Amid the growing interest in triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)as novel energy-harvesting devices,several studies have focused on direct current(DC)TENGs to generate a stable DC output for operating electronic device...Amid the growing interest in triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)as novel energy-harvesting devices,several studies have focused on direct current(DC)TENGs to generate a stable DC output for operating electronic devices.However,owing to the working mechanisms of conventional DC TENGs,generating a stable DC output from reciprocating motion remains a challenge.Accordingly,we propose a bidirectional rotating DC TENG(BiR-TENG),which can generate DC outputs,regardless of the direction of rotation,from reciprocating motions.The distinct design of the BiR-TENG enables the mechanical rectification of the alternating current output into a rotational-direction-dependent DC output.Furthermore,it allows the conversion of the rotational-direction-dependent DC output into a unidirectional DC output by adapting the configurations depending on the rotational direction.Owing to these tailored design strategies and subsequent optimizations,the BiR-TENG could generate an effective unidirectional DC output.Applications of the BiR-TENG for the reciprocating motions of swinging doors and waves were demonstrated by harnessing this output.This study demonstrates the potential of the BiR-TENG design strategy as an effective and versatile solution for energy harvesting from reciprocating motions,highlighting the suitability of DC outputs as an energy source for electronic devices.展开更多
As one of the most important key technologies for future advanced light source based on the energy recovery linac, a photocathode dc electron gun is supported by Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) to address th...As one of the most important key technologies for future advanced light source based on the energy recovery linac, a photocathode dc electron gun is supported by Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) to address the technical challenges of producing very low ernittance beams at high average current. Construction of the dc gun is completed and a preliminary high voltage conditioning is carried out up to 440 k V. The design, construction and preliminary HV conditioning results for the dc gun are described.展开更多
A self-consistent model was adopted to study the time evolution of low-voltage pulsed DC glow discharge. The distributions of electric field, ion density and electron density in nitrogen were investigated in our simul...A self-consistent model was adopted to study the time evolution of low-voltage pulsed DC glow discharge. The distributions of electric field, ion density and electron density in nitrogen were investigated in our simulation, and the temporal shape of the discharge current was also obtained. Our results show that the dynamic behaviors of the discharge depends strongly on the applied pulse voltage, and the use of higher pulse voltages results in a significantly increase of discharge current and a decrease of discharge delay time. The current-voltage characteristic cMculated by adjusting secondary electron emission coefficient for different applied pulse voltage under the gas pressure of 1 Torr is found in a reasonable agreement with the experimental results.展开更多
We investigate the dc Josephson effect in one-dimensional junctions where a ring conductor is sandwiched between two semiconductor nanowires with proximity-induced superconductivity. Peculiar features of the Josephson...We investigate the dc Josephson effect in one-dimensional junctions where a ring conductor is sandwiched between two semiconductor nanowires with proximity-induced superconductivity. Peculiar features of the Josephson effect arise due to the interplay of spin-orbit interaction and external Zeenmn field. By tuning the Zeeman field orientation, the device can vary from 0 to π junction. Afore importantly, nonzero ,losephson current is possible at zero phase difference across the junction. Although this anomalous Josephson current is not relevant to the topological phase transition, its magnitude can be significantly enhanced whe, n the nanowire, s become topological superconductors where Majorana bound states emerge. Distinct modulation patterns are obtained for the semiconductor nanowires in the topologically trivial and non-trivial phases. These results are useful to probe the topological phase transition in semiconductor nanowire junctions via the dc Josephson effect.展开更多
Corona discharge suppression for high-voltage direct-current(HVDC)transmission lines at line terminals such as converter stations is a subject that requires attention.In this paper,a method based on a conductor covere...Corona discharge suppression for high-voltage direct-current(HVDC)transmission lines at line terminals such as converter stations is a subject that requires attention.In this paper,a method based on a conductor covered with dielectric film is proposed and implemented through a bench-scale setup.Compared with the bare conductor,the corona discharge suppression effect of the dielectric-film-covered conductor under positive polarity is studied from the composite field strength and ion current density using a line-plate experimental device.The influences of film thickness and film material on the corona discharge suppression effect are investigated.The charge accumulation and dissipation characteristics of different film materials are also studied.The results show that the conductor covered with dielectric film has excellent ability to inhibit corona discharge.The ground-level composite field strength of the conductor covered with dielectric film is lower than its nominal field strength,and its ion current density is at the nA m−2 level.The corona threshold voltage can be promoted by increasing the film thickness,but the ability to inhibit corona discharge becomes weak.The larger the surface electric field strength,the more charge accumulated,but the faster the charge dissipation rate.Compared with polyvinyl chloride film,cross-linked polyethylene film has stronger charge accumulation ability and slower charge dissipation rate,which can better restrain the corona discharge of HVDC transmission lines.展开更多
This paper reports that a series of silver oxide (AgzO) films are deposited on glass substrates by direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering at a substrate temperature of 250 ℃ and an oxygen flux ratio of 15:18...This paper reports that a series of silver oxide (AgzO) films are deposited on glass substrates by direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering at a substrate temperature of 250 ℃ and an oxygen flux ratio of 15:18 by modifying the sputtering power (SP). The AgxO films deposited apparently show a structural evolution from cubic biphased (AgO + Ag20) to cubic single-phased (Ag20), and to biphased (Ag20 + AgO) structure. Notably, the cubic single-phased Ag20 fihn is deposited at the SP = 105 W and an AgO phase with (220) orientation discerned in the Ag^O films deposited using the SP 〉 105 W. The transmissivity and refiectivity of the AgxO films in transparent region decrease with the increase the SP, whereas the absorptivity inversely increases with the increase of the SP. These results may be due to the structural evolution and the increasing film thickness. A redshift of the films' absorption edges determined in terms of Tauc formula clearly occurs from 3.1 eV to 2.73 eV with the increase of the SP.展开更多
The key plasma parameters under different discharge modes, such as heavy-particle and electron temperatures, electron number density, and nonequilibrium volume of plasmas, play important roles in various applications ...The key plasma parameters under different discharge modes, such as heavy-particle and electron temperatures, electron number density, and nonequilibrium volume of plasmas, play important roles in various applications of gas discharge plasmas. In this study, a self-consistent two-dimensional nonequilibrium fluid model coupled with an external circuit model is established to reveal the mechanisms related to the discharge modes, including the normal glow, abnormal glow,arc, and glow-to-arc transition modes, with an atmospheric-pressure direct-current(DC) argon discharge as a model plasma system. The modeling results show that, under different discharge modes, the most significant difference between the preceding four discharge modes lies in the current and energy transfer processes on the cathode side. On one hand, the current to the cathode surface is mainly delivered by the ions coming from the plasma column under the glow discharge mode due to the low temperature of the solid cathode, whereas the thermionic and secondary electrons emitted from the hot cathode surface play a very important role under the arc mode with a higher cathode surface temperature and higher ion flux toward the cathode. On the other hand, the energy transfer channel on the cathode side changes from mainly heating the solid cathode under the glow mode to simultaneously heating both the solid cathode and plasma column under the arc mode with an increase in the discharge current. Consequently, the power density in the cathode sheath(P_c) was used as a key parameter for judging different discharge modes, and the range of(0.28–1.2) × 1012 W m-3 was determined as a critical window of P_c corresponding to the glow-to-arc-mode transition for the atmospheric-pressure DC argon discharge, which was also verified by comparison with the experimental results in this study and the data in the previous literature.展开更多
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most promising and frequently used semiconductor materials. In-doped nanos- tructure ZnO thin films are grown on p-type gallium nitride substrates by employing the simultaneous rf and ...Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most promising and frequently used semiconductor materials. In-doped nanos- tructure ZnO thin films are grown on p-type gallium nitride substrates by employing the simultaneous rf and dc magnetron co-sputtering technique. The effect of In-doping on structural, morphological and electrical properties is studied. The different dopant concentrations are accomplished by varying the direct current power of the In target while keeping the fixed radio frequency power of the ZnO target through the co-sputtering deposition technique by using argon as the sputtering gas at ambient temperature. The structural analysis confirms that all the grown thin films preferentially orientate along the c-axis with the wurtzite hexagonal crystal structure without having any kind of In oxide phases. The presenting Zn, 0 and In elements' chemical compositions are identified with EDX mapping analysis of the deposited thin films and the calculated M ratio has been found to decrease with the increasing In power. The surface topographies of the grown thin films are examined with the atomic force microscope technique. The obtained results reveal that the grown film roughness increases with the In power. The Hall measurements ascertain that all the grown films have n-type conductivity and also the other electrical parameters such as resistivity,mobility and carrier concentration are analyzed.展开更多
This research aims to enhance the performance of photovoltaic(PV)systems on a 2-fold basis.Firstly,it introduces an advanced deep artificial neural network algorithm for accurate and fast maximum power point tracking,...This research aims to enhance the performance of photovoltaic(PV)systems on a 2-fold basis.Firstly,it introduces an advanced deep artificial neural network algorithm for accurate and fast maximum power point tracking,ensuring optimal extraction of electrical power from PV arrays.Secondly,it proposes the use of 96-V,2.98-kW direct-current(DC)water pumps for farm irrigation,aiming to improve efficiency,reduce cost and complexity,and overcome challenges associated with connecting faraway farm irrigation systems to the utility grid.In this study,it has been demonstrated that the use of DC pumps greatly improves system performance and efficiency by eliminating the need for isolation transformers,power passive filters and inverters,therefore simplifying the architecture of the system.The efficacy of the proposed methodology is confirmed by MATLAB®/Simulink®simulation results,whereby the proposed algorithm attains a mean squared error of 6.5705×10-5and a system efficiency approaching 99.8%,ensuring a steady voltage under varying load conditions.展开更多
换相失败(commutation failure,CF)是电网换相换流高压直流输电技术(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)所面临的固有难题。为彻底解决换相失败问题,该文提出基于逆阻型集成门极换流晶闸管(reverse...换相失败(commutation failure,CF)是电网换相换流高压直流输电技术(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)所面临的固有难题。为彻底解决换相失败问题,该文提出基于逆阻型集成门极换流晶闸管(reverse blocking integrated gate commutated thyristor,RB-IGCT)的混合换相换流器(hybrid commutated converter,HCC)技术,该技术可以利用恢复增强自然换相和主动关断强迫换相两种方式进行换相。首先,探讨HCC拓扑相较于LCC需要做出的改动,并在此基础上提出基于运行工况自适应的多模式切换控制策略;通过建立120 kV/3000 A超高压直流输电系统电磁暂态仿真模型,对HCC的暂态响应、稳态运行及典型故障工况下的动态特性进行系统性分析;进一步,研制IGCT-HCC物理实验平台,通过组件级功能测试与系统级对拖试验的交叉验证,证实HCC方案在换相成功概率与故障穿越能力等关键指标上的优越性。该文可为新一代混合换相装备的工程化应用提供理论支撑与技术路径,对构建高可靠性的直流输电系统具有重要工程应用价值。展开更多
针对柔性直流输电系统(voltage source converter based high voltage direct current transmission,VSC-HVDC)控制参数设计过程中存在的鲁棒性差、依赖已知电路参数、工程设计经验化等问题,提出一种基于马尔科夫转换场(Markov transiti...针对柔性直流输电系统(voltage source converter based high voltage direct current transmission,VSC-HVDC)控制参数设计过程中存在的鲁棒性差、依赖已知电路参数、工程设计经验化等问题,提出一种基于马尔科夫转换场(Markov transition field,MTF)与深度确定性策略梯度算法(deep deterministic policy gradient,DDPG)结合的鲁棒性强、不依赖电路参数特性以及可视化的VSC-HVDC控制参数优化设计方法。首先,采用马尔科夫转换场将电路功率、电压等一维时序波形数据转换为二维马尔科夫转换场域图像并使用马尔科夫转换场损失函数(Markov transition field loss,MTFL)判断二维转换域图的数据波动性;其次,将MTFL损失函数与DDPG算法相结合,综合利用MTFL损失函数对系统输出时序数据动态特性评价能力更强的优点和DDPG算法泛化性能优秀的特点,实现VSC-HVDC系统控制参数优化;最后,通过MATLAB模拟和实验结果验证该方法的有效性。展开更多
随着电网换相型高压直流输电(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)技术的广泛应用,交直流混联电网的谐波交互问题愈加复杂,建立LCC-HVDC小信号模型是分析换流器交直流谐波耦合特性的重要手段。为此...随着电网换相型高压直流输电(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)技术的广泛应用,交直流混联电网的谐波交互问题愈加复杂,建立LCC-HVDC小信号模型是分析换流器交直流谐波耦合特性的重要手段。为此,基于谐波状态空间理论(harmonic state space, HSS)建立双端12脉动LCC-HVDC小信号模型,不仅考虑了LCC谐波传递特性,还考虑了换流变压器联结方式、控制链路延时等因素的影响。采用模块化思想分别建立各子系统谐波状态空间模型,通过接口矩阵连接为整体,使得LCC的谐波状态空间建模在易于扩展的同时,提高了精确度。最后,给出交直流谐波传递的具体表达式,并通过PSCAD仿真验证模型的准确性。所建模型不仅为后续扩展或接入更为复杂的系统奠定了基础,还可应用于双端LCC系统谐波交互稳定性评估和系统参数优化设计。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.2022R1C1C1008831).This work was also supported by the Human Resources Development of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)grant funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry and Energy of Korea(No.RS-2023-00244330).S J P was supported by Basic Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(No.2018R1A6A1A03025526).
摘要Amid the growing interest in triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)as novel energy-harvesting devices,several studies have focused on direct current(DC)TENGs to generate a stable DC output for operating electronic devices.However,owing to the working mechanisms of conventional DC TENGs,generating a stable DC output from reciprocating motion remains a challenge.Accordingly,we propose a bidirectional rotating DC TENG(BiR-TENG),which can generate DC outputs,regardless of the direction of rotation,from reciprocating motions.The distinct design of the BiR-TENG enables the mechanical rectification of the alternating current output into a rotational-direction-dependent DC output.Furthermore,it allows the conversion of the rotational-direction-dependent DC output into a unidirectional DC output by adapting the configurations depending on the rotational direction.Owing to these tailored design strategies and subsequent optimizations,the BiR-TENG could generate an effective unidirectional DC output.Applications of the BiR-TENG for the reciprocating motions of swinging doors and waves were demonstrated by harnessing this output.This study demonstrates the potential of the BiR-TENG design strategy as an effective and versatile solution for energy harvesting from reciprocating motions,highlighting the suitability of DC outputs as an energy source for electronic devices.
基金Supported by the Innovation and Technology Fund of Institute of High Energy Physics
摘要As one of the most important key technologies for future advanced light source based on the energy recovery linac, a photocathode dc electron gun is supported by Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) to address the technical challenges of producing very low ernittance beams at high average current. Construction of the dc gun is completed and a preliminary high voltage conditioning is carried out up to 440 k V. The design, construction and preliminary HV conditioning results for the dc gun are described.
基金supported by the Program for Innovative Research Team of High Education in Liaoning province of China (No.2009T055)
摘要A self-consistent model was adopted to study the time evolution of low-voltage pulsed DC glow discharge. The distributions of electric field, ion density and electron density in nitrogen were investigated in our simulation, and the temporal shape of the discharge current was also obtained. Our results show that the dynamic behaviors of the discharge depends strongly on the applied pulse voltage, and the use of higher pulse voltages results in a significantly increase of discharge current and a decrease of discharge delay time. The current-voltage characteristic cMculated by adjusting secondary electron emission coefficient for different applied pulse voltage under the gas pressure of 1 Torr is found in a reasonable agreement with the experimental results.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No 15D210901the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11174049 and 61290301the National University Student Innovation Program under Grant No 14T10902
摘要We investigate the dc Josephson effect in one-dimensional junctions where a ring conductor is sandwiched between two semiconductor nanowires with proximity-induced superconductivity. Peculiar features of the Josephson effect arise due to the interplay of spin-orbit interaction and external Zeenmn field. By tuning the Zeeman field orientation, the device can vary from 0 to π junction. Afore importantly, nonzero ,losephson current is possible at zero phase difference across the junction. Although this anomalous Josephson current is not relevant to the topological phase transition, its magnitude can be significantly enhanced whe, n the nanowire, s become topological superconductors where Majorana bound states emerge. Distinct modulation patterns are obtained for the semiconductor nanowires in the topologically trivial and non-trivial phases. These results are useful to probe the topological phase transition in semiconductor nanowire junctions via the dc Josephson effect.
基金by State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company(52062618001M)。
摘要Corona discharge suppression for high-voltage direct-current(HVDC)transmission lines at line terminals such as converter stations is a subject that requires attention.In this paper,a method based on a conductor covered with dielectric film is proposed and implemented through a bench-scale setup.Compared with the bare conductor,the corona discharge suppression effect of the dielectric-film-covered conductor under positive polarity is studied from the composite field strength and ion current density using a line-plate experimental device.The influences of film thickness and film material on the corona discharge suppression effect are investigated.The charge accumulation and dissipation characteristics of different film materials are also studied.The results show that the conductor covered with dielectric film has excellent ability to inhibit corona discharge.The ground-level composite field strength of the conductor covered with dielectric film is lower than its nominal field strength,and its ion current density is at the nA m−2 level.The corona threshold voltage can be promoted by increasing the film thickness,but the ability to inhibit corona discharge becomes weak.The larger the surface electric field strength,the more charge accumulated,but the faster the charge dissipation rate.Compared with polyvinyl chloride film,cross-linked polyethylene film has stronger charge accumulation ability and slower charge dissipation rate,which can better restrain the corona discharge of HVDC transmission lines.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60807001)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CB201605)the Foundation of Henan Educational Committee (Grant No. 2010A140017)
摘要This paper reports that a series of silver oxide (AgzO) films are deposited on glass substrates by direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering at a substrate temperature of 250 ℃ and an oxygen flux ratio of 15:18 by modifying the sputtering power (SP). The AgxO films deposited apparently show a structural evolution from cubic biphased (AgO + Ag20) to cubic single-phased (Ag20), and to biphased (Ag20 + AgO) structure. Notably, the cubic single-phased Ag20 fihn is deposited at the SP = 105 W and an AgO phase with (220) orientation discerned in the Ag^O films deposited using the SP 〉 105 W. The transmissivity and refiectivity of the AgxO films in transparent region decrease with the increase the SP, whereas the absorptivity inversely increases with the increase of the SP. These results may be due to the structural evolution and the increasing film thickness. A redshift of the films' absorption edges determined in terms of Tauc formula clearly occurs from 3.1 eV to 2.73 eV with the increase of the SP.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 12075132)。
摘要The key plasma parameters under different discharge modes, such as heavy-particle and electron temperatures, electron number density, and nonequilibrium volume of plasmas, play important roles in various applications of gas discharge plasmas. In this study, a self-consistent two-dimensional nonequilibrium fluid model coupled with an external circuit model is established to reveal the mechanisms related to the discharge modes, including the normal glow, abnormal glow,arc, and glow-to-arc transition modes, with an atmospheric-pressure direct-current(DC) argon discharge as a model plasma system. The modeling results show that, under different discharge modes, the most significant difference between the preceding four discharge modes lies in the current and energy transfer processes on the cathode side. On one hand, the current to the cathode surface is mainly delivered by the ions coming from the plasma column under the glow discharge mode due to the low temperature of the solid cathode, whereas the thermionic and secondary electrons emitted from the hot cathode surface play a very important role under the arc mode with a higher cathode surface temperature and higher ion flux toward the cathode. On the other hand, the energy transfer channel on the cathode side changes from mainly heating the solid cathode under the glow mode to simultaneously heating both the solid cathode and plasma column under the arc mode with an increase in the discharge current. Consequently, the power density in the cathode sheath(P_c) was used as a key parameter for judging different discharge modes, and the range of(0.28–1.2) × 1012 W m-3 was determined as a critical window of P_c corresponding to the glow-to-arc-mode transition for the atmospheric-pressure DC argon discharge, which was also verified by comparison with the experimental results in this study and the data in the previous literature.
基金Supported by the RU Top-Down under Grant No 1001/CSS/870019
摘要Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most promising and frequently used semiconductor materials. In-doped nanos- tructure ZnO thin films are grown on p-type gallium nitride substrates by employing the simultaneous rf and dc magnetron co-sputtering technique. The effect of In-doping on structural, morphological and electrical properties is studied. The different dopant concentrations are accomplished by varying the direct current power of the In target while keeping the fixed radio frequency power of the ZnO target through the co-sputtering deposition technique by using argon as the sputtering gas at ambient temperature. The structural analysis confirms that all the grown thin films preferentially orientate along the c-axis with the wurtzite hexagonal crystal structure without having any kind of In oxide phases. The presenting Zn, 0 and In elements' chemical compositions are identified with EDX mapping analysis of the deposited thin films and the calculated M ratio has been found to decrease with the increasing In power. The surface topographies of the grown thin films are examined with the atomic force microscope technique. The obtained results reveal that the grown film roughness increases with the In power. The Hall measurements ascertain that all the grown films have n-type conductivity and also the other electrical parameters such as resistivity,mobility and carrier concentration are analyzed.
摘要This research aims to enhance the performance of photovoltaic(PV)systems on a 2-fold basis.Firstly,it introduces an advanced deep artificial neural network algorithm for accurate and fast maximum power point tracking,ensuring optimal extraction of electrical power from PV arrays.Secondly,it proposes the use of 96-V,2.98-kW direct-current(DC)water pumps for farm irrigation,aiming to improve efficiency,reduce cost and complexity,and overcome challenges associated with connecting faraway farm irrigation systems to the utility grid.In this study,it has been demonstrated that the use of DC pumps greatly improves system performance and efficiency by eliminating the need for isolation transformers,power passive filters and inverters,therefore simplifying the architecture of the system.The efficacy of the proposed methodology is confirmed by MATLAB®/Simulink®simulation results,whereby the proposed algorithm attains a mean squared error of 6.5705×10-5and a system efficiency approaching 99.8%,ensuring a steady voltage under varying load conditions.
摘要换相失败(commutation failure,CF)是电网换相换流高压直流输电技术(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)所面临的固有难题。为彻底解决换相失败问题,该文提出基于逆阻型集成门极换流晶闸管(reverse blocking integrated gate commutated thyristor,RB-IGCT)的混合换相换流器(hybrid commutated converter,HCC)技术,该技术可以利用恢复增强自然换相和主动关断强迫换相两种方式进行换相。首先,探讨HCC拓扑相较于LCC需要做出的改动,并在此基础上提出基于运行工况自适应的多模式切换控制策略;通过建立120 kV/3000 A超高压直流输电系统电磁暂态仿真模型,对HCC的暂态响应、稳态运行及典型故障工况下的动态特性进行系统性分析;进一步,研制IGCT-HCC物理实验平台,通过组件级功能测试与系统级对拖试验的交叉验证,证实HCC方案在换相成功概率与故障穿越能力等关键指标上的优越性。该文可为新一代混合换相装备的工程化应用提供理论支撑与技术路径,对构建高可靠性的直流输电系统具有重要工程应用价值。
摘要针对柔性直流输电系统(voltage source converter based high voltage direct current transmission,VSC-HVDC)控制参数设计过程中存在的鲁棒性差、依赖已知电路参数、工程设计经验化等问题,提出一种基于马尔科夫转换场(Markov transition field,MTF)与深度确定性策略梯度算法(deep deterministic policy gradient,DDPG)结合的鲁棒性强、不依赖电路参数特性以及可视化的VSC-HVDC控制参数优化设计方法。首先,采用马尔科夫转换场将电路功率、电压等一维时序波形数据转换为二维马尔科夫转换场域图像并使用马尔科夫转换场损失函数(Markov transition field loss,MTFL)判断二维转换域图的数据波动性;其次,将MTFL损失函数与DDPG算法相结合,综合利用MTFL损失函数对系统输出时序数据动态特性评价能力更强的优点和DDPG算法泛化性能优秀的特点,实现VSC-HVDC系统控制参数优化;最后,通过MATLAB模拟和实验结果验证该方法的有效性。
摘要随着电网换相型高压直流输电(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)技术的广泛应用,交直流混联电网的谐波交互问题愈加复杂,建立LCC-HVDC小信号模型是分析换流器交直流谐波耦合特性的重要手段。为此,基于谐波状态空间理论(harmonic state space, HSS)建立双端12脉动LCC-HVDC小信号模型,不仅考虑了LCC谐波传递特性,还考虑了换流变压器联结方式、控制链路延时等因素的影响。采用模块化思想分别建立各子系统谐波状态空间模型,通过接口矩阵连接为整体,使得LCC的谐波状态空间建模在易于扩展的同时,提高了精确度。最后,给出交直流谐波传递的具体表达式,并通过PSCAD仿真验证模型的准确性。所建模型不仅为后续扩展或接入更为复杂的系统奠定了基础,还可应用于双端LCC系统谐波交互稳定性评估和系统参数优化设计。