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Quantitative real-time PCR in the diagnosis of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients:Diagnostic performance,clinical utility,and future directions 认领 引用
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作者 Meganathan Karthikeyan Praveen Kumar Chandra Sekar Ramakrishnan Veerabathiran 《Infectious Diseases & Immunity》 CSCD 2026年第3期226-235,共10页
Opportunistic infections(OIs)remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised individuals,and delayed or inaccurate diagnosis can rapidly lead to adverse clinical outcomes.This narrative review ... Opportunistic infections(OIs)remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised individuals,and delayed or inaccurate diagnosis can rapidly lead to adverse clinical outcomes.This narrative review critically evaluates the diagnostic performance,clinical utility,and evolving applications of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)for detecting opportunistic pathogens in vulnerable patient populations.Evidence across bacterial,fungal,viral,and parasitic infections demonstrates that qPCR consistently surpasses conventional culture-and serology-based methods in sensitivity,specificity,and turnaround time,particularly in cases of low pathogen burden or prior antimicrobial exposure.Its quantitative capability enables dynamic pathogen load monitoring and facilitates timely,targeted therapeutic interventions.However,limitations such as assay variability,incomplete standardization,and challenges in distinguishing colonization from active infection in polymicrobial contexts persist.Ongoing advances in multiplex technologies,digital PCR,and integrative data-driven diagnostics are expected to further refine clinical implementation.Collectively,qPCR has evolved from a supplemental assay to a cornerstone technology in precision diagnostics for OIs in immunocompromised patients. 展开更多
关键词 Opportunistic infections Immunocompromised patients Real-time PCR Molecular diagnostics Multiplex PCR
Recurrence of acyclovir-resistant herpes encephalitis in an immunocompromised patient:A case report 认领 引用
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作者 Daisuke Usuda Daiki Furukawa +23 位作者 Rikako Imaizumi Rikuo Ono Yuki Kaneoka Eri Nakajima Masashi Kato Yuto Sugawara Runa Shimizu Tomotari Inami Kenji Kawai Shun Matsubara Risa Tanaka Makoto Suzuki Shintaro Shimozawa Yuta Hotchi Ippei Osugi Risa Katou Sakurako Ito Kentaro Mishima Akihiko Kondo Keiko Mizuno Hiroki Takami Takayuki Komatsu Tomohisa Nomura Manabu Sugita 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 2025年第34期21-29,共9页
BACKGROUND Acyclovir(ACV)-resistant herpes simplex virus(HSV)strains have emerged and gradually increased in number.Prolonged treatment,such as for immunocompromised patients,has been observed on many occasions to lea... BACKGROUND Acyclovir(ACV)-resistant herpes simplex virus(HSV)strains have emerged and gradually increased in number.Prolonged treatment,such as for immunocompromised patients,has been observed on many occasions to lead to the development of resistance.Additionally,some strains of HSV exist that are ACV resistant,and they can cause severe complications that may be impossible to treat with current therapies.We report the first case of ACV-resistant herpes encephalitis(ARHE)recurring in an immunocompromised adult patient without neurosurgical intervention.CASE SUMMARY A 58-year-old man with a fever of 38°C had tremors.Evaluation revealed 14 points on the Glasgow Coma Scale with 39°C fever but unremarkable physical examination.Diagnosis was infection of unknown origin;fever continued,and the Glasgow Coma Scale worsened to 8.Imaging showing a high-intensity area between the left temporal lobe and insular cortex suggested herpes encephalitis.ACV was started.Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)was positive for HSV DNA,confirming the diagnosis.However,unresolved symptoms suggested ARHE;therefore,we initiated vidarabine treatment.Later testing confirmed ARHE.Foscarnet was started based on a hospital day 25 blood test revealing pancytopenia,possibly from vidarabine.Consciousness improved,and the patient moved to rehabilitation.However,symptoms worsened,suggesting recurrence.Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed a high high-intensity area around the right temporal lobe;CSF was positive for HSV DNA,confirming recurrent herpes encephalitis.ACV and foscarnet were initiated.Fever decreased,consciousness improved,and HSV DNA on hospital days 78 and 93 was CSF negative.Treatment was terminated on hospital day 86.CONCLUSION ARHE recurred in the patient following remission;therefore,it is necessary to discuss the length of the treatment period. 展开更多
关键词 Acyclovir-resistant herpes encephalitis Recurrence Immunocompromised status Neurosurgical interventions Treatment Case report
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Remission of primary low-grade gastric lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type in immunocompromised pediatric patients 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 Yasuharu Ohno Taichirou Kosaka +4 位作者 Izumi Muraoka Takashi Kanematsu Akira Tsuru Eiichi Kinoshita Hiroyuki Moriuchi 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2006年第16期2625-2628,共4页
We report the remission of primary gastric lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue （MALT） type in two immunocompromised pediatric patients. Patient 1, a 14-year-old boy in an immunocompromised state of unk... We report the remission of primary gastric lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue （MALT） type in two immunocompromised pediatric patients. Patient 1, a 14-year-old boy in an immunocompromised state of unknown cause, complained of repeated abdominal pain. Examinations revealed gastric MALT with local invasion and lymph node involvement. Serum anti-Helicobacter pylori （H pylon） antibody was positive. H pylori eradication was abandoned due to its adverse effects. The MALT lesion spontaneously regressed over the next 24 months without any treatment for lymphoma. Patient 2, a 6-year-old boy, underwent cord blood transplantation for the treatment of adrenoleukodystrophy. He was administered immunosuppressants for graft-versus-host disease after transplantation. Nausea and hematochezia appeared and further examinations revealed gastric MALT with H pylori gastritis. Treatment consisting of medication for the Hpylori infection alone eradicated the Hpylori and completely resolved the patient＇s MALT lesion, as well. Patients i and 2 were followed up over periods of 10 years and 3 years, respectively, without any signs of relapse. In conclusion, gastric lymphoma of the MALT type can be cured by conservative treatment even in immunocompromised pediatric patients. 展开更多
关键词 Pediatric gastric lymphoma IVlucosa-associated lymphoid tissue Immunocompromised states
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Impact of next-generation sequencing on antimicrobial treatment in immunocompromised adults with suspected infections 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Jia Li Jiazhen Luo +3 位作者 Tao Hu Ling Cheng Weiwei Shang Li Yan 《World Journal of Emergency Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期105-110,共6页
BACKGROUND:Prompt pathogen identification can have a substantial impact on the optimization of antimicrobial treatment.The objective of the study was to assess the diagnostic value of next-generation sequencing(NGS)fo... BACKGROUND:Prompt pathogen identification can have a substantial impact on the optimization of antimicrobial treatment.The objective of the study was to assess the diagnostic value of next-generation sequencing(NGS)for identifying pathogen and its clinical impact on antimicrobial intervention in immunocompromised patients with suspected infections.METHODS:This was a retrospective study.Between January and August 2020,47 adult immunocompromised patients underwent NGS testing under the following clinical conditions:1)prolonged fever and negative conventional cultures;2)new-onset fever despite empiric antimicrobial treatment;and 3)afebrile with suspected infections on imaging.Clinical data,including conventional microbial test results and antimicrobial treatment before and after NGS,were collected.Data were analyzed according to documented changes in antimicrobial treatment(escalated,no change,or deescalated)after the NGS results.RESULTS:The median time from hospitalization to NGS sampling was 19 d.Clinically relevant pathogens were detected via NGS in 61.7% of patients(29/47),more than half of whom suffered from fungemia(n=17),resulting in an antimicrobial escalation in 53.2% of patients(25/47)and antimicrobial de-escalation in 0.2% of patients(1/47).Antimicrobial changes were mostly due to the identification of fastidious organisms such as Legionella,Pneumocystis jirovecii,and Candida.In the remaining three cases,NGS detected clinically relevant pathogens also detected by conventional cultures a few days later.The antimicrobial treatment was subsequently adjusted according to the susceptibility test results.Overall,NGS changed antimicrobial management in 55.3%(26/47)of patients,and conventional culture detected clinically relevant pathogens in 14.9% of the patients(7/47).CONCLUSION:With its rapid identification and high sensitivity,NGS could be a promising tool for identifying relevant pathogens and enabling rapid appropriate treatment in immunocompromised patients with suspected infections. 展开更多
关键词 Immunocompromised patients Next-generation sequencing Antimicrobial management
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Hepatitis E in immunocompromised individuals 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 Konstantinos Damiris Mohamad Aghaie Meybodi +1 位作者 Mumtaz Niazi Nikolaos Pyrsopoulos 《World Journal of Hepatology》 2022年第3期482-494,共13页
Hepatitis E virus(HEV)originally identified as a cause of acute icteric hepatitis in developing countries has grown to be a cause of zoonotic viral hepatitis in developed countries such as the United States.While ther... Hepatitis E virus(HEV)originally identified as a cause of acute icteric hepatitis in developing countries has grown to be a cause of zoonotic viral hepatitis in developed countries such as the United States.While there are eight identified genotypes to date,genotype 1(HEV1),HEV2,HEV3,HEV4 are the most common to infect humans.HEV1 and HEV2 are most common in developing countries including Latina America,Africa and Asia,and are commonly transmitted through contaminated water supplies leading to regional outbreaks.In contrast HEV3 and HEV4 circulate freely in many mammalian animals and can lead to occasional transmission to humans through fecal contamination or consumption of undercooked meat.The incidence and prevalence of HEV in the United States is undetermined given the absence of FDA approved serological assays and the lack of commercially available testing.In majority of cases,HEV infection is a selflimiting hepatitis requiring only symptomatic treatment.However,this is not the case in immunocompromised individuals,including those that have undergone solid organ or stem cell transplantation.In this subset of patients,chronic infection can be life threatening as hepatic insult can lead to inflammation and fibrosis with subsequent cirrhosis and death.The need for re-transplantation as a result of post-transplant hepatitis is of great concern.In addition,there have been many reported incidents of extrahepatic manifestations,for which the exact mechanisms remain to be elucidated.The cornerstone of treatment in immunocompromised solid organ transplant recipients is reduction of immunosuppressive therapies,while attempting to minimize the risk of organ rejection.Subsequent treatment options include ribavirin,and pegylated interferon alpha in those who have demonstrated ribavirin resistance.Further investigation assessing safety and efficacy of anti-viral therapy is imperative given the rising global health burden.Given this concern,vaccination has been approved in China with other investigations underway throughout the world.In this review we introduce the epidemiology,diagnosis,clinical manifestations,and treatment of HEV,with emphasis on immunocompromised individuals in the United States. 展开更多
关键词 Hepatitis E Hepatitis E virus Chronic hepatitis Acute hepatitis Immunocompromised Liver transplant
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Parasites may exit immunocompromised northern pig-tailed macaques (Macaca leonina)infected with SIVmac239 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 tian-zhang song ming-xu zhang +3 位作者 yu-jie xia yu xiao wei pang yong-tang zheng 《Zoological Research》 SCIE CSCD 2018年第1期42-51,共10页
Parasites can increase infection rates and pathogenicity in immunocompromised human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） patients. However, in vitro studies and epidemiological investigations also suggest that parasites mig... Parasites can increase infection rates and pathogenicity in immunocompromised human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） patients. However, in vitro studies and epidemiological investigations also suggest that parasites might escape immunocompromised hosts during HIV infection Due to the lack of direct evidence from animal experiments, the effects of immunocompromised hosts parasitic infections on remain unclear. Here we detected 14 different parasites in six northern pig-tailed macaques （NPMs） before or at the 50th week of simian immunodeficiency virus （SIV） infection by ELISA. The NPMs all carried parasites before viral injection. At the 50th week after viral injection, the individuals with negative results in parasitic detection （i.e., 08247 and 08287） were characterized as the Parasites Exit （PE） group, with the other individuals （i.e., 09203, 09211, 10205, and 10225） characterized as the Parasites Remain （PR） group. Compared with the PR group, the NPMs in the PE group showed higher viral loads, lower CD4＋ T cells counts, and lower CD4/CD8 rates. Additionally, the PE group had higher immune activation and immune exhaustion of both CD4~ and CD8~ T cells. Pathological observation showed greater injury to the liver, cecum, colon, spleen, and mesenteric lymph nodes in the PE group This study showed more seriously compromised immunity in the PE group, strongly indicating that parasites might exit an immunocompromised host. 展开更多
关键词 AIDS Immunocompromised Northernpig-tailed macaque Parasite SIVmac239
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Successively bilateral cytomegalovirus retinitis in immunocompromised patient with Good's syndrome 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Feng Hu Yuan Du Xiao-Yan Peng 《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 SCIE CAS 2018年第12期2021-2023,共3页
Dear Editor,I am Dr. Feng Hu, from the Department of Ophthalmology of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China. I write to present a case report of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) in Good’s syndrome (GS).GS is an ex... Dear Editor,I am Dr. Feng Hu, from the Department of Ophthalmology of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China. I write to present a case report of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) in Good’s syndrome (GS).GS is an extremely rare primary immune-deficiency syndrome,which consists of simultaneous occurrence of 展开更多
关键词 In Successively bilateral cytomegalovirus retinitis in immunocompromised patient with Good’s syndrome Figure
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Ileocolonic mucormycosis in adult immunocompromised patients:A surgeon's perspective 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Oswens Siu-Hung Lo Wai-Lun Law 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2010年第9期1165-1170,共6页
We report three cases of ileocolic mucormycosis in adult immunocompromised patients presenting as acute abdomen.All patients underwent laparotomy but two of them died from multiorgan failure before the diagnoses were ... We report three cases of ileocolic mucormycosis in adult immunocompromised patients presenting as acute abdomen.All patients underwent laparotomy but two of them died from multiorgan failure before the diagnoses were confirmed.The diagnosis of gastrointestinal mucormycosis is rarely suspected,and antemortem diagnosis is made in only 25%-50% of cases.These cases illustrate the difficulty encountered by surgeons in managing acute abdomen in neutropenic patients with hematological malignancy.The management of colonic mucormycosis in the published literature is also reviewed. 展开更多
关键词 Gastrointestinal mucormycosis Colon Immunocompromised Surgery
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Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumors in immunocompromised patients:Six case reports 认领 引用 被引量：3
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作者 Afshin A Khan Bassam N Estfan +5 位作者 Anirudh Yalamanchali Djibril Niang Erica C Savage Clifton G Fulmer Hailey L Gosnell Jamak Modaresi Esfeh 《World Journal of Clinical Oncology》 2022年第6期540-552,共13页
BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus associated smooth muscle tumor(EBV-SMT)is a rare oncological entity.However,there is an increasing incidence of EBV-SMTs,as the frequency of organ transplantation and immunosuppression gr... BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus associated smooth muscle tumor(EBV-SMT)is a rare oncological entity.However,there is an increasing incidence of EBV-SMTs,as the frequency of organ transplantation and immunosuppression grows.EBV-SMT diagnosis relies on histopathology and immunochemical staining to distinguish it from post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder(PTLD).There is no clear consensus on the treatment of EBV-SMTs.However,surgical resection,chemotherapy,radiation therapy,and immunosuppression reduction have been explored with varying degrees of success.CASE SUMMARY Our case series includes six cases of EBV-SMTs across different age groups,with different treatment modalities,adding to the limited existing literature on this rare tumor.The median latency time between immunosuppression and disease diagnosis is four years.EBV-SMTs present with variable degrees of aggressiveness and seem to have worse clinical outcomes in patients with tumor multiplicity and worse immunocompetency.CONCLUSION It is imperative to continue building on this knowledge and keeping EBV-SMTs on the differential in immunocompromised individuals. 展开更多
关键词 Epstein-Barr virus Smooth muscle tumors Human immunodeficiency virus Epstein-Barr virusassociated smooth muscle tumors Immunocompromised Solid Organ Transplant Orthotopic heart transplant Orthotopic liver transplant Living related kidney transplant Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders Case report
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Disseminated strongyloidiasis in an immunocompromised host:A case report 认领 引用
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作者 Nurul Suhaiza Hassanudin Zubaidah Abdul Wahab +1 位作者 Khalid Ibrahim Fadzilah Mohd Nor 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》 SCIE CAS 2017年第6期587-590,共4页
Infections caused by Strongyloides stercoralis(S.stercoralis) in human are generally asymptomatic,however in immunocompromised individual,hyperinfection may develop with dissemination of larvae to extra-intestinal org... Infections caused by Strongyloides stercoralis(S.stercoralis) in human are generally asymptomatic,however in immunocompromised individual,hyperinfection may develop with dissemination of larvae to extra-intestinal organs.The diagnosis could be easily missed due to asymptomatic presentation and insufficient exposure towards the infection itself,which may lead to low index of suspicion as a consequence.In this report,a case of a Malaysian male with underlying diabetes mellitus,hypertension,cerebrovascular accident,bullous pemphigus and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion who initially complained of generalized body weakness and poor appetite without any history suggestive of sepsis is presented.However,he developed septicemic shock later,and S.stercoralis larvae was incidentally found in the tracheal aspirate that was sent to look for acid fast bacilli.Regardless of aggressive resuscitation,the patient succumbed due to pulmonary hemorrhage and acute respiratory distress syndrome.It was revealed that the current case has alarmed us via incidental finding of S.stercoralis larvae in the tracheal aspirate,indicating that the importance of the disease should be emphasized in certain parts of the world and population respectively. 展开更多
关键词 Disseminated strongyloidiasis Immunocompromised host Hyperinfection Strongyloides stercoralis
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Prevalence of adenovirus and rotavirus infection in immunocompromised patients with acute gastroenteritis in Portugal 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Joana Ribeiro Delfim Ferreira +3 位作者 Célia Arrabalde Sandra Almeida Inês Baldaque Hugo Sousa 《World Journal of Virology》 2015年第4期372-376,共5页
AIM: To characterize the prevalence of rotavirus(RV) and adenovirus(Ad V) infections in immunocompromised patients with acute gastroenteritis. METHODS: The presence of RV and Ad V(serotypes 40 and 41) was evaluated in... AIM: To characterize the prevalence of rotavirus(RV) and adenovirus(Ad V) infections in immunocompromised patients with acute gastroenteritis. METHODS: The presence of RV and Ad V(serotypes 40 and 41) was evaluated in 509 stool samples obtained between January 2009 and December 2010 from 200 immunocompromised patients(83 females and 117 males; median age 21 years old, range 0-72. The diagnosis of infection was performed as a routine procedure and the presence of RV and Ad V(serotypes 40 and 41) was determined by immunochromatography using the RIDA&#174; Quick Rota-Adeno-Kombi kit(r-Biopharm, Darmstadt, Germany). The data analysis and description of seasonal frequencies were performed using computer software IBM&#174; SPSS&#174;(Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Statistics version 20.0 for Mac. The frequencies of infection were compared into different age and gender groups by χ2 test.RESULTS: The study revealed 12.4% Ad V positive samples and 0.8% RV positive samples, which correspond to a prevalence of 6.5% and 1.5%, respectively. Ad V was more frequent between October 2009 and April 2010, while RV was identified in April 2010 and July 2010. The stool analysis revealed that from the 509 samples, 63(12.4%) were positive for Ad V and 4(0.8%) positive for RV, which by resuming the informationof each patient, lead to an overall prevalence of Ad V and RV of 6.5%(13/200 patients) and 1.5%(3/200 patients), respectively. The stratification of the analysis regarding age groups showed a tendency to an increased prevalence of infection in paediatric patients between 0-10 years old. Considering the seasonal distribution of these infections, our study revealed that Ad V infection was more frequent between October 2009 and April 2010, while RV infection was characterized by two distinct peaks(April 2010 and July 2010). CONCLUSION: The overall prevalence of Ad V and RV infection in immunocompromised patients with acute gastroenteritis was 8% and Ad V was the most prevalent agent. 展开更多
关键词 Viral gastroenteritis Adenovirus Rotavirus Immunocompromised host Stool samples
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Prevalence of Drug Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Immunocompromised Diabetic Patients Attending Selected Health Facilities in Benue State 认领 引用
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作者 Isaac Ilesanma Adeoti Grace Mwuese Gberikon +1 位作者 Innocent Okonkwo Ogbonna Tersagh Smart Ichor 《Advances in Microbiology》 CAS 2024年第1期77-91,共15页
Escherichia coli is the commonest bacterial uropathogen of UTIs, the commonest infections in immunocompromised diabetic patients. Better understanding of their main resistance mechanisms to commonly used antibacterial... Escherichia coli is the commonest bacterial uropathogen of UTIs, the commonest infections in immunocompromised diabetic patients. Better understanding of their main resistance mechanisms to commonly used antibacterial agents will help to reduce the burden of this infection. The prevalence of drug resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from immunocompromised diabetic patients attending selected health facilities in Benue State was investigated. Two hundred and ninety-six midstream urine samples were collected for both study and control diabetic patients. Bacterial isolation was done using semi-quantitative method. Drug resistant Escherichia coli were identified as multidrug resistant (MDR), extensive drug resistant (XDR) and pan-drug resistant organisms (PDR). Statistical significance was considered at p E. coli isolates from the study and control subjects with overall prevalence of 20.9% and 8.4% respectively. The isolates were highly resistant to penicillin (ampicillin), monobactam (aztreonam), older quinolone (nalidixic acid) whereas the majority of them showed high susceptibility to aminoglycoside (streptomycin), cephalosporin (cefotaxime) and carbapenem (imipenem). None showed complete susceptibility to all the tested antibiotics. Twenty-five E. coli were identified in this MDR, eight, XDR while 5 were PDR. High numbers of drug resistant E. coli isolates were identified in the study group of which 25 were MDR, 8 XDR while 5 were PDR isolates. High prevalence of UTI and drug resistant isolates occur in diabetic patients with hyperglycemic condition. 展开更多
关键词 Urinary Tract Infection Immunocompromised Diabetic Mellitus Antibiotic Resistance Escherichia coli
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In Vitro Study on Virulence Potentials of Burkholderia pseudomallei Isolated from Immunocompromised Patients 认领 引用
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作者 Hadeel Tawfiq Al-Hadithi Rana Muhammad Abdulnabi 《Journal of Life Sciences》 2012年第10期1109-1116,共8页
Eighty four throat swabs were obtained from Basrah General Hospital inpatients （N = 34）： 17 were suffering from renal failure and the other 17 were diabetics; and from outpatients （N = 50）. Throat swabs were cult... Eighty four throat swabs were obtained from Basrah General Hospital inpatients （N = 34）： 17 were suffering from renal failure and the other 17 were diabetics; and from outpatients （N = 50）. Throat swabs were cultured first in the selective media Ashdown＇s broth then subcultured on Ashdown＇s agar to isolate Burkholderia pseudomallei which was recovered from seven cases （8.33%）. Four isolates were from renal failure patients （23.53%）, two from diabetic patients （11.76%） and the seventh isolate was from an outpatient with tonsillitis. All isolates were able to produce capsules, form filament chains, exhibit swarming motility and were arabinose non assimilators （Ara-） indicative of their virulence. Additionally, isolated B. pseudomallei were found to produce protease, lipase, hemolysin, and lecithinase and were able to produce biofilm, the root of many troublesome persistent infections that resist antibiotic treatment. Susceptibility of the seven isolates of B. pseudomallei toward 11 antibiotics was assessed, isolates were found multiply resistant to all antibiotics apart from ciproflaxin. This study confirms for the first time isolation of B. pseudomallei from immunocompromised patients in Basrah city of Iraq and describes their virulence potentials. 展开更多
关键词 B. pseudomallei virulence potentials biofilm antibiotic susceptibility immunocompromised patients.
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Histoplasmosis misdiagnosed as malignancies in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Ofonime E.Benjamin Thelma E.Bassey +5 位作者 Chimaobi I.Nwagboso Asukwo Onukak Anthony C.Nlemadim Bernard B.Akpu David Elem Bassey E.Ekeng 《hLife》 CSCD 2025年第8期386-390,共5页
Histoplasmosis is a serious fungal disease commonly reported in the Americas,Southeast Asia,and sub-Saharan Africa[1].The classical or American type is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum var.capsulatum while African his... Histoplasmosis is a serious fungal disease commonly reported in the Americas,Southeast Asia,and sub-Saharan Africa[1].The classical or American type is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum var.capsulatum while African histoplasmosis is caused by H.capsulatum var.duboisii[2]. 展开更多
关键词 histoplasma capsulatum misdiagnosis immunocompromised patients histoplasmosis malignancies immunocompetent patients
Clinical characteristics of immunocompromised patients infected with COVID-19 认领 引用
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作者 LI Shengnan 《China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine)》 2025年第2期87-88,共2页
Objective To analyze the clinical featuresof COVID-19 infection in hospitalized immunocompromised patients in comparison with immunocompetent patients.Methods A single-center retrospective observational study was cond... Objective To analyze the clinical featuresof COVID-19 infection in hospitalized immunocompromised patients in comparison with immunocompetent patients.Methods A single-center retrospective observational study was conducted on 213 inpatients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the Peking University People's Hospital between December 2022 and October 2023.They were divided into an immunocompromised group(102 patients,47.9%)and an immunocompetent group(111 patients,52.1%),and clinical data were compared between the two groups.The immunocompromised group was further divided into death group(18 cases,17.6%)and nondeath group(84 cases,82.4%).The differences in laboratory examination findings were compared.Further analysis was performed on the lymphocyte subset differences between the death group(10 patients,9.8%)and the non-death group(36 patients,35.3%)with complete data.Results The proportion of severe and critical cases and the mortality rate,were significantly higher in the immunocompromised group than the immunocompetent group(47.1%vs.40.5%,18.6%vs.9.0%,17.6%us.9.0%,P<0.05).The immunocompromised group had lower vaccination rate(26.5%vs.44.1%,P<0.05).Hypertension,kidney disease and infections were more common in the immunocompromised group(63.7%us.48.6%,30.4%us.9.0%,49.0%vs.19.8%,all P<0.05).CT findings of consolidation(40.2%us.18.9%),rate of antiviral treatment(48.0%vs.30.6%)and the positive duration of viral nucleic acid[median 14(7.0,19.3)days us.9(7.0,18.0)days]were higher in the immunocomprised group(all P<0.05).Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),Fprocalcitonin(PCT),interleukin-6(IL-6)and ferritin were higher in the immunocompromised group thanthose inthe immunocompetent group(all P<0.05).In the death group,neutrophils(NEU),C-reactive protein(CRP),PCT,IL-6,ferritin and D-dimer were higher,while lymphocytes(LY),CD4+T-cells,CD8+T-cells,B-cell counts and hemoglobin(HGB)were significantly lower than those in the non-death group(all P<0.05).Conclusion More than 60%of patients in the immunocompromised group are classified as severoe r critical type,with a higher mortality rate and decreased ability to clear severe acuterespiratorySsyndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Decreasesintotal lymphocytes,CD4+T lymphocytes,CD8+T lymphocytes,and B lymphocytes,along with elevated levels of procalcitonin,ferritin,and D-dimer,indicate poor prognosis. 展开更多
关键词 Laboratory Examination Retrospective Study Hospitalized Patients Clinical Features Immunocompetent Patients immunocompromised patients Immunocompromised Patients COVID
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Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to Edwardsiella tarda in an immuno-compromised dialysis patient:A case report and review of literature 认领 引用
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作者 Daisuke Usuda Daiki Furukawa +23 位作者 Rikako Imaizumi Rikuo Ono Yuki Kaneoka Eri Nakajima Masashi Kato Yuto Sugawara Runa Shimizu Tomotari Inami Kenji Kawai Shun Matsubara Risa Tanaka Makoto Suzuki Shintaro Shimozawa Yuta Hotchi Ippei Osugi Risa Katou Sakurako Ito Kentaro Mishima Akihiko Kondo Keiko Mizuno Hiroki Takami Takayuki Komatsu Tomohisa Nomura Manabu Sugita 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 2026年第1期34-42,共9页
BACKGROUND Edwardsiella tarda(E.tarda)belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and is generally seen to cause infections mainly in fish,but is also capable of infecting humans.Extraintestinal infections occur in patie... BACKGROUND Edwardsiella tarda(E.tarda)belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and is generally seen to cause infections mainly in fish,but is also capable of infecting humans.Extraintestinal infections occur in patients with certain risk factors,including immunocompromised status.We recently diagnosed a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP)due to E.tarda in an immuno-compromised dialysis patient.CASE SUMMARY Patient was a 55-year-old male,with a history of diabetic nephropathy being treated with hemodialysis three times a week.He was referred to our hospital due to an increased volume of ascites,and blood examination revealed increased inflammatory reaction.At our emergency department,he developed fever,disturbance of consciousness,abdominal distension,and abdomen-wide pain.In addition,a dialysis shunt was confirmed in his right forearm,and the shunt site showed no signs of inflammation.No wounds were confirmed on or in his body.A blood examination revealed increased values of white blood cells,C-reactive protein,and creatinine.Plain chest and abdominal computed tomography scanning revealed increased ascites volume.Abdominal paracentesis was performed and a Gram stain revealed Gramnegative bacillus.These findings prompted diagnosis of SBP.The patient was admitted and treated with cefmetazole,causing fever resolution and symptom improvements.Later,E.tarda was identified in ascites culture.The patient improved with decreased inflammatory response and was discharged on the 12th day of hospitalization.The antibiotic was terminated after 14 days of treatment.SBP in this case may have developed from chronic renal failure and diabetes mellitus.CONCLUSION We report the first known case of SBP due to E.tarda in an immuno-compromised dialysis patient. 展开更多
关键词 Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Edwardsiella tarda Immunocompromised status Hemodialysis Treatment Case report
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Disseminated Nocardia farcinica post haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A case report 认领 引用
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作者 Anik Trivedi Nayana Shah +7 位作者 Reetu Jain Sunil Chopade Mala Kaneria Ganapathi Bhat Samir Shah Kapil Rathi Ira Dhamdere Abhishek Mehta 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine》 SCIE CAS 2026年第3期138-140,共3页
Rationale:Nocardiosis is an uncommon but serious opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients,particularly following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT).Nocardia farcinica is notable for its virule... Rationale:Nocardiosis is an uncommon but serious opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients,particularly following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT).Nocardia farcinica is notable for its virulence and tendency to cause disseminated disease.Patient concerns:A female HSCT recipient presented several months post-transplant with progressive left shoulder pain unresponsive to conservative management.Diagnosis:Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an abscess involving the acromioclavicular joint and surrounding musculature.Histopathology showed filamentous,branching Gram-positive bacilli,and microbiological identification confirmed Nocardia farcinica.Chest imaging demonstrated pulmonary involvement consistent with disseminated nocardiosis.Interventions:Combination antimicrobial therapy with imipenem,amikacin,and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was initiated,followed by prolonged oral therapy.Outcomes:The patient achieved complete clinical and radiological resolution with no relapse.Lessons:Early recognition and timely initiation of appropriate combination antimicrobial therapy are essential for favourable outcomes in disseminated nocardiosis after HSCT. 展开更多
关键词 Nocardia farcinica Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation Disseminated nocardiosis Musculoskeletal infection Immunocompromised host Case report
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Peritonitis due to Mycobacterium mucogenicum in an end-stage renal failure patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis 认领 引用
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作者 Noralia Nordin Nor Azlina Ahmad +2 位作者 Fairuz Ridzlan A.Rashid Nur Diyanah Binti Mohd Salim Nor Izzah Mazan 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine》 SCIE CAS 2026年第3期143-144,共2页
Mycobacterium(M.)mucogenicum,a species that belongs to a collective group of non-tuberculous mycobacteria,has shown a rising trend as an opportunistic pathogen,particularly in immunocompromised patients[1,2].However,i... Mycobacterium(M.)mucogenicum,a species that belongs to a collective group of non-tuberculous mycobacteria,has shown a rising trend as an opportunistic pathogen,particularly in immunocompromised patients[1,2].However,its isolation and clinical importance have not been widely discussed,especially in Malaysian healthcare settings.We report a case of M.mucogenicum peritonitis in an end-stage renal failure patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(CAPD).The patient presented with nonspecific abdominal pain and cloudy dialysate. 展开更多
关键词 peritonitis ambulatory peritoneal dialysis capd continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis immunocompromised patients end stage renal failure Mycobacterium mucogenicum non tuberculous mycobacteria opportunistic pathogenparticularly
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Epstein-Barr virus infection in children with liver transplantation 认领 引用
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作者 Norrapat Onpoaree Nattinee Leelakanok +1 位作者 Anapat Sanpavat Palittiya Sintusek 《World Journal of Hepatology》 2026年第2期63-78,共16页
Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection commonly occurs in children,particularly in developing countries.Most children infected with EBV are asymptomatic,though some develop significant complications,including EBV-associated... Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection commonly occurs in children,particularly in developing countries.Most children infected with EBV are asymptomatic,though some develop significant complications,including EBV-associated malignancies,hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis,and multiple sclerosis.In immunocompromised children,including those with liver transplantation,EBV infection manifests with a diverse spectrum of presentations,varying from asymptomatic to post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder,which can evolve into lymphoma.Therefore,close monitoring,early detection,and prompt management are crucial.This review aimed to investigate the pathogenesis and manifestations of EBV in healthy children and those who underwent liver transplantation.The proposed algorithm for early EBV detection and management,along with case studies,is provided to help pediatricians increase their index of suspicion. 展开更多
关键词 Epstein-Barr virus Liver transplantation Infection Children Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder Lymphoma Pediatric Immunosuppressive drug Immunocompromised Rituximab
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Use of real-time polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in immunocompromised patients: a meta-analysis 认领 引用 被引量：7
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作者 Hanssa Summah ZHU Ying-gang +2 位作者 Matthew E Falagas Evridiki K Vouloumanou QU Jie-ming 《Chinese Medical Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第10期1965-1973,共9页
Background The diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia （PCP） in immunocompromised patients is still challenging today due to the absence of an in vitro culture system and the low diagnostic accuracy of microscopic exami... Background The diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia （PCP） in immunocompromised patients is still challenging today due to the absence of an in vitro culture system and the low diagnostic accuracy of microscopic examinations. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the accuracy of real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） in the diagnosis of PCP. Methods We searched Web of Knowledge and Medline from 1990 to May 2010 for studies reporting diagnostic accuracy data regarding the use of real-time PCR in the diagnosis of PCP in immunocompromised patients. Results Ten individual studies were included. Overall, the sensitivity of real-time PCR was 97% （95% CI： 93%-99%）; the specificity was 94% （95% CI： 90%-96%）. The area under the HSROC curve （95% CO for real-time PCR was 0.99 （0.97-0.99）. In a subgroup analysis regarding studies involving HIV patients among the study population, the sensitivity and specificity were 97% （95% CI： 93%-99%） and 93% （95% CI： 89%-96%）, respectively. Regarding studies using Bronchoalveolar lavage （BAL） samples only： sensitivity =98% （95% CI： 94%-99%）; specificity =93% （95% CI： 89%- 96%）, respectively. Regarding studies using microscopy as a reference standard： sensitivity =97% （95% CI： 92%-99%）; specificity =93% （95% CI： 88%-96%）. However, high between-study statistical heterogeneity was observed in all analyses. Conclusions Real-time PCR has a good diagnostic accuracy and may provide a useful adjunctive tool for the diagnosis of PCP in immunocompromised patients. Further studies are needed in order to identify any differences in the diagnostic performance of real-time PCR in HIV and non-HIV immunocompromised patients. 展开更多
关键词 real-time polymerase chain reaction Pneumocystis pneumonia non-HIV immunocompromised patients,HIV-positive
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