The Fourier transform spectrometer(FTS)is a precision infrared detection instrument.It adopts Mi⁃chelson interference splitting,and the moving mirror is one of the core components.The uniformity and stability of the m...The Fourier transform spectrometer(FTS)is a precision infrared detection instrument.It adopts Mi⁃chelson interference splitting,and the moving mirror is one of the core components.The uniformity and stability of the moving mirror’s speed directly affect the quality of the subsequent interferogram,so it is necessary to carry out high-precision motion control of the moving mirror.For some FTS with moving mirror in low-speed motion,the traditional M-method can no longer meet the requirements of speed measurement accuracy.In addition,when the moving mirror moves at a low speed,the speed stability is more easily affected by external mechanical distur⁃bance.Based on the stability requirement of the low-speed moving mirror,this paper studies the motion control of the moving mirror based on the T-method measuring speed.It proposes a high-precision algorithm to obtain the measured and expected value of the velocity.By establishing the mathematical model and dynamic equation of the controlled object,the speed feedforward input is obtained,and then the compound speed controller based on the feedforward control is designed.The control algorithm is implemented by the FPGA hardware platform and ap⁃plied to the FTS.The experimental results show that the peak-to-peak velocity error is 0.0182,and the root mean square(RMS)velocity error is 0.0027.To test the anti-interference capability of the moving mirror speed control system,the sinusoidal excitation force of 5 mg,7.5 mg,and 10 mg is applied in the moving mirror motion direc⁃tion on the FTS platform.Under each given magnitude,the scanning of each frequency point in 2~200 Hz is car⁃ried out.The experimental results show that the peak-to-peak velocity error and the RMS velocity error are propor⁃tional to the excitation magnitude.Under the 5 mg excitation,the maximum peak-to-peak velocity error is 0.0724,and the maximum RMS velocity error is 0.0225.From a comprehensive analysis of spectrum stability and the sampling interval error of the infrared focal plane detector,the moving mirror velocity uniformity at 5 mg can meet both requirements.This enables the FTS to possess certain anti-interference capability even when ap⁃plied in micro-vibration environments.This design provides a technical means for realizing the speed control of the moving mirror with low speed and high stability.Also,it makes the FTS have wider applications.展开更多
Distributed acoustic sensing(DAS)technology is widely used in seismic monitoring,intrusion detection,and other fields due to its advantages of wide monitoring range and low cost.However,the problems of complex signal ...Distributed acoustic sensing(DAS)technology is widely used in seismic monitoring,intrusion detection,and other fields due to its advantages of wide monitoring range and low cost.However,the problems of complex signal processing and large data volume limit its applications.This paper proposes a downsampling method based on short-time Fourier transform,which reduces the length of the time series while retaining high-frequency information.Experiments show that this method improves the efficiency and classification performance of the model,with an F1 value of 0.9147 on a four-class private dataset and an accuracy of 0.9944 on a two-class public dataset.展开更多
In view of the large amount of data and dense pixel points in point cloud files,this article proposes a multiple point cloud file encryption algorithm based on principal component analysis(PCA)and fractional Fourier t...In view of the large amount of data and dense pixel points in point cloud files,this article proposes a multiple point cloud file encryption algorithm based on principal component analysis(PCA)and fractional Fourier transform(FrFT).In this method,a point cloud data matrix(PCDM)is generated by extracting the coordinates and color information of the point cloud,then using PCA to reduce the dimension of a sequence of PCDMs,which are spliced and scrambled to produce a feature vector matrix and a dimension-reduced matrix(DRM)for encryption and reconstruction.Then using the hyperchaotic Lorenz system to generate the random phase masks and the orders of the FrFT.These two parameters will be used as keys to encrypt the point cloud feature vector matrix.The simulation results verify that the encryption algorithm can quickly encrypt multiple point cloud files,and the quality of the point cloud files obtained by decryption and reconstruction is good.The algorithm also has a large enough key space and highly sensitive keys,which means it has good security and strong robustness to different attacks.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to price power option with its underlying asset price following exponential normal inverse gaussian(NIG)process.We first find the risk neutral equivalent martingale measure Q by Esscher transf...The aim of this paper is to price power option with its underlying asset price following exponential normal inverse gaussian(NIG)process.We first find the risk neutral equivalent martingale measure Q by Esscher transform.Then,using the Fourier transform and its inverse,we derive the analytical pricing formulas of power options which are expressed in the form of Fourier integral.In addition,the fast Fourier transform(FFT)algorithm is applied to calculate these pricing formulas.Finally,Shangzheng 50ETF options are chosen to test our results.Estimating the parameters in NIG process by maximum likelihood method,we show that the NIG prices are much closer to market prices than the Black-Scholes-Merton(BSM)ones.展开更多
The internal microstructures of rock materials, including mineral heterogeneity and intrinsic microdefects, exert a significant influence on their nonlinear mechanical and cracking behaviors. It is of great significan...The internal microstructures of rock materials, including mineral heterogeneity and intrinsic microdefects, exert a significant influence on their nonlinear mechanical and cracking behaviors. It is of great significance to accurately characterize the actual microstructures and their influence on stress and damage evolution inside the rocks. In this study, an image-based fast Fourier transform (FFT) method is developed for reconstructing the actual rock microstructures by combining it with the digital image processing (DIP) technique. A series of experimental investigations were conducted to acquire information regarding the actual microstructure and the mechanical properties. Based on these experimental evidences, the processed microstructure information, in conjunction with the proposed micromechanical model, is incorporated into the numerical calculation. The proposed image-based FFT method was firstly validated through uniaxial compression tests. Subsequently, it was employed to predict and analyze the influence of microstructure on macroscopic mechanical behaviors, local stress distribution and the internal crack evolution process in brittle rocks. The distribution of feldspar is considerably more heterogeneous and scattered than that of quartz, which results in a greater propensity for the formation of cracks in feldspar. It is observed that initial cracks and new cracks, including intragranular and boundary ones, ultimately coalesce and connect as the primary through cracks, which are predominantly distributed along the boundary of the feldspar. This phenomenon is also predicted by the proposed numerical method. The results indicate that the proposed numerical method provides an effective approach for analyzing, understanding and predicting the nonlinear mechanical and cracking behaviors of brittle rocks by taking into account the actual microstructure characteristics.展开更多
In the paper,a reduced basis(RB)method for time-dependent nonlocal problems with a special parameterized fractional Laplace kernel function is proposed.Because of the lack of sparsity of discretized nonlocal systems c...In the paper,a reduced basis(RB)method for time-dependent nonlocal problems with a special parameterized fractional Laplace kernel function is proposed.Because of the lack of sparsity of discretized nonlocal systems compared to corresponding local partial differential equation(PDE)systems,model reduction for nonlocal systems becomes more critical.The method of snapshots and greedy(MOS-greedy)algorithm of RB method is developed for nonlocal problems with random inputs,which provides an efficient and reliable approximation of the solution.A major challenge lies in the excessive influence of the time domain on the model reduction process.To address this,the Fourier transform is applied to convert the original time-dependent parabolic equation into a frequency-dependent elliptic equation,where variable frequencies are independent.This enables parallel computation for approximating the solution in the frequency domain.Finally,the proposed MOS-greedy algorithm is applied to the nonlocal diffusion problems.Numerical results demonstrate that it provides an accurate approximation of the full order problems and significantly improves computational efficiency.展开更多
Objective:The present study investigated the cytoprotective effects of a Pogonatherum paniceum extract prepared with 80%ethanol(PPE)using synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared(SR-FTIR)microspectroscop...Objective:The present study investigated the cytoprotective effects of a Pogonatherum paniceum extract prepared with 80%ethanol(PPE)using synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared(SR-FTIR)microspectroscopy and determined its phytochemical profile.Methods:The volatile and polyphenolic compounds in PPE were characterized using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry,respectively.The antioxidant capacity of PPE was evaluated using chemical and cell-based assays.The SR-FTIR microspectroscopy was performed to evaluate the cytoprotective effect of PPE by identifying changes in macromolecule composition in tert-butyl hydroperoxide(t BuOOH)-induced oxidative damage in RAW264.7 cells.Results:A total of 48 volatile compounds and 28 polyphenol components were found in PPE.PPE exhibited a high potential for antioxidant activity by scavenging the intracellular reactive oxygen species in t Bu OOH-induced oxidative damage in RAW264.7 cells.PPE treatment also significantly protected RAW264.7 cells against t BuOOH-induced toxicity and restored cell viability.The SR-FTIR analysis revealed that t BuOOH increased the lipid and ester lipid content in RAW264.7 cells.The PPE exerted a cytoprotective effect by decreasing the levels of lipid and ester lipid compounds that had been elevated by t BuOOH in RAW264.7 cells.These findings indicate that PPE has cytoprotective potential due to its ability to inhibit endogenous reactive oxygen species.Conclusion:This study extends the current knowledge on the phytochemistry of PPE and its antioxidant and cytoprotective effects.These findings support the use of SR-FTIR microspectroscopy to determine the cytoprotective effects of natural products.PPE extract may be a candidate compound for new therapeutics and nutraceuticals that target the prevention of oxidative stress-associated diseases.展开更多
The capacity to diagnose faults in rolling bearings is of significant practical importance to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.Frequency-domain features can effectively enhance the identification of fault ...The capacity to diagnose faults in rolling bearings is of significant practical importance to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.Frequency-domain features can effectively enhance the identification of fault modes.However,existing methods often suffer from insufficient frequency-domain representation in practical applications,which greatly affects diagnostic performance.Therefore,this paper proposes a rolling bearing fault diagnosismethod based on aMulti-Scale FusionNetwork(MSFN)using the Time-Division Fourier Transform(TDFT).The method constructs multi-scale channels to extract time-domain and frequency-domain features of the signal in parallel.A multi-level,multi-scale filter-based approach is designed to extract frequency-domain features in a segmented manner.A cross-attention mechanism is introduced to facilitate the fusion of the extracted time-frequency domain features.The performance of the proposed method is validated using the CWRU and Ottawa datasets.The results show that the average accuracy of MSFN under complex noisy signals is 97.75%and 94.41%.The average accuracy under variable load conditions is 98.68%.This demonstrates its significant application potential compared to existing methods.展开更多
In our previous papers,the classical fractional Fourier transform theory was incorporated into the quantum theoretical system using the theoretical method of quantum optics,and the calculation produced quantum mechani...In our previous papers,the classical fractional Fourier transform theory was incorporated into the quantum theoretical system using the theoretical method of quantum optics,and the calculation produced quantum mechanical operators corresponding to the generation of fractional Fourier transform.The core function of the coordinate-momentum exchange operators in the addition law of fractional Fourier transform was analyzed too.In this paper,the bivariate operator Hermite polynomial theory and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP)are used to establish the entanglement fractional Fourier transform theory to the extent of quantum.A new function generating formula and an operator for generating quantum entangled fractional Fourier transform are obtained using the fractional Fourier transform relationship in a pair of conjugated entangled state representations.展开更多
Since the difficulty in preparing the equal superposition state of amplitude is 1/√N, we construct a quantile transform of quantum Fourier transform (QFT) over ZN based on the elementary transforms, such as Hadamar...Since the difficulty in preparing the equal superposition state of amplitude is 1/√N, we construct a quantile transform of quantum Fourier transform (QFT) over ZN based on the elementary transforms, such as Hadamard transform and Pauli transform. The QFT over Z_N can then be realized by the quantile transform, and used to further design its quantum circuit and analyze the requirements for the quantum register and quantum gates. However, the transform needs considerable quantum computational resources and it is difficult to construct a high-dimensional quantum register. Hence, we investigate the design of t-bit quantile transform, and introduce the definition of t-bit semiclassical QFT over Z_N. According to probability amplitude, we prove that the transform can be used to realize QFT over ZN and further design its quantum circuit. For this transform, the requirements for the quantum register, the one-qubit gate, and two-qubit gate reduce obviously when compared with those for the QFT over Z_N.展开更多
The high-rise frame structure has become more and more widespread, like its damage from the complication of the environment. The traditional method of damage detection, which is only suitable for the stationary signal...The high-rise frame structure has become more and more widespread, like its damage from the complication of the environment. The traditional method of damage detection, which is only suitable for the stationary signal, does not apply to a high-rise frame structure because its damage signal is non-stationary. Thus, this paper presents an application of the short-time Fourier transform(STFT) to damage detection of high-rise frame structures. Compared with the fast Fourier transform, STFT is found to be able to express the frequency spectrum property of the time interval using the signal within this interval. Application of STFT to analyzing a Matlab model and the shaking table test with a twelve-story frame-structure model reveals that there is a positive correlation between the slope of the frequency versus time and the damage level. If the slope is equal to or greater than zero, the structure is not damaged. If the slope is smaller than zero, the structure is damaged, and the less the slope is, the more serious the damage is. The damage results from calculation based on the Matlab model are consistent with those from the shaking table test, demonstrating that STFT can be a reliable tool for the damage detection of high-rise frame structures.展开更多
In the present study,we synthesized CeO2 catalysts doped with various transition metals(M=Co,Fe,or Cu)using a supercritical water hydrothermal route,which led to the incorporation of the metal ions in the CeO2 lattice...In the present study,we synthesized CeO2 catalysts doped with various transition metals(M=Co,Fe,or Cu)using a supercritical water hydrothermal route,which led to the incorporation of the metal ions in the CeO2 lattice,forming solid solutions.The catalysts were then used for the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)of NO by CO.The Cu‐doped catalyst exhibited the highest SCR activity;it had a T50(i.e.,50%NO conversion)of only 83°C and a T90(i.e.,90%NO conversion)of 126°C.Such an activity was also higher than in many state‐of‐the‐art catalysts.In situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy suggested that the MOx‐CeO2 catalysts(M=Co and Fe)mainly followed an Eley‐Rideal reaction mechanism for CO‐SCR.In contrast,a Langmuir‐Hinshelwood SCR reaction mechanism occurred in CuO‐CeO2 owing to the presence of Cu+species,which ensured effective adsorption of CO.This explains why CuO‐CeO2 exhibited the highest activity with regard to the SCR of NO by CO.展开更多
The pyrolysis mechanism of rice straw (RS) was investigated using a tube reactor with Fourier trans-form infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyzer. The results show that the maximum pyrolysis rate in...The pyrolysis mechanism of rice straw (RS) was investigated using a tube reactor with Fourier trans-form infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyzer. The results show that the maximum pyrolysis rate increases with increasing heating rate and the corresponding temperature also increases. The three-pseudocomponent model could describe the pyrolysis behavior of rice straw accurately. The main pyrolysis gas products are H2O, CO2, CO, CH4, HCHO (formaldehyde), HCOOH (formic acid), CH3OH (methanol), C6H5OH (phenol), etc. The releasing of H2O, CO2, CO and CH4 mainly focuses at 220-400°C. The H2O formation process is separated into two stages corresponding to the evaporation of free water and the formation of primary volatiles. The release of CO2 first increases with increasing temperature and gets the maximum at 309°C. The releasing behavior of CO is similar to H2O and CO2 between 200 and 400°C. The production of CH4 happens, compared to CO2 and CO, at higher temperatures of 275-400°C with the maximum at 309°C. When the temperature exceeds 200°C, hy-droxyl and aliphatic C H groups decrease significantly, while C O, olefinic C C bonds and ether structures in-crease first in the chars and then the aromatic structure develops with rising temperature. Above 500°C, the material becomes increasingly more aromatic and the ether groups decreases with an increase of temperature. The aromati-zation process starts at ≈350°C and continues to higher temperatures.展开更多
Distinguishing close chirp-rates of different linear frequency modulation (LFM) signals under concentrated and complicated signal environment was studied. Firstly, detection and parameter estimation of multi-compone...Distinguishing close chirp-rates of different linear frequency modulation (LFM) signals under concentrated and complicated signal environment was studied. Firstly, detection and parameter estimation of multi-component LFM signal were used by discrete fast fractional Fourier transform (FrFT). Then the expression of chirp-rate resolution in fractional Fourier domain (FrFD) was deduced from discrete normalize time-frequency distribution, when multi-component LFM signal had only one center frequency. Furthermore, the detail influence of the sampling time, sampling frequency and chirp-rate upon the resolution was analyzed by partial differential equation. Simulation results and analysis indicate that increasing the sampling time can enhance the resolution, but the influence of the sampling frequency can he omitted. What's more, in multi-component LFM signal, the chirp-rate resolution of FrFT is no less than a minimal value, and it mainly dependent on the biggest value of chirp-rates, with which it has an approximately positive exponential relationship.展开更多
Passive Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) remote sensing measurement of chemical gas cloud is a vital technology. It takes an important part in many fields for the detection of released gases. The principle of conce...Passive Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) remote sensing measurement of chemical gas cloud is a vital technology. It takes an important part in many fields for the detection of released gases. The principle of concentration measurement is based on the Beer-Lambert law. Unlike the active measurement, for the passive remote sensing, in most cases, the difference between the temperature of the gas cloud and the brightness temperature of the background is usually a few kelvins. The gas cloud emission is almost equal to the background emission, thereby the emission of the gas cloud cannot be ignored. The concentration retrieval algorithm is quite different from the active measurement. In this paper, the concentration retrieval algorithm for the passive FTIR remote measurement of gas cloud is presented in detail, which involves radiative transfer model, radiometric calibration, absorption coefficient calculation, et al. The background spectrum has a broad feature, which is a slowly varying function of frequency. In this paper, the background spectrum is fitted with a polynomial by using the Levenberg-Marquardt method which is a kind of nonlinear least squares fitting algorithm. No background spectra are required. Thus, this method allows mobile, real-time and fast measurements of gas clouds.展开更多
This paper extends the definition of fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) proposed by Namias V by using other orthonormal bases for L^2(R) instead of Hermite-Gaussian functions. The new orthonormal basis is gained ...This paper extends the definition of fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) proposed by Namias V by using other orthonormal bases for L^2(R) instead of Hermite-Gaussian functions. The new orthonormal basis is gained indirectly from multiresolution analysis and orthonormal wavelets. The so defined FRFT is called wavelets-fractional Fourier transform.展开更多
Currently, it is difficult for people to express signal information simultaneously in the time and frequency domains when analyzing acoustic logging signals using a simple-time or frequency-domain method. It is diffic...Currently, it is difficult for people to express signal information simultaneously in the time and frequency domains when analyzing acoustic logging signals using a simple-time or frequency-domain method. It is difficult to use a single type of time-frequency analysis method, which affects the feasibility of acoustic logging signal analysis. In order to solve these problems, in this paper, a fractional Fourier transform and smooth pseudo Wigner Ville distribution (SPWD) were combined and used to analyze array acoustic logging signals. The time-frequency distribution of signals with the variation of orders of fractional Fourier transform was obtained, and the characteristics of the time-frequency distribution of different reservoirs under different orders were summarized. Because of the rotational characteristics of the fractional Fourier transform, the rotation speed of the cross terms was faster than those of primary waves, shear waves, Stoneley waves, and pseudo Rayleigh waves. By choosing different orders for different reservoirs according to the actual circumstances, the cross terms were separated from the four kinds of waves. In this manner, we could extract reservoir information by studying the characteristics of partial waves. Actual logging data showed that the method outlined in this paper greatly weakened cross-term interference and enhanced the ability to identify partial wave signals.展开更多
Based on Dirac's representation theory and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators, we put forward the joint wavelet-fractional Fourier transform in the context of quantum mechanics. Its c...Based on Dirac's representation theory and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators, we put forward the joint wavelet-fractional Fourier transform in the context of quantum mechanics. Its corresponding transformation operator is found and the normally ordered form is deduced. This kind of transformation may be applied to analyzing and identifying quantum states.展开更多
Swelling clays are found extensively in various parts of the world, and sodium-montmorillonite(NaMMT) is the main constituent of an expansive clay mineral. In this work, the swelling behavior of NaMMT clay with a wide...Swelling clays are found extensively in various parts of the world, and sodium-montmorillonite(NaMMT) is the main constituent of an expansive clay mineral. In this work, the swelling behavior of NaMMT clay with a wide range of organic fluids, high polar through low polar fluids, is studied using a combination of Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) technique and molecular dynamics(MD) simulations.The construction of the representative clayefluid models is carried out, and the nature of nonbonded interactions between clay and fluids is studied using MD. Our FTIR and MD simulations results suggest the significant nonbonded interactions between Na-MMT clay and polar fluids, such as formamide and water. The nonbonded interactions of Na-MMT with methanol and acetone are significantly less than those in Na-MMT with polar fluids. The interactions of the fluids with various entities of the clay such as Sie O, Fee OH, Mge OH, and Ale OH captured via the spectroscopy experiments and modeling provide a finer understanding of the interactions and their contributions to swelling. The MD simulations are able to capture the band shifts observed in the spectra obtained in the spectroscopy experiments. This work also captures the conformations of interlayer sodium ions with formamide, water, methanol, and acetone during swelling. These nonbonded interactions provide insight into the molecular mechanism that the polarity of fluids plays an important role in the initiation of interlayer swelling, alteration in the orientations, and evolution of microstructure of swelling clays at the molecular scale.展开更多
The method of FRactional Fourier Transform (FRFT) is introduced to Transform Domain Communication System (TDCS) for signal transforming in the paper after theoretical analysis. The method yields optimal Basis Function...The method of FRactional Fourier Transform (FRFT) is introduced to Transform Domain Communication System (TDCS) for signal transforming in the paper after theoretical analysis. The method yields optimal Basis Function (BF) by FRFT with optimal transform angle. The TDCS using the proposed method has wider usable spectrum, stronger robustness and better ability of anti non-stationary jamming than using usual methods, such as Fourier Transform (FT), Auto Regressive (AR), Wavelet Transform (WT), etc. The main simulation results are as follows. First, the Bit Error Rate (BER) Pb is close to theoretical bound of no jamming no matter in single tone or in linear chirp interference. Second, the interference-to-signal ratio J /E is at least 12dB more than that of Direct Spread Spectrum System (DSSS) under the same BER if the spectrum hopping-to-signal ratio is 1:20 in chirp plus hopping interfering. Third, the Eb /N 0(when estimation difference is 90% between trans- mitter and receiver) is about 3.5dB or about 0.5dB (when estimation difference is 10% between transmitter and receiver) more than that of theoretical result when no estimation difference un-der Pb=10-2.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB3905400)。
摘要The Fourier transform spectrometer(FTS)is a precision infrared detection instrument.It adopts Mi⁃chelson interference splitting,and the moving mirror is one of the core components.The uniformity and stability of the moving mirror’s speed directly affect the quality of the subsequent interferogram,so it is necessary to carry out high-precision motion control of the moving mirror.For some FTS with moving mirror in low-speed motion,the traditional M-method can no longer meet the requirements of speed measurement accuracy.In addition,when the moving mirror moves at a low speed,the speed stability is more easily affected by external mechanical distur⁃bance.Based on the stability requirement of the low-speed moving mirror,this paper studies the motion control of the moving mirror based on the T-method measuring speed.It proposes a high-precision algorithm to obtain the measured and expected value of the velocity.By establishing the mathematical model and dynamic equation of the controlled object,the speed feedforward input is obtained,and then the compound speed controller based on the feedforward control is designed.The control algorithm is implemented by the FPGA hardware platform and ap⁃plied to the FTS.The experimental results show that the peak-to-peak velocity error is 0.0182,and the root mean square(RMS)velocity error is 0.0027.To test the anti-interference capability of the moving mirror speed control system,the sinusoidal excitation force of 5 mg,7.5 mg,and 10 mg is applied in the moving mirror motion direc⁃tion on the FTS platform.Under each given magnitude,the scanning of each frequency point in 2~200 Hz is car⁃ried out.The experimental results show that the peak-to-peak velocity error and the RMS velocity error are propor⁃tional to the excitation magnitude.Under the 5 mg excitation,the maximum peak-to-peak velocity error is 0.0724,and the maximum RMS velocity error is 0.0225.From a comprehensive analysis of spectrum stability and the sampling interval error of the infrared focal plane detector,the moving mirror velocity uniformity at 5 mg can meet both requirements.This enables the FTS to possess certain anti-interference capability even when ap⁃plied in micro-vibration environments.This design provides a technical means for realizing the speed control of the moving mirror with low speed and high stability.Also,it makes the FTS have wider applications.
摘要Distributed acoustic sensing(DAS)technology is widely used in seismic monitoring,intrusion detection,and other fields due to its advantages of wide monitoring range and low cost.However,the problems of complex signal processing and large data volume limit its applications.This paper proposes a downsampling method based on short-time Fourier transform,which reduces the length of the time series while retaining high-frequency information.Experiments show that this method improves the efficiency and classification performance of the model,with an F1 value of 0.9147 on a four-class private dataset and an accuracy of 0.9944 on a two-class public dataset.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61771155).
摘要In view of the large amount of data and dense pixel points in point cloud files,this article proposes a multiple point cloud file encryption algorithm based on principal component analysis(PCA)and fractional Fourier transform(FrFT).In this method,a point cloud data matrix(PCDM)is generated by extracting the coordinates and color information of the point cloud,then using PCA to reduce the dimension of a sequence of PCDMs,which are spliced and scrambled to produce a feature vector matrix and a dimension-reduced matrix(DRM)for encryption and reconstruction.Then using the hyperchaotic Lorenz system to generate the random phase masks and the orders of the FrFT.These two parameters will be used as keys to encrypt the point cloud feature vector matrix.The simulation results verify that the encryption algorithm can quickly encrypt multiple point cloud files,and the quality of the point cloud files obtained by decryption and reconstruction is good.The algorithm also has a large enough key space and highly sensitive keys,which means it has good security and strong robustness to different attacks.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11571089,11501164)Natural Science Founda-tion of Hebei Province(A2019205299)+1 种基金the Foundation of Hebei Education Department(ZD2018065,ZD2019053)Hebei Normal University(L2019Z01).
摘要The aim of this paper is to price power option with its underlying asset price following exponential normal inverse gaussian(NIG)process.We first find the risk neutral equivalent martingale measure Q by Esscher transform.Then,using the Fourier transform and its inverse,we derive the analytical pricing formulas of power options which are expressed in the form of Fourier integral.In addition,the fast Fourier transform(FFT)algorithm is applied to calculate these pricing formulas.Finally,Shangzheng 50ETF options are chosen to test our results.Estimating the parameters in NIG process by maximum likelihood method,we show that the NIG prices are much closer to market prices than the Black-Scholes-Merton(BSM)ones.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11802332)the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.202206435003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2024ZKPYLJ03).
摘要The internal microstructures of rock materials, including mineral heterogeneity and intrinsic microdefects, exert a significant influence on their nonlinear mechanical and cracking behaviors. It is of great significance to accurately characterize the actual microstructures and their influence on stress and damage evolution inside the rocks. In this study, an image-based fast Fourier transform (FFT) method is developed for reconstructing the actual rock microstructures by combining it with the digital image processing (DIP) technique. A series of experimental investigations were conducted to acquire information regarding the actual microstructure and the mechanical properties. Based on these experimental evidences, the processed microstructure information, in conjunction with the proposed micromechanical model, is incorporated into the numerical calculation. The proposed image-based FFT method was firstly validated through uniaxial compression tests. Subsequently, it was employed to predict and analyze the influence of microstructure on macroscopic mechanical behaviors, local stress distribution and the internal crack evolution process in brittle rocks. The distribution of feldspar is considerably more heterogeneous and scattered than that of quartz, which results in a greater propensity for the formation of cracks in feldspar. It is observed that initial cracks and new cracks, including intragranular and boundary ones, ultimately coalesce and connect as the primary through cracks, which are predominantly distributed along the boundary of the feldspar. This phenomenon is also predicted by the proposed numerical method. The results indicate that the proposed numerical method provides an effective approach for analyzing, understanding and predicting the nonlinear mechanical and cracking behaviors of brittle rocks by taking into account the actual microstructure characteristics.
基金supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(Grant 2024A1515012548)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 12401567)+1 种基金by the 2023 Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Project(Grant 2023A04J0035)by the Talent Special Projects of School-level Scientific Research Programs under Guangdong Poiytechnic Normal University(Grant 2022SDKYA025).
摘要In the paper,a reduced basis(RB)method for time-dependent nonlocal problems with a special parameterized fractional Laplace kernel function is proposed.Because of the lack of sparsity of discretized nonlocal systems compared to corresponding local partial differential equation(PDE)systems,model reduction for nonlocal systems becomes more critical.The method of snapshots and greedy(MOS-greedy)algorithm of RB method is developed for nonlocal problems with random inputs,which provides an efficient and reliable approximation of the solution.A major challenge lies in the excessive influence of the time domain on the model reduction process.To address this,the Fourier transform is applied to convert the original time-dependent parabolic equation into a frequency-dependent elliptic equation,where variable frequencies are independent.This enables parallel computation for approximating the solution in the frequency domain.Finally,the proposed MOS-greedy algorithm is applied to the nonlocal diffusion problems.Numerical results demonstrate that it provides an accurate approximation of the full order problems and significantly improves computational efficiency.
基金supported by the Basic Research Fund from Thailand Science Research and Innovation through Sisaket Rajabhat University(grant number:FF.13/2564)。
摘要Objective:The present study investigated the cytoprotective effects of a Pogonatherum paniceum extract prepared with 80%ethanol(PPE)using synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared(SR-FTIR)microspectroscopy and determined its phytochemical profile.Methods:The volatile and polyphenolic compounds in PPE were characterized using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry,respectively.The antioxidant capacity of PPE was evaluated using chemical and cell-based assays.The SR-FTIR microspectroscopy was performed to evaluate the cytoprotective effect of PPE by identifying changes in macromolecule composition in tert-butyl hydroperoxide(t BuOOH)-induced oxidative damage in RAW264.7 cells.Results:A total of 48 volatile compounds and 28 polyphenol components were found in PPE.PPE exhibited a high potential for antioxidant activity by scavenging the intracellular reactive oxygen species in t Bu OOH-induced oxidative damage in RAW264.7 cells.PPE treatment also significantly protected RAW264.7 cells against t BuOOH-induced toxicity and restored cell viability.The SR-FTIR analysis revealed that t BuOOH increased the lipid and ester lipid content in RAW264.7 cells.The PPE exerted a cytoprotective effect by decreasing the levels of lipid and ester lipid compounds that had been elevated by t BuOOH in RAW264.7 cells.These findings indicate that PPE has cytoprotective potential due to its ability to inhibit endogenous reactive oxygen species.Conclusion:This study extends the current knowledge on the phytochemistry of PPE and its antioxidant and cytoprotective effects.These findings support the use of SR-FTIR microspectroscopy to determine the cytoprotective effects of natural products.PPE extract may be a candidate compound for new therapeutics and nutraceuticals that target the prevention of oxidative stress-associated diseases.
基金fully supported by the Frontier Exploration Projects of Longmen Laboratory(No.LMQYTSKT034)Key Research and Development and Promotion of Special(Science and Technology)Project of Henan Province,China(No.252102210158)。
摘要The capacity to diagnose faults in rolling bearings is of significant practical importance to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.Frequency-domain features can effectively enhance the identification of fault modes.However,existing methods often suffer from insufficient frequency-domain representation in practical applications,which greatly affects diagnostic performance.Therefore,this paper proposes a rolling bearing fault diagnosismethod based on aMulti-Scale FusionNetwork(MSFN)using the Time-Division Fourier Transform(TDFT).The method constructs multi-scale channels to extract time-domain and frequency-domain features of the signal in parallel.A multi-level,multi-scale filter-based approach is designed to extract frequency-domain features in a segmented manner.A cross-attention mechanism is introduced to facilitate the fusion of the extracted time-frequency domain features.The performance of the proposed method is validated using the CWRU and Ottawa datasets.The results show that the average accuracy of MSFN under complex noisy signals is 97.75%and 94.41%.The average accuracy under variable load conditions is 98.68%.This demonstrates its significant application potential compared to existing methods.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11775208)the Foundation for Young Talents at the College of Anhui Province,China(Grant Nos.gxyq2021210 and gxyq2019077)the Natural Science Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant Nos.KJ2020A0638 and 2022AH051586)。
摘要In our previous papers,the classical fractional Fourier transform theory was incorporated into the quantum theoretical system using the theoretical method of quantum optics,and the calculation produced quantum mechanical operators corresponding to the generation of fractional Fourier transform.The core function of the coordinate-momentum exchange operators in the addition law of fractional Fourier transform was analyzed too.In this paper,the bivariate operator Hermite polynomial theory and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP)are used to establish the entanglement fractional Fourier transform theory to the extent of quantum.A new function generating formula and an operator for generating quantum entangled fractional Fourier transform are obtained using the fractional Fourier transform relationship in a pair of conjugated entangled state representations.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2013CB338002)
摘要Since the difficulty in preparing the equal superposition state of amplitude is 1/√N, we construct a quantile transform of quantum Fourier transform (QFT) over ZN based on the elementary transforms, such as Hadamard transform and Pauli transform. The QFT over Z_N can then be realized by the quantile transform, and used to further design its quantum circuit and analyze the requirements for the quantum register and quantum gates. However, the transform needs considerable quantum computational resources and it is difficult to construct a high-dimensional quantum register. Hence, we investigate the design of t-bit quantile transform, and introduce the definition of t-bit semiclassical QFT over Z_N. According to probability amplitude, we prove that the transform can be used to realize QFT over ZN and further design its quantum circuit. For this transform, the requirements for the quantum register, the one-qubit gate, and two-qubit gate reduce obviously when compared with those for the QFT over Z_N.
摘要The high-rise frame structure has become more and more widespread, like its damage from the complication of the environment. The traditional method of damage detection, which is only suitable for the stationary signal, does not apply to a high-rise frame structure because its damage signal is non-stationary. Thus, this paper presents an application of the short-time Fourier transform(STFT) to damage detection of high-rise frame structures. Compared with the fast Fourier transform, STFT is found to be able to express the frequency spectrum property of the time interval using the signal within this interval. Application of STFT to analyzing a Matlab model and the shaking table test with a twelve-story frame-structure model reveals that there is a positive correlation between the slope of the frequency versus time and the damage level. If the slope is equal to or greater than zero, the structure is not damaged. If the slope is smaller than zero, the structure is damaged, and the less the slope is, the more serious the damage is. The damage results from calculation based on the Matlab model are consistent with those from the shaking table test, demonstrating that STFT can be a reliable tool for the damage detection of high-rise frame structures.
摘要In the present study,we synthesized CeO2 catalysts doped with various transition metals(M=Co,Fe,or Cu)using a supercritical water hydrothermal route,which led to the incorporation of the metal ions in the CeO2 lattice,forming solid solutions.The catalysts were then used for the selective catalytic reduction(SCR)of NO by CO.The Cu‐doped catalyst exhibited the highest SCR activity;it had a T50(i.e.,50%NO conversion)of only 83°C and a T90(i.e.,90%NO conversion)of 126°C.Such an activity was also higher than in many state‐of‐the‐art catalysts.In situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy suggested that the MOx‐CeO2 catalysts(M=Co and Fe)mainly followed an Eley‐Rideal reaction mechanism for CO‐SCR.In contrast,a Langmuir‐Hinshelwood SCR reaction mechanism occurred in CuO‐CeO2 owing to the presence of Cu+species,which ensured effective adsorption of CO.This explains why CuO‐CeO2 exhibited the highest activity with regard to the SCR of NO by CO.
基金Supported by the Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Projects of China (2004CB217704)the National NaturalScience Foundation of China (50721005)
摘要The pyrolysis mechanism of rice straw (RS) was investigated using a tube reactor with Fourier trans-form infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyzer. The results show that the maximum pyrolysis rate increases with increasing heating rate and the corresponding temperature also increases. The three-pseudocomponent model could describe the pyrolysis behavior of rice straw accurately. The main pyrolysis gas products are H2O, CO2, CO, CH4, HCHO (formaldehyde), HCOOH (formic acid), CH3OH (methanol), C6H5OH (phenol), etc. The releasing of H2O, CO2, CO and CH4 mainly focuses at 220-400°C. The H2O formation process is separated into two stages corresponding to the evaporation of free water and the formation of primary volatiles. The release of CO2 first increases with increasing temperature and gets the maximum at 309°C. The releasing behavior of CO is similar to H2O and CO2 between 200 and 400°C. The production of CH4 happens, compared to CO2 and CO, at higher temperatures of 275-400°C with the maximum at 309°C. When the temperature exceeds 200°C, hy-droxyl and aliphatic C H groups decrease significantly, while C O, olefinic C C bonds and ether structures in-crease first in the chars and then the aromatic structure develops with rising temperature. Above 500°C, the material becomes increasingly more aromatic and the ether groups decreases with an increase of temperature. The aromati-zation process starts at ≈350°C and continues to higher temperatures.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60232010 ,60572094)the National Science Foundation of China for Distin-guished Young Scholars (60625104)
摘要Distinguishing close chirp-rates of different linear frequency modulation (LFM) signals under concentrated and complicated signal environment was studied. Firstly, detection and parameter estimation of multi-component LFM signal were used by discrete fast fractional Fourier transform (FrFT). Then the expression of chirp-rate resolution in fractional Fourier domain (FrFD) was deduced from discrete normalize time-frequency distribution, when multi-component LFM signal had only one center frequency. Furthermore, the detail influence of the sampling time, sampling frequency and chirp-rate upon the resolution was analyzed by partial differential equation. Simulation results and analysis indicate that increasing the sampling time can enhance the resolution, but the influence of the sampling frequency can he omitted. What's more, in multi-component LFM signal, the chirp-rate resolution of FrFT is no less than a minimal value, and it mainly dependent on the biggest value of chirp-rates, with which it has an approximately positive exponential relationship.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 083H311501)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No 073H3f1514)
摘要Passive Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) remote sensing measurement of chemical gas cloud is a vital technology. It takes an important part in many fields for the detection of released gases. The principle of concentration measurement is based on the Beer-Lambert law. Unlike the active measurement, for the passive remote sensing, in most cases, the difference between the temperature of the gas cloud and the brightness temperature of the background is usually a few kelvins. The gas cloud emission is almost equal to the background emission, thereby the emission of the gas cloud cannot be ignored. The concentration retrieval algorithm is quite different from the active measurement. In this paper, the concentration retrieval algorithm for the passive FTIR remote measurement of gas cloud is presented in detail, which involves radiative transfer model, radiometric calibration, absorption coefficient calculation, et al. The background spectrum has a broad feature, which is a slowly varying function of frequency. In this paper, the background spectrum is fitted with a polynomial by using the Levenberg-Marquardt method which is a kind of nonlinear least squares fitting algorithm. No background spectra are required. Thus, this method allows mobile, real-time and fast measurements of gas clouds.
基金Project supported by the Young People Foundation of Zhejiang Normal University, China (Grant No KYJ06Y07150)
摘要This paper extends the definition of fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) proposed by Namias V by using other orthonormal bases for L^2(R) instead of Hermite-Gaussian functions. The new orthonormal basis is gained indirectly from multiresolution analysis and orthonormal wavelets. The so defined FRFT is called wavelets-fractional Fourier transform.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40874059)
摘要Currently, it is difficult for people to express signal information simultaneously in the time and frequency domains when analyzing acoustic logging signals using a simple-time or frequency-domain method. It is difficult to use a single type of time-frequency analysis method, which affects the feasibility of acoustic logging signal analysis. In order to solve these problems, in this paper, a fractional Fourier transform and smooth pseudo Wigner Ville distribution (SPWD) were combined and used to analyze array acoustic logging signals. The time-frequency distribution of signals with the variation of orders of fractional Fourier transform was obtained, and the characteristics of the time-frequency distribution of different reservoirs under different orders were summarized. Because of the rotational characteristics of the fractional Fourier transform, the rotation speed of the cross terms was faster than those of primary waves, shear waves, Stoneley waves, and pseudo Rayleigh waves. By choosing different orders for different reservoirs according to the actual circumstances, the cross terms were separated from the four kinds of waves. In this manner, we could extract reservoir information by studying the characteristics of partial waves. Actual logging data showed that the method outlined in this paper greatly weakened cross-term interference and enhanced the ability to identify partial wave signals.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Anhui Province under Grant Nos KJ2013A258 and KJ2013A261
摘要Based on Dirac's representation theory and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators, we put forward the joint wavelet-fractional Fourier transform in the context of quantum mechanics. Its corresponding transformation operator is found and the normally ordered form is deduced. This kind of transformation may be applied to analyzing and identifying quantum states.
基金the support of USDoT,Mountain Plains Consortium,UGPTI under grant No.#69A3551747108
摘要Swelling clays are found extensively in various parts of the world, and sodium-montmorillonite(NaMMT) is the main constituent of an expansive clay mineral. In this work, the swelling behavior of NaMMT clay with a wide range of organic fluids, high polar through low polar fluids, is studied using a combination of Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) technique and molecular dynamics(MD) simulations.The construction of the representative clayefluid models is carried out, and the nature of nonbonded interactions between clay and fluids is studied using MD. Our FTIR and MD simulations results suggest the significant nonbonded interactions between Na-MMT clay and polar fluids, such as formamide and water. The nonbonded interactions of Na-MMT with methanol and acetone are significantly less than those in Na-MMT with polar fluids. The interactions of the fluids with various entities of the clay such as Sie O, Fee OH, Mge OH, and Ale OH captured via the spectroscopy experiments and modeling provide a finer understanding of the interactions and their contributions to swelling. The MD simulations are able to capture the band shifts observed in the spectra obtained in the spectroscopy experiments. This work also captures the conformations of interlayer sodium ions with formamide, water, methanol, and acetone during swelling. These nonbonded interactions provide insight into the molecular mechanism that the polarity of fluids plays an important role in the initiation of interlayer swelling, alteration in the orientations, and evolution of microstructure of swelling clays at the molecular scale.
基金Supported by Fund of National Key Lab.of Communication.
摘要The method of FRactional Fourier Transform (FRFT) is introduced to Transform Domain Communication System (TDCS) for signal transforming in the paper after theoretical analysis. The method yields optimal Basis Function (BF) by FRFT with optimal transform angle. The TDCS using the proposed method has wider usable spectrum, stronger robustness and better ability of anti non-stationary jamming than using usual methods, such as Fourier Transform (FT), Auto Regressive (AR), Wavelet Transform (WT), etc. The main simulation results are as follows. First, the Bit Error Rate (BER) Pb is close to theoretical bound of no jamming no matter in single tone or in linear chirp interference. Second, the interference-to-signal ratio J /E is at least 12dB more than that of Direct Spread Spectrum System (DSSS) under the same BER if the spectrum hopping-to-signal ratio is 1:20 in chirp plus hopping interfering. Third, the Eb /N 0(when estimation difference is 90% between trans- mitter and receiver) is about 3.5dB or about 0.5dB (when estimation difference is 10% between transmitter and receiver) more than that of theoretical result when no estimation difference un-der Pb=10-2.