Developing a chiral material as versatile and universal chiral stationary phase(CSP) for chiral separation in diverse chromatographic techniques simultaneously is of great significance.In this study,we demonstrated fo...Developing a chiral material as versatile and universal chiral stationary phase(CSP) for chiral separation in diverse chromatographic techniques simultaneously is of great significance.In this study,we demonstrated for the first time that a chiral metal-organic cage(MOC),[Zn6M4],as a universal chiral recognition material for both multi-mode high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and capillary gas chromatography(GC) enantioseparation.Two novel HPLC CSPs with different bonding arms(CSP-A with a cationic imidazolium bonding arm and CSP-B with an alkyl chain bonding arm) were prepared by clicking of functionalized chiral MOC [Zn6M4] onto thiolated silica via thiol-ene click chemistry.Meanwhile,a capillary GC column statically coated with the chiral MOC [Zn6M4] was also fabricated.The results showed that the chiral MOC exhibits excellent enantioselectivity not only in normal phase HPLC(NP-HPLC) and reversed phase(RP-HPLC) but also in GC,and various racemates were well separated,including alcohols,diols,esters,ketones,ethers,amines,and epoxides.Importantly,CSP-A and CSP-B are complementary to commercially available Chiralcel OD-H and Chiralpak AD-H columns in enantioseparation,which can separate some racemates that could not be or could not well be separated by the two widely used commercial columns,suggesting the great potential of the two prepared CSPs in enantioseparation.This work reveals that the chiral MOC is potential versatile chiral recognition materials for both HPLC and GC,and also paves the way to expand the potential applications of MOCs.展开更多
Simultaneously optimizing the optoelectronic properties and the morphology of active layer is the key to high-performance polymer solar cells.Here,we present a novel materials-processing paradigm that incorporates a t...Simultaneously optimizing the optoelectronic properties and the morphology of active layer is the key to high-performance polymer solar cells.Here,we present a novel materials-processing paradigm that incorporates a thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)additive into the layer-by-layer(LBL)fabrication process to concurrently optimize nanoscale morphology and mitigate non-radiative recombination.We demonstrate that the TADF additive facilitates the formation of an ideal interpenetrating network during LBL film deposition,while its intrinsic TADF properties effectively reduce non-radiative voltage loss,enhance exciton lifetimes,and facilitate charge generation and transport.Devices fabricated with this synergistic strategy achieve both high short-circuit current density and open-circuit voltage,culminating in a remarkable power conversion efficiency exceeding 20%.This work not only provides an efficient and reproducible processing route for high-performance polymer solar cells(PSCs)but also opens a new avenue for addressing fundamental optoelectronic limitations through coordinated material design and processing innovation.展开更多
Confronted with increasingly severe challenges of electromagnetic interference(EMI)and electromagnetic radiation pollution in industrial,military,and aerospace applications,the development of novel materials that comb...Confronted with increasingly severe challenges of electromagnetic interference(EMI)and electromagnetic radiation pollution in industrial,military,and aerospace applications,the development of novel materials that combine high shielding efficiency with excellent comprehensive performance has become a research hotspot.Inorganic highperformance fibers(IHPFs),recognized for their lightweight nature,outstanding mechanical properties,and chemical stability,are regarded as ideal candidate materials for designing lightweight,durable,and structurally functional integrated EM shielding systems.However,besides metal fibers,most IHPFs exhibit intrinsic surface chemical inertness and physical smoothness,resulting in poor interfacial compatibility and weak adhesion with functional coatings or resin matrices,which significantly undermine the long-term service reliability of composites under extreme conditions.This paper introduces the EM shielding mechanism,highlights common issues of surface inertness in IHPFs,and elaborates on both“dry”and“wet”surface modification strategies.These strategies enable the formation of robust functional layers,facilitating the integration of high strength,high modulus,and multifunctionality,while ensuring interfacial reliability in composites.Furthermore,the principles and processing techniques of various strategies for fabricating EMI shielding functional layers on IHPFs surfaces are reviewed,and recent advances in the application of functionalized IHPFs,as well as service reliability and environmental stability,are summarized,including EMI shielding protection and radar-absorbing stealth.Finally,the challenges and future research directions for the large-scale and long-term stable application of IHPF-based EMI shielding functionalization in high-end fields are discussed,offering insights that may accelerate the development of next-generation lightweight,sustainable,and multifunctional EMI shielding materials.展开更多
Research on high-performance birefringent crystals with birefringence values greater than 0.3 has grown rapidly in recent years.These materials hold great promise for enabling the compactness and miniaturization of op...Research on high-performance birefringent crystals with birefringence values greater than 0.3 has grown rapidly in recent years.These materials hold great promise for enabling the compactness and miniaturization of optical components that manipulate the phase and polairization of light.Crystals based on organic π-conjugated units frequently exhibit birefringence values exceeding 0.3,establishing them as effective building blocks for next-generation birefringent materials.This work highlights recent progress in the development of birefringent crystals derived from organic π-conjugated units.We emphasize the pivotal role of these functional building blocks in crystal design and materials discovery,and review representative studies that report high-performance birefringent crystals.The article concludes with a discussion of current challenges and outlines future research directions in this emerging field.展开更多
Impact-resistant structures designed to withstand forces and maintain integrity under loads require high compressive strength,energy absorption capacity,tensile strength,and stiffness.These structures typically featur...Impact-resistant structures designed to withstand forces and maintain integrity under loads require high compressive strength,energy absorption capacity,tensile strength,and stiffness.These structures typically feature complex geometries that are difficult to produce using traditional manufacturing methods.Additive manufacturing(AM)technology has revolutionized the fabrication of such structures by offering superior capabilities in complexity,customization,and material efficiency.High-performance polymers(HPPs)including polyamide(PA),polyetherimide(PEI),polyphenylene sulfide(PPS),polyaryletherketones(PAEKs),and polyimide(PI)and their composites have gained prominence for impact-resistant applications due to their exceptional mechanical properties and AM compatibility.This review examines recent advances in the AM of HPPs for achieving impact resistance.It focuses on three key areas:the relationship between process parameters and mechanical/energyabsorbing performance,the properties of HPPs and their composites,and the impact-resistant characteristics of novel structural architectures.Additionally,the study addresses the current challenges and future perspectives in developing 3D-printed impact-resistant structures.By synthesizing this information,the review establishes a foundation for future research in innovative AM designs and new material feedstocks for impact-resistant applications.展开更多
[Objectives]To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method for comparing the content differences of xanthopurpurin in raw Rubia cordifolia and its charred products processed at different temperature...[Objectives]To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method for comparing the content differences of xanthopurpurin in raw Rubia cordifolia and its charred products processed at different temperatures,sourced from various regions.[Methods]The chromatographic separation was performed using an HPLC Column C 18.The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.2%phosphoric acid solution(50:50,v/v)at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.Detection was carried out at 245 nm,and the column temperature was maintained at 30℃.[Results]Xanthopurpurin exhibited a good linear relationship within the range of 6.712-83.905μg/mL(r=1.0000).The average recovery rate was 101.3%with an RSD of 2.1%(n=6).Content determination results showed that the xanthopurpurin content in raw R.cordifolia ranged from 0.0400 to 0.1693 mg/g.In charred R.cordifolia processed at 110-130℃,it ranged from 0.3092 to 0.3801 mg/g,while in charred R.cordifolia processed at 350-370℃,it ranged from 0.5128 to 1.1688 mg/g.A significant increasing trend in xanthopurpurin content was observed with rising charring temperatures.[Conclusions]This method is simple,accurate,feasible,and reproducible.It can effectively distinguish between raw R.cordifolia and its charred products processed at different temperatures,providing a scientific basis for the quality evaluation of charred R.cordifolia and its formulations in traditional Chinese medicine.展开更多
Current water conservancy projects face multiple challenges, including evolving water environments and structural durability requirements. Advanced high-performance concrete has garnered widespread attention due to it...Current water conservancy projects face multiple challenges, including evolving water environments and structural durability requirements. Advanced high-performance concrete has garnered widespread attention due to its exceptional impermeability, wear resistance, and crack resistance properties. This study investigates improvements in concrete mix design and construction techniques, analyzing the impact of key component ratios, admixture quantities, and curing conditions on overall concrete performance through laboratory testing and field applications. The enhanced concrete demonstrates significant improvements in compressive strength, durability, as well as impermeability and crack resistance, effectively meeting the demands of complex water engineering environments. This technology not only provides a solid foundation for concrete construction in water projects but also positively contributes to extending structural service life and reducing maintenance costs, thereby offering critical support for sustainable advancements in water conservancy development.展开更多
Compound preparations are characterized by the synergistic enhancement of multiple components,and their quality control directly affects the safety of medication and the stability of therapeutic efficacy.Due to the co...Compound preparations are characterized by the synergistic enhancement of multiple components,and their quality control directly affects the safety of medication and the stability of therapeutic efficacy.Due to the complex composition of compound preparations and significant differences in the physicochemical properties of various active ingredients,the detection of their content faces technical challenges,such as difficulties in separation and numerous interfering factors.High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),with its advantages of high efficiency,high selectivity,and high sensitivity,has become a core method for quality control of compound preparations,providing reliable data support for evaluating the stability and batch consistency of preparations.Currently,there is an increasing variety of traditional Chinese medicine compound preparations.Establishing a specific,stable,and easy-to-operate method for content determination is of great practical significance for improving the quality standards of traditional Chinese medicine and safeguarding the health of the people.展开更多
Compared to subtractive manufacturing and casting,3D printing(additive manufacturing)offers advantages,such as the rapid production of complex structures,reduced material waste,and environmental friendliness.Direct in...Compared to subtractive manufacturing and casting,3D printing(additive manufacturing)offers advantages,such as the rapid production of complex structures,reduced material waste,and environmental friendliness.Direct ink writing(DIW)is one of the most popular 3D printing techniques owing to its ability to print multiple materials simultaneously and its high compatibility with printing inks.However,DIW presents significant challenges,particularly in the printing of high-performance polymers.The main challenges are as follows:1.The rigid structures and reaction kinetics of high-performance polymers make developing new inks difficult.2.The limited types of available high-performance polymers underscore the need for new DIW-suitable materials.3.Layer-by-layer stacking weakens interlayer bonding,affecting the mechanical properties of the printed product.4.The accuracy and speed of DIW printing are insufficient for large-scale manufacturing.After introducing the topic,the requirements for DIW printing inks are first reviewed,emphasizing the importance of thixotropic agents.Then,research progress regarding DIW printing of high-performance polymers is comprehensively reviewed according to the requirements of different polymer inks.Additionally,the applications of these materials across various fields are summarized.Finally,the challenges in DIW printing of high-performance polymers,along with corresponding solutions and future development prospects,are discussed in detail.展开更多
Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)have demonstrated great potential in chromatographic separation because of unique structure and superior performance.Herein,single-crystal three-dimensional(3D)COFs with regular morpho...Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)have demonstrated great potential in chromatographic separation because of unique structure and superior performance.Herein,single-crystal three-dimensional(3D)COFs with regular morphology,good monodispersity and high specific surface area,were used as a stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The single-crystal 3D COFs packed column not only exhibits high efficiency in separating hydrophobic molecules involving substituted benzenes,halogenated benzenes,halogenated nitrobenzenes,aromatic amines,aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and phthalate esters(PAEs),but also achieves baseline separation of acenaphthene and acenaphthylene with similar physical and chemical properties as well as environmental pollutants,which cannot be quickly separated on commercial C18 column and a polycrystalline 3D COFs packed column.Especially,the column efficiency of 17303-24255 plates/m was obtained for PAEs,and the resolution values for acenaphthene and acenaphthylene,and carbamazepine(CBZ)and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide(CBZEP)were 1.7and 2.2,respectively.This successful application not only confirmed the great potential of the singlecrystal 3D COFs in HPLC separation of the organic molecules,but also facilitates the application of COFs in separation science.展开更多
Fiber reinforcement significantly enhances the strength,toughness,and durability of concrete by reducing the propagation of microcracks in the concrete matrix.With the rising demand for high-performance concrete(HPC),...Fiber reinforcement significantly enhances the strength,toughness,and durability of concrete by reducing the propagation of microcracks in the concrete matrix.With the rising demand for high-performance concrete(HPC),this study investigates the mechanical properties of HPC with varying proportions of polypropylene(PP)and steel(ST)fibers.Supplementary cementitious materials(SCMs)toward partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement(OPC)were incorporated to prepare HPC mixes as a ternary composite system using Fly Ash(FA),Silica Fume(SF),and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag(GGBS).Each HPC mix comprised two SCMs,accounting for 20%of the mass fraction of the OPC binder.The study encompassed fiber percentages ranging from 0 to 0.075%PP and 0 to 2%ST,incorporating them into the HPC mixes with gradual increases of 0.025%for PP and 0.5%for ST fiber by mass fraction.All HPC mixes were tested for mechanical properties using compressive and split tensile strength tests.The influence of SCMs on HPC was studied using X-ray diffraction(XRD)for microstructural analyses.It was found that the compressive and split tensile strengths of HPC increased up to an optimal fiber percentage and then decreased.A comparison of the test results of high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete with those of plain HPC revealed significant improvements in compressive and splitting tensile strengths by 26.59%and 57.74%,respectively.Also,the XRD analysis revealed that the composition of the SCMs in HPC was a significant and effective solution for the mechanical properties of the concrete.展开更多
[Objectives]To establish an HPLC method for the quantitative determination of multiple phenolic acid components in Tetracera asiatica medicinal material,providing a basis for establishing its quality standards.[Method...[Objectives]To establish an HPLC method for the quantitative determination of multiple phenolic acid components in Tetracera asiatica medicinal material,providing a basis for establishing its quality standards.[Methods]An Inertsil ODS-C 18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)was used.The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid solution(10:90).The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was 274 nm.The column temperature was 25℃.The injection volume was 10μL.The content of three components,gallic acid,protocatechuic acid,and protocatechualdehyde,was determined in 13 batches of T.asiatica.[Results]Gallic acid showed good linearity within the range of 0.020-6.400μg/mL,protocatechuic acid within 0.201-6.432μg/mL,and protocatechualdehyde within 0.202-6.464μg/mL(r>0.9990).The average recovery rates ranged from 98.61%to 101.17%,with RSD s between 1.21%and 2.69%.[Conclusions]The quantitative determination method established in this study is simple and feasible,and can provide a basis for the quality evaluation of T.asiatica.展开更多
As electronic devices continue to evolve toward higher power densities,faster speeds,and smaller form factors,the demand for high-performance electronic packaging materials has become increasingly critical.These mater...As electronic devices continue to evolve toward higher power densities,faster speeds,and smaller form factors,the demand for high-performance electronic packaging materials has become increasingly critical.These materials serve as the physical and functional interface between semiconductor components and their operating environment,impacting the overall reliability,thermal management,mechanical protection,and electrical performance of modern electronic systems.This study investigates the development,formulation,and performance evaluation of advanced packaging materials,focusing on polymer-based composites,metal and ceramic matrix systems,and nanomaterial-enhanced formulations.A comprehensive analysis of key performance metrics-including thermal conductivity,electrical insulation,mechanical robustness,and environmental resistance-is presented,alongside strategies for material optimization through interface engineering and processing innovations.Furthermore,the study explores cutting-edge integration technologies such as 3D packaging compatibility,low-temperature co-firing,and high-density interconnects.The findings provide critical insights into the structure-property-processing relationships that define the effectiveness of next-generation packaging materials and offer a roadmap for material selection and system integration in high-reliability electronic applications.展开更多
During the past decades,with the increasing demands in lightweight structural materials,Mg alloys with low density and high performance have been extensively investigated and partly applied in some industries.Especial...During the past decades,with the increasing demands in lightweight structural materials,Mg alloys with low density and high performance have been extensively investigated and partly applied in some industries.Especially when rare earth(RE)elements are added as major alloying elements to Mg alloys,the alloy strength and creep resistance are greatly improved,which have promoted several series of Mg-RE alloys.This paper reviews the progress and developments of high-performance Mg-RE alloys in recent years with emphasis on cast alloys.The main contents include the alloy design,melt purification,grain refinement,castability,novel liquid casting and semisolid forming approaches,and the industrial applications or trials made of Mg-RE alloys.The review will provide insights for future developments of new alloys,techniques and applications of Mg alloys.展开更多
AIM: To perform plasma free amino acid (PFAA) profiling of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients at different pathological stages and healthy subjects.
A high-performance concrete (HPC) is required to have superior performance in various aspects such as workability,strength, durability, dimensional stability, segregation stability, and passing ability. The mix desi...A high-performance concrete (HPC) is required to have superior performance in various aspects such as workability,strength, durability, dimensional stability, segregation stability, and passing ability. The mix design of HPC is rather complicatedbecause the number of ingredients in HPC is usually more than those in conventional concrete and some of the required propertiesare conflicting with each other in the sense that improvement in one property would at the same time cause impairment of anotherproperty. However, there is still lack of understanding regarding how the various mix parameters should be optimised forachieving best overall performance. Most practitioners are still conducting mix design primarily through trial concrete mixing,which is laborious, ineffective, and often unable to timely respond to fluctuations in the properties of raw materials. To addressthese issues, the authors have been developing the packing and film thickness theories of concrete materials, in order to revamp themix design philosophy of HPC in terms of the water film thickness (WFT), paste film thickness (PFT), and mortar film thickness(MFT) in the concrete. Based on the findings from an extensive experimental programme, suitable ranges ofWFT, PFT, and MFThave been recommended.展开更多
Developing microwave absorption(MA)materials with satisfied comprehensive performance is a great challenge for tackling severe electromagnetic pollution.In particular,the magnetic component/carbon hybrids absorbers al...Developing microwave absorption(MA)materials with satisfied comprehensive performance is a great challenge for tackling severe electromagnetic pollution.In particular,the magnetic component/carbon hybrids absorbers always suffer from high filler loading.Herein,we propose a feasible strategy to construct hierarchical porous carbon with tightly embedded Ni nanoparticles(Ni@NPC).These highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles produce strong magnetic coupling networks to enhance magnetic loss abilities.Moreover,the interconnected hierarchical dielectric carbon network affords favorable dipolar/interfacial polarization,conduction loss,multiple reflection and scattering.Impressively,with an ultralow filler loading of 5 wt.%,the resultant Ni@NPC/paraffin composite achieves an excellent MA performance with a minimum reflection loss of as high as-72.4 dB and a broad absorption bandwidth of 5.0 GHz.This capability outperforms most current magnetic-dielectric hybrids counterparts.Furthermore,the MA capacity can be easily tuned with adjustments in thickness,content and type of magnetic material.Thus,this work opens up new avenues for the development of high-performance and lightweight MA materials.展开更多
Electrochemical properties of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are mainly hindered by both the insulating nature of elemental sulfur(i.e.,molecular S8)and the shuttling effect or sluggish redox kinetics of lithium polysu...Electrochemical properties of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are mainly hindered by both the insulating nature of elemental sulfur(i.e.,molecular S8)and the shuttling effect or sluggish redox kinetics of lithium polysulfide intermediates(Li2Sn,3≤n≤8).In this paper,a three-dimensional mesoporous reduced graphene oxide-based nanocomposite,with the embedding of metallic Co nanoparticles and the doping of elemental N(Co/NrGO),and its simply ground mixture with powdered S at a mass ratio of 1:6(Co/NrGO/S)are prepared and used as cathode-/separator-coated interlayers and working electrodes in assembled Li-S cells,respectively.One of the effective cell configurations is to paste composite Co/NrGO onto both the S-loading cathode and separator,showing good cycling stability(1070mAh g−1 in the 100th cycle at 0.2 C),highrate capability(835mAh g−1,2.0 C),and excellent durability(905mAh g−1 in the 250th cycle at 0.5 or 0.2 C).Compared with the experimental results of Co-absent NrGO,electrochemical properties of various Co/NrGO-based cell configurations clearly show multiple functions of Co/NrGO,indicating that the absence of Co/NrGO coatings and/or Co nanoparticles may be inadequate to achieve superior S availability of assembled Li-S batteries.展开更多
All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs) employing sulfide electrolyte and lithium(Li) anode have received increasing attention due to the intrinsic safety and high energy density.However,the thick electrolyte layer ...All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs) employing sulfide electrolyte and lithium(Li) anode have received increasing attention due to the intrinsic safety and high energy density.However,the thick electrolyte layer and lithium dendrites formed at the electrolyte/Li anode interface hinder the realization of high-performance ASSLBs.Herein,a novel membrane consisting of Li6PS5 Cl(LPSCl),poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO) and Li-salt(LiTFSI) was prepared as sulfide-based composite solid electrolyte(LPSCl-PEO3-LiTFSI)(LPSCl:PEO=97:3 wt/wt;EO:Li=8:1 mol/mol),which delivers high ionic conductivity(1.1 × 10-3 S cm-1) and wide electrochemical window(4.9 V vs.Li+/Li) at 25 ℃.In addition,an ex-situ artificial solid electrolyte interphase(SEI) film enriched with LiF and Li3 N was designed as a protective layer on Li anode(Li(SEI)) to suppress the growth of lithium dendrites.Benefiting from the synergy of sulfide-based composite solid electrolyte and ex-situ artificial SEI,cells of S-CNTs/LPSCI-PEO3-LiTFSI/Li(SEI) and Al2O3@LiNi0.5Co0.3Mn0.2O2/LPSCl-PEO3-LiTFSI/Li(SEI) are assembled and both exhibit high initial discharge capacity of 1221.1 mAh g-1(135.8 mAh g-1) and enhanced cycling stability with 81.6% capacity retention over 200 cycles at 0.05 C(89.2% over 100 cycles at 0.1 C).This work provides a new insight into the synergy of composite solid electrolyte and artificial SEI for achieving high-performance ASSLBs.展开更多
A simple, sensible and reliable HPLC-DAD fingerprint analysis method for the raw materials of Oxytropisfalcata and Oxytropis chiliophylla, both of which were used as "Er-Da-Xia" in Tibetan medicines, was developed a...A simple, sensible and reliable HPLC-DAD fingerprint analysis method for the raw materials of Oxytropisfalcata and Oxytropis chiliophylla, both of which were used as "Er-Da-Xia" in Tibetan medicines, was developed and then subsequently applied to analyze samples collected from different locations or times. 19 common fingerprint peaks for O. falcata, 24 for O. chiliophylla, and 11 for the two herbs were designated respectively, including 7 identified characteristic peaks existing in both herbs and 1 uniquely presenting in O. chiliophylla. Although there were some slight differences in the chemicals of O. falcata and O. chiliophylla, the main components of both herbs were consistent generally. The results provided scientific basis, at least from the chemical point of view, for the reasonablity of two herbs being used as the same drug in Tibetan medicines and for the necessary of further investigation on their detailed chemical and pharmacological differences.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22064020,22364022,and 22174125)the Applied Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan Province (Nos.202101AT070101 and 202201AT070029)。
摘要Developing a chiral material as versatile and universal chiral stationary phase(CSP) for chiral separation in diverse chromatographic techniques simultaneously is of great significance.In this study,we demonstrated for the first time that a chiral metal-organic cage(MOC),[Zn6M4],as a universal chiral recognition material for both multi-mode high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and capillary gas chromatography(GC) enantioseparation.Two novel HPLC CSPs with different bonding arms(CSP-A with a cationic imidazolium bonding arm and CSP-B with an alkyl chain bonding arm) were prepared by clicking of functionalized chiral MOC [Zn6M4] onto thiolated silica via thiol-ene click chemistry.Meanwhile,a capillary GC column statically coated with the chiral MOC [Zn6M4] was also fabricated.The results showed that the chiral MOC exhibits excellent enantioselectivity not only in normal phase HPLC(NP-HPLC) and reversed phase(RP-HPLC) but also in GC,and various racemates were well separated,including alcohols,diols,esters,ketones,ethers,amines,and epoxides.Importantly,CSP-A and CSP-B are complementary to commercially available Chiralcel OD-H and Chiralpak AD-H columns in enantioseparation,which can separate some racemates that could not be or could not well be separated by the two widely used commercial columns,suggesting the great potential of the two prepared CSPs in enantioseparation.This work reveals that the chiral MOC is potential versatile chiral recognition materials for both HPLC and GC,and also paves the way to expand the potential applications of MOCs.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB4200600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52461160300,52321165650 and 52127806)+4 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.LR25E030003 and LD25E030001)Xiaoshan County Key Research and Development Plan(No.2024104)“Pioneering”R&D Program of Zhejiang(No.2025C01141)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.226-2022-00209)the research start-up fund from Zhejiang University。
摘要Simultaneously optimizing the optoelectronic properties and the morphology of active layer is the key to high-performance polymer solar cells.Here,we present a novel materials-processing paradigm that incorporates a thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)additive into the layer-by-layer(LBL)fabrication process to concurrently optimize nanoscale morphology and mitigate non-radiative recombination.We demonstrate that the TADF additive facilitates the formation of an ideal interpenetrating network during LBL film deposition,while its intrinsic TADF properties effectively reduce non-radiative voltage loss,enhance exciton lifetimes,and facilitate charge generation and transport.Devices fabricated with this synergistic strategy achieve both high short-circuit current density and open-circuit voltage,culminating in a remarkable power conversion efficiency exceeding 20%.This work not only provides an efficient and reproducible processing route for high-performance polymer solar cells(PSCs)but also opens a new avenue for addressing fundamental optoelectronic limitations through coordinated material design and processing innovation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52373085,52573090,52533017 and U21A2095)Department of Science and Technology of Hubei Province(No.2025CSA001 and 2024CSA076)+3 种基金Outstanding Young and Middleaged Scientific and Technology Innovation Team of Higher Education Institutions of Hubei Province(No.T2024010)Innovative Team Program of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2023AFA027)Major Fundamental Research of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2025ZD33)Technical Support Project of Administration for Market Regulation of Hubei Province(Hbscjg-JS2025001).
摘要Confronted with increasingly severe challenges of electromagnetic interference(EMI)and electromagnetic radiation pollution in industrial,military,and aerospace applications,the development of novel materials that combine high shielding efficiency with excellent comprehensive performance has become a research hotspot.Inorganic highperformance fibers(IHPFs),recognized for their lightweight nature,outstanding mechanical properties,and chemical stability,are regarded as ideal candidate materials for designing lightweight,durable,and structurally functional integrated EM shielding systems.However,besides metal fibers,most IHPFs exhibit intrinsic surface chemical inertness and physical smoothness,resulting in poor interfacial compatibility and weak adhesion with functional coatings or resin matrices,which significantly undermine the long-term service reliability of composites under extreme conditions.This paper introduces the EM shielding mechanism,highlights common issues of surface inertness in IHPFs,and elaborates on both“dry”and“wet”surface modification strategies.These strategies enable the formation of robust functional layers,facilitating the integration of high strength,high modulus,and multifunctionality,while ensuring interfacial reliability in composites.Furthermore,the principles and processing techniques of various strategies for fabricating EMI shielding functional layers on IHPFs surfaces are reviewed,and recent advances in the application of functionalized IHPFs,as well as service reliability and environmental stability,are summarized,including EMI shielding protection and radar-absorbing stealth.Finally,the challenges and future research directions for the large-scale and long-term stable application of IHPF-based EMI shielding functionalization in high-end fields are discussed,offering insights that may accelerate the development of next-generation lightweight,sustainable,and multifunctional EMI shielding materials.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(22193042,22505258,22405273)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2025J08119)+2 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDBS-LY-SLH024)the Fujian Institute of Innovation,Chinese Academy of Sciences(FJCXY18010201)supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(No.RS-2024-00442105).
摘要Research on high-performance birefringent crystals with birefringence values greater than 0.3 has grown rapidly in recent years.These materials hold great promise for enabling the compactness and miniaturization of optical components that manipulate the phase and polairization of light.Crystals based on organic π-conjugated units frequently exhibit birefringence values exceeding 0.3,establishing them as effective building blocks for next-generation birefringent materials.This work highlights recent progress in the development of birefringent crystals derived from organic π-conjugated units.We emphasize the pivotal role of these functional building blocks in crystal design and materials discovery,and review representative studies that report high-performance birefringent crystals.The article concludes with a discussion of current challenges and outlines future research directions in this emerging field.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB4603500).
摘要Impact-resistant structures designed to withstand forces and maintain integrity under loads require high compressive strength,energy absorption capacity,tensile strength,and stiffness.These structures typically feature complex geometries that are difficult to produce using traditional manufacturing methods.Additive manufacturing(AM)technology has revolutionized the fabrication of such structures by offering superior capabilities in complexity,customization,and material efficiency.High-performance polymers(HPPs)including polyamide(PA),polyetherimide(PEI),polyphenylene sulfide(PPS),polyaryletherketones(PAEKs),and polyimide(PI)and their composites have gained prominence for impact-resistant applications due to their exceptional mechanical properties and AM compatibility.This review examines recent advances in the AM of HPPs for achieving impact resistance.It focuses on three key areas:the relationship between process parameters and mechanical/energyabsorbing performance,the properties of HPPs and their composites,and the impact-resistant characteristics of novel structural architectures.Additionally,the study addresses the current challenges and future perspectives in developing 3D-printed impact-resistant structures.By synthesizing this information,the review establishes a foundation for future research in innovative AM designs and new material feedstocks for impact-resistant applications.
基金Supported by the Key Laboratory Project for Quality Control of Chinese Materia Medica and Decoction Pieces(2023GSMPA-KL06,2024GSMPA-KL16).
摘要[Objectives]To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method for comparing the content differences of xanthopurpurin in raw Rubia cordifolia and its charred products processed at different temperatures,sourced from various regions.[Methods]The chromatographic separation was performed using an HPLC Column C 18.The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.2%phosphoric acid solution(50:50,v/v)at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.Detection was carried out at 245 nm,and the column temperature was maintained at 30℃.[Results]Xanthopurpurin exhibited a good linear relationship within the range of 6.712-83.905μg/mL(r=1.0000).The average recovery rate was 101.3%with an RSD of 2.1%(n=6).Content determination results showed that the xanthopurpurin content in raw R.cordifolia ranged from 0.0400 to 0.1693 mg/g.In charred R.cordifolia processed at 110-130℃,it ranged from 0.3092 to 0.3801 mg/g,while in charred R.cordifolia processed at 350-370℃,it ranged from 0.5128 to 1.1688 mg/g.A significant increasing trend in xanthopurpurin content was observed with rising charring temperatures.[Conclusions]This method is simple,accurate,feasible,and reproducible.It can effectively distinguish between raw R.cordifolia and its charred products processed at different temperatures,providing a scientific basis for the quality evaluation of charred R.cordifolia and its formulations in traditional Chinese medicine.
摘要Current water conservancy projects face multiple challenges, including evolving water environments and structural durability requirements. Advanced high-performance concrete has garnered widespread attention due to its exceptional impermeability, wear resistance, and crack resistance properties. This study investigates improvements in concrete mix design and construction techniques, analyzing the impact of key component ratios, admixture quantities, and curing conditions on overall concrete performance through laboratory testing and field applications. The enhanced concrete demonstrates significant improvements in compressive strength, durability, as well as impermeability and crack resistance, effectively meeting the demands of complex water engineering environments. This technology not only provides a solid foundation for concrete construction in water projects but also positively contributes to extending structural service life and reducing maintenance costs, thereby offering critical support for sustainable advancements in water conservancy development.
摘要Compound preparations are characterized by the synergistic enhancement of multiple components,and their quality control directly affects the safety of medication and the stability of therapeutic efficacy.Due to the complex composition of compound preparations and significant differences in the physicochemical properties of various active ingredients,the detection of their content faces technical challenges,such as difficulties in separation and numerous interfering factors.High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),with its advantages of high efficiency,high selectivity,and high sensitivity,has become a core method for quality control of compound preparations,providing reliable data support for evaluating the stability and batch consistency of preparations.Currently,there is an increasing variety of traditional Chinese medicine compound preparations.Establishing a specific,stable,and easy-to-operate method for content determination is of great practical significance for improving the quality standards of traditional Chinese medicine and safeguarding the health of the people.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB3809000)Major Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province(Grant No.23ZDGA011)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22275199,52105224)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB04701022021).
摘要Compared to subtractive manufacturing and casting,3D printing(additive manufacturing)offers advantages,such as the rapid production of complex structures,reduced material waste,and environmental friendliness.Direct ink writing(DIW)is one of the most popular 3D printing techniques owing to its ability to print multiple materials simultaneously and its high compatibility with printing inks.However,DIW presents significant challenges,particularly in the printing of high-performance polymers.The main challenges are as follows:1.The rigid structures and reaction kinetics of high-performance polymers make developing new inks difficult.2.The limited types of available high-performance polymers underscore the need for new DIW-suitable materials.3.Layer-by-layer stacking weakens interlayer bonding,affecting the mechanical properties of the printed product.4.The accuracy and speed of DIW printing are insufficient for large-scale manufacturing.After introducing the topic,the requirements for DIW printing inks are first reviewed,emphasizing the importance of thixotropic agents.Then,research progress regarding DIW printing of high-performance polymers is comprehensively reviewed according to the requirements of different polymer inks.Additionally,the applications of these materials across various fields are summarized.Finally,the challenges in DIW printing of high-performance polymers,along with corresponding solutions and future development prospects,are discussed in detail.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22274021)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2022J01535)for financial support。
摘要Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)have demonstrated great potential in chromatographic separation because of unique structure and superior performance.Herein,single-crystal three-dimensional(3D)COFs with regular morphology,good monodispersity and high specific surface area,were used as a stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The single-crystal 3D COFs packed column not only exhibits high efficiency in separating hydrophobic molecules involving substituted benzenes,halogenated benzenes,halogenated nitrobenzenes,aromatic amines,aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and phthalate esters(PAEs),but also achieves baseline separation of acenaphthene and acenaphthylene with similar physical and chemical properties as well as environmental pollutants,which cannot be quickly separated on commercial C18 column and a polycrystalline 3D COFs packed column.Especially,the column efficiency of 17303-24255 plates/m was obtained for PAEs,and the resolution values for acenaphthene and acenaphthylene,and carbamazepine(CBZ)and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide(CBZEP)were 1.7and 2.2,respectively.This successful application not only confirmed the great potential of the singlecrystal 3D COFs in HPLC separation of the organic molecules,but also facilitates the application of COFs in separation science.
基金financed by the Science and Engineering Research Board,India,in Project No.EEQ/2023/000130CSIR-India in Project No.MLP072002.
摘要Fiber reinforcement significantly enhances the strength,toughness,and durability of concrete by reducing the propagation of microcracks in the concrete matrix.With the rising demand for high-performance concrete(HPC),this study investigates the mechanical properties of HPC with varying proportions of polypropylene(PP)and steel(ST)fibers.Supplementary cementitious materials(SCMs)toward partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement(OPC)were incorporated to prepare HPC mixes as a ternary composite system using Fly Ash(FA),Silica Fume(SF),and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag(GGBS).Each HPC mix comprised two SCMs,accounting for 20%of the mass fraction of the OPC binder.The study encompassed fiber percentages ranging from 0 to 0.075%PP and 0 to 2%ST,incorporating them into the HPC mixes with gradual increases of 0.025%for PP and 0.5%for ST fiber by mass fraction.All HPC mixes were tested for mechanical properties using compressive and split tensile strength tests.The influence of SCMs on HPC was studied using X-ray diffraction(XRD)for microstructural analyses.It was found that the compressive and split tensile strengths of HPC increased up to an optimal fiber percentage and then decreased.A comparison of the test results of high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete with those of plain HPC revealed significant improvements in compressive and splitting tensile strengths by 26.59%and 57.74%,respectively.Also,the XRD analysis revealed that the composition of the SCMs in HPC was a significant and effective solution for the mechanical properties of the concrete.
基金Supported by Regional Science Foundation of China,National Natural Science Foundation(No.82160820)General Program of Guizhou Provincial Natural Science Foundation[QianKeHe Foundation-ZK(2023)General153].
摘要[Objectives]To establish an HPLC method for the quantitative determination of multiple phenolic acid components in Tetracera asiatica medicinal material,providing a basis for establishing its quality standards.[Methods]An Inertsil ODS-C 18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)was used.The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid solution(10:90).The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was 274 nm.The column temperature was 25℃.The injection volume was 10μL.The content of three components,gallic acid,protocatechuic acid,and protocatechualdehyde,was determined in 13 batches of T.asiatica.[Results]Gallic acid showed good linearity within the range of 0.020-6.400μg/mL,protocatechuic acid within 0.201-6.432μg/mL,and protocatechualdehyde within 0.202-6.464μg/mL(r>0.9990).The average recovery rates ranged from 98.61%to 101.17%,with RSD s between 1.21%and 2.69%.[Conclusions]The quantitative determination method established in this study is simple and feasible,and can provide a basis for the quality evaluation of T.asiatica.
摘要As electronic devices continue to evolve toward higher power densities,faster speeds,and smaller form factors,the demand for high-performance electronic packaging materials has become increasingly critical.These materials serve as the physical and functional interface between semiconductor components and their operating environment,impacting the overall reliability,thermal management,mechanical protection,and electrical performance of modern electronic systems.This study investigates the development,formulation,and performance evaluation of advanced packaging materials,focusing on polymer-based composites,metal and ceramic matrix systems,and nanomaterial-enhanced formulations.A comprehensive analysis of key performance metrics-including thermal conductivity,electrical insulation,mechanical robustness,and environmental resistance-is presented,alongside strategies for material optimization through interface engineering and processing innovations.Furthermore,the study explores cutting-edge integration technologies such as 3D packaging compatibility,low-temperature co-firing,and high-density interconnects.The findings provide critical insights into the structure-property-processing relationships that define the effectiveness of next-generation packaging materials and offer a roadmap for material selection and system integration in high-reliability electronic applications.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51775334,51821001 and 51701124)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB0701205)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2020M671360)Natural Science Foundation for Young of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20190863)Jiangsu“Mass Innovation and Entrepreneurship”Talent Program(Shuang Chuang Ph.Ds,2018)Open Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites(Grant No.sklmmc-kf18-08).
摘要During the past decades,with the increasing demands in lightweight structural materials,Mg alloys with low density and high performance have been extensively investigated and partly applied in some industries.Especially when rare earth(RE)elements are added as major alloying elements to Mg alloys,the alloy strength and creep resistance are greatly improved,which have promoted several series of Mg-RE alloys.This paper reviews the progress and developments of high-performance Mg-RE alloys in recent years with emphasis on cast alloys.The main contents include the alloy design,melt purification,grain refinement,castability,novel liquid casting and semisolid forming approaches,and the industrial applications or trials made of Mg-RE alloys.The review will provide insights for future developments of new alloys,techniques and applications of Mg alloys.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant No.81360356Scientific Research Foundation of Xinjiang Medical University,Grant No.XJC201221
摘要AIM: To perform plasma free amino acid (PFAA) profiling of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients at different pathological stages and healthy subjects.
基金supported by the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(No.17203514)the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2015A030310282)the Guangzhou Science(Technology)Research Project of China(No.20160701329)
摘要A high-performance concrete (HPC) is required to have superior performance in various aspects such as workability,strength, durability, dimensional stability, segregation stability, and passing ability. The mix design of HPC is rather complicatedbecause the number of ingredients in HPC is usually more than those in conventional concrete and some of the required propertiesare conflicting with each other in the sense that improvement in one property would at the same time cause impairment of anotherproperty. However, there is still lack of understanding regarding how the various mix parameters should be optimised forachieving best overall performance. Most practitioners are still conducting mix design primarily through trial concrete mixing,which is laborious, ineffective, and often unable to timely respond to fluctuations in the properties of raw materials. To addressthese issues, the authors have been developing the packing and film thickness theories of concrete materials, in order to revamp themix design philosophy of HPC in terms of the water film thickness (WFT), paste film thickness (PFT), and mortar film thickness(MFT) in the concrete. Based on the findings from an extensive experimental programme, suitable ranges ofWFT, PFT, and MFThave been recommended.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21776308 and 21908245)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(No.2462018YJRC009)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2018T110187)。
摘要Developing microwave absorption(MA)materials with satisfied comprehensive performance is a great challenge for tackling severe electromagnetic pollution.In particular,the magnetic component/carbon hybrids absorbers always suffer from high filler loading.Herein,we propose a feasible strategy to construct hierarchical porous carbon with tightly embedded Ni nanoparticles(Ni@NPC).These highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles produce strong magnetic coupling networks to enhance magnetic loss abilities.Moreover,the interconnected hierarchical dielectric carbon network affords favorable dipolar/interfacial polarization,conduction loss,multiple reflection and scattering.Impressively,with an ultralow filler loading of 5 wt.%,the resultant Ni@NPC/paraffin composite achieves an excellent MA performance with a minimum reflection loss of as high as-72.4 dB and a broad absorption bandwidth of 5.0 GHz.This capability outperforms most current magnetic-dielectric hybrids counterparts.Furthermore,the MA capacity can be easily tuned with adjustments in thickness,content and type of magnetic material.Thus,this work opens up new avenues for the development of high-performance and lightweight MA materials.
基金The authors are grateful for the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21673131)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2019J01800).
摘要Electrochemical properties of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are mainly hindered by both the insulating nature of elemental sulfur(i.e.,molecular S8)and the shuttling effect or sluggish redox kinetics of lithium polysulfide intermediates(Li2Sn,3≤n≤8).In this paper,a three-dimensional mesoporous reduced graphene oxide-based nanocomposite,with the embedding of metallic Co nanoparticles and the doping of elemental N(Co/NrGO),and its simply ground mixture with powdered S at a mass ratio of 1:6(Co/NrGO/S)are prepared and used as cathode-/separator-coated interlayers and working electrodes in assembled Li-S cells,respectively.One of the effective cell configurations is to paste composite Co/NrGO onto both the S-loading cathode and separator,showing good cycling stability(1070mAh g−1 in the 100th cycle at 0.2 C),highrate capability(835mAh g−1,2.0 C),and excellent durability(905mAh g−1 in the 250th cycle at 0.5 or 0.2 C).Compared with the experimental results of Co-absent NrGO,electrochemical properties of various Co/NrGO-based cell configurations clearly show multiple functions of Co/NrGO,indicating that the absence of Co/NrGO coatings and/or Co nanoparticles may be inadequate to achieve superior S availability of assembled Li-S batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872027)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(FRF-TP-20-014A2)。
摘要All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs) employing sulfide electrolyte and lithium(Li) anode have received increasing attention due to the intrinsic safety and high energy density.However,the thick electrolyte layer and lithium dendrites formed at the electrolyte/Li anode interface hinder the realization of high-performance ASSLBs.Herein,a novel membrane consisting of Li6PS5 Cl(LPSCl),poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO) and Li-salt(LiTFSI) was prepared as sulfide-based composite solid electrolyte(LPSCl-PEO3-LiTFSI)(LPSCl:PEO=97:3 wt/wt;EO:Li=8:1 mol/mol),which delivers high ionic conductivity(1.1 × 10-3 S cm-1) and wide electrochemical window(4.9 V vs.Li+/Li) at 25 ℃.In addition,an ex-situ artificial solid electrolyte interphase(SEI) film enriched with LiF and Li3 N was designed as a protective layer on Li anode(Li(SEI)) to suppress the growth of lithium dendrites.Benefiting from the synergy of sulfide-based composite solid electrolyte and ex-situ artificial SEI,cells of S-CNTs/LPSCI-PEO3-LiTFSI/Li(SEI) and Al2O3@LiNi0.5Co0.3Mn0.2O2/LPSCl-PEO3-LiTFSI/Li(SEI) are assembled and both exhibit high initial discharge capacity of 1221.1 mAh g-1(135.8 mAh g-1) and enhanced cycling stability with 81.6% capacity retention over 200 cycles at 0.05 C(89.2% over 100 cycles at 0.1 C).This work provides a new insight into the synergy of composite solid electrolyte and artificial SEI for achieving high-performance ASSLBs.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.21372015 and 20872006)
摘要A simple, sensible and reliable HPLC-DAD fingerprint analysis method for the raw materials of Oxytropisfalcata and Oxytropis chiliophylla, both of which were used as "Er-Da-Xia" in Tibetan medicines, was developed and then subsequently applied to analyze samples collected from different locations or times. 19 common fingerprint peaks for O. falcata, 24 for O. chiliophylla, and 11 for the two herbs were designated respectively, including 7 identified characteristic peaks existing in both herbs and 1 uniquely presenting in O. chiliophylla. Although there were some slight differences in the chemicals of O. falcata and O. chiliophylla, the main components of both herbs were consistent generally. The results provided scientific basis, at least from the chemical point of view, for the reasonablity of two herbs being used as the same drug in Tibetan medicines and for the necessary of further investigation on their detailed chemical and pharmacological differences.