A rational design of Cu distribution is crucial for achieving optimal magnetic properties in Sm2Co17-type magnets.In this study,nanostructured PrO2 powders were employed to induce Cu redistribution at grain b...A rational design of Cu distribution is crucial for achieving optimal magnetic properties in Sm2Co17-type magnets.In this study,nanostructured PrO2 powders were employed to induce Cu redistribution at grain boundaries while preserving the cellular microstructure.The corresponding coercivity(Hcj),remanence(Br),and maximum energy product((BH)max) were significantly enhanced in the 1 wt% PrO2-doped magnet,with improvements of 4.36 kOe,0.22 kGs and 1.1 MGOe,respectively.These results surpass those of most rare-earth-oxide-doped Sm2Co17-type magnets reported to date.Microstructure characterization and micromagnetic simulations confirm that the coarse Cu-rich phase induced by PrO2 doping enhances the pinning strength at grain boundaries,thereby contributing to the observed coercivity enhancement.The(Sm1-xPrx)2Co17 phase exhibits a higher substitution energy barrier at Co sites,which promotes Cu migration toward grain boundaries.Meanwhile,the(Sm1-xPrx)2Co17phase also slightly improves the remanence in the 1 wt% PrO2-doped magnet due to its higher saturation magnetization(Ms).However,excessive PrO2 doping(2 wt%),while further increasing coercivity by 6.45 kOe,adversely affects squareness and remanence.This study demonstrates a viable strategy for fabricating high-performance Sm2Co17-type permanent magnets while enabling efficient utilization of rare-earth Pr oxides.展开更多
In order to achieve a modulator with broad bandwidth and perfect impedance match,a novel electro-optical modulator based on GeO2-doped silica waveguides on silicon substrate is designed.The finite element model of the...In order to achieve a modulator with broad bandwidth and perfect impedance match,a novel electro-optical modulator based on GeO2-doped silica waveguides on silicon substrate is designed.The finite element model of the whole electro-optical modulator is established by means of ANSYS.With the finite element method analysis,the performance of the novel modulator is predicted.The simulation reveals that the designed modulator operates with a product of 3 dB optical bandwidth and modulating length of 226.59 GHz·cm,and a characteristic impedance of 51.6 Ω at 1 550 nm wavelength.Moreover,the calculated electrical reflected power of coplanar waveguide electrode is below-20 dB in the frequency ranging from 45 MHz to 65 GHz.Therefore,the designed modulator has wide modulation bandwidth and perfect impedance match.展开更多
Propylene,a readily accessible and economically viable light olefin,has garnered substantial interest for its potential conversion into valuable higher olefins through oligomerization processes.The distribution of pro...Propylene,a readily accessible and economically viable light olefin,has garnered substantial interest for its potential conversion into valuable higher olefins through oligomerization processes.The distribution of products is profoundly influenced by the catalyst structure.In this study,Fe2O3-doped NiSO4/Al2O3 catalysts have been meticulously developed to facilitate the selective trimerization of propylene under mild conditions.Significantly,the 0.25Fe2O3-NiSO4/Al2O3 catalyst demonstrates an enhanced reaction rate(48.5 mmolC3/(gcat.·h)),alongside a high yield of C9(~32.2%),significantly surpassing the performance of the NiSO4/Al2O3 catalyst(C9:~24.1%).The incorporation of Fe2O3 modifies the migration process of sulfate ions,altering the Lewis acidity of the electron-deficient Ni and Fe sites on the catalyst and resulting a shift in product distribution from a Schulz-Flory distribution to a Poisson distribution.This shift is primarily ascribed to the heightened energy barrier for theβ-H elimination reaction in the C6 alkyl intermediates on the doped catalyst,further promoting polymerization to yield a greater quantity of Type II C9.Furthermore,the validation of the Cossee-Arlman mechanism within the reaction pathway has been confirmed.It is noteworthy that the 0.25Fe2O3-NiSO4/Al2O3 catalyst exhibits remarkable stability exceeding 80 h in the selective trimerization of propylene.These research findings significantly enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying olefin oligomerization reactions and provide invaluable insights for the development of more effective catalysts.展开更多
The (60 - x)Bi2O3 - xGeO2-30B2O3-10ZnO (x = 5, 10, 20, 30 molar percent) glasses doped with Er^3+ and Er^3+/Yb^3+ were fabricated using the melting method. The thermal stability of the glasses was studied with ...The (60 - x)Bi2O3 - xGeO2-30B2O3-10ZnO (x = 5, 10, 20, 30 molar percent) glasses doped with Er^3+ and Er^3+/Yb^3+ were fabricated using the melting method. The thermal stability of the glasses was studied with their DTA curves. The results show that the difference between the glass transition temperature and the crystallization onset temperature increases with the increase of GeO2 content, indicating that the thermal stability of the glass has become better. The absorption spectra were recorded and the stimulated emission cross sections were calculated using the McCumber theory. The Ω2, O4, and Ω6 parameters,the transition probability, the radiative lifetime, and the fluorescence branch ratio of Er^3+ for optical transition were calculated from their absorption spectra in terms of reduced matrix U^(t)(λ = 2, 4, 6) character for optical transitions. The infrared emission of Er^3+ was measured upon excitation with 970 nm light and the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) was estimated from the emission spectra. The pumping efficiency and the intensity of the emission at the 1.54 μm band of Er^3+ were enhanced considerably by co-doping Yb^3+ .展开更多
The (60 - x) Bi2O3-xGeO2-30B2O3-10ZnO (x = 5, 10, 20, 30 molar percent) glasses doped with Er^3+ and Er^3+/Yb^3+ were fabricated by melting method. The thermal stability of the glasses was studied by their DTA ...The (60 - x) Bi2O3-xGeO2-30B2O3-10ZnO (x = 5, 10, 20, 30 molar percent) glasses doped with Er^3+ and Er^3+/Yb^3+ were fabricated by melting method. The thermal stability of the glasses was studied by their DTA curves. The results indicate that the difference between the glass transition temperature and the crystallization onset temperature increase as increase of GeO2 content, indicating that the thermal stability of the glass becomes better. The absorption spectra were recorded. The stimulated emission cross sections were calculated by McCumber theory. The Ω2, Ω4, and Ω6 parameters, transition probability, radiative lifetime, fluorescence branch ratio of Er^3+ for optical transition were calculated from their absorption spectra in terms of reduced matrix U^(1)(λ = 2, 4, 6) character for optical transitions. The infrared emission was measured by excitation with 970 nm light and the FWHM was estimated from their emission spectra. The pumping efficiency and the intensity of emission at the band of 1.54 μm are enhanced greatly by addition of Y2O3.展开更多
Cu^2+-doped nanostructured TiO2-coated SiO2(TiO2/SiO2)particles were prepared by the layer-by-layer assembly technique and their photocatalytic property was studied.TiO2 colloids were synthesized by the sol-gel method...Cu^2+-doped nanostructured TiO2-coated SiO2(TiO2/SiO2)particles were prepared by the layer-by-layer assembly technique and their photocatalytic property was studied.TiO2 colloids were synthesized by the sol-gel method using TiOSO4 as a precursor.The experimental results showed that TiO2 nanopowders on the surface of SiO2 particles were well distributed and compact.The amount of TiO2 increased with the increase in coating layers.The shell structure appeared to be composed of anatase titania nanocrystals at 550℃.The 2-layer coated TiO2 particles on the surface showed a higher degradation rate compared with all the different-layer samples.The photocatalytic activity of Cu^2+-doped TiO2/SiO2 was higher than that ofundoped TiO2/SiO2.The optimum dopant content was about 0.10wt%.展开更多
In this work,Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1 in borosilicate glass was successfully synthesized by the melt quenching annealing technique and crystallization method.This work reports a novel Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br_...In this work,Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1 in borosilicate glass was successfully synthesized by the melt quenching annealing technique and crystallization method.This work reports a novel Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1 perovskite quantum dots(QDs)glass with high sensitivity for optical temperature sensing.The relation of fluorescence intensity ratio(FIR)with the temperature was studied in the temperature range of 80-440 K.Notably,the maximum absolute temperature sensitivity(Sa)and relative temperature sensitivity(Sr)of Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1 perovskite QDs glass can reach as high as 0.0315 K-1 and3.097%/K,respectively.Meanwhile,Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1 QDs glass demonstrates good water resistance,excellent thermal and cold cycling stability performance,The Eu3+-doped QDs glass materials can bring inspiration to the future exploration of rare earth ion-doped QDs glass material on the application of optical temperature sensing in the future.展开更多
Physical vapor deposition(PVD)can be used to produce high-quality Gd2O3-doped CeO2(GDC)films.Among various PVD methods,reactive sputtering provides unique benefits,such as high deposition rates and easy upscalin...Physical vapor deposition(PVD)can be used to produce high-quality Gd2O3-doped CeO2(GDC)films.Among various PVD methods,reactive sputtering provides unique benefits,such as high deposition rates and easy upscaling for industrial applications.GDC thin films were successfully fabricated through reactive sputtering using a Gd0.2Ce0.8(at%)metallic target,and their application in solid oxide fuel cells,such as buffer layers between yttria-stabilized zirconia(YSZ)/La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δand as sublayers in the steel/coating system,was evaluated.First,the direct current(DC)reactive-sputtering behavior of the GdCe metallic target was determined.Then,the GDC films were deposited on NiO-YSZ/YSZ half-cells to investigate the influence of oxygen flow rate on the quality of annealed GDC films.The results demonstrated that reactive sputtering can be used to prepare thin and dense GDC buffer layers without high-temperature sintering.Furthermore,the cells with a sputtered GDC buffer layer showed better electrochemical performance than those with a screen-printed GDC buffer layer.In addition,the insertion of a GDC sublayer between the SUS441 interconnects and the Mn-Co spinel coatings contributed to the reduction of the oxidation rate for SUS441 at operating temperatures,according to the area-specific resistance tests.展开更多
Y2O3-doped Mo secondary emitters were prepared by liquid-liquid doping and solid-solid doping,respectively.The back-scattered scanning observation result indicates that the emitter prepared by liquid-liquid doping has...Y2O3-doped Mo secondary emitters were prepared by liquid-liquid doping and solid-solid doping,respectively.The back-scattered scanning observation result indicates that the emitter prepared by liquid-liquid doping has fine microstructure whereas that prepared by solid-solid doping has large grain size.Y2O3-doped Mo emitter with small grain size prepared by liquid-liquid doping exhibits high emission property,i.e.,the secondary electron yield can get to 5.24,about 1.7 times that prepared by solid-solid doping.Moreover,Y2O3-doped Mo emitter exhibits the best emission performance among La2O3-doped Mo,Y2O3-doped Mo,Gd2O3-doped Mo and Ce2O3-doped Mo emitters due to the largest penetration depth of primary electrons and escape depth of secondary electrons in this emitter.The secondary emission of the emitter with small grain size can be explained by reflection emission model and transmission emission model,whereas only transmission emission exists in the emitter with large grain size.展开更多
The humidity sensing properties of La^3+ and K^+ co-doped Ti0.9Sn0.1O2 thin films were investigated. The humidity sensitive thin films were prepared by sol-gel method on alumina substrates. The sensing behaviors of ...The humidity sensing properties of La^3+ and K^+ co-doped Ti0.9Sn0.1O2 thin films were investigated. The humidity sensitive thin films were prepared by sol-gel method on alumina substrates. The sensing behaviors of thin films were inspected at different sintering temperatures by constructing a humidity-impedance measuring system. It was found that the addition of rare earth ion La^3+ and alkali ion K^+ was beneficial for improving the humidity sensitive properties of the samples and La0.003K0.5Ti0.9Sn0.1O2 sintered at 500 ℃ for 4 h showed the best humidity sensing properties. The impedance of this thin film decreased from 109 to 104 Ω with excellent linearity in the humidity range of 11%-95%. Narrow hysteresis loop, prominent stability and high sensitivity were obtained. The effects of dopant con-tent and doping mechanism on humidity sensitivity were also discussed in terms of segregation of rare earth ions at grain boundaries and granularity of crystalline and influence of K^+ on the decrease in the intrinsic resistance of the materials, and increase in the number of wa-ter adsorption sites.展开更多
A near infrared to visible blue, green, and red upconversion luminescence in a Tb^3+-doped CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass was studied, which was excited using 800 nm femtosecond laser irradiation. The upconversion luminescence...A near infrared to visible blue, green, and red upconversion luminescence in a Tb^3+-doped CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass was studied, which was excited using 800 nm femtosecond laser irradiation. The upconversion luminescence was attributed to ^5D3→^7F5, ^5D3→^7F4, ^5D3→^7F3, ^5D4→^7F6, ^5D4→^7F5, ^5D4→^7F4, and ^5D4→^7F3 transitions of Tb^3+. The relationship between upconversion luminescence intensity and the pump power indicated that a three-photon simultaneous absorption process was dominant in this upconversion luminescence. The intense red, green, and blue upconversion luminescence of Tb^3+-doped CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass may be potentially useful in developing three-dimensional display applications.展开更多
We report the structural and photoluminescence(PL) properties of Nd3+-doped Y2O3-SiO2 powders(Y2O3-SiO2:Nd3+) as functions of annealing temperature and Nd3+ ion doping concentration.Y2O_(...We report the structural and photoluminescence(PL) properties of Nd3+-doped Y2O3-SiO2 powders(Y2O3-SiO2:Nd3+) as functions of annealing temperature and Nd3+ ion doping concentration.Y2O3-SiO2:Nd3+powders were prepared using the high-energy ball-milling(HEBM) method,and their structural and PL properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy,and PL spectroscopy.The XRD results reveal a cubic phase without impurities,and the peak broadening decreases with an increase in annealing temperature due to the increase in the crystallite size.The PL emission intensity increases with an increase in annealing temperature.The highest PL emission intensity is observed for the 300-min milled mixture annealed at 1000℃ for 1 h with a Nd3+ concentration of 1 mol%.The PL peaks excited by 800 nm radiation were detected,centered at 1080 nm(4F3/2→4I11/2) and 1350 nm(4F3/2→4I13/2).展开更多
The Ba2+-doped Sr2.4Y0.2Eu0.2V2O8phosphors were synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction.Upon excitation with 416 nm irradiation,the emission spectra for the Ba2+-doped Sr2.4Y0.2...The Ba2+-doped Sr2.4Y0.2Eu0.2V2O8phosphors were synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction.Upon excitation with 416 nm irradiation,the emission spectra for the Ba2+-doped Sr2.4Y0.2Eu0.2V2O8samples were composed of the well-known line locating at 595nm(5D0→7F1),619nm(5D0→7F2),652nm(5D0→7F3),and 700nm(5D0→7F4)resulting from the emission of Eu3+due to transition of5D0→7FJ.The emission intensity increased and then decreased with increasing Ba content,and the maximum emission intensity was achieved when x was 0.15.These results indicated that the Ba dopant acts as one sensitizer and enhanced the photoluminescence intensity.展开更多
With the increasing demand for non-co ntact fluorescence intensity ratio-based optical thermometry,novel phosphor materials with high-efficiency,dual-emitting centers,and differentiable temperature sensitivity are hig...With the increasing demand for non-co ntact fluorescence intensity ratio-based optical thermometry,novel phosphor materials with high-efficiency,dual-emitting centers,and differentiable temperature sensitivity are highly desired,In this wo rk,rare earth Eu2+ ions were incorporated Wnto CsCu2I3 microcrystals by solidstate reaction,Under a single UV excitation,the as-synthesized samples exhibit two emissions:452 nm blue emission from the 5d→4f transition of Eu2+and 582 nm yellow emission from self-trapped exciton e mission of CsCu2I3.The photoluminescence quantum yield reaches to 50%,The dual-band emission of Eu2+-doped CsCu2I3 shows different temperature responses in the range of 260-360 K.Based on fluorescence intensity ratio technology,the maximum absolute sensitivity and re Iative sensitivity are 0.091 K-1(at 360 K) and 2.60%/K(at 260 K),respectively.These results suggest that Eu2+-doped GsCu2I3 could be a good candidate for highly sensitive optical thermometer.展开更多
The development of an efficient artificial H2O2 photosynthesis system is a challenging work using H2O and O2 as starting materials.Herein,3D In2.77S4 nanoflower precursor was in-situ deposited on K^(...The development of an efficient artificial H2O2 photosynthesis system is a challenging work using H2O and O2 as starting materials.Herein,3D In2.77S4 nanoflower precursor was in-situ deposited on K+-doped g-C3N4(KCN)nanosheets using a solvothermal method,then In2.77S4/KCN(IS/KCN)het-erojunction with an intimate interface was obtained after a calcination process.The investigation shows that the photocatalytic H2O2 production rate of 50IS/KCN can reach up to 1.36 mmol g-1h-1without any sacrificial reagents under visible light irradiation,which is 9.2 times and 4.1 times higher than that of KCN and In2.77S4espectively.The enhanced activity of the above composite can be mainly attributed to the S-scheme charge transfer route between KCN and In2.77S4 according to density functional theory calculations,electron paramagnetic resonance and free radical capture tests,leading to an expanded light response range and rapid charge separation at their interface,as well as preserving the active electrons and holes for H2O2 production.Besides,the unique 3D nanostructure and surface hydrophobicity of IS/KCN facilitate the diffusion and transportation of O2 around the active centers,the energy barriers of O2 protonation and H2O2 desorption steps are ef-fectively reduced over the composite.In addition,this system also exhibits excellent light harvesting ability and stability.This work provides a potential strategy to explore a sustainable H2O2 photo-synthesis pathway through the design of heterojunctions with intimate interfaces and desired reac-tion thermodynamics and kinetics.展开更多
The study of nanocrystalline SnO2 (n-SnO2) and SiO2-doped SnO2 (n-Si-SnO2) samples pre-pared by the sol-gel process showed that SiO2 doping can effectively restrained the growth of nanocrystalline SnO2 grains, thus im...The study of nanocrystalline SnO2 (n-SnO2) and SiO2-doped SnO2 (n-Si-SnO2) samples pre-pared by the sol-gel process showed that SiO2 doping can effectively restrained the growth of nanocrystalline SnO2 grains, thus improving thermal stability of the materials.展开更多
The inter-relation between zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameters and local lattice structures of the (CrSe4)6 clusters in ZnSe semiconductors has been established by using the complete diagonalization (of the ene...The inter-relation between zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameters and local lattice structures of the (CrSe4)6 clusters in ZnSe semiconductors has been established by using the complete diagonalization (of the energy matrix) method. On the basis of this, the local lattice distortions, the ZFS parameters D, a, F and the optical spectrum for Cr2+ ions doped into ZnSe are theoretically investigated, and the contributions of the spin singlets have been taken into account. The calculated ZFS parameters are in good agreement with the experimental values. From our calculations, the tetragonal distortion parameters AR = 0.091A and Aθ = 4.28° of Cr2+ in ZnSe are acquired, and the results suggest that there exists a tetragonal expansion distortion for the local lattice structure of (CrSe4)6- clusters in ZnSe crystals. The influence of the spin singlets on ZFS parameters is also discussed, indicating that the contributions to ZFS parameters a and F cannot be ignored.展开更多
Advanced cathode materials are urgently required for the sustainable development of high-energydensity secondary batteries.As a promising candidate,the electrochemical performance of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(LN...Advanced cathode materials are urgently required for the sustainable development of high-energydensity secondary batteries.As a promising candidate,the electrochemical performance of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(LNCM)should be further optimized to reach the market demand due to its rapid decay issue.Herein,a series of trace Yb3+-doping LNCM-Yb(x)(x=1 mol%-10 mol%)samples was prepared through a typical hydrothermal method.X-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns confirm that the crystal structure of LNCM-Yb(x)remains basically identical with the pristine LiNiO2-phased LNCM,but a well-distributed associated LiYbO2phase is also indexed.Relying on the introduced Yb3+and generated LiYbO2,it is found that the Li+diffusion coefficient and conductivity are co-modulated,thus the rate and cycling performances are obviously enhanced,where LNCM-Yb3displays an enhanced rate capacity of 191 mAh/g at the first 0.1C and 181 mAh/g at the finial 0.1C,delivering the capacity retention of 94.76%after 60 cycles.Also,LNCM-Yb3conveys a nice capacity retention of 68.02%after 300 cycles at 1C,compared with LNCM(6.47%after 200 cycles).The formation mechanism and atomic substitution relationship are then obtained by density functional theory calculations.Therefore,it is expected to provide a useful guideline to promote the development of LNCM-based cathode towards secondary batteries.展开更多
In this paper,La(3)-doped Nano-TiO2(La(3)-TiO2) was synthesized via hydrothermal process.Structure and optical properties of the synthesized samples were characterized via XRD,FT-IR,DRS,etc.The results showed th...In this paper,La(3)-doped Nano-TiO2(La(3)-TiO2) was synthesized via hydrothermal process.Structure and optical properties of the synthesized samples were characterized via XRD,FT-IR,DRS,etc.The results showed that the phase transformation of TiO2 from anatase to rutile was effectively prevented by La(3)-doping,which improved the thermal stability of anatase,and also suppressed particle aggregation and grain growth of TiO2.The formation of Ti-O-La bond promoted UV absorption intensity of TiO2,and provoked red shift of absorbed light.And the spectra response range of TiO2 was extended significantly to visible light by La(3)-doping,then photocatalytic performance was improved effectively.Compared with pure nano-TiO2,the performance of La(3)-TiO2 which photocatalyticly degraded methyl orange was increased significantly.展开更多
Ba2+doped Y0.75 Bi0.15 Sm0.10 VO4 were synthesized using a conventional sona-szate reaction route.X-ray diffraction and fluorescence spectrophotometer were used to investigate the effects of doping Ba^(...Ba2+doped Y0.75 Bi0.15 Sm0.10 VO4 were synthesized using a conventional sona-szate reaction route.X-ray diffraction and fluorescence spectrophotometer were used to investigate the effects of doping Ba2+ions on the crystal structure and luminescence properties of the samples.The XRD results indicated that the crystal structure type of the host had not been changed by doping Ba2+-ions.The photoluminescent intensity was enhanced by Ba2+doped Y0.75 Bi0.15 Sm0.10 VO4 phosphors,and the related mechanism was discussed.展开更多
基金financially supported by the fifth batch of major research and development projects in Panxi Experimental Zone(Grant No.2021dfky005).
摘要A rational design of Cu distribution is crucial for achieving optimal magnetic properties in Sm2Co17-type magnets.In this study,nanostructured PrO2 powders were employed to induce Cu redistribution at grain boundaries while preserving the cellular microstructure.The corresponding coercivity(Hcj),remanence(Br),and maximum energy product((BH)max) were significantly enhanced in the 1 wt% PrO2-doped magnet,with improvements of 4.36 kOe,0.22 kGs and 1.1 MGOe,respectively.These results surpass those of most rare-earth-oxide-doped Sm2Co17-type magnets reported to date.Microstructure characterization and micromagnetic simulations confirm that the coarse Cu-rich phase induced by PrO2 doping enhances the pinning strength at grain boundaries,thereby contributing to the observed coercivity enhancement.The(Sm1-xPrx)2Co17 phase exhibits a higher substitution energy barrier at Co sites,which promotes Cu migration toward grain boundaries.Meanwhile,the(Sm1-xPrx)2Co17phase also slightly improves the remanence in the 1 wt% PrO2-doped magnet due to its higher saturation magnetization(Ms).However,excessive PrO2 doping(2 wt%),while further increasing coercivity by 6.45 kOe,adversely affects squareness and remanence.This study demonstrates a viable strategy for fabricating high-performance Sm2Co17-type permanent magnets while enabling efficient utilization of rare-earth Pr oxides.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60577023)Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information and Technical Science of Ministry of Education,China
摘要In order to achieve a modulator with broad bandwidth and perfect impedance match,a novel electro-optical modulator based on GeO2-doped silica waveguides on silicon substrate is designed.The finite element model of the whole electro-optical modulator is established by means of ANSYS.With the finite element method analysis,the performance of the novel modulator is predicted.The simulation reveals that the designed modulator operates with a product of 3 dB optical bandwidth and modulating length of 226.59 GHz·cm,and a characteristic impedance of 51.6 Ω at 1 550 nm wavelength.Moreover,the calculated electrical reflected power of coplanar waveguide electrode is below-20 dB in the frequency ranging from 45 MHz to 65 GHz.Therefore,the designed modulator has wide modulation bandwidth and perfect impedance match.
摘要Propylene,a readily accessible and economically viable light olefin,has garnered substantial interest for its potential conversion into valuable higher olefins through oligomerization processes.The distribution of products is profoundly influenced by the catalyst structure.In this study,Fe2O3-doped NiSO4/Al2O3 catalysts have been meticulously developed to facilitate the selective trimerization of propylene under mild conditions.Significantly,the 0.25Fe2O3-NiSO4/Al2O3 catalyst demonstrates an enhanced reaction rate(48.5 mmolC3/(gcat.·h)),alongside a high yield of C9(~32.2%),significantly surpassing the performance of the NiSO4/Al2O3 catalyst(C9:~24.1%).The incorporation of Fe2O3 modifies the migration process of sulfate ions,altering the Lewis acidity of the electron-deficient Ni and Fe sites on the catalyst and resulting a shift in product distribution from a Schulz-Flory distribution to a Poisson distribution.This shift is primarily ascribed to the heightened energy barrier for theβ-H elimination reaction in the C6 alkyl intermediates on the doped catalyst,further promoting polymerization to yield a greater quantity of Type II C9.Furthermore,the validation of the Cossee-Arlman mechanism within the reaction pathway has been confirmed.It is noteworthy that the 0.25Fe2O3-NiSO4/Al2O3 catalyst exhibits remarkable stability exceeding 80 h in the selective trimerization of propylene.These research findings significantly enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying olefin oligomerization reactions and provide invaluable insights for the development of more effective catalysts.
摘要The (60 - x)Bi2O3 - xGeO2-30B2O3-10ZnO (x = 5, 10, 20, 30 molar percent) glasses doped with Er^3+ and Er^3+/Yb^3+ were fabricated using the melting method. The thermal stability of the glasses was studied with their DTA curves. The results show that the difference between the glass transition temperature and the crystallization onset temperature increases with the increase of GeO2 content, indicating that the thermal stability of the glass has become better. The absorption spectra were recorded and the stimulated emission cross sections were calculated using the McCumber theory. The Ω2, O4, and Ω6 parameters,the transition probability, the radiative lifetime, and the fluorescence branch ratio of Er^3+ for optical transition were calculated from their absorption spectra in terms of reduced matrix U^(t)(λ = 2, 4, 6) character for optical transitions. The infrared emission of Er^3+ was measured upon excitation with 970 nm light and the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) was estimated from the emission spectra. The pumping efficiency and the intensity of the emission at the 1.54 μm band of Er^3+ were enhanced considerably by co-doping Yb^3+ .
摘要The (60 - x) Bi2O3-xGeO2-30B2O3-10ZnO (x = 5, 10, 20, 30 molar percent) glasses doped with Er^3+ and Er^3+/Yb^3+ were fabricated by melting method. The thermal stability of the glasses was studied by their DTA curves. The results indicate that the difference between the glass transition temperature and the crystallization onset temperature increase as increase of GeO2 content, indicating that the thermal stability of the glass becomes better. The absorption spectra were recorded. The stimulated emission cross sections were calculated by McCumber theory. The Ω2, Ω4, and Ω6 parameters, transition probability, radiative lifetime, fluorescence branch ratio of Er^3+ for optical transition were calculated from their absorption spectra in terms of reduced matrix U^(1)(λ = 2, 4, 6) character for optical transitions. The infrared emission was measured by excitation with 970 nm light and the FWHM was estimated from their emission spectra. The pumping efficiency and the intensity of emission at the band of 1.54 μm are enhanced greatly by addition of Y2O3.
基金the Department of Education of Hebei Province,China(No.2005362)
摘要Cu^2+-doped nanostructured TiO2-coated SiO2(TiO2/SiO2)particles were prepared by the layer-by-layer assembly technique and their photocatalytic property was studied.TiO2 colloids were synthesized by the sol-gel method using TiOSO4 as a precursor.The experimental results showed that TiO2 nanopowders on the surface of SiO2 particles were well distributed and compact.The amount of TiO2 increased with the increase in coating layers.The shell structure appeared to be composed of anatase titania nanocrystals at 550℃.The 2-layer coated TiO2 particles on the surface showed a higher degradation rate compared with all the different-layer samples.The photocatalytic activity of Cu^2+-doped TiO2/SiO2 was higher than that ofundoped TiO2/SiO2.The optimum dopant content was about 0.10wt%.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872207,51672192)。
摘要In this work,Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1 in borosilicate glass was successfully synthesized by the melt quenching annealing technique and crystallization method.This work reports a novel Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1 perovskite quantum dots(QDs)glass with high sensitivity for optical temperature sensing.The relation of fluorescence intensity ratio(FIR)with the temperature was studied in the temperature range of 80-440 K.Notably,the maximum absolute temperature sensitivity(Sa)and relative temperature sensitivity(Sr)of Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1 perovskite QDs glass can reach as high as 0.0315 K-1 and3.097%/K,respectively.Meanwhile,Eu3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1 QDs glass demonstrates good water resistance,excellent thermal and cold cycling stability performance,The Eu3+-doped QDs glass materials can bring inspiration to the future exploration of rare earth ion-doped QDs glass material on the application of optical temperature sensing in the future.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFB1502203-1)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No. 2021B1515120087)the Stable Supporting Fund of Shenzhen, China (No. GXWD20201230155427003-202007 28114835006)
摘要Physical vapor deposition(PVD)can be used to produce high-quality Gd2O3-doped CeO2(GDC)films.Among various PVD methods,reactive sputtering provides unique benefits,such as high deposition rates and easy upscaling for industrial applications.GDC thin films were successfully fabricated through reactive sputtering using a Gd0.2Ce0.8(at%)metallic target,and their application in solid oxide fuel cells,such as buffer layers between yttria-stabilized zirconia(YSZ)/La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δand as sublayers in the steel/coating system,was evaluated.First,the direct current(DC)reactive-sputtering behavior of the GdCe metallic target was determined.Then,the GDC films were deposited on NiO-YSZ/YSZ half-cells to investigate the influence of oxygen flow rate on the quality of annealed GDC films.The results demonstrated that reactive sputtering can be used to prepare thin and dense GDC buffer layers without high-temperature sintering.Furthermore,the cells with a sputtered GDC buffer layer showed better electrochemical performance than those with a screen-printed GDC buffer layer.In addition,the insertion of a GDC sublayer between the SUS441 interconnects and the Mn-Co spinel coatings contributed to the reduction of the oxidation rate for SUS441 at operating temperatures,according to the area-specific resistance tests.
基金Projects(2006AA03Z524,2008AA031001)supported by the National Hi-tech Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(50801001)supported by the National Natural Foundation of China
摘要Y2O3-doped Mo secondary emitters were prepared by liquid-liquid doping and solid-solid doping,respectively.The back-scattered scanning observation result indicates that the emitter prepared by liquid-liquid doping has fine microstructure whereas that prepared by solid-solid doping has large grain size.Y2O3-doped Mo emitter with small grain size prepared by liquid-liquid doping exhibits high emission property,i.e.,the secondary electron yield can get to 5.24,about 1.7 times that prepared by solid-solid doping.Moreover,Y2O3-doped Mo emitter exhibits the best emission performance among La2O3-doped Mo,Y2O3-doped Mo,Gd2O3-doped Mo and Ce2O3-doped Mo emitters due to the largest penetration depth of primary electrons and escape depth of secondary electrons in this emitter.The secondary emission of the emitter with small grain size can be explained by reflection emission model and transmission emission model,whereas only transmission emission exists in the emitter with large grain size.
摘要The humidity sensing properties of La^3+ and K^+ co-doped Ti0.9Sn0.1O2 thin films were investigated. The humidity sensitive thin films were prepared by sol-gel method on alumina substrates. The sensing behaviors of thin films were inspected at different sintering temperatures by constructing a humidity-impedance measuring system. It was found that the addition of rare earth ion La^3+ and alkali ion K^+ was beneficial for improving the humidity sensitive properties of the samples and La0.003K0.5Ti0.9Sn0.1O2 sintered at 500 ℃ for 4 h showed the best humidity sensing properties. The impedance of this thin film decreased from 109 to 104 Ω with excellent linearity in the humidity range of 11%-95%. Narrow hysteresis loop, prominent stability and high sensitivity were obtained. The effects of dopant con-tent and doping mechanism on humidity sensitivity were also discussed in terms of segregation of rare earth ions at grain boundaries and granularity of crystalline and influence of K^+ on the decrease in the intrinsic resistance of the materials, and increase in the number of wa-ter adsorption sites.
基金supported by the Education Department of Zhejiang Province (20050359)
摘要A near infrared to visible blue, green, and red upconversion luminescence in a Tb^3+-doped CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass was studied, which was excited using 800 nm femtosecond laser irradiation. The upconversion luminescence was attributed to ^5D3→^7F5, ^5D3→^7F4, ^5D3→^7F3, ^5D4→^7F6, ^5D4→^7F5, ^5D4→^7F4, and ^5D4→^7F3 transitions of Tb^3+. The relationship between upconversion luminescence intensity and the pump power indicated that a three-photon simultaneous absorption process was dominant in this upconversion luminescence. The intense red, green, and blue upconversion luminescence of Tb^3+-doped CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass may be potentially useful in developing three-dimensional display applications.
基金The authors would like to thank the financial support by a 2019 research fund from Chosun University.
摘要We report the structural and photoluminescence(PL) properties of Nd3+-doped Y2O3-SiO2 powders(Y2O3-SiO2:Nd3+) as functions of annealing temperature and Nd3+ ion doping concentration.Y2O3-SiO2:Nd3+powders were prepared using the high-energy ball-milling(HEBM) method,and their structural and PL properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy,and PL spectroscopy.The XRD results reveal a cubic phase without impurities,and the peak broadening decreases with an increase in annealing temperature due to the increase in the crystallite size.The PL emission intensity increases with an increase in annealing temperature.The highest PL emission intensity is observed for the 300-min milled mixture annealed at 1000℃ for 1 h with a Nd3+ concentration of 1 mol%.The PL peaks excited by 800 nm radiation were detected,centered at 1080 nm(4F3/2→4I11/2) and 1350 nm(4F3/2→4I13/2).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11204001,11174004)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(1208085QA07,1308085MA04)+2 种基金the Higher Educational Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(KJ2013A031)Anhui University Scientific Research Fund(201410357005,KYXL2013009)“211 Project”of Anhui University(SZJYKC2013020,XJGXKC1401)
摘要The Ba2+-doped Sr2.4Y0.2Eu0.2V2O8phosphors were synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction.Upon excitation with 416 nm irradiation,the emission spectra for the Ba2+-doped Sr2.4Y0.2Eu0.2V2O8samples were composed of the well-known line locating at 595nm(5D0→7F1),619nm(5D0→7F2),652nm(5D0→7F3),and 700nm(5D0→7F4)resulting from the emission of Eu3+due to transition of5D0→7FJ.The emission intensity increased and then decreased with increasing Ba content,and the maximum emission intensity was achieved when x was 0.15.These results indicated that the Ba dopant acts as one sensitizer and enhanced the photoluminescence intensity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62205072)Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2022GXNSFBA035656)+1 种基金Science and Technology Agency of Guangxi (GuikeAD20159054)Education Department of Guangxi (2019KY0004)。
摘要With the increasing demand for non-co ntact fluorescence intensity ratio-based optical thermometry,novel phosphor materials with high-efficiency,dual-emitting centers,and differentiable temperature sensitivity are highly desired,In this wo rk,rare earth Eu2+ ions were incorporated Wnto CsCu2I3 microcrystals by solidstate reaction,Under a single UV excitation,the as-synthesized samples exhibit two emissions:452 nm blue emission from the 5d→4f transition of Eu2+and 582 nm yellow emission from self-trapped exciton e mission of CsCu2I3.The photoluminescence quantum yield reaches to 50%,The dual-band emission of Eu2+-doped CsCu2I3 shows different temperature responses in the range of 260-360 K.Based on fluorescence intensity ratio technology,the maximum absolute sensitivity and re Iative sensitivity are 0.091 K-1(at 360 K) and 2.60%/K(at 260 K),respectively.These results suggest that Eu2+-doped GsCu2I3 could be a good candidate for highly sensitive optical thermometer.
摘要The development of an efficient artificial H2O2 photosynthesis system is a challenging work using H2O and O2 as starting materials.Herein,3D In2.77S4 nanoflower precursor was in-situ deposited on K+-doped g-C3N4(KCN)nanosheets using a solvothermal method,then In2.77S4/KCN(IS/KCN)het-erojunction with an intimate interface was obtained after a calcination process.The investigation shows that the photocatalytic H2O2 production rate of 50IS/KCN can reach up to 1.36 mmol g-1h-1without any sacrificial reagents under visible light irradiation,which is 9.2 times and 4.1 times higher than that of KCN and In2.77S4espectively.The enhanced activity of the above composite can be mainly attributed to the S-scheme charge transfer route between KCN and In2.77S4 according to density functional theory calculations,electron paramagnetic resonance and free radical capture tests,leading to an expanded light response range and rapid charge separation at their interface,as well as preserving the active electrons and holes for H2O2 production.Besides,the unique 3D nanostructure and surface hydrophobicity of IS/KCN facilitate the diffusion and transportation of O2 around the active centers,the energy barriers of O2 protonation and H2O2 desorption steps are ef-fectively reduced over the composite.In addition,this system also exhibits excellent light harvesting ability and stability.This work provides a potential strategy to explore a sustainable H2O2 photo-synthesis pathway through the design of heterojunctions with intimate interfaces and desired reac-tion thermodynamics and kinetics.
摘要The study of nanocrystalline SnO2 (n-SnO2) and SiO2-doped SnO2 (n-Si-SnO2) samples pre-pared by the sol-gel process showed that SiO2 doping can effectively restrained the growth of nanocrystalline SnO2 grains, thus improving thermal stability of the materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11274235 and 11104190)the Doctoral Education Fund of Education Ministry of China(Grant No.20110181120112)
摘要The inter-relation between zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameters and local lattice structures of the (CrSe4)6 clusters in ZnSe semiconductors has been established by using the complete diagonalization (of the energy matrix) method. On the basis of this, the local lattice distortions, the ZFS parameters D, a, F and the optical spectrum for Cr2+ ions doped into ZnSe are theoretically investigated, and the contributions of the spin singlets have been taken into account. The calculated ZFS parameters are in good agreement with the experimental values. From our calculations, the tetragonal distortion parameters AR = 0.091A and Aθ = 4.28° of Cr2+ in ZnSe are acquired, and the results suggest that there exists a tetragonal expansion distortion for the local lattice structure of (CrSe4)6- clusters in ZnSe crystals. The influence of the spin singlets on ZFS parameters is also discussed, indicating that the contributions to ZFS parameters a and F cannot be ignored.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52471091)Science Foundation of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education(Z20210201)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2023-JC-QN-0514)Xi'an Key Laboratory of Clean Energy(2019219914SYS014CG036)the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials(2022-Z01)。
摘要Advanced cathode materials are urgently required for the sustainable development of high-energydensity secondary batteries.As a promising candidate,the electrochemical performance of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(LNCM)should be further optimized to reach the market demand due to its rapid decay issue.Herein,a series of trace Yb3+-doping LNCM-Yb(x)(x=1 mol%-10 mol%)samples was prepared through a typical hydrothermal method.X-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns confirm that the crystal structure of LNCM-Yb(x)remains basically identical with the pristine LiNiO2-phased LNCM,but a well-distributed associated LiYbO2phase is also indexed.Relying on the introduced Yb3+and generated LiYbO2,it is found that the Li+diffusion coefficient and conductivity are co-modulated,thus the rate and cycling performances are obviously enhanced,where LNCM-Yb3displays an enhanced rate capacity of 191 mAh/g at the first 0.1C and 181 mAh/g at the finial 0.1C,delivering the capacity retention of 94.76%after 60 cycles.Also,LNCM-Yb3conveys a nice capacity retention of 68.02%after 300 cycles at 1C,compared with LNCM(6.47%after 200 cycles).The formation mechanism and atomic substitution relationship are then obtained by density functional theory calculations.Therefore,it is expected to provide a useful guideline to promote the development of LNCM-based cathode towards secondary batteries.
基金Supported by Fujian High-tech Project Foundation (No 2004H008)
摘要In this paper,La(3)-doped Nano-TiO2(La(3)-TiO2) was synthesized via hydrothermal process.Structure and optical properties of the synthesized samples were characterized via XRD,FT-IR,DRS,etc.The results showed that the phase transformation of TiO2 from anatase to rutile was effectively prevented by La(3)-doping,which improved the thermal stability of anatase,and also suppressed particle aggregation and grain growth of TiO2.The formation of Ti-O-La bond promoted UV absorption intensity of TiO2,and provoked red shift of absorbed light.And the spectra response range of TiO2 was extended significantly to visible light by La(3)-doping,then photocatalytic performance was improved effectively.Compared with pure nano-TiO2,the performance of La(3)-TiO2 which photocatalyticly degraded methyl orange was increased significantly.
基金Supported by Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(1308085MA04)the Higher Educational Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(KJ2013A031)+2 种基金Anhui University Scientific Research Fund(KYXL2013009)“211 Project”of Anhui University(SZJYKC2013020)National Training Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(201410357005)
摘要Ba2+doped Y0.75 Bi0.15 Sm0.10 VO4 were synthesized using a conventional sona-szate reaction route.X-ray diffraction and fluorescence spectrophotometer were used to investigate the effects of doping Ba2+ions on the crystal structure and luminescence properties of the samples.The XRD results indicated that the crystal structure type of the host had not been changed by doping Ba2+-ions.The photoluminescent intensity was enhanced by Ba2+doped Y0.75 Bi0.15 Sm0.10 VO4 phosphors,and the related mechanism was discussed.