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Review on mushroom mycelium-based products and their production process:from upstream to downstream 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 Hyun-Jae Shin Hyeon-Su Ro +1 位作者 Moriyuki Kawauchi Yoichi Honda 《Bioresources and Bioprocessing》 SCIE EI CSCD 2025年第1期27-47,共21页
The global trend toward carbon neutrality and sustainability calls for collaborative efforts in both the basic and applied research sectors to utilize mushroom mycelia as environmentally friendly and sustainable mater... The global trend toward carbon neutrality and sustainability calls for collaborative efforts in both the basic and applied research sectors to utilize mushroom mycelia as environmentally friendly and sustainable materials.Fungi,along with animals and plants,are one of the major eukaryotic life forms.They have long been utilized in traditional biotechnology sectors,such as food fermentation,antibiotic production,and industrial enzyme production.Some fungi have also been consumed as major food crops,such as the fruiting bodies of various mushrooms.Recently,new trends have emerged,shifting from traditional applications towards the innovative use of mushroom mycelium as eco-friendly bioresources.This approach has gained attention in the development of alternative meats,mycofabrication of biocomposites,and production of mycelial leather and fabrics.These applications aim to replace animal husbandry and recycle agricultural waste for use in construction and electrical materials.This paper reviews current research trends on industrial applications of mushroom mycelia,covering strain improvements and molecular breeding as well as mycelial products and the production processes.Key findings,practical considerations,and valorization are also discussed. 展开更多
关键词 Mushroom Mycelium Biomaterials Biocomposite Mycofabrication Upstream Downstream Molecular breeding Valorization Bioproducts
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Energy-output electrosynthesis and downstream conversion of hydrogen peroxide in a unified system 认领 引用
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作者 Junchi Zhang Yiming Li +3 位作者 Jingfang Zhang Shuoao Wang Zhengshun Wu Yi Huang 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第12期393-400,I0011,共8页
Hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)production via electrochemical two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)holds a great promise for sustainable energy storage.However,the issues such as high energy consumption and diffic... Hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)production via electrochemical two-electron oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)holds a great promise for sustainable energy storage.However,the issues such as high energy consumption and difficult extraction of thermodynamically unstable H2O2 still need to be resolved.Herein,we reported a unified system for energy-out production and downstream conversion of H2O2.By replacing the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction with a hydrazine oxidation reaction(HzOR),the cell of twoelectron ORR coupled with HzOR achieves the co-generation of electricity energy and valuable H2O2.By employing Ru single atoms anchored on cobalt hydroxide(for HzOR)and NiSe2(for ORR)as electrocatalysts,both exhibiting onset potentials near the theoretical values for their respective reactions,the ORR‖HzOR cell exhibits an energy output of 3.58 mW cm-2 and generates 0.66 kWh of electricity per kg of H2O2.with a production rate of 583 mmol h-1 H2O2.The produced H2O2 was subsequently in-situ upgraded via three downstream conversion pathways to yield value-added products of sodium percarbonate,sodium peroxyborate,and ethylene glycol.A techno-economic analysis confirmed the economic viability of this ORR‖HzOR coupled with downstream conversion system. 展开更多
关键词 Hydrogen peroxide Energy output Hydrazine oxidation reaction Oxygen reduction reaction Downstream conversion
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Effect of downstream water level on operation features of a dropshaft--tunnel system 认领 引用
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作者 Nian Ye Zhaolin Zheng Yiyi Ma 《Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters》 EI CAS CSCD 2025年第5期479-485,共7页
This study investigated the operation features of a dropshaft-tunnel system under varying downstream water levels through a large-scale physical model.In the experiments,the air pressure distribution in the system was... This study investigated the operation features of a dropshaft-tunnel system under varying downstream water levels through a large-scale physical model.In the experiments,the air pressure distribution in the system was measured,and the flow pattern was recorded by cameras.The results revealed that the air pressure in the drop-shaft increased with increasing water flow rate under free outflow conditions but changed little when the outflow was submerged,even when the flow rate further increased.Additionally,there was a wavy flow in the tunnel un-der free outflow conditions,whereas plug flow with air pockets occurred under submerged outflow conditions.The downstream water level was found to affect the system through changing the linkage between the drop-shaft and tunnel and the resistance to air release downstream.The findings of this study contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the operation of deep tunnel systems. 展开更多
关键词 Air‒water flow Deep-tunnel system Downstream water level Dropshaft Pressure
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Interacting effects of multiple factors on the morphological evolution of the meandering reaches downstream the Three Gorges Dam 认领 引用 被引量：7
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作者 HAN Jianqiao ZHANG Wei +1 位作者 FAN Yongyang YU Mengqing 《Journal of Geographical Sciences》 SCIE CSCD 2017年第10期1268-1278,共11页
Elucidating the influence of dams on fluvial processes can inform river protection and basin management. However, relatively few studies have focused on how multiple factors interact to affect the morphological evolut... Elucidating the influence of dams on fluvial processes can inform river protection and basin management. However, relatively few studies have focused on how multiple factors interact to affect the morphological evolution of meandering reaches. Using hydrological and topographical data, we analyzed the factors that influence and regulate the meandering reaches downstream the Three Gorges Dam （TGD）. Our conclusions are as follows. （1） The meandering reaches can be classified into two types based on their evolution during the pre-dam period： G1 reaches, characterized by convex point bar erosion and concave channel deposition （CECD）, and G2 reaches, characterized by convex point bar deposition and concave channel erosion （CDCE）. Both reach types exhibited CECD features during the post-dam period, （2） Flow processes and sediment transport are the factors that caused serious erosion of the low beaches located in the convex point bars. However, changes in the river regime, river boundaries and jacking of Dongting Lake do not act as primary controls on the morphological evolution of the meandering reaches. （3） Flood discharges ranging from 20,000 to 25,000 m^3/s result in greater erosion of convex point bars. The point bars become scoured if the durations of these flows, which are close to bankfull discharge, exceed 20 days. In addition, the reduction in bedload causes the decreasing of point bar siltation in the water-falling period. （4） During the post-dam period, flood abatement, the increased duration of discharges ranging from 20,000 to 25,000 m^3/s, and a significant reduction in sediment transport are the main factors that caused meandering reaches to show CECD features. Our results are relevant to other meandering reaches, where they can inform estimates of riverbed change, river management strategies and river protection. 展开更多
关键词 reaches downstream dams meandering river morphological evolution Three Gorges Dam
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Formation of the Yalong Downstream Terraces in the SE Tibetan Plateau and Its Implication for the Uplift of the Plateau 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 HE Zexin ZHANG Xujiao +3 位作者 QIAO Yansong BAO Shuyan LU Chunyu HE Xiangli 《Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第2期542-560,共19页
The Yalong River is an important river that runs across the abruptly changing terrain of the SE Tibetan Plateau. The terraces and Quaternary sediments in its valleys preserve the information of tectonic uplift, climat... The Yalong River is an important river that runs across the abruptly changing terrain of the SE Tibetan Plateau. The terraces and Quaternary sediments in its valleys preserve the information of tectonic uplift, climate changes, and landform evolution since the Middle Pleistocene. Based on geomorphological, sedimentological, and chronological investigations, 6-8 terraces are identified in the lower reaches of Yalong catchment and its tributary--the Anning River. The electron spin resonance （ESR） or optically stimulated luminescence （OSL） data on the alluvial sediments in the upper portion of terraces indicate that they formed in 1.10, 0.90, 0.72, 0.06-0.04, 0.03-0.02, and 0.01 Ma. Tectonic uplift and the climatic cycle controlled the formation of the Yalong River terraces. The former dominated the dissection depths and incision rates, whereas the latter controlled the transformation between accumulation, which developed during the glacial period, and incision, which developed during the glacial-interglacial transition. The Yalong downstream incised rapidly from 1.10 to 0.72 Ma and rapidly from 0.06 Ma until the present; the terraces developed during these two periods. The incision rates in space during the two periods indicate the uplifting extent of the Jinpingshan area, which decreases toward the east and the south. The results reveal two rapidly uplifting stages in the SE Tibetan Plateau, including an accelerated uplifting since 0.06 Ma. Since the Middle Pleistocene, the tectonic uplift of the SE and NE parts of the Tibetan Plateau is synchronous, according to the same development stages of the river terraces of the Yalong downstream and the Yellow River in the Lanzhou area of the NE Tibetan Plateau. The difference in the horizontal displacement between the Xianshuihe Fault and the Anninghe Fault bend resulted in the rapid uplift of the Jinpingshan area. The incision rate for the spatial distribution of the Yalong downstream is the geomorphologicai response of crustal shortening and uplift differences in the SE margin block of the Tibetan Plateau. The southeastward diffusion process of the Tibetan Plateau was recorded. 展开更多
关键词 Yalong downstream Anning River river terrace tectonic uplift climate change the Tibetan Plateau
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N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 inhibition of tumor progression in Caco2 cells 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Yi-Xiao He Hong Shen +5 位作者 Yu-Zhu Ji Hai-Rong Hua Yu Zhu Xiang-Fei Zeng Fang Wang Kai-Xin Wang 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology》 SCIE 2022年第12期2313-2328,共16页
BACKGROUND Invasion and migration are the irreversible stages of colorectal cancer(CRC).The key is to find a sensitive,reliable molecular marker that can predict the migration of CRC at an early stage.N-myc downstream... BACKGROUND Invasion and migration are the irreversible stages of colorectal cancer(CRC).The key is to find a sensitive,reliable molecular marker that can predict the migration of CRC at an early stage.N-myc downstream regulated gene 1(NDRG1)is a multifunctional gene that has been tentatively reported to have a strong relationship with tumor invasion and migration,however the current molecular role of NDRG1 in CRC remains unknown.AIM To explore the role of NDRG1 in the development of CRC.METHODS NDRG1 stably over-expressed Caco2 cell line was established by lentiviral infection and NDRG1 knock-out Caco2 cell line was established by CRISPR/Cas9.Furthermore,the mRNA and protein levels of NDRG1 in Caco2 cells after NDRG1 over-expression and knockout were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot.The cell proliferation rate was measured by the cell counting kit-8 method;cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry;invasion and migration ability were detected by the 24-transwell method.RESULTS NDRG1 over-expression inhibited Caco2 proliferation and the cell cycle could be arrested at the G1/S phase when NDRG1 was over-expressed,while the number of cells in the G2 phase was significantly increased when NDRG1 was knocked out.This suggests that NDRG1 inhibited the proliferation of Caco2 cells by arresting the cell cycle in the G1/S phase.Our data also demonstrated that NDRG1 promotes early cell apoptosis.Invasion and migration of cells were extensively inhibited when NDRG1 was over-expressed.CONCLUSION NDRG1 inhibits tumor progression in Caco2 cells which may represent a potential novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of CRC. 展开更多
关键词 N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 Caco2 Colorectal cancer Tumor progression CRISPR/Cas9 Lentivirus infection
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Raman spectroscopy as process analytical tool in downstream processing of biotechnology 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Yu Kiat Lin Hui Yi Leong +2 位作者 Tau Chuan Ling Dong-Qiang Lin Shan-Jing Yao 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第2期204-211,共8页
Downstream processing or product recovery plays a vital role in the development of bioprocesses.To improve the bioprocess efficiency,some unconventional methods are much required.The continuous manufacturing in downst... Downstream processing or product recovery plays a vital role in the development of bioprocesses.To improve the bioprocess efficiency,some unconventional methods are much required.The continuous manufacturing in downstream processing makes the Process Analytical Technologies(PATs)as an important tool.Monitoring and controlling bioprocess are an essential factor for the principles of PAT and quality by design.Spectroscopic methods can apply to monitor multiple analytes in real-time with less sample processing with significant advancements.Raman spectroscopy is an extensively used technique as an analytical and research tool owing to its modest process form,non-destructive,non-invasive optical molecular spectroscopic imaging with computer-based analysis.Generally,its application is essential for the analysis and characterization of biological samples,and it is easy to operate with minimal sample.The innovation on various types of enhanced Raman spectroscopy was designed to enhance the Raman analytical technique.Raman spectroscopy could couple with chemometrics to provide reliable alternative analysis method of downstream process analysis.Thus,this review aims to provide useful insight on the application of Raman spectroscopy for PAT in downstream processing of biotechnology and Raman data analysis in biological fields. 展开更多
关键词 Raman spectroscopy Process analytical technology Downstream bioprocessing Biotechnology
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Climate-Vegetation Coverage Interactions in the Hengduan Mountains Area,Southeastern Tibetan Plateau,and Their Downstream Effects 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Congxi FANG Jinlei CHEN +4 位作者 Chaojun OUYANG Lu WANG Changfeng SUN Quan ZHANG Jun WEN 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第4期701-716,共16页
Little is known about the mechanism of climate-vegetation coverage coupled changes in the Tibetan Plateau(TP)region,which is the most climatically sensitive and ecologically fragile region with the highest terrain in ... Little is known about the mechanism of climate-vegetation coverage coupled changes in the Tibetan Plateau(TP)region,which is the most climatically sensitive and ecologically fragile region with the highest terrain in the world.This study,using multisource datasets(including satellite data and meteorological observations and reanalysis data)revealed the mutual feedback mechanisms between changes in climate(temperature and precipitation)and vegetation coverage in recent decades in the Hengduan Mountains Area(HMA)of the southeastern TP and their influences on climate in the downstream region,the Sichuan Basin(SCB).There is mutual facilitation between rising air temperature and increasing vegetation coverage in the HMA,which is most significant during winter,and then during spring,but insignificant during summer and autumn.Rising temperature significantly enhances local vegetation coverage,and vegetation greening in turn heats the atmosphere via enhancing net heat flux from the surface to the atmosphere.The atmospheric heating anomaly over the HMA thickens the atmospheric column and increases upper air pressure.The high pressure anomaly disperses downstream via the westerly flow,expands across the SCB,and eventually increases the SCB temperature.This effect lasts from winter to the following spring,which may cause the maximum increasing trend of the SCB temperature and vegetation coverage in spring.These results are helpful for estimating future trends in climate and eco-environmental variations in the HMA and SCB under warming scenarios,as well as seasonal forecasting based on the connection between the HMA eco-environment and SCB climate. 展开更多
关键词 Hengduan Mountains Area normalized difference vegetation index climate change net heat flux downstream effects
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Non-Uniform Sediment Transport Downstream from Reservoir 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 李义天 陈飞 《Transactions of Tianjin University》 EI CAS 2008年第4期263-270,共8页
The transport characters of non-uniform sediment before and after the reservoir operation are compared and analyzed. Field data from the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), Danjiangkou, and Sanmenxia reservoir indicate that... The transport characters of non-uniform sediment before and after the reservoir operation are compared and analyzed. Field data from the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), Danjiangkou, and Sanmenxia reservoir indicate that the transport character of coarse particle is various in different reaches. Before the reservoir operation, the dramatic decrease of the hydraulic condition in some reaches is the main reason to cause the coarse particle deposited. After the reservoir operation, almost all grain sized sediment may be eroded, when the reach is eroded seriously. However, the transport character of the coarse particle will be consistent with what it was before, when the reach is not eroded seriously. The deposition amount will be less than its pre-dam value, and it will tend to decrease with the time going on. Erosion of fine particle results from its unsaturation. Longdistance erosion downstream from reservoir is caused by shortage of the supply from riverbed, especially the shortage of fine particle. 展开更多
关键词 downstream from reservoir grain sized sediment hydraulic condition
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Study on RZ-4PAM downstream signals with duty cycles of 33% and 50% for optical access system application 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 CHEN Fu-ping SHAG Yu-feng +4 位作者 CHEN Lao SHEN Shi-lu WANG An- rong LUO Ying-xiang ZHAO Yun-jle 《Optoelectronics Letters》 EI 2017年第1期63-66,共4页
4-ary pulse amplitude modulation(4PAM) signals with 33% and 50% return-to-zero(RZ) clocks are generated for passive optical network(PON). We demonstrate that RZ-4PAM signals with duty cycles of 33% and 50% after trans... 4-ary pulse amplitude modulation(4PAM) signals with 33% and 50% return-to-zero(RZ) clocks are generated for passive optical network(PON). We demonstrate that RZ-4PAM signals with duty cycles of 33% and 50% after transmission over 20-km-long single mode fiber(SMF) at 10 Gbit/s can be directly detected by using one photo detector,and the original data can also be restored by one M-ary threshold detector and one 4PAM sequence decoder. The optical spectra of 33% and 50% RZ-4PAM signals are measured,and their eye-diagrams before and after transmission are also analyzed. Simulation results show that 33% and 50% RZ-4PAM downlink signals can be received effectively,and the received power values are-15.1 d Bm and-13.8 d Bm when the bit error rate(BER) is 10-6. Moreover,33% RZ-4PAM optical signals have better reception performance than 50% RZ-4PAM optical signals. 展开更多
关键词 downstream decoder restored downlink return transmitting deliver modulator customer instead
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Downstream pressure and elastic wall reflection of droplet flow in a T-junction microchannel 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Yan Pang Zhaomiao Liu Fuwang Zhao 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第4期579-587,共9页
This paper discusses pressure variation on a wall during the process of liquid flow and droplet formation in a T-junction microchannel. Relevant pressure in the channel, deformation of the elastic wall, and responses ... This paper discusses pressure variation on a wall during the process of liquid flow and droplet formation in a T-junction microchannel. Relevant pressure in the channel, deformation of the elastic wall, and responses of the droplet generation are analyzed using a numerical method.The pressure difference between the continuous and dispersed phases can indicate the droplet-generation period. The pressure along the channel of the droplet flow is affected by the position of droplets, droplet-generation period, and droplet escape from the outlet. The varying pressures along the channel cause a nonuniform deformation of the wall when they are elastic. The deformation is a vibration and has the same period as the droplet generation arising from the process of droplet formation. 展开更多
关键词 droplet junction dispersed outlet surfactant reaches nonuniform length magnitude downstream
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Downstream processing of recombinant human insulin and its analogues production from E.coli inclusion bodies 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Yin Yin Siew Wei Zhang 《Bioresources and Bioprocessing》 SCIE EI 2021年第1期1014-1040,共27页
The Global Diabetes Compact was launched by the World Health Organization in April 2021 with one of its important goals to increase the accessibility and affordability of life-saving medicine-insulin.The rising preval... The Global Diabetes Compact was launched by the World Health Organization in April 2021 with one of its important goals to increase the accessibility and affordability of life-saving medicine-insulin.The rising prevalence of diabetes worldwide is bound to escalate the demand for recombinant insulin therapeutics,and currently,the majority of recombinant insulin therapeutics are produced from E.coli inclusion bodies.Here,a comprehensive review of downstream processing of recombinant human insulin/analogue production from E.coli inclusion bodies is presented.All the critical aspects of downstream processing,starting from proinsulin recovery from inclusion bodies,inclusion body washing,inclusion body solubilization and oxidative sulfitolysis,cyanogen bromide cleavage,buffer exchange,purification by chromatography,pH precipitation and zinc crystallization methods,proinsulin refolding,enzymatic cleavage,and formulation,are explained in this review.Pertinent examples are summarized and the practical aspects of integrating every procedure into a multimodal purification scheme are critically discussed.In the face of increasing global demand for insulin product,there is a pressing need to develop a more efficient and economical production process.The information presented would be insightful to all the manufacturers and stakeholders for the production of human insulins,insulin analogues or biosimilars,as they strive to make further progresses in therapeutic recombinant insulin development and production. 展开更多
关键词 Recombinant human insulin Insulin analogues E.coli inclusion bodies Downstream processing Purification
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Downstream Development of Baroclinic Waves in the Midlatitude Jet Induced by Extratropical Transition: A Case Study 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 CHEN Hua 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第4期528-540,共13页
This study uses eddy kinetic energy analysis and a targeting method to investigate how an extratropical transition（ET）event induced downstream development（the modification of the midlatitude flow downstream of the ... This study uses eddy kinetic energy analysis and a targeting method to investigate how an extratropical transition（ET）event induced downstream development（the modification of the midlatitude flow downstream of the ET system） in the midlatitude jet environment. The downstream development showed distinct characteristics of ＂coupling development＂ and being ＂boundary-trapped＂. Eddies（potential disturbances） first developed at the upper levels, and these triggered lower-level eddy development, with all eddies decaying away from the tropopause and the surface. Thereafter, a lower-level eddy caught up with the upper-level eddy ahead of it, and they coupled to form a cyclone extending through the whole troposphere. Vertical ageostrophic geopotential flux may be a crucial dynamic factor throughout the eddy＇s lower-level growth, boundary-trapping,and coupling development.Together with barotropic conversion, the ageostrophic geopotential fluxes that were transported from Hurricane Fabian（2003） to the midlatitudes by the outflow led to downstream ridge development in the upper-level jet. The strong downstream advection of eddy kinetic energy in the exit region of the jet streak triggered downstream trough development. The well-known ridge–trough couplet thus formed. The vertical ageostrophic fluxes that were transported downward from the developed upper-level systems converged near the surface and resulted in lower-level eddy growth. Baroclinic conversion was negligible near the boundaries, while it was the main source of eddy kinetic energy at mid-levels. In the upper-level jet, potential energy was converted to the mean kinetic energy of the jet, which in turn was converted to eddy kinetic energy through barotropic conversion. 展开更多
关键词 downstream development ageostropic geopotential flux boundary-trapping coupling development
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A WDM-PON with DPSK modulated downstream and OOK modulated upstream signals based on symmetric 10 Gbit/s wavelength reused bidirectional reflective SOA 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Fady I. EI-Nahal 《Optoelectronics Letters》 EI 2017年第1期67-69,共3页
We investigate a wavelength-division-multiplexing passive optical network(WDM-PON) with centralized lightwave and direct detection. The system is demonstrated for symmetric 10 Gbit/s differential phase-shift keying(DP... We investigate a wavelength-division-multiplexing passive optical network(WDM-PON) with centralized lightwave and direct detection. The system is demonstrated for symmetric 10 Gbit/s differential phase-shift keying(DPSK) downstream signals and on-off keying(OOK) upstream signals,respectively. A wavelength reused scheme is employed to carry the upstream data by using a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier(RSOA) as an intensity modulator at the optical network unit(ONU). The constant-intensity property of the DPSK modulation format can keep high extinction ratio(ER) of downstream signal and reduce the crosstalk to the upstream signal. The bit error rate(BER) performance of our scheme shows that the proposed 10 Gbit/s symmetric WDM-PON can achieve error free transmission over 25-km-long fiber transmission with low power penalty. 展开更多
关键词 downstream upstream DPSK symmetric reflective reused modulated bidirectional keying crosstalk
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Two-Phase Flow Pressure Drop of Liquid Nitrogen Boiling in the Straight Section Downstream of U-Bend 认领 引用
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作者 邓冬 谢斯卫 汪荣顺 《Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science)》 EI 2014年第4期495-501,共7页
The gas-liquid(two-phase) flow pressure drop of liquid nitrogen boiling in the straight section downstream of U-bend is investigated experimentally. The mass flux ranges from 32 to 280 kg/(m2· s). The inlet press... The gas-liquid(two-phase) flow pressure drop of liquid nitrogen boiling in the straight section downstream of U-bend is investigated experimentally. The mass flux ranges from 32 to 280 kg/(m2· s). The inlet pressure of U-tube is from 140 to 272 kPa. And the curvature ratio is from 6.67 to 15. The tube wall including the U-bend is heated uniformly and the heat flux ranges from 0 to 22 kW/m2. The tube with higher inlet pressure has higher pressure drop in the downstream section of the bend. The bended degree of the U-bend influences the pressure drop in the downstream straight section of U-bend. A new correlation taking the effect of the secondary flow into account is proposed for the two-phase slip speed ratio. The pressure drop in the straight section downstream of U-bend calculated by the new correlation agrees well with experimental measurements. 展开更多
关键词 pressure drop downstream of U-bend secondary flow liquid nitrogen
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Influence of Downstream Flow on Conduction Phase of Coaxial Plasma Opening Switch 认领 引用
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作者 徐翔 于友年 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS 2008年第4期428-432,共5页
Plasma behaviour and the scaling relations in a coaxial plasma opening switch （POS） using hydrogen plasma are studied self-consistently based on the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） equations in conjuncti... Plasma behaviour and the scaling relations in a coaxial plasma opening switch （POS） using hydrogen plasma are studied self-consistently based on the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） equations in conjunction with the generalized Ohm＇s law. The vacuum region on the right of POS is included in the model and the influence of downstream flow on the conduction characteristics is discussed. It is found that with the penetration of magnetic field, the pure hydrogen plasma is pushed downstream significantly; and POS still conducts current after the magnetic field arrives at the load edge of POS, which is different from the previous experimental results in a multispecies POS. It is because that the noticeable downstream plasma in the pure hydrogen POS may continue to conduct the current, while in the multispecies POS, the downstream plasma is unimportant so that the conduction phase ends soon after the magnetic field reaches the load edge. The scaling relation obtained from the simulations including the downstream region is consistent with the experimental results. 展开更多
关键词 plasma opening switch downstream flow magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） simulation
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Vegetation Influence Investigation of GangnanHuangbizhuang Reservoir Downstream River and Recovery Strategies 认领 引用
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作者 张茹春 郑振华 +1 位作者 崔建军 张韬 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第11期2552-2554,共3页
The research selected three typical areas for plant investigation, including upper reaches of Gangnan Reservoir, the area between Gangnan and downstream of Huangbizhuang Reservoir, and Huangbizhuang Reservoir. The res... The research selected three typical areas for plant investigation, including upper reaches of Gangnan Reservoir, the area between Gangnan and downstream of Huangbizhuang Reservoir, and Huangbizhuang Reservoir. The results showed that affected by water, plant species, species diversity and species richness were all decreasing in varying degrees as the distance with watercourse upper reaches was increasing, but the ratio of Anthropochory plants was growing. The research finally proposed countermeasures, including increasing wetland area, constructing forests and artificial water landscape of Hutuo River and reinforcing watercourse compre- hensive management. 展开更多
关键词 The reservoir downstream river Vegetation Gangnan-Huangbizhuangreservoir Vegetation restoration
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Algorithm of Dynamic Operation Process of Hydraulic Automatically Operated Canals with Constant-Downstream Level Gates 认领 引用
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作者 ZHANG Li-wei FENG Xiao-bo WANG Chang-de 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 EI CAS 2005年第6期1074-1080,共7页
On the basis of analysis the governing process of downstream water level gates AVIO and AVIS, a mathematical model for simulation of dynamic operation process of hydraulically automated irrigation canals instalIed wit... On the basis of analysis the governing process of downstream water level gates AVIO and AVIS, a mathematical model for simulation of dynamic operation process of hydraulically automated irrigation canals instalIed with AVIO and AVIS gates is presented, the main point of this rnathematical model is firstly applying a set of unsteady flow equations （St. Venant equations here） and treating the condition of gate movement as its dynamic boundary, and then deeoupling this interaction of gate movement with the change of canal flow. In this process, it is necessary to give the gateg open-loop transfer function whose input is water level deviation and output is gate discharge. The result of this simulation for a practical reach has shown it has satisfactory accuracy. 展开更多
关键词 algorithm, hydraulically automatic gate AVIO gate AVIS gate downstream level control system unsteady flow dynamic process
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Nonplanar post-buckling analysis of simply supported pipes conveying fluid with an axially sliding downstream end 认领 引用 被引量：6
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作者 Tianli JIANG Huliang DAI +1 位作者 Kun ZHOU Lin WANG 《Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition)》 SCIE EI CSCD 2020年第1期15-32,共18页
In this study,the nonplanar post-buckling behavior of a simply supported fluid-conveying pipe with an axially sliding downstream end is investigated within the framework of a three-dimensional(3 D)theoretical model.Th... In this study,the nonplanar post-buckling behavior of a simply supported fluid-conveying pipe with an axially sliding downstream end is investigated within the framework of a three-dimensional(3 D)theoretical model.The complete nonlinear governing equations are discretized via Galerkin’s method and then numerically solved by the use of a fourth-order Runge-Kutta integration algorithm.Different initial conditions are chosen for calculations to show the nonplanar buckling characteristics of the pipe in two perpendicular lateral directions.A detailed parametric analysis is performed in order to study the influence of several key system parameters such as the mass ratio,the flow velocity,and the gravity parameter on the post-buckling behavior of the pipe.Typical results are presented in the form of bifurcation diagrams when the flow velocity is selected as the variable parameter.It is found that the pipe will stay at its original straight equilibrium position until the critical flow velocity is reached.Just beyond the critical flow velocity,the pipe would lose stability by static divergence via a pitchfork bifurcation,and two possible nonzero equilibrium positions are generated.It is shown that the buckling and post-buckling behaviors of the pipe cannot be influenced by the mass ratio parameter.Unlike a pipe with two immovable ends,however,the pinned-pinned pipe with an axially sliding downstream end shows some different features regarding post-buckling behaviors.The most important feature is that the buckling amplitude of the pipe with an axially sliding downstream end would increase first and then decrease with the increase in the flow velocity.In addition,the buckled shapes of the pipe varying with the flow velocity are displayed in order to further show the new post-buckling features of the pipe with an axially sliding downstream end. 展开更多
关键词 fluid-conveying pipe axially sliding downstream end nonplanar postbuckling behavior
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Downstream Channel Evolution and Its Causes in the Yuan River during the Qing Dynasty 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Dandan Zheng Yuhui Gui +1 位作者 Jian Kuang He Bing 《Journal of Earth Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第4期1263-1271,共9页
The determination of channel evolutions and the causes is important for reconstructing the evolutionary history of river landforms.This study aimed to elucidate the downstream channel evolution of the Yuan River in Hu... The determination of channel evolutions and the causes is important for reconstructing the evolutionary history of river landforms.This study aimed to elucidate the downstream channel evolution of the Yuan River in Hunan Province,China,during the Qing Dynasty via Landsat 8 satellite image data and relevant literature.The objective was to establish the modes of channel evolution and discuss the significance of historical climate change.The downstream paleochannel of the Yuan River was identified in the Late Ming Dynasty and Early Qing Dynasty(1600–1644 AD),the Kangxi-Qianlong periods of the Qing Dynasty(1661–1796 AD),the Late Qing Dynasty(1840–1912 AD),and the World War II(1939–1945 AD),and three main modes of river evolution were determined.Using remote sensing data and the ancient literature,the evolution characteristics of the paleochannel in the Lower Yuan River were analyzed and its distribution across historical periods was comprehensively revealed.The findings reveal a strong correlation between channel evolution,flood events,and climate change.Numerous flood events that occurred from the Late Qing Dynasty to the World War II caused a high rate of channel evolution,demonstrating the combined effects of climate change and human activities.These findings will help adopt robust and resilient hydrological management methods in the future of a changing climate. 展开更多
关键词 Qing Dynasty downstream of Yuan River river evolution river evolution causes cli-mate change climate change channel evolution.
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