In this work,the Hierarchical Quadrature Element Method(HQEM)formulation of geometrically exact shells is proposed and applied for geometrically nonlinear analyses of both isotropic and laminated shells.The stress res...In this work,the Hierarchical Quadrature Element Method(HQEM)formulation of geometrically exact shells is proposed and applied for geometrically nonlinear analyses of both isotropic and laminated shells.The stress resultant formulation is developed within the HQEM framework,consequently significantly simplifying the computations of residual force and stiffness matrix.The present formulation inherently avoids shear and membrane locking,benefiting from its high-order approximation property.Furthermore,HQEM’s independent nodal distribution capability conveniently supports local p-refinement and flexibly facilitates mesh generation in various structural configurations through the combination of quadrilateral and triangular elements.Remarkably,in lateral buckling analysis,the HQEM outperforms the weak-form quadrilateral element(QEM)in accuracy with identical nodal degrees of freedom(three displacements and two rotations).Under high-load nonlinear response,the QEM exhibits a maximum relative deviation of approximately 9.5%from the reference,while the HQEM remains closely aligned with the benchmark results.In addition,for the cantilever beam under tip moment,HQEM produces virtually no out-of-plane deviation,compared to a slight deviation of 0.00001 with QEM,confirming its superior numerical reliability.In summary,the method demonstrates high accuracy,superior convergence,and robustness in handling large rotations and complex post-buckling behaviors across a series of benchmark problems.展开更多
In ultra-deep well operations,severe lateral vibration of drill string is a major factorin tool failure and decreased drilling efficiency.To investigate the vibration mechanisms and identify effective mitigation appro...In ultra-deep well operations,severe lateral vibration of drill string is a major factorin tool failure and decreased drilling efficiency.To investigate the vibration mechanisms and identify effective mitigation approaches,a dynamic model for lateral vibration in ultra-deep well drill strings was established using Cosserat geometrically exact beam theory.The model systematically examined the effects of rotational speed,WoB,andstabilizer position andsize on the vibration behavior.Key findings were validated against downhole measurement data from ultra-deep wells.Additionally,two control strategies leveraging modal competition and transverse wave disturbance were proposed.Results indicate that the bottom hole assembly(BHA)is particularly prone tointense lateral vibrations,with its vibrational modes governed by rotational speedand WOB.When the WOB isbelow the critical bucklingload,increasing either the rotational speed or WOBpromotes backward whirling of the BHA,thereby intensifying the vibration severity and bending stress.Conversely,when theWOB exceeds the critical buckling load,the system transitions into a buckling-whirling competition mode,resulting in a significant reduction in the vibration intensityand bending stress.This trend was reasonably verified through field data.Artificially inducingthis low-risk modal competition by adjusting theWOB and rotational speed can effectively reduce the probabilityof drill stringfailure.The motion of stabilizers shifts from forward whirling to backward whirling as the diameter decreases,which considerably alters the vibration-propagation patterns.The vibration-damping effects of both full-gauge and under-gauge stabilizers initially increase and then decrease as their installation position moves upward.Undergauge stabilizers exhibit less consistent behavior under non-severe vibration conditions;nevertheless,they can suppress severe whirling by interfering with adjacent drill string vibrations through lowfrequency transverse waves.They also demonstrate lower sensitivity to the installation position and enhance drill string safety through stress dispersion.Considering comprehensive vibration suppression,drill string integrity,and engineering applicability,installing under-gauge stabilizers can be a viable BHA optimization measure with significant practical value.This study provides a theoretical basis for vibration control in ultra-deep well drill strings,and the proposedstrategy offers valuable insights for improvingdrilling efficiency and ensuring operational safety.展开更多
Elucidating the relationship between geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)and back stress is essential for modeling the strain hardening behavior of polycrystalline materials.This study employs dislocation dynami...Elucidating the relationship between geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)and back stress is essential for modeling the strain hardening behavior of polycrystalline materials.This study employs dislocation dynamics simulations to quantitatively assess the impact of GND distributions on the associated back stress at the mesoscale.In a simple cubic lattice,the stress fields generated by elementary GND boundaries,including variations in boundary sizes,dislocation types,and distribution patterns,are systematically analyzed.By taking into account the fluctuation of surface GND density,the calculation of back stress is established using the elasticity theory of dislocations combined with scaling functions.It has been demonstrated that the surface GND density is a critical parameter that controls the amplitude of back stress.Subsequently,the prediction of back stress in face-centered cubic crystalline grains is validated with more realistic GND distributions.Considering identical initial Frank-Read sources,dislocation pile-ups are predominantly formed in coarse grains,yet the resulting surface GND density remains comparable to that observed in smaller grains.This phenomenon is responsible for the similar back stress values in grains of varying sizes.Finally,the activation of cross-slip inhibits the formation of dislocation pile-ups,leading to a linear decrease in back stress with increasing plastic strain.展开更多
Based on the special Euclidean group SE(3),a geometrically exact shell element is proposed for the analysis of structures undergoing large deformation and finite rotation.First,a unified description of the nodal varia...Based on the special Euclidean group SE(3),a geometrically exact shell element is proposed for the analysis of structures undergoing large deformation and finite rotation.First,a unified description of the nodal variables is established within the SE(3)framework,which accurately captures the coupling effect of translation and rotation.However,conventional interpolation schemes on the non-commutative manifold are path-dependent and fail to maintain physical objectivity,which often leads to spurious strain energy.By combining implicit iterative interpolation and explicit relative configuration interpolation,a precision-reserved interpolation scheme is proposed.By applying the logarithmic mapping on the SE(3)manifold,nodal configuration increments are transformed into the left tangent space of the same reference point,eliminating path dependency.Subsequently,the Lagrange interpolation is applied to both the translational and rotational increments in this tangent space,ensuring their C continuity.Finally,the explicit expressions for the discrete deformation gradients and strains are derived based on the variational principles.Furthermore,the permutation tensor is utilized to handle the variation and linearization of the involved nonlinear mappings.It results in the explicit expression for the geometric stiffness matrix and thus reduces the updating operation of the Jacobian matrix during iterations.Four numerical examples are presented to verify the property of the element in resisting shear locking and its accuracy in handling geometric nonlinear problems of thin-walled or thick-walled structures.展开更多
This paper presents an improved level set method for topology optimization of geometrically nonlinear structures accounting for the effect of thermo-mechanical couplings.It derives a new expression for element couplin...This paper presents an improved level set method for topology optimization of geometrically nonlinear structures accounting for the effect of thermo-mechanical couplings.It derives a new expression for element coupling stress resulting from the combination of mechanical and thermal loading,using geometric nonlinear finite element analysis.A topological model is then developed to minimize compliance while meeting displacement and frequency constraints to fulfill design requirements of structural members.Since the conventional Lagrange multiplier search method is unable to handle convergence instability arising from large deformation,a novel Lagrange multiplier search method is proposed.Additionally,the proposed method can be extended to multi-constrained geometrically nonlinear topology optimization,accommodating multiple physical field couplings.展开更多
Nanoindentation and high resolution electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD) were combined to examine the elastic modulus and hardness of α and β phases,anisotropy in residual elastic stress strain fields and distri...Nanoindentation and high resolution electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD) were combined to examine the elastic modulus and hardness of α and β phases,anisotropy in residual elastic stress strain fields and distributions of geometrically necessary dislocation(GND) density around the indentations within TA15 titanium alloy.The nano-indention tests were conducted on α and β phases,respectively.The residual stress strain fields surrounding the indentation were calculated through crosscorrelation method from recorded patterns.The GND density distribution around the indentation was calculated based on the strain gradient theories to reveal the micro-mechanism of plastic deformation.The results indicate that the elastic modulus and hardness for α p hase are 129.05 GPas and 6.44 GPa,while for β phase,their values are 109.80 GPa and 4.29 GPa,respectively.The residual Mises stress distribution around the indentation is relatively heterogeneous and significantly influenced by neighboring soft β phase.The region with low residual stress around the indentation is accompanied with markedly high a type and prismatic-GND density.展开更多
Based on the theory of Timoshenko and thin-walled beams,a new finite element model of spatial thin-walled beams with general open cross sections is presented in the paper,in which several factors are included such as ...Based on the theory of Timoshenko and thin-walled beams,a new finite element model of spatial thin-walled beams with general open cross sections is presented in the paper,in which several factors are included such as lateral shear deformation,warp generated by nonuni-form torsion and second-order shear stress,coupling of flexure and torsion,and large displacement with small strain.With an additional internal node in the element,the element stiffness matrix is deduced by incremental virtual work in updated Lagrangian(UL)formulation.Numerical examples demonstrate that the presented model well describes the geometrically nonlinear property of spatial thin-walled beams.展开更多
Tendon-driven continuum robots achieve continuous deformations through the contraction of tendons embedded inside the robotic arms.For some continuum robots,the constant curvature assumption-based kinematic modeling c...Tendon-driven continuum robots achieve continuous deformations through the contraction of tendons embedded inside the robotic arms.For some continuum robots,the constant curvature assumption-based kinematic modeling can be accurate and effective.While for other cases,such as soft robots or robot-environment interactions,the constant curvature assumption can be inaccurate.To model the complex deformation of continuum robots,the geometrically exact beam theory(may also be called the Cosserat rod theory)has been used to develop computational mechanics models.Different from previous computational models that used finite difference schemes for the spatial discretization,here we develop a three-dimensional geometrically exact beam theory-based finite element model for tendon-driven continuum robots.Several numerical examples are presented to show the accuracy,efficiency,and applicability of our new computational model for tendon-driven continuum robots.展开更多
A geometrically exact Kirchhoff beam formulation(GEKBF)established on the Lie group SO(3)for simulating the dynamics of a slender beam is proposed.The kinematic description,dynamic equilibrium equations and their line...A geometrically exact Kirchhoff beam formulation(GEKBF)established on the Lie group SO(3)for simulating the dynamics of a slender beam is proposed.The kinematic description,dynamic equilibrium equations and their linearization are derived in this framework.Then,a second-order interpolation function for the torsion angle is introduced to improve the convergence of the element.Next,the rotation vector parameterization is developed to reduce the geometric nonlinearity caused by the rotation of the rigid body.In addition,the influence of the reference frame is considered,and the derivation of the elastic force and Jacobian matrix is simplified using the spatial-parallel transport.The semi-discrete equations of motion are in the form of a second-order ordinary differential equation on Lie group,which are solved using the Lie group generalizedα-method.Finally,the accuracy of the proposed formulation is verified using several numerical examples.展开更多
The fatigue damage model based on theory of damage mechanics is capable of predicting the fatigue life under multiaxial loading.Meanwhile,the application of critical plane method in the prediction of multiaxial fatigu...The fatigue damage model based on theory of damage mechanics is capable of predicting the fatigue life under multiaxial loading.Meanwhile,the application of critical plane method in the prediction of multiaxial fatigue life has made certain progress.According to the law of thermodynamics,a new damage evolution equation is developed in the present study to predict the fatigue life of geometrically discontinuous structure under tension-torsion loading based on damage mechanics and the critical plane method.The essence of this approach is tha t the st rain parame ter of the uniaxial nonlinear fatigue damage model is replaced with the equivalent strain,which consists of the releva nt parame ters of the critical plane.However,it is difficult to calculate the stress-strain status and the critical plane position of geometrically dis?continuous structure by theoretical methods because of the existence of stress concentration and the multiaxial nonproportional characteristics.Therefore,a new numerical simulation method is proposed to determine the critical plane of geometrically discontinuous structure under multiaxial loading by means of the finite element method and MATLAB software.The fatigue life of notched specimens subjected to combined bending and torsion is predicted using the proposed met hod,and the result is compared with t hose from the experimen ts and the Manson-Cfiffin law.The comparisons show that the proposed method is superior to the Manson-Coffin law and is capable of reproducing the experimental results reasonably when the geometry of the structure is complex.It completely meets the needs of engineering practice.展开更多
Modeling of pre-twisted composite rotor blades is very complicated not only because of the geometric non-linearity, but also because of the cross-sectional warping and the transverse shear deformation caused by the an...Modeling of pre-twisted composite rotor blades is very complicated not only because of the geometric non-linearity, but also because of the cross-sectional warping and the transverse shear deformation caused by the anisotropic material properties. In this paper, the geometrically exact nonlinear modeling of a generalized Timoshenko beam with arbitrary cross-sectional shape,generally anisotropic material behavior and large deflections has been presented based on Hodges' method. The concept of decomposition of rotation tensor was used to express the strain in the beam. The variational asymptotic method was used to determine the arbitrary warping of the beam cross section. The generalized Timoshenko strain energy was derived from the equilibrium equations and the second-order asymptotically correct strain energy. The geometrically exact nonlinear equations of motion were established by Hamilton's principle. The established modeling was used for the static and dynamic analysis of pre-twisted composite rotor blades, and the analytical results were validated based on experimental data. The influences of the transverse shear deformation on the pre-twisted composite rotor blade were investigated. The results indicate that the influences of the transverse shear deformation on the static deformation and the natural frequencies of the pre-twisted composite rotor blade are related to the length to chord ratio of the blade.展开更多
In situ tensile testing in a scanning electron microscope(SEM)in conjunction with high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction(HR-EBSD)under load was used to characterize the evolution of geometrically necessary d...In situ tensile testing in a scanning electron microscope(SEM)in conjunction with high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction(HR-EBSD)under load was used to characterize the evolution of geometrically necessary dislocation(GND)densities at individual grain boundaries as a function of applied strain in a polycrystalline Mg-4Al alloy.The increase in GND density was investigated at plastic strains of 0%,0.6%,2.2%,3.3% from the area including 76 grains and correlated with(i)geometric compatibility between slip systems across grain boundaries,and(ii)plastic incompatibility.We develop expressions for the grain boundary GND density evolution as a function of plastic strain and plastic incompatibility,from which uniaxial tensile stress-strain response of polycrystalline Mg-4Al are computed and compared with experimental measurement.The findings in this study contribute to understanding the mechanisms governing the strain hardening response of single-phase polycrystalline alloys and more reliable prediction of mechanical behaviors in diverse microstructures.展开更多
The co-rotational finite element formulation is an attractive technique extending the capabilities of an existing high performing linear element to geometrically nonlinear analysis.This paper presents a modified co-ro...The co-rotational finite element formulation is an attractive technique extending the capabilities of an existing high performing linear element to geometrically nonlinear analysis.This paper presents a modified co-rotational framework,unified for beam,shell,and brick elements.A unified zero-spin criterion is proposed to specify the local element frame,whose origin is always located at the centroid.Utilizing this criterion,a spin matrix is introduced,and the local frame is invariant to the element nodal ordering.Additionally,the projector matrix is redefined in a more intuitive way,which is the derivative of local co-rotational element frame with respect to the global one.Furthermore,the nodal rotation is obtained with pseudo vector and instantaneous rotation,under a high-order accurate transformation.The resulting formulations are achieved in unified expression and thus a series of linear elements can be embedded into the framework.Several examples are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed framework for large displacement analysis.展开更多
Based upon a generalized variational principle, which relaxed the inter element continuity requirements, a novel refined hybrid Mindlin plate element is developed, its non linear element stiffness matrices are decompo...Based upon a generalized variational principle, which relaxed the inter element continuity requirements, a novel refined hybrid Mindlin plate element is developed, its non linear element stiffness matrices are decomposed into a series of matrices with respect to the assumed strain modes. The formulation presented in this paper is different from any other non linear mixed/hybrid element formulation all successful experience of linear hybrid formulation is absorbed into the formulation(adding non conforming modes and realizing orthogonalization) Numerical results show that the present approach is more effective than any other non linear hybrid element formulation over the accuracy and computational efficiency. In addition, non conforming modes can also overcome the shear locking effect.展开更多
Due to the novel applications of flexible pipes conveying fluid in the field of soft robotics and biomedicine,the investigations on the mechanical responses of the pipes have attracted considerable attention.The fluid...Due to the novel applications of flexible pipes conveying fluid in the field of soft robotics and biomedicine,the investigations on the mechanical responses of the pipes have attracted considerable attention.The fluid-structure interaction(FSI)between the pipe with a curved shape and the time-varying internal fluid flow brings a great challenge to the revelation of the dynamical behaviors of flexible pipes,especially when the pipe is highly flexible and usually undergoes large deformations.In this work,the geometrically exact model(GEM)for a curved cantilevered pipe conveying pulsating fluid is developed based on the extended Hamilton's principle.The stability of the curved pipe with three different subtended angles is examined with the consideration of steady fluid flow.Specific attention is concentrated on the large-deformation resonance of circular pipes conveying pulsating fluid,which is often encountered in practical engineering.By constructing bifurcation diagrams,oscillating shapes,phase portraits,time traces,and Poincarémaps,the dynamic responses of the curved pipe under various system parameters are revealed.The mean flow velocity of the pulsating fluid is chosen to be either subcritical or supercritical.The numerical results show that the curved pipe conveying pulsating fluid can exhibit rich dynamical behaviors,including periodic and quasi-periodic motions.It is also found that the preferred instability type of a cantilevered curved pipe conveying steady fluid is mainly in the flutter of the second mode.For a moderate value of the mass ratio,however,a third-mode flutter may occur,which is quite different from that of a straight pipe system.展开更多
Nonlinear formulations of the meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method are presented for geometrically nonlinear problems. The method requires no mesh in computation and therefore avoids mesh distortion difficul...Nonlinear formulations of the meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method are presented for geometrically nonlinear problems. The method requires no mesh in computation and therefore avoids mesh distortion difficulties in the large deformation analysis. The essential boundary conditions in the present formulation axe imposed by a penalty method. An incremental and iterative solution procedure is used to solve geometrically nonlinear problems. Several examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in geometrically nonlinear problems analysis. Numerical results show that the MLPG method is an effective one and that the values of the unknown variable are quite accurate.展开更多
A linear 4-node quadrilateral quasi-conforming plane element with internal parameters is proposed. The element preserves advantages of the quasi-conforming technique, including an explicit stiffness matrix, which can ...A linear 4-node quadrilateral quasi-conforming plane element with internal parameters is proposed. The element preserves advantages of the quasi-conforming technique, including an explicit stiffness matrix, which can be applied to nonlinear problems. The weak patch test guarantees the convergence of the element. Then the linear element is extended to the geometri- cally nonlinear analysis in the framework of Total Lagrangian (TL) formulation. The numerical tests indicate that the present element is accurate and insensitive to mesh distortion.展开更多
This article is concerned with finite element implementations of the three- dimensional geometrically exact rod. The special attention is paid to identifying the con- dition that ensures the frame invariance of the re...This article is concerned with finite element implementations of the three- dimensional geometrically exact rod. The special attention is paid to identifying the con- dition that ensures the frame invariance of the resulting discrete approximations. From the perspective of symmetry, this requirement is equivalent to the commutativity of the employed interpolation operator I with the action of the special Euclidean group SE(3), or I is SE(3)-equivariant. This geometric criterion helps to clarify several subtle issues about the interpolation of finite rotation. It leads us to reexamine the finite element for- mulation first proposed by Simo in his work on energy-momentum conserving algorithms. That formulation is often mistakenly regarded as non-objective. However, we show that the obtained approximation is invariant under the superposed rigid body motions, and as a corollary, the objectivity of the continuum model is preserved. The key of this proof comes from the observation that since the numerical quadrature is used to compute the integrals, by storing the rotation field and its derivative at the Gauss points, the equiv- ariant conditions can be relaxed only at these points. Several numerical examples are presented to confirm the theoretical results and demonstrate the performance of this al- gorithm.展开更多
A geometrically nonlinear topology optimization method for continuum structures is proposed based on the independent continuous mapping method.The stress constraint problem is studied due to the importance of structur...A geometrically nonlinear topology optimization method for continuum structures is proposed based on the independent continuous mapping method.The stress constraint problem is studied due to the importance of structural strength in engineering applications.First,a topology optimization model is established for a lightweight structure with element stress as constraints.Second,the stress globalization method is adopted to convert local stress constraints into strain energy constraints,which overcomes the difficulties caused by local stress constraints,such as model establishment,sensitivity analysis,and massive solution calculations.Third,the sensitivity of the objective function and constraint function is analyzed,and the method of moving asymptotes is employed to solve the optimization model.In addition,the additive hyperelasticity technique is utilized to solve the numerical instability induced by structures undergoing large deformation.Numerical examples are given to validate the feasibility of the proposed method.The method provides a significant reference for geometrically nonlinear optimization design.展开更多
A geometrically nonlinear topology optimization(GNTO)method with thermal–mechanical coupling is investigated.Firstly,the new expression of element coupling stress due to superimposed mechanical and thermal loading is...A geometrically nonlinear topology optimization(GNTO)method with thermal–mechanical coupling is investigated.Firstly,the new expression of element coupling stress due to superimposed mechanical and thermal loading is obtained based on the geometrically nonlinear finite element analysis.The lightweight topology optimization(TO)model under stress constraints is established to satisfy the strength requirement.Secondly,the distortion energy theory is introduced to transform themodel into structural strain energy constraints in order to solve the implicit relationship between stress constraints and design variables.Thirdly,the sensitivity analysis of the optimization model is derived,and the model is solved by the method of moving asymptotes(MMA).Numerical examples show that temperature has a significant effect on the optimal configuration,and the TO method considering temperature load is closer to engineering design requirements.The proposed method can be extended to the GNTO design with multiple physical field coupling.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12472194,12002018,11972004,11772031,11402015).
摘要In this work,the Hierarchical Quadrature Element Method(HQEM)formulation of geometrically exact shells is proposed and applied for geometrically nonlinear analyses of both isotropic and laminated shells.The stress resultant formulation is developed within the HQEM framework,consequently significantly simplifying the computations of residual force and stiffness matrix.The present formulation inherently avoids shear and membrane locking,benefiting from its high-order approximation property.Furthermore,HQEM’s independent nodal distribution capability conveniently supports local p-refinement and flexibly facilitates mesh generation in various structural configurations through the combination of quadrilateral and triangular elements.Remarkably,in lateral buckling analysis,the HQEM outperforms the weak-form quadrilateral element(QEM)in accuracy with identical nodal degrees of freedom(three displacements and two rotations).Under high-load nonlinear response,the QEM exhibits a maximum relative deviation of approximately 9.5%from the reference,while the HQEM remains closely aligned with the benchmark results.In addition,for the cantilever beam under tip moment,HQEM produces virtually no out-of-plane deviation,compared to a slight deviation of 0.00001 with QEM,confirming its superior numerical reliability.In summary,the method demonstrates high accuracy,superior convergence,and robustness in handling large rotations and complex post-buckling behaviors across a series of benchmark problems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52404014)Petro China Tarim Oilfield Companyresearch project(Grant No.671023115016)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong(Grant No.ZR2025QC495).
摘要In ultra-deep well operations,severe lateral vibration of drill string is a major factorin tool failure and decreased drilling efficiency.To investigate the vibration mechanisms and identify effective mitigation approaches,a dynamic model for lateral vibration in ultra-deep well drill strings was established using Cosserat geometrically exact beam theory.The model systematically examined the effects of rotational speed,WoB,andstabilizer position andsize on the vibration behavior.Key findings were validated against downhole measurement data from ultra-deep wells.Additionally,two control strategies leveraging modal competition and transverse wave disturbance were proposed.Results indicate that the bottom hole assembly(BHA)is particularly prone tointense lateral vibrations,with its vibrational modes governed by rotational speedand WOB.When the WOB isbelow the critical bucklingload,increasing either the rotational speed or WOBpromotes backward whirling of the BHA,thereby intensifying the vibration severity and bending stress.Conversely,when theWOB exceeds the critical buckling load,the system transitions into a buckling-whirling competition mode,resulting in a significant reduction in the vibration intensityand bending stress.This trend was reasonably verified through field data.Artificially inducingthis low-risk modal competition by adjusting theWOB and rotational speed can effectively reduce the probabilityof drill stringfailure.The motion of stabilizers shifts from forward whirling to backward whirling as the diameter decreases,which considerably alters the vibration-propagation patterns.The vibration-damping effects of both full-gauge and under-gauge stabilizers initially increase and then decrease as their installation position moves upward.Undergauge stabilizers exhibit less consistent behavior under non-severe vibration conditions;nevertheless,they can suppress severe whirling by interfering with adjacent drill string vibrations through lowfrequency transverse waves.They also demonstrate lower sensitivity to the installation position and enhance drill string safety through stress dispersion.Considering comprehensive vibration suppression,drill string integrity,and engineering applicability,installing under-gauge stabilizers can be a viable BHA optimization measure with significant practical value.This study provides a theoretical basis for vibration control in ultra-deep well drill strings,and the proposedstrategy offers valuable insights for improvingdrilling efficiency and ensuring operational safety.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12472068 and 52494933)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.104972024KFYjc0050 and 104972024KFYjc0062)。
摘要Elucidating the relationship between geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)and back stress is essential for modeling the strain hardening behavior of polycrystalline materials.This study employs dislocation dynamics simulations to quantitatively assess the impact of GND distributions on the associated back stress at the mesoscale.In a simple cubic lattice,the stress fields generated by elementary GND boundaries,including variations in boundary sizes,dislocation types,and distribution patterns,are systematically analyzed.By taking into account the fluctuation of surface GND density,the calculation of back stress is established using the elasticity theory of dislocations combined with scaling functions.It has been demonstrated that the surface GND density is a critical parameter that controls the amplitude of back stress.Subsequently,the prediction of back stress in face-centered cubic crystalline grains is validated with more realistic GND distributions.Considering identical initial Frank-Read sources,dislocation pile-ups are predominantly formed in coarse grains,yet the resulting surface GND density remains comparable to that observed in smaller grains.This phenomenon is responsible for the similar back stress values in grains of varying sizes.Finally,the activation of cross-slip inhibits the formation of dislocation pile-ups,leading to a linear decrease in back stress with increasing plastic strain.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12272038).
摘要Based on the special Euclidean group SE(3),a geometrically exact shell element is proposed for the analysis of structures undergoing large deformation and finite rotation.First,a unified description of the nodal variables is established within the SE(3)framework,which accurately captures the coupling effect of translation and rotation.However,conventional interpolation schemes on the non-commutative manifold are path-dependent and fail to maintain physical objectivity,which often leads to spurious strain energy.By combining implicit iterative interpolation and explicit relative configuration interpolation,a precision-reserved interpolation scheme is proposed.By applying the logarithmic mapping on the SE(3)manifold,nodal configuration increments are transformed into the left tangent space of the same reference point,eliminating path dependency.Subsequently,the Lagrange interpolation is applied to both the translational and rotational increments in this tangent space,ensuring their C continuity.Finally,the explicit expressions for the discrete deformation gradients and strains are derived based on the variational principles.Furthermore,the permutation tensor is utilized to handle the variation and linearization of the involved nonlinear mappings.It results in the explicit expression for the geometric stiffness matrix and thus reduces the updating operation of the Jacobian matrix during iterations.Four numerical examples are presented to verify the property of the element in resisting shear locking and its accuracy in handling geometric nonlinear problems of thin-walled or thick-walled structures.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51478130)the Guangzhou Municipal Education Bureau’s Scientific Research Project, China (2024312217)+1 种基金the China Scholarship Council (201808440070)the 111 Project of China (D21021).
摘要This paper presents an improved level set method for topology optimization of geometrically nonlinear structures accounting for the effect of thermo-mechanical couplings.It derives a new expression for element coupling stress resulting from the combination of mechanical and thermal loading,using geometric nonlinear finite element analysis.A topological model is then developed to minimize compliance while meeting displacement and frequency constraints to fulfill design requirements of structural members.Since the conventional Lagrange multiplier search method is unable to handle convergence instability arising from large deformation,a novel Lagrange multiplier search method is proposed.Additionally,the proposed method can be extended to multi-constrained geometrically nonlinear topology optimization,accommodating multiple physical field couplings.
摘要Nanoindentation and high resolution electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD) were combined to examine the elastic modulus and hardness of α and β phases,anisotropy in residual elastic stress strain fields and distributions of geometrically necessary dislocation(GND) density around the indentations within TA15 titanium alloy.The nano-indention tests were conducted on α and β phases,respectively.The residual stress strain fields surrounding the indentation were calculated through crosscorrelation method from recorded patterns.The GND density distribution around the indentation was calculated based on the strain gradient theories to reveal the micro-mechanism of plastic deformation.The results indicate that the elastic modulus and hardness for α p hase are 129.05 GPas and 6.44 GPa,while for β phase,their values are 109.80 GPa and 4.29 GPa,respectively.The residual Mises stress distribution around the indentation is relatively heterogeneous and significantly influenced by neighboring soft β phase.The region with low residual stress around the indentation is accompanied with markedly high a type and prismatic-GND density.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.50725826).
摘要Based on the theory of Timoshenko and thin-walled beams,a new finite element model of spatial thin-walled beams with general open cross sections is presented in the paper,in which several factors are included such as lateral shear deformation,warp generated by nonuni-form torsion and second-order shear stress,coupling of flexure and torsion,and large displacement with small strain.With an additional internal node in the element,the element stiffness matrix is deduced by incremental virtual work in updated Lagrangian(UL)formulation.Numerical examples demonstrate that the presented model well describes the geometrically nonlinear property of spatial thin-walled beams.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC Grant No.12072143).J.L.acknowledges the funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC Grant No.12172160).C.C.acknowledges the financial support from the U.S.National Science Foundation(ECCS-2024649).
摘要Tendon-driven continuum robots achieve continuous deformations through the contraction of tendons embedded inside the robotic arms.For some continuum robots,the constant curvature assumption-based kinematic modeling can be accurate and effective.While for other cases,such as soft robots or robot-environment interactions,the constant curvature assumption can be inaccurate.To model the complex deformation of continuum robots,the geometrically exact beam theory(may also be called the Cosserat rod theory)has been used to develop computational mechanics models.Different from previous computational models that used finite difference schemes for the spatial discretization,here we develop a three-dimensional geometrically exact beam theory-based finite element model for tendon-driven continuum robots.Several numerical examples are presented to show the accuracy,efficiency,and applicability of our new computational model for tendon-driven continuum robots.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12102033,12072026,and 11832005).
摘要A geometrically exact Kirchhoff beam formulation(GEKBF)established on the Lie group SO(3)for simulating the dynamics of a slender beam is proposed.The kinematic description,dynamic equilibrium equations and their linearization are derived in this framework.Then,a second-order interpolation function for the torsion angle is introduced to improve the convergence of the element.Next,the rotation vector parameterization is developed to reduce the geometric nonlinearity caused by the rotation of the rigid body.In addition,the influence of the reference frame is considered,and the derivation of the elastic force and Jacobian matrix is simplified using the spatial-parallel transport.The semi-discrete equations of motion are in the form of a second-order ordinary differential equation on Lie group,which are solved using the Lie group generalizedα-method.Finally,the accuracy of the proposed formulation is verified using several numerical examples.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51605212)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(Grant No.17JR5RA122)the Project of Hongliu First-class Disciplines Development Program of Lanzhou University of Technology.
摘要The fatigue damage model based on theory of damage mechanics is capable of predicting the fatigue life under multiaxial loading.Meanwhile,the application of critical plane method in the prediction of multiaxial fatigue life has made certain progress.According to the law of thermodynamics,a new damage evolution equation is developed in the present study to predict the fatigue life of geometrically discontinuous structure under tension-torsion loading based on damage mechanics and the critical plane method.The essence of this approach is tha t the st rain parame ter of the uniaxial nonlinear fatigue damage model is replaced with the equivalent strain,which consists of the releva nt parame ters of the critical plane.However,it is difficult to calculate the stress-strain status and the critical plane position of geometrically dis?continuous structure by theoretical methods because of the existence of stress concentration and the multiaxial nonproportional characteristics.Therefore,a new numerical simulation method is proposed to determine the critical plane of geometrically discontinuous structure under multiaxial loading by means of the finite element method and MATLAB software.The fatigue life of notched specimens subjected to combined bending and torsion is predicted using the proposed met hod,and the result is compared with t hose from the experimen ts and the Manson-Cfiffin law.The comparisons show that the proposed method is superior to the Manson-Coffin law and is capable of reproducing the experimental results reasonably when the geometry of the structure is complex.It completely meets the needs of engineering practice.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11572150)
摘要Modeling of pre-twisted composite rotor blades is very complicated not only because of the geometric non-linearity, but also because of the cross-sectional warping and the transverse shear deformation caused by the anisotropic material properties. In this paper, the geometrically exact nonlinear modeling of a generalized Timoshenko beam with arbitrary cross-sectional shape,generally anisotropic material behavior and large deflections has been presented based on Hodges' method. The concept of decomposition of rotation tensor was used to express the strain in the beam. The variational asymptotic method was used to determine the arbitrary warping of the beam cross section. The generalized Timoshenko strain energy was derived from the equilibrium equations and the second-order asymptotically correct strain energy. The geometrically exact nonlinear equations of motion were established by Hamilton's principle. The established modeling was used for the static and dynamic analysis of pre-twisted composite rotor blades, and the analytical results were validated based on experimental data. The influences of the transverse shear deformation on the pre-twisted composite rotor blade were investigated. The results indicate that the influences of the transverse shear deformation on the static deformation and the natural frequencies of the pre-twisted composite rotor blade are related to the length to chord ratio of the blade.
基金supported by the U.S.Department of Energy,Office of Basic Energy Sciences,Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Award#DE-SC0008637 as part of the Center for PRedictive Integrated Materials Science(PRISMS Center)at the University of Michigan。
摘要In situ tensile testing in a scanning electron microscope(SEM)in conjunction with high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction(HR-EBSD)under load was used to characterize the evolution of geometrically necessary dislocation(GND)densities at individual grain boundaries as a function of applied strain in a polycrystalline Mg-4Al alloy.The increase in GND density was investigated at plastic strains of 0%,0.6%,2.2%,3.3% from the area including 76 grains and correlated with(i)geometric compatibility between slip systems across grain boundaries,and(ii)plastic incompatibility.We develop expressions for the grain boundary GND density evolution as a function of plastic strain and plastic incompatibility,from which uniaxial tensile stress-strain response of polycrystalline Mg-4Al are computed and compared with experimental measurement.The findings in this study contribute to understanding the mechanisms governing the strain hardening response of single-phase polycrystalline alloys and more reliable prediction of mechanical behaviors in diverse microstructures.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11972297 and 11972300)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.G2019KY05203).
摘要The co-rotational finite element formulation is an attractive technique extending the capabilities of an existing high performing linear element to geometrically nonlinear analysis.This paper presents a modified co-rotational framework,unified for beam,shell,and brick elements.A unified zero-spin criterion is proposed to specify the local element frame,whose origin is always located at the centroid.Utilizing this criterion,a spin matrix is introduced,and the local frame is invariant to the element nodal ordering.Additionally,the projector matrix is redefined in a more intuitive way,which is the derivative of local co-rotational element frame with respect to the global one.Furthermore,the nodal rotation is obtained with pseudo vector and instantaneous rotation,under a high-order accurate transformation.The resulting formulations are achieved in unified expression and thus a series of linear elements can be embedded into the framework.Several examples are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed framework for large displacement analysis.
摘要Based upon a generalized variational principle, which relaxed the inter element continuity requirements, a novel refined hybrid Mindlin plate element is developed, its non linear element stiffness matrices are decomposed into a series of matrices with respect to the assumed strain modes. The formulation presented in this paper is different from any other non linear mixed/hybrid element formulation all successful experience of linear hybrid formulation is absorbed into the formulation(adding non conforming modes and realizing orthogonalization) Numerical results show that the present approach is more effective than any other non linear hybrid element formulation over the accuracy and computational efficiency. In addition, non conforming modes can also overcome the shear locking effect.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.12072119,12325201,and 52205594)the China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (No.BX20220118)。
摘要Due to the novel applications of flexible pipes conveying fluid in the field of soft robotics and biomedicine,the investigations on the mechanical responses of the pipes have attracted considerable attention.The fluid-structure interaction(FSI)between the pipe with a curved shape and the time-varying internal fluid flow brings a great challenge to the revelation of the dynamical behaviors of flexible pipes,especially when the pipe is highly flexible and usually undergoes large deformations.In this work,the geometrically exact model(GEM)for a curved cantilevered pipe conveying pulsating fluid is developed based on the extended Hamilton's principle.The stability of the curved pipe with three different subtended angles is examined with the consideration of steady fluid flow.Specific attention is concentrated on the large-deformation resonance of circular pipes conveying pulsating fluid,which is often encountered in practical engineering.By constructing bifurcation diagrams,oscillating shapes,phase portraits,time traces,and Poincarémaps,the dynamic responses of the curved pipe under various system parameters are revealed.The mean flow velocity of the pulsating fluid is chosen to be either subcritical or supercritical.The numerical results show that the curved pipe conveying pulsating fluid can exhibit rich dynamical behaviors,including periodic and quasi-periodic motions.It is also found that the preferred instability type of a cantilevered curved pipe conveying steady fluid is mainly in the flutter of the second mode.For a moderate value of the mass ratio,however,a third-mode flutter may occur,which is quite different from that of a straight pipe system.
基金Project supported by the National 973 Program (No.2004CB719402), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10372030)the Open Research Projects supported by the Project Fund of the Hubei Province Key Lab of Mechanical Transmission & Manufacturing Engineering Wuhan University of Science & Technology (No.2003A16).
摘要Nonlinear formulations of the meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method are presented for geometrically nonlinear problems. The method requires no mesh in computation and therefore avoids mesh distortion difficulties in the large deformation analysis. The essential boundary conditions in the present formulation axe imposed by a penalty method. An incremental and iterative solution procedure is used to solve geometrically nonlinear problems. Several examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in geometrically nonlinear problems analysis. Numerical results show that the MLPG method is an effective one and that the values of the unknown variable are quite accurate.
基金Project supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT14RC(3)092)the Key Project of the NSFC(Nos.11272075 and 11472071)+1 种基金the‘863’Project of China(No.2009AA04Z101)the‘973’National Basic Research Project of China(No.2010CB832700)
摘要A linear 4-node quadrilateral quasi-conforming plane element with internal parameters is proposed. The element preserves advantages of the quasi-conforming technique, including an explicit stiffness matrix, which can be applied to nonlinear problems. The weak patch test guarantees the convergence of the element. Then the linear element is extended to the geometri- cally nonlinear analysis in the framework of Total Lagrangian (TL) formulation. The numerical tests indicate that the present element is accurate and insensitive to mesh distortion.
摘要This article is concerned with finite element implementations of the three- dimensional geometrically exact rod. The special attention is paid to identifying the con- dition that ensures the frame invariance of the resulting discrete approximations. From the perspective of symmetry, this requirement is equivalent to the commutativity of the employed interpolation operator I with the action of the special Euclidean group SE(3), or I is SE(3)-equivariant. This geometric criterion helps to clarify several subtle issues about the interpolation of finite rotation. It leads us to reexamine the finite element for- mulation first proposed by Simo in his work on energy-momentum conserving algorithms. That formulation is often mistakenly regarded as non-objective. However, we show that the obtained approximation is invariant under the superposed rigid body motions, and as a corollary, the objectivity of the continuum model is preserved. The key of this proof comes from the observation that since the numerical quadrature is used to compute the integrals, by storing the rotation field and its derivative at the Gauss points, the equiv- ariant conditions can be relaxed only at these points. Several numerical examples are presented to confirm the theoretical results and demonstrate the performance of this al- gorithm.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11872080)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(3192005)。
摘要A geometrically nonlinear topology optimization method for continuum structures is proposed based on the independent continuous mapping method.The stress constraint problem is studied due to the importance of structural strength in engineering applications.First,a topology optimization model is established for a lightweight structure with element stress as constraints.Second,the stress globalization method is adopted to convert local stress constraints into strain energy constraints,which overcomes the difficulties caused by local stress constraints,such as model establishment,sensitivity analysis,and massive solution calculations.Third,the sensitivity of the objective function and constraint function is analyzed,and the method of moving asymptotes is employed to solve the optimization model.In addition,the additive hyperelasticity technique is utilized to solve the numerical instability induced by structures undergoing large deformation.Numerical examples are given to validate the feasibility of the proposed method.The method provides a significant reference for geometrically nonlinear optimization design.
基金provided by the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(Grant No.11872080)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.3192005).
摘要A geometrically nonlinear topology optimization(GNTO)method with thermal–mechanical coupling is investigated.Firstly,the new expression of element coupling stress due to superimposed mechanical and thermal loading is obtained based on the geometrically nonlinear finite element analysis.The lightweight topology optimization(TO)model under stress constraints is established to satisfy the strength requirement.Secondly,the distortion energy theory is introduced to transform themodel into structural strain energy constraints in order to solve the implicit relationship between stress constraints and design variables.Thirdly,the sensitivity analysis of the optimization model is derived,and the model is solved by the method of moving asymptotes(MMA).Numerical examples show that temperature has a significant effect on the optimal configuration,and the TO method considering temperature load is closer to engineering design requirements.The proposed method can be extended to the GNTO design with multiple physical field coupling.