BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a disease of increasing global prevalence and an important risk factor for the development of insulin resistance,type 2 diabetes,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and ...BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a disease of increasing global prevalence and an important risk factor for the development of insulin resistance,type 2 diabetes,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma,but the pathogenesis is not clear.The aim of this study was to explore the role of ILF3 in NAFLD.AIM To investigate the molecular processes through which ILF3 facilitates the advancement of NAFLD by inhibiting the expression of p-AMPK.This exploration seeks to provide new insights into the etiology of NAFLD and evaluate the potential of ILF3 as a diagnostic marker and potential treatment focus for future interventions.METHODS In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted using HepG2 cells and NAFLD animal models.The effects of ILF3 knockdown on lipid synthesis and triglyceride(TG)secretion were examined by analyzing the expression levels of p-AMPK.Additionally,the roles of ILF3 and the AMPK signaling pathway were verified using techniques such as Western blotting,quantitative reverse transcription PCR,Oil Red O staining,and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS Investigations revealed an increase in ILF3 Levels within both HepG2 cells and animal models of NAFLD,concurrently with a decrease in p-AMPK expression.Knocking down ILF3 activated the AMPK pathway,reducing lipid production and TG secretion in hepatocytes,thereby mitigating the advancement of NAFLD.CONCLUSION ILF3 promotes the evolution of NAFLD by inhibiting the expression of p-AMPK.The knockdown of ILF3 activates the AMPK signaling pathway,alleviating the severity of NAFLD.These findings underscore the function of ILF3 in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and demonstrate its viability as a treatment focus and diagnostic indicator.展开更多
Telomeres are specialized structures at the ends of linear chromosomes that protect genome stability.The telomeric repeat-containing RNA(TERRA)that is transcribed from subtelomeric regions can invade into double-stran...Telomeres are specialized structures at the ends of linear chromosomes that protect genome stability.The telomeric repeat-containing RNA(TERRA)that is transcribed from subtelomeric regions can invade into double-stranded DNA regions and form RNA:DNA hybrid-containing structure called R-loop.In tumor cells,R-loop formation is closely linked to gene expression and the alternative lengthening of telomeres(ALT)pathway.Dysregulated R-loops can cause stalled replication forks and telomere instability.However,how R-loops are recognized and regulated,particularly at telomeres,is not well understood.We discovered that ILF3 selectively associates with telomeric R-loops and safeguards telomeres from abnormal homologous recombination.Knocking out ILF3 results in excessive R-loops at telomeres and triggers telomeric DNA damage responses.In addition,ILF3 deficiency disrupts telomere homeostasis and causes abnormalities in the ALT pathway.Using the proximity-dependent biotin identification(BioID)technology,we mapped the ILF3 interactome and discovered that ILF3 could interact with several DNA/RNA helicases,including DHX9.Importantly,ILF3 may aid in the resolution of telomeric R-loops through its interaction with DHX9.Our findings suggest that ILF3 may function as a reader of telomeric R-loops,helping to prevent abnormal homologous recombination and maintain telomere homeostasis.展开更多
Changes in the immune microenvironment are key features of ischemic heart disease.In particular,excessive inflammatory responses driven by macrophages are the primary cause of myocardial injury,impaired repair and det...Changes in the immune microenvironment are key features of ischemic heart disease.In particular,excessive inflammatory responses driven by macrophages are the primary cause of myocardial injury,impaired repair and deterioration of cardiac function following myocardial infarction(MI).We report that interleukin enhancer binding factor 3(ILF3)is a key regulator that mediates immune responses in macrophages.We found that ILF3 expression was significantly upregulated in macrophages from AMI patients and animal models.This was accompanied by increased levels of inflammation and cardiac dysfunction.ILF3 deficiency in myocardial infarction mice promoted the resolution of inflammatory responses while improving cardiac function and mitigating adverse remodeling.Mechanistically,macrophage ILF3 inhibits Trim21-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of HNRNPA2B1(heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1)at lysine 112 through binding to the RRM1 and RRM2 domains of HNRNPA2B1.The ILF3/HNRNPA2B1 axis enhances the stability of Irak4 mRNA through m6A modification,activating the c-jun/c-fos pathway,leading to early inflammatory responses following MI,and promoting myocardial injury and adverse remodeling after infarction.Finally,our results suggest that targeting HNRNPA2B1 and Irak4 effectively improves myocardial injury and cardiac repair post-MI.In summary,our findings underscore the critical role of macrophage ILF3 in mediating postinfarction inflammation in myocardial injury.These findings suggest that inhibition of macrophage ILF3 may be an important target for the treatment of ischemic myocardial injury and inflammation.展开更多
基金Supported by the Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau Project,No.2022020801020552(to Zhan T)Wuhan Health and Family Planning Commission Medical Research Project,No.WX20M01(to Tian X).
摘要BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a disease of increasing global prevalence and an important risk factor for the development of insulin resistance,type 2 diabetes,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma,but the pathogenesis is not clear.The aim of this study was to explore the role of ILF3 in NAFLD.AIM To investigate the molecular processes through which ILF3 facilitates the advancement of NAFLD by inhibiting the expression of p-AMPK.This exploration seeks to provide new insights into the etiology of NAFLD and evaluate the potential of ILF3 as a diagnostic marker and potential treatment focus for future interventions.METHODS In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted using HepG2 cells and NAFLD animal models.The effects of ILF3 knockdown on lipid synthesis and triglyceride(TG)secretion were examined by analyzing the expression levels of p-AMPK.Additionally,the roles of ILF3 and the AMPK signaling pathway were verified using techniques such as Western blotting,quantitative reverse transcription PCR,Oil Red O staining,and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS Investigations revealed an increase in ILF3 Levels within both HepG2 cells and animal models of NAFLD,concurrently with a decrease in p-AMPK expression.Knocking down ILF3 activated the AMPK pathway,reducing lipid production and TG secretion in hepatocytes,thereby mitigating the advancement of NAFLD.CONCLUSION ILF3 promotes the evolution of NAFLD by inhibiting the expression of p-AMPK.The knockdown of ILF3 activates the AMPK signaling pathway,alleviating the severity of NAFLD.These findings underscore the function of ILF3 in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and demonstrate its viability as a treatment focus and diagnostic indicator.
基金National Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.82271598,81871109,82071587,31930058,32330023 and 32170757)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0107003)Guang Dong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2020A1515010462).
摘要Telomeres are specialized structures at the ends of linear chromosomes that protect genome stability.The telomeric repeat-containing RNA(TERRA)that is transcribed from subtelomeric regions can invade into double-stranded DNA regions and form RNA:DNA hybrid-containing structure called R-loop.In tumor cells,R-loop formation is closely linked to gene expression and the alternative lengthening of telomeres(ALT)pathway.Dysregulated R-loops can cause stalled replication forks and telomere instability.However,how R-loops are recognized and regulated,particularly at telomeres,is not well understood.We discovered that ILF3 selectively associates with telomeric R-loops and safeguards telomeres from abnormal homologous recombination.Knocking out ILF3 results in excessive R-loops at telomeres and triggers telomeric DNA damage responses.In addition,ILF3 deficiency disrupts telomere homeostasis and causes abnormalities in the ALT pathway.Using the proximity-dependent biotin identification(BioID)technology,we mapped the ILF3 interactome and discovered that ILF3 could interact with several DNA/RNA helicases,including DHX9.Importantly,ILF3 may aid in the resolution of telomeric R-loops through its interaction with DHX9.Our findings suggest that ILF3 may function as a reader of telomeric R-loops,helping to prevent abnormal homologous recombination and maintain telomere homeostasis.
基金supported by the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82370455,82570552)the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82430014)+1 种基金the Beijing Nova Program(20220484151)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2025MS1383).
摘要Changes in the immune microenvironment are key features of ischemic heart disease.In particular,excessive inflammatory responses driven by macrophages are the primary cause of myocardial injury,impaired repair and deterioration of cardiac function following myocardial infarction(MI).We report that interleukin enhancer binding factor 3(ILF3)is a key regulator that mediates immune responses in macrophages.We found that ILF3 expression was significantly upregulated in macrophages from AMI patients and animal models.This was accompanied by increased levels of inflammation and cardiac dysfunction.ILF3 deficiency in myocardial infarction mice promoted the resolution of inflammatory responses while improving cardiac function and mitigating adverse remodeling.Mechanistically,macrophage ILF3 inhibits Trim21-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of HNRNPA2B1(heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1)at lysine 112 through binding to the RRM1 and RRM2 domains of HNRNPA2B1.The ILF3/HNRNPA2B1 axis enhances the stability of Irak4 mRNA through m6A modification,activating the c-jun/c-fos pathway,leading to early inflammatory responses following MI,and promoting myocardial injury and adverse remodeling after infarction.Finally,our results suggest that targeting HNRNPA2B1 and Irak4 effectively improves myocardial injury and cardiac repair post-MI.In summary,our findings underscore the critical role of macrophage ILF3 in mediating postinfarction inflammation in myocardial injury.These findings suggest that inhibition of macrophage ILF3 may be an important target for the treatment of ischemic myocardial injury and inflammation.