observation which resulted in a dynamic progressive way.Then it decided and adjusted optimal actions in each observation opportunity.System states were indicated by expected information gain.Neural networks algorithm was used to approximate parameters of control policy.Simulation results show that our approach with sufficient training performs significantly better than other myopic approaches which make local optimal decisions for each individual observation opportunity. 展开更多
关键词 similarity opportunity searching decided approximate adjusted visible discontinuous reinforcement Maritime
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Efficient Coding Unit and Prediction Unit Decision Algorithm for Multiview Video Coding 认领 引用
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作者 Wei-Hsiang Chang Mei-Juan Chen +1 位作者 Gwo-Long Li Yu-Ting Chen 《Journal of Electronic Science and Technology》 EI CAS CSCD 2015年第2期97-101,共5页
To aim at higher coding efficiency for multiview video coding, the multiview video with a modified high efficiency video coding（MV-HEVC）codec is proposed to encode the dependent views.However, the computational comp... To aim at higher coding efficiency for multiview video coding, the multiview video with a modified high efficiency video coding（MV-HEVC）codec is proposed to encode the dependent views.However, the computational complexity of MV-HEVC encoder is also increased significantly since MV-HEVC inherits all computational complexity of HEVC. This paper presents an efficient algorithm for reducing the high computational complexity of MV-HEVC by fast deciding the coding unit during the encoding process. In our proposal, the depth information of the largest coding units（LCUs） from independent view and neighboring LCUs is analyzed first. Afterwards, the analyzed results are used to early determine the depth for dependent view and thus achieve computational complexity reduction. Furthermore, a prediction unit（PU） decision strategy is also proposed to maintain the video quality. Experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm can achieve 57% time saving on average,while maintaining good video quality and bit-rate performance compared with HTM8.0. 展开更多
关键词 Prediction maintain encoder neighboring proposal similarity encoding deciding saving Probability
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A near-infrared methane detection system using a 1.654 μm wavelength-modulated diode laser 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 付洋 刘慧芳 +4 位作者 隋越 李彬 叶玮琳 郑传涛 王一丁 《Optoelectronics Letters》 EI 2016年第2期140-143,共4页
By adopting a distributed feedback laser(DFBL) centered at 1.654 μm, a near-infrared(NIR) methane(CH4) detection system based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy(TDLAS) is experimentally demonstrated. A la... By adopting a distributed feedback laser(DFBL) centered at 1.654 μm, a near-infrared(NIR) methane(CH4) detection system based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy(TDLAS) is experimentally demonstrated. A laser temperature control as well as wavelength modulation module is developed to control the laser's operation temperature. The laser's temperature fluctuation can be limited within the range of-0.02—0.02 °C, and the laser's emitting wavelength varies linearly with the temperature and injection current. An open reflective gas sensing probe is realized to double the absorption optical path length from 0.2 m to 0.4 m. Within the detection range of 0—0.01, gas detection experiments were conducted to derive the relation between harmonic amplitude and gas concentration. Based on the Allan deviation at an integral time of 1 s, the limit of detection(Lo D) is decided to be 2.952×10-5 with a path length of 0.4 m, indicating a minimum detectable column density of ~1.2×10-5 m. Compared with our previously reported NIR CH_4 detection system, this system exhibits some improvement in both optical and electrical structures, including the analogue temperature controller with less software consumption, simple and reliable open reflective sensing probe. 展开更多
关键词 reflective deviation methane modulated Allan tunable analogue fluctuation decided length
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Relay,for a better MRE! 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 蓝可 《Matter and Radiation at Extremes》 SCIE EI CSCD 2024年第1期1-4,共4页
After careful consideration,with the consent of Editor-inChief Weiyan Zhang(张维岩)and Editor-in-Chief Ho-kwang Mao(毛河光),I have decided to step down as the Executive Editor-inChief of MRE to focus on my health and ... After careful consideration,with the consent of Editor-inChief Weiyan Zhang(张维岩)and Editor-in-Chief Ho-kwang Mao(毛河光),I have decided to step down as the Executive Editor-inChief of MRE to focus on my health and research.I will be succeeded by the next Executive Editor-in-Chief,Professor Jinren Sun(孙今人)of the Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma,China Academy of Engineering Physics,and Professor Hongbo Cai(蔡洪波)of the Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics in Beijing.With the help of both of these excellent and experienced physicists,I believe that MRE and its community can be raised to a higher level. 展开更多
关键词 raised careful decided
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CHINESE GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE Notes for Contributors 认领 引用
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《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE 1993年第1期98-99,共2页
The following notes have been compiled for the guidance of authors who are preparingpapers for submission to Chinese Geographical Science.Submission of papersPapers may be sent for editorial consideration to the Edito... The following notes have been compiled for the guidance of authors who are preparingpapers for submission to Chinese Geographical Science.Submission of papersPapers may be sent for editorial consideration to the Editorial Department.Only the editors has the responsibility for deciding whether a paper is to be accepted, re-jected or referred back to the author for amendment. He will be guided by the advice 展开更多
关键词 submission editorial amendment notes advice responsibility deciding guided guidance referred
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Next Generation Internet and IPv6 Transition 认领 引用
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作者 WANG Wendong 《China Communications》 SCIE CSCD 2015年第3期151-152,共2页
IPv4 address space has been exhausted since2011.The problem will be solved by moving forward to the next-generation Internet based on IPv6.Smooth transition from IPv4 to IPv6is the key to deciding whether the next-gen... IPv4 address space has been exhausted since2011.The problem will be solved by moving forward to the next-generation Internet based on IPv6.Smooth transition from IPv4 to IPv6is the key to deciding whether the next-generation Internet is successful.IPv6-transition,hence,has been become the focus of both industry and academia. 展开更多
关键词 deciding merely difficulty Transition hence hundreds highlight tunneling transitional CERNET
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A Research on Consumer Behaviour: Konya Sample 认领 引用
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作者 A. Selcuk Koylüoglu U. Saliha Eken Inan O. Emrah Acar 《China-USA Business Review》 2018年第6期316-323,共8页
As one of the important part of our modern management understanding, providing customers’ desire and needs and to understand irrational behaviors, atitudes that can adapt changing and developing environmental conditi... As one of the important part of our modern management understanding, providing customers’ desire and needs and to understand irrational behaviors, atitudes that can adapt changing and developing environmental conditions thoroughly make their existence felt. From this point of view, for a business, it doesn’t matter from which sector it exists, concepts that show postmodern quality like consumer behavior became a powerful competitive tool by becoming a essential value. In fact, recently it has been mentioned how much and from which dimension consumers are affected from different factors. In this respect, from the perspective of increasing competition and technologic movements, the study that consumers decisions parameters are tried to be brought to light, the questions like how deciding process occurs, what are the steps of process and according to which factors the reasons in consumers mind during the decision process forms, will try to be answered by analysing the collected data. 展开更多
关键词 consumption consumer consumer deciding process
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My Good Habit 认领 引用
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作者 陈传光 张士杰 《中学生英语》 2024年第10期6-6,共1页
Eating healthy is my good habit.I used to having lots of bad eating habits.For example,I had no breakfast,but ate junk food or drank cola,so I often got sick.To keep fit,I decided to change my bad eating habits.Now,I ... Eating healthy is my good habit.I used to having lots of bad eating habits.For example,I had no breakfast,but ate junk food or drank cola,so I often got sick.To keep fit,I decided to change my bad eating habits.Now,I always have my three meals regularly.I try my best to eat more fresh fruit and green vegetables instead of junk food.I also drink more milk and water.Gradually,I find my body is geting more and more strong. 展开更多
关键词 eating vegetables decided
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民用飞行器仿真模拟与训练方法研究 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 陈浩 《科技创新导报》 2016年第23期13-13,79,共1页
民用飞行器是指用于非军事目的的飞行器(flight vehicle)。作为一种运人载物的交通工具,特别强调其安全性、经济性和舒适性,广泛应用于交通业、农业、旅游业等越来越多的领域。该文制定了可行、有效、经济的民用飞行器仿真模拟与训练方... 民用飞行器是指用于非军事目的的飞行器(flight vehicle)。作为一种运人载物的交通工具,特别强调其安全性、经济性和舒适性,广泛应用于交通业、农业、旅游业等越来越多的领域。该文制定了可行、有效、经济的民用飞行器仿真模拟与训练方法,建立了民用飞行器仿真模拟器训练的DECIDE模型,用于提高民用飞行仿真模拟器的训练效果,保证民用飞行器的安全飞行和任务的有效执行。 展开更多
关键词 民用飞行器 仿真模拟 N+1训练法 DECIDE模型
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2014年高考阅读理解题选读——记叙文16篇 认领 引用
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作者 薛晓星 罗丽雯 +3 位作者 朱咏梅 董秋芳 刘会平 舒清海 《广东教育（高中版）》 2014年第10期59-70,共12页
Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.
关键词 passenger 阅读理解题 father daughter decided story suddenly 推理判断 asked suffered
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a Prerequisite for State Governance Modernization Standardization 认领 引用
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作者 杜飞进 《China Standardization》 2016年第1期52-55,共4页
The modernization of state governance is not only the important dimension and content but also the prerequisite for China’s socialist modernization undertaking.In 2013,the 3rd Plenary Session of the 18th CPC national... The modernization of state governance is not only the important dimension and content but also the prerequisite for China’s socialist modernization undertaking.In 2013,the 3rd Plenary Session of the 18th CPC national Congress decided the general objective of deepening reforms in an all-around way:"the improvement and development of socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the modernization of state governance system and capacity".The strategic blueprint 展开更多
关键词 modernization governance prerequisite deepening socialist decided strategic circumstance handle heritage
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剽窃他人思想的最大原因(英文) 认领 引用
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作者 亚当·格兰特 张子琴 《大学英语》 2015年第5期39-41,共3页
Chances are that1 at some point in your career,you’ve taken an idea from someone else.I want to know why.There’s a clue in a story about one of the great bands2 of our time.All good things come to an end3,and by 197... Chances are that1 at some point in your career,you’ve taken an idea from someone else.I want to know why.There’s a clue in a story about one of the great bands2 of our time.All good things come to an end3,and by 1970,the beloved Beatles4 had decided to 展开更多
关键词 decided things Harrison someone career bands story pragmatic likely demonstration
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Notes of My Ambassadorial Days 认领 引用
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作者 Ai Hong Wang Bo 《International Understanding》 2015年第1期18-23,共6页
Overjoyed In the year 2000,the Chinese Central Government decided to select a number of candidates from the outside of the Foreign Ministry as reserve ambassadors.After rigorous selection procedures including recommen... Overjoyed In the year 2000,the Chinese Central Government decided to select a number of candidates from the outside of the Foreign Ministry as reserve ambassadors.After rigorous selection procedures including recommendation,qualification review,written test,interview,assessment and approval,I,who was then 展开更多
关键词 cooperation Premier interview rigorous approval Director bilateral decided Notes Minister
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