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The right is more conservative than the left:a postnatal hypothesis of handedness based on mice 认领 引用
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作者 Qingqing Wang Jiesi Wang +2 位作者 Yan Wang Xin Jin Zhongsheng Sun 《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期197-208,共12页
Handedness is a fundamental behavioral trait in humans,with the majority exhibiting right-hand dominance.While its origins remain elusive,it is considered an innate genetic trait.This study demonstrates pawedness in m... Handedness is a fundamental behavioral trait in humans,with the majority exhibiting right-hand dominance.While its origins remain elusive,it is considered an innate genetic trait.This study demonstrates pawedness in mice(n=473),comparable to human handedness,as an acquired trait rapidly emerging after limited unilateral paw training.Notably,acquired right-pawedness demonstrates greater conservativeness compared to left-pawedness,as evidenced by stronger stability and greater resistance to reversal.This results in a population right-paw dominance under random training conditions.Moreover,acquired pawedness also exhibits sex differences,with the initial preference proving more malleable in females.These findings unveil the acquired features of pawedness in mice.By illuminating possible behavioral laterality commonalities across species,the study proposes a postnatal hypothesis for the origins of human handedness:it is not an innate genetic trait as traditionally believed,but rather an environmentally acquired stable behavior whose development is actively guided by genetic predispositions. 展开更多
关键词 Handedness Paw preference Unilateral paw training Right-paw dominance Postnatal hypothesis
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Depletion of microglial compensation in glial network:Disease-associated response dynamics in the revised amyloid hypothesis 认领 引用
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作者 Songtao Lei Zixuan Huang +1 位作者 Wen Wang Yan Meng 《Neuroprotection》 2026年第2期131-142,共12页
Microglia mount coordinated,stage-dependent compensatory programs in response to early amyloidβ(Aβ)accumulation that preserve proteostasis and neuronal integrity during preclinical Alzheimer's disease.We propose... Microglia mount coordinated,stage-dependent compensatory programs in response to early amyloidβ(Aβ)accumulation that preserve proteostasis and neuronal integrity during preclinical Alzheimer's disease.We propose the“microglial compensation-depletion”framework that describes a distributed compensatory network whose failure constitutes a mechanistic tipping point.Once compensatory capacity falls below a critical threshold,positive-feedback loops amplify irreversible pathology,eventually leading to cognitive decline.Integrating single-cell transcriptomics,chromatin accessibility,and genetic evidence from human cohorts and animal models,we synthesize evidence for stage-dependent microglial transitions and for glial interactions that shape resilience or vulnerability.The microglial compensation-depletion framework in the revised amyloid hypothesis is a multiscale,dynamical perspective and highlights potential strategies for modeling and clinical intervention.Intercellular ligand–receptor networks may provide quantitative substrates for defining glialstate patterns and even identifying key communication axes that delineate transitions.For example,microglial triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)–apolipoprotein E(APOE)signaling exemplifies an intercellular axis that modulates microglial phenotype and Aβhandling.Clinically,in vivo imaging and biofluid biomarkers may offer potential means to track glial functional reserve and to detect approaching tipping points. 展开更多
关键词 Alzheimer's disease amyloid hypothesis microglia astrocyte oligodendrocyte
Baidu News and the return volatility of Chinese commodity futures:evidence for the sequential information arrival hypothesis 认领 引用
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作者 Ruwei Zhao Xiong Xiong +2 位作者 Junjun Ma Yuzhao Zhang Yongjie Zhang 《Financial Innovation》 2025年第1期2279-2302,共24页
This study uses Baidu News data and introduces a novel proxy for the rate of information flow to examine its relationship with return volatility in Chinese commodity futures and to test two competing hypotheses.We exa... This study uses Baidu News data and introduces a novel proxy for the rate of information flow to examine its relationship with return volatility in Chinese commodity futures and to test two competing hypotheses.We examine the contemporaneous relationships using correlation coefficient analysis,and find apparent differences between the information flow-return volatility relationship and the information flowtrading volume relationship.The empirical evidence contradicts the mixture of distribution hypothesis(MDH)and suggests that the rate of information flow distinctly affects trading volume and volatility.We conducted linear and nonlinear Granger causality tests to explore the sequential information arrival hypothesis(SIAH).The empirical results prove that a lead-lag linear and nonlinear causality exists between the information flow and return volatility of commodity futures,which is consistent with SIAH.In other words,a partial equilibrium exists before reaching the ultimate equilibrium when the new information arrives in the market.Finally,these findings are robust to alternative measurement of return volatility and subperiod analysis.Our findings reject the MDH and support the SIAH in the context of Chinese commodity futures. 展开更多
关键词 Baidu News Chinese commodity futures Return volatility Sequential information arrival hypothesis Mixture of distribution hypothesis
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The dilatancy-diffusion hypothesis,earthquake prediction,and operational earthquake forecasting:In memory of Professor Amos Nur on the 50th Anniversary of the 1975 Haicheng Earthquake 认领 引用
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作者 Lanbo Liu 《Earthquake Science》 CAS CSCD 2025年第5期465-484,共20页
Dilatancy is referred to the phenomenon of volume increase that occurs when a material is deformed.Dilatancy theory originated in geomechanics for the study of the behavior of granular materials.Later it is expanded t... Dilatancy is referred to the phenomenon of volume increase that occurs when a material is deformed.Dilatancy theory originated in geomechanics for the study of the behavior of granular materials.Later it is expanded to the case of more brittle materials like rocks when it is subjected to the load of varying effective stress and starts to crack and deform,then named the dilatancy-diffusion hypothesis.This hypothesis was developed to explain the changes in rock volume and pore pressure that occur prior to and during fault slip,which can influence earthquake dynamics.Dilatancy-fluid diffusion is a significant concept in understanding the seismogenic process and has served as the major theoretical pillar for earthquake prediction by its classic definition.This paper starts with the recount of fundamental laboratory experiments on granular materials and rocks,then conducts review and examination of the history for using the dilatancy-diffusion hypothesis to interpret the‘prediction’of the 1975 Haicheng Earthquake and other events.The Haicheng Earthquake is the first significant event to be interpreted with the dilatancy-diffusion hypothesis in the world.As one pivotal figure in the development of the dilatancy-diffusion hypothesis for earthquake prediction Professor Amos Nur of Stanford University worked tirelessly to attract societal attention to this important scientific and humanistic issue.As a deterministic physical model the dilatancy-diffusion hypothesis intrinsically bears the deficit to interpret the stochastic seismogenic process.With the emergence of deep learning and its successful applications to many science and technology fields,we may see a possibility to overcome the shortcoming of the current state of the theory with the addition of empirical statistics to push the operational earthquake forecasting approach with the addition of the physicallyinformed neural networks which adopt the dilatancy-diffusion hypothesis as one of its embedded physical relations,to uplift the seismic risk reduction to a new level for saving lives and reducing the losses. 展开更多
关键词 dilatancy-diffusion hypothesis Amos Nur Haicheng Earthquake earthquake prediction operational earthquake forecasting(OEF) physically-informed neural networks(PINNs)
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Analysis of the practical applicability of the generalized wave impedance hypothesis in split Hopkinson pressure bar tests 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Yiding Wu Wencheng Lu +4 位作者 Xuan Zhou Minghui Ma Yilei Yu Lizhi Xu Guangfa Gao 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第10期96-114,共19页
This paper explores the applicability of the generalized wave impedance hypothesis in split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)experiments,particularly under non-ideal conditions.The study investigates the effects of changes... This paper explores the applicability of the generalized wave impedance hypothesis in split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)experiments,particularly under non-ideal conditions.The study investigates the effects of changes in wave impedance ratio and cross-sectional area ratio on the dynamic response of materials at high strain rates.Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation,the impact of different wave impedance and cross-sectional area ratios on stress wave propagation characteristics is discussed in detail.It is found that when the cross-sections of two bars differ,shear strain occurs at the abrupt cross-section,leading to waveform distortion in the transmitted and reflected waves.The force balance condition does not always align with the momentum conservation theorem,and only when the three waveforms and wavelengths are completely consistent do they align.The research shows that when the wave impedance ratio and cross-sectional area ratio are within a specific range,the generalized wave impedance hypothesis can accurately predict changes in Young’s modulus and density.Additionally,the study extends the exploration to key factors such as wave impedance ratio,wave speed,Young’s modulus,density,and area ratio. 展开更多
关键词 SHPB Stress uniformity assumption Dynamic stress-strain curve Generalized wave impedance hypothesis
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Countability of Infinite Paths in the Infinity Tree: Proof of the Continuum Hypothesis in a Non-Cantorian Infinity Theory 认领 引用
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作者 Philip C. Jackson 《Advances in Pure Mathematics》 2025年第1期73-90,共18页
A previous paper showed that the real numbers between 0 and 1 could be represented by an infinite tree structure, called the ‘infinity tree’, which contains only a countably infinite number of nodes and arcs. This p... A previous paper showed that the real numbers between 0 and 1 could be represented by an infinite tree structure, called the ‘infinity tree’, which contains only a countably infinite number of nodes and arcs. This paper discusses how a finite-state Turing machine could, in a countably infinite number of state transitions, write all the infinite paths in the infinity tree to a countably infinite tape. Hence it is argued that the real numbers in the interval [0, 1] are countably infinite in a non-Cantorian theory of infinity based on Turing machines using countably infinite space and time. In this theory, Cantor’s Continuum Hypothesis can also be proved. And in this theory, it follows that the power set of the natural numbers P(ℕ) is countably infinite, which contradicts the claim of Cantor’s Theorem for the natural numbers. However, this paper does not claim there is an error in Cantor’s arguments that [0, 1] is uncountably infinite. Rather, this paper considers the situation as a paradox, resulting from different choices about how to represent and count the continuum of real numbers. 展开更多
关键词 Infinity Countable Uncountable Diagonalization Real Numbers Infinity Tree Continuum Hypothesis Turing Machine Infinite Time Turing Machine Non-Cantorian
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Hygiene hypothesis in inflammatory bowel disease: A criticalreview of the literature 认领 引用 被引量：20
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作者 Natasha A Koloski Laurel Bret Graham Radford-Smith 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2008年第2期165-173,共9页
The hygiene hypothesis is thought to be a significant contributor to the growing incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) around the world, although the evidence for specific factors that underlie the hygiene hyp... The hygiene hypothesis is thought to be a significant contributor to the growing incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) around the world, although the evidence for specific factors that underlie the hygiene hypothesis in IBD is unclear. We aimed to systematically review the literature to determine which hygiene-related factors are associated with the development of IBD. Publications identified from a broad based MEDLINE and Current Contents search between 1966 and 2007 on key terms relevant to the 'hygiene hypothesis' and IBD including H pylori exposure, helminths, cold chain hypothesis, measles infection and vaccination, antibiotic use, breastfeeding, family size, sibship, urban upbringing, day care attendance and domestic hygiene were reviewed. The literature suggests that the hygiene hypothesis and its association with decreased microbial exposure in childhood probably plays an important role in the development of IBD, although the strength of the supporting data for each of the factors varies considerably. The most promising factors that may potentially be associated with development of IBD include H pylori exposure, helminths, breastfeeding and sibship. However, the vast majority of studies in this area are plagued by serious methodological shortcomings, particularly the reliance on retrospective recall of information making it difficult to truly ascertain the importance of a 'hygiene hypothesis' in IBD. The 'hygiene hypothesis' in IBD is an important area of research that may give clues to the aetiology of this disease. Directions for future research are recommended. 展开更多
关键词 Inflammatory bowel disease Hygiene hypothesis Microbial exposure Cold chain hypothesis H pylori Helminths Measles Antibiotic Breastfeeding Child care
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Consequences of Invariant Functions for the Riemann Hypothesis 认领 引用
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作者 Michael Mark Anthony 《Advances in Pure Mathematics》 2025年第1期36-72,共37页
This paper attempts to form a bridge between a sum of the divisors function and the gamma function, proposing a novel approach that could have significant implications for classical problems in number theory, specific... This paper attempts to form a bridge between a sum of the divisors function and the gamma function, proposing a novel approach that could have significant implications for classical problems in number theory, specifically the Robin inequality and the Riemann hypothesis. The exploration of using invariant properties of these functions to derive insights into twin primes and sequential primes is a potentially innovative concept that deserves careful consideration by the mathematical community. 展开更多
关键词 LambertW Function Principal Branch Riemann Hypothesis Iterations Robin Inequality Robin Integers Invariance Gauss Gamma Function Li-Function Prime Counting Function Sums of Divisors Invariance Primes Twin Primes
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Location of rut stands vs. mating opportunities in Przewalski's gazelle: A field test of the "Resource-based Hypothesis" and "Female Traffic Version of the Hotspot Hypothesis" 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Zhangqiang YOU Zhigang JIANG Chunwang LI 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第6期701-708,共8页
We studied the mating tactics of Przewalski＇s gazelle on the Qinghal-Tibetan Plateau from 2002 to 2005. Przewalski＇s gazelle is a cluster mating animal whereby female groups, including juveniles, travel to and from ... We studied the mating tactics of Przewalski＇s gazelle on the Qinghal-Tibetan Plateau from 2002 to 2005. Przewalski＇s gazelle is a cluster mating animal whereby female groups, including juveniles, travel to and from their resting grounds along fixed routes and dominant males stand on or near these travel routes during rut. To explain rut patterns in male ga- zelles, we tested predictions arising from the ＂Resource-based Hypothesis＂ and ＂Female Traffic Version of the Hotspot Hypothe- sis＂. We marked the location of each rut stand and female travel route, measured food availability in each rut stand and recorded the mating opportunities of rut stand owners. We also conducted a field experiment to force female groups to change their daily travel route, and observed whether males abandon their original rut stands and shift their rut stands to new travel routes of females during the 3rdrut. We found that： （1） male gazelle defending rut stands closer to a female travel route had a higher chance of mat- ing; （2） food resources within rut stands had no effect on mating opportunities of the rut stand owner; （3） when the female travel route was obstructed, female groups changed grazing sites, and all males abandoned their original rut stands and defended new rut stands along the new female travel route. In conclusion, the location of rut stands in relation to female travel routes is the ultimate factor for consolidating mating opportunities in male gazelle, supporting the ＂Female Route Version of Hotspot Hypothesis 展开更多
关键词 Procapra przewalskii Rut stand Hotspot hypothesis Mating opportunity Food availability
Articulating CO2emissions limiting roles of nuclear energy and ICT under the EKC hypothesis:An application of non-parametric MMQR approach 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Atif Jahanger Umer Zaman +1 位作者 Mohammad Razib Hossain Ashar Awan 《Geoscience Frontiers》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第5期72-90,共19页
Limiting toxic elements from being exposed to the world’s atmosphere has been the biggest challenge among environmental researchers and stakeholders.Climate change conferences have been counselling the global economi... Limiting toxic elements from being exposed to the world’s atmosphere has been the biggest challenge among environmental researchers and stakeholders.Climate change conferences have been counselling the global economies to take serious steps toward profound decarbonization to keep the universal temperature below 1.5C.In this context,the direction of environmental research has changed,and researchers are more focused on tracing how to limit pollution and keep it below the threshold level.In this milieu,nuclear energy can make a big difference along with other alternatives to fossil energy.Therefore,we extend the extant literature by exploring the dynamic effects of atomic energy and ICT on carbon emissions(CO2)for top nuclear energy countries using data from 1990 to 2017.To obtain robust findings,we deploy a novel non-parametric econometric approach(i.e.,method of moments quantile regression).The results suggest that nuclear energy is a sustainable alternative to historical fossil fuel as it curbs CO2emissions in the lower,middle,and upper quantiles.Furthermore,our findings corroborate that ICT penetration through the internet,mobile and telephone plays a vital role in improving environmental quality.Moreover,we unveil that linear economic growth jeopardizes the environment by unleashing harmful gases.The findings also support the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC)hypothesis by confirming the negative association between the polynomial economic growth(squared-GDP)and CO2emissions among the designated nations.Also,the Granger causality test reaffirms the causal nexus among selected series that runs from nuclear energy and technological innovation to CO2emissions,indicating that any policy shock in both series leads to environmental degradation.We,therefore,advocate that the designated territories keep enriching their energy baskets with nuclear energy and boost ICT penetration to achieve a 100%decoupling of economic growth from pollution. 展开更多
关键词 Nuclear energy Technological innovation ICT CO2 Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR) EKC hypothesis
Probability hypothesis density filter with adaptive parameter estimation for tracking multiple maneuvering targets 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Yang Jinlong Yang Le +1 位作者 Yuan Yunhao Ge Hongwei 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第6期1740-1748,共9页
The probability hypothesis density(PHD) filter has been recognized as a promising technique for tracking an unknown number of targets. The performance of the PHD filter, however, is sensitive to the available knowledg... The probability hypothesis density(PHD) filter has been recognized as a promising technique for tracking an unknown number of targets. The performance of the PHD filter, however, is sensitive to the available knowledge on model parameters such as the measurement noise variance and those associated with the changes in the maneuvering target trajectories. If these parameters are unknown in advance, the tracking performance may degrade greatly. To address this aspect, this paper proposes to incorporate the adaptive parameter estimation(APE) method in the PHD filter so that the model parameters, which may be static and/or time-varying, can be estimated jointly with target states. The resulting APE-PHD algorithm is implemented using the particle filter(PF), which leads to the PF-APE-PHD filter. Simulations show that the newly proposed algorithm can correctly identify the unknown measurement noise variances, and it is capable of tracking multiple maneuvering targets with abrupt changing parameters in a more robust manner, compared to the multi-model approaches. 展开更多
关键词 Adaptive parameter estimation Multiple target tracking Multivariate Gaussian distribution Particle filter Probability hypothesis density
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Improved pruning algorithm for Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density filter 认领 引用 被引量：8
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作者 NIE Yongfang ZHANG Tao 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE CSCD 2018年第2期229-235,共7页
With the increment of the number of Gaussian components, the computation cost increases in the Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density(GM-PHD) filter. Based on the theory of Chen et al, we propose an improved ... With the increment of the number of Gaussian components, the computation cost increases in the Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density(GM-PHD) filter. Based on the theory of Chen et al, we propose an improved pruning algorithm for the GM-PHD filter, which utilizes not only the Gaussian components’ means and covariance, but their weights as a new criterion to improve the estimate accuracy of the conventional pruning algorithm for tracking very closely proximity targets. Moreover, it solves the end-less while-loop problem without the need of a second merging step. Simulation results show that this improved algorithm is easier to implement and more robust than the formal ones. 展开更多
关键词 Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density(GM-PHD) filter pruning algorithm proximity targets clutter rate
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Functional explanation of extreme hatching asynchrony: Male Manipulation Hypothesis 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Manuel Soler Francisco Ruiz-Raya +2 位作者 Lucia Sanchez-Perez Juan Diego Ibanez-Álamo Juan JoseSoler 《Zoological Research》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第5期843-850,共8页
Hatching asynchrony in birds is considered an adaptation to facilitate brood reduction because under conditions of food scarcity, the smallest nestling usually dies soon after hatching, thereby minimizing parental eff... Hatching asynchrony in birds is considered an adaptation to facilitate brood reduction because under conditions of food scarcity, the smallest nestling usually dies soon after hatching, thereby minimizing parental effort. However, in species with extreme hatching asynchrony, the last hatchlings paradoxically experience a very low probability of survival and death can take so long that it can hardly be considered an adaptation. Here, we propose and experimentally tested a new adaptive hypothesis explaining the brood reduction paradox, namely the“Male Manipulation Hypothesis”. Our hypothesis suggests that by inducing asynchronous hatching,females increase the feeding requirements of the brood, which will induce males to increase provisioning effort. In addition, females may extend the period of male manipulation by feeding the smallest nestling just enough to sustain life. Our study showed that male common blackbirds(Turdus merula) increased their effort(i.e., number of food items per hour) in experimental asynchronous broods compared to synchronous broods, while females reduced their contribution, as predicted by the hypothesis. 展开更多
关键词 Brood reduction Food allocation Hatchingasynchrony Malemanipulation hypothesis Sexual differences in food allocation Turdus merula
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Pharmacokinetics of traditional Chinese syndrome and recipe:a hypothesis and its verification(Ⅰ) 认领 引用 被引量：15
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作者 Xi Huang Ping Ren Ai Dong Wen Li Li Wang Li Zhang Feng Gao Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Chinese Medicine,Xijing Hospital,The Fourth Military Medical University,Xi’an 710032,Shaanxi Province,China Department of Pharmacy,Xijing Hospital,The Fourth Military Medical University,Xi’an 710032,Shaanxi Province,China Department of Physiology,The Fourth Military Medical University,Xi’an 710032,Shaanxi Province,China 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2000年第3期384-391,共8页
AIM To propose a hypothesis defining theabsorption,distribution,metabolism andelimination of traditional Chinese recipe（TCR）-component in blood of healthy subjects andpatients,and estimate its correctness.METHODS Th... AIM To propose a hypothesis defining theabsorption,distribution,metabolism andelimination of traditional Chinese recipe（TCR）-component in blood of healthy subjects andpatients,and estimate its correctness.METHODS The pharmacokinetics（PK）of samedose of drug was studied in the animal model oftraditional Chinese syndrome（S）and healthyanimals.The classification,terminology,concept and significance of the hypothesis wereset forth with evidence provided in the presentstudy.The hypotheses consisted of traditionalChinese syndrome PK（S-PK）and traditionalChinese recipe PK（R-PK）.Firstly,the observedtetramethylpyrazine（TMP）PK in healthy,chronically reserpinized rats（rat model ofspleen deficiency syndrome,RMSDS）andRMSDS treated with Sijunzi decoction（SJZD）forconfirmation were used to verify S-PK; secondly,the ferulic acid（FA）PK in healthy andhigh molecular weight dextran（HMWD）-inducedrabbit model with blood stasis syndrome（RDBSS）was also used to verify S-PK;andlastly,TMP PK parameters in serum of healthyrats after orally taken Ligusticum wallichii（LW）,LW and Salvia miltiorrhiza（LW&SM）decoctions were compared to verify R-PK.RESULTS The apparent first-order absorption[Ka,（13.61±2.56）h-1,area under the blooddrug concentration-time curve[AUC,（24.88±9.76）μg.h-1mL-1],maximum drug concentration[Cmax,（4.82±1.23）μg·mL-1]of serum TMP inRMSDS were increased markedly（P【0.05）compared with those[Ka=（5.41±1.91）h-1,AUC=（5.20±2.57）μg·h-1·mL-1,Cmax=（2.33±1.77）μg·mL-1]of healthy rats（HR）.Theapparent first-order rate constant for α and βdistribution phase[α=（0.38±0.09）h-1,β=（0.06±0.03）h-1,the apparent first-orderintercompartmental transfer rate constants[K10=（0.24±0.07）h-1,K12=（0.11±0.02）h-1,K21=（0.11±0.02）h-1]of serum TMP in RMSDS weredecreased significantly（P【0.01）comparedwith those[K10=（0.88±0.20）h-1,K12=（1.45±0.47）h-1,K21=（0.72±0.22）h-1]of HR.However,no apparent differences occurredbetween HR and RMSDS treated with SJZD.Theserum FA concentration and its AUC[（5.6690±2.3541）μg·h-1·mL-1] in RMBSS were also higherthan those[AUC=（2.7566±0.8232）μg·h-1·mL-1]of healthy rabbits（P【0.05）.The Ka（11.51±2.82）h-1,AUC（0.84±0.17）μg·h-1·mL-1of LW & SM-derived TMP in serum weremuch lower（P【0.05）than those[Ka=（19.58±4.14）h-1,AUC=（1.27±0.26）μg·h-1·mL-1]ofLW-derived TMP in serum after oral decoctions.CONCLUSION The SDS and blood stasissyndrome state could affect significantly thepharmacokinetic parameters of drugs and theabnormal SDS pharmacokinetic parameters couldbe normalized by SJZD.The combination ofChinese medicine in TCR could reciprocallyaffect the pharmacokinetic parameters of othercomponents absorbed into the systemiccirculation.These results support the S-and R-PK hypothesis. 展开更多
关键词 traditional Chinese syndromeecipe Chinese medicine pharmacokinetics blood stasis spleen deficiency hypothesis
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Biogeographic and metabolic studies support a glacial radiation hypothesis during Chrysanthemum evolution 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Xi Chen Haibin Wang +3 位作者 Jiafu Jiang Yifan Jiang Wanbo Zhang Fadi Chen 《Horticulture Research》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第1期3115-3128,共14页
Chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)is an economically important plant species growing worldwide.However,its origin,especially as revealed by biogeographic and metabolomics research,remains unclear.To unders... Chrysanthemum(Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)is an economically important plant species growing worldwide.However,its origin,especially as revealed by biogeographic and metabolomics research,remains unclear.To understand the geographic distribution of species diversity and metabolomics in three genera(Chrysanthemum,Ajania,and Phaeostigma),geographic information systems and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry were used in 19,15,and 4 species respectively.China and Japan were two potential panbiogeographic nodes and diverse hotspots of Chrysanthemum,with species richness ratios of 58.97 and 33.33%.We studied different species from two hotspots which in similar geographical environments had closer chemotaxonomic relationships under the same cultivation conditions based on a cluster of 30 secondary metabolites.The average distribution altitude(ADA)differed significantly among Chrysanthemum,Ajania,and Phaeostigma in which it was 1227.49,2400.12,and 3760.53 m.a.s.l.respectively,and the presence/absence of ray florets(RF)was significantly correlated with ADA(−0.62).Mountain landform was an important contributor to global Chrysanthemum diversity,playing a key role in the divergence and distribution pattern of Chrysanthemum and its allies.The Hengduan Mountains–Qinling Mountains(HDQ)in China was a potential secondary radiation and evolution center of Chrysanthemum and its related genera in theworld.During the Quaternary glacial–interglacial cycles,this region became their refuge,and they radiated and evolved from this center. 展开更多
关键词 geographic distribution panbiogeographic nodes Chrysanthemum morifolium gas chromatography mass spectrometry glacial radiation hypothesis species diversity phaeostigma geographic information systems biogeographic
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Exploring the adjustment to parasite pressure hypothesis: differences in uropygial gland volume and haemosporidian infection in palearctic and neotropical birds 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Sergio MAGALLANES Anders Pape MøLLER +7 位作者 Charlene LUJÁN-VEGA Esteban FONG Daniel VECCO Wendy FLORES-SAAVEDRA Luz GARCÍA-LONGORIAA Florentino DE LOPE JoséA.IANNACONE Alfonso MARZAL 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第2期147-156,共10页
Parasites are globally widespread pathogenic organisms,which impose im portant selective forces upon their hosts.Thus,in accordance with the A djustm ent to parasite pressure hypothesis,it is expected that defenses am... Parasites are globally widespread pathogenic organisms,which impose im portant selective forces upon their hosts.Thus,in accordance with the A djustm ent to parasite pressure hypothesis,it is expected that defenses among hosts vary relative to the selective pressure imposed by parasites.According to the latitudinal gradient in diversity,species richness and abundance of parasites peak near the equator.The uropygial gland is an im portant defensive exocrine gland against pathogens in birds.Size of the uropygial gland has been proposed to vary among species of birds because of divergent selection by pathogens on their hosts.Therefore,we should expect that bird species from the tropics should have relatively larger uropygial glands for their body size than species from higher latitudes.However,this hypothesis has not yet been explored.Here,we analyze the size of the uropygial gland of 1719 individual birds belonging to 36 bird species from 3 Neotropical(Peru)and 3 temperate areas(Spain).Relative uropygial gland volum e was 12.52%larger in bird species from the tropics than from temperate areas.This finding is consistent w ith the relative size of this defensive organ being driven by selective pressures imposed by parasites.We also explored the potential role of this gland as a means of avoiding haemosporidian infection,showing that species with large uropygial glands for their body size tend to have lower mean prevalence of haemosporidian infection,regardless o f their geographical origin.This result provides additional support for the assum ption that secretions from the uropygial gland reduce the likelihood of becoming infected with haemosporidians. 展开更多
关键词 adjustment to parasite pressure hypothesis malaria Neotropical region preen oil temperate region
Particle flters for probability hypothesis density flter with the presence of unknown measurement noise covariance 认领 引用 被引量：11
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作者 Wu Xinhui Huang Gaoming Gao Jun 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2013年第6期1517-1523,共7页
In Bayesian multi-target fltering,knowledge of measurement noise variance is very important.Signifcant mismatches in noise parameters will result in biased estimates.In this paper,a new particle flter for a probabilit... In Bayesian multi-target fltering,knowledge of measurement noise variance is very important.Signifcant mismatches in noise parameters will result in biased estimates.In this paper,a new particle flter for a probability hypothesis density（PHD）flter handling unknown measurement noise variances is proposed.The approach is based on marginalizing the unknown parameters out of the posterior distribution by using variational Bayesian（VB）methods.Moreover,the sequential Monte Carlo method is used to approximate the posterior intensity considering non-linear and non-Gaussian conditions.Unlike other particle flters for this challenging class of PHD flters,the proposed method can adaptively learn the unknown and time-varying noise variances while fltering.Simulation results show that the proposed method improves estimation accuracy in terms of both the number of targets and their states. 展开更多
关键词 Multi-target tracking（MTT） Parameter estimation Probability hypothesis density Sequential Monte Carlo Variational Bayesian method
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Giora的Graded Salience Hypothesis译名探讨 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 王月婷 杨满成 《外语学刊》 CSSCI 北大核心 2019年第3期117-122,共6页
Giora的Graded Salience Hypothesis是语言学研究领域中的重要理论,其中文译名五花八门,不统一。译名的混乱不利于学术交流与研究,因此规范Graded Salience Hypothesis的中文译名非常有必要且迫切。Graded Salience Hypothesis认为,对... Giora的Graded Salience Hypothesis是语言学研究领域中的重要理论,其中文译名五花八门,不统一。译名的混乱不利于学术交流与研究,因此规范Graded Salience Hypothesis的中文译名非常有必要且迫切。Graded Salience Hypothesis认为,对比喻义和字面义的理解由一种普遍的Salience原则支配,即首先要处理salient意义。根据Giora的理论,结合相关的翻译标准,在分析Graded Salience Hypothesis词义构成的基础上,本文讨论其多种译名,发现"等级突显假说"为最佳翻译。"等级突显假说"是一个新的解释话语理解中词义激活与处理过程的理论,它的运用范围非常广泛,常用于心理学、神经学、医学诊断、语言理解、语言习得、翻译等研究中。在语言学领域,特别是在反语、惯用语、跨文化语用研究中,该理论越来越受重视。 展开更多
关键词 Giora Graded Salience Hypothesis 译名 词义分析 等级突显假说 理论价值
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Kernel density estimation and marginalized-particle based probability hypothesis density filter for multi-target tracking 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 张路平 王鲁平 +1 位作者 李飚 赵明 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第3期956-965,共10页
In order to improve the performance of the probability hypothesis density(PHD) algorithm based particle filter(PF) in terms of number estimation and states extraction of multiple targets, a new probability hypothesis ... In order to improve the performance of the probability hypothesis density(PHD) algorithm based particle filter(PF) in terms of number estimation and states extraction of multiple targets, a new probability hypothesis density filter algorithm based on marginalized particle and kernel density estimation is proposed, which utilizes the idea of marginalized particle filter to enhance the estimating performance of the PHD. The state variables are decomposed into linear and non-linear parts. The particle filter is adopted to predict and estimate the nonlinear states of multi-target after dimensionality reduction, while the Kalman filter is applied to estimate the linear parts under linear Gaussian condition. Embedding the information of the linear states into the estimated nonlinear states helps to reduce the estimating variance and improve the accuracy of target number estimation. The meanshift kernel density estimation, being of the inherent nature of searching peak value via an adaptive gradient ascent iteration, is introduced to cluster particles and extract target states, which is independent of the target number and can converge to the local peak position of the PHD distribution while avoiding the errors due to the inaccuracy in modeling and parameters estimation. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can obtain higher tracking accuracy when using fewer sampling particles and is of lower computational complexity compared with the PF-PHD. 展开更多
关键词 particle filter with probability hypothesis density marginalized particle filter meanshift kernel density estimation multi-target tracking
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A NEW DATA ASSOCIATION ALGORITHM USING PROBABILITY HYPOTHESIS DENSITY FILTER 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Huang Zhipei Sun Shuyan Wu Jiankang 《Journal of Electronics(China)》 2010年第2期218-223,共6页
Probability Hypothesis Density(PHD)filtering approach has shown its advantages in tracking time varying number of targets even when there are noise,clutter and misdetection.For linear Gaussian Mixture(GM)system,PHD fi... Probability Hypothesis Density(PHD)filtering approach has shown its advantages in tracking time varying number of targets even when there are noise,clutter and misdetection.For linear Gaussian Mixture(GM)system,PHD filter has a closed form recursion(GMPHD).But PHD filter cannot estimate the trajectories of multi-target because it only provides identity-free estimate of target states.Existing data association methods still remain a big challenge mostly because they are com-putationally expensive.In this paper,we proposed a new data association algorithm using GMPHD filter,which significantly alleviated the heavy computing load and performed multi-target trajectory tracking effectively in the meantime. 展开更多
关键词 Multi-target trajectory tracking Probability Hypothesis Density(PHD) Gaussian mixture(GM)model Multiple hypotheses detection Peak-to-track association
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