Dentin,the main component of dental hard tissues,is produced by differentiated odontoblasts.How odontoblast differentiation is regulated remains understudied.Here,we screen that the expression of membrane-associated R...Dentin,the main component of dental hard tissues,is produced by differentiated odontoblasts.How odontoblast differentiation is regulated remains understudied.Here,we screen that the expression of membrane-associated RING finger protein 2(March2) is the highest among all March family members,with an increasing trend during odontoblast differentiation.In mouse incisors and molars,MARCH2 is moderately expressed in the undifferentiated dental papilla cells and strongly expressed in the odontoblasts.Knockdown and overexpression experiments demonstrate that MARCH2 inhibits odontoblastic differentiation of mouse dental papilla cells(mDPCs).Additionally,both March2 deficient mice and mice with odontoblast specific knockdown of March2 exhibit the phenotype of increased dentin thickness,accelerated dentin deposition as well as elevated expression levels of odontoblast markers compared with control littermates.Therefore,MARCH2 plays an inhibitory role in odontoblast differentiation.Mechanistically,MARCH2 interacts with protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor delta(PTPRD) and facilitates its K27-linked polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation,which is dependent on the ligase activity of MARCH2.The presence of MARCH2promotes the translocation of PTPRD from the cell membrane to the lysosome,thereby enhancing its degradation via the lysosomal pathway.Further experiments show that knockdown of endogenous Ptprd impairs odontoblastic differentiation of mDPCs.Ptprd and March2 double knockdown in mDPCs apparently reversed the enhanced odontoblastic differentiation by knockdown of March2 alone,indicating that MARCH2 inhibits odontoblastic differentiation by promoting PTPRD degradation.This study unveils a novel mechanism where an E3 ubiquitin ligase regulates odontoblast differentiation through post-translational modification of a membrane protein,highlighting a promising direction for future exploration.展开更多
Ninety years after the Chinese Workers’and Peasants’Red Army accomplished its epic strategic relocation(1934-1936),the Long March spirit continues to illuminate China’s modernization drive–and its broader global g...Ninety years after the Chinese Workers’and Peasants’Red Army accomplished its epic strategic relocation(1934-1936),the Long March spirit continues to illuminate China’s modernization drive–and its broader global governance endeavors.The relevance of the Long March has long since transcended national boundaries.What the Long March forged was not only a fighting force but a way of moving through history:discipline tested by adversity,unity chosen over disruption,and the belief that justice isn’t bestowed from a higher authority but by mobilizing ordinary people.展开更多
In this paper,the Jiangxi section of the red army's long march is taken as the research object to construct a red cultural heritage corridor.Introducing the theory of heritage corridor,on the basis of its hierarch...In this paper,the Jiangxi section of the red army's long march is taken as the research object to construct a red cultural heritage corridor.Introducing the theory of heritage corridor,on the basis of its hierarchical decomposition and comparative judgment,a hierarchy model of the red cultural heritage corridor resource is established.The comprehensive scores of each factor are obtained through expert scoring,and the overall pattern of red army corridor is constructed as"ring-shape-point".New ideas for protection and utilization as well as protection implementation measures are proposed,and the spiritual and cultural connotations of long march in Jiangxi are fully explored.This could help the social and economic development of the areas along the long march of red army in Jiangxi,and promote the integrated utilization and coordinated development of resources in the red cultural heritage corridor region.展开更多
The Long March is not confined to history.Its essence and vitality are seen in China every day.I first heard of the Long March in the 1960s,as a college student in the United States.Like many Westerners,at the time I ...The Long March is not confined to history.Its essence and vitality are seen in China every day.I first heard of the Long March in the 1960s,as a college student in the United States.Like many Westerners,at the time I understood it as a distant,heroic tale from China’s past–a military relocation transformed into legendary status.It was only after reading Edgar Snow’s Red Star Over China in the mid-1970s that I began to grasp its deeper meaning:not merely a story of survival,but a testament to endurance,collective sacrifice,and unwavering belief in the face of impossible odds.展开更多
Ninety years ago,the Long March,an epic trek spanning more than 10,000 kilometers across China,came to an end.More than a strategic operation undertaken by China's Red Army between 1934 and 1936,it played a pivota...Ninety years ago,the Long March,an epic trek spanning more than 10,000 kilometers across China,came to an end.More than a strategic operation undertaken by China's Red Army between 1934 and 1936,it played a pivotal role in shaping modern China.To understand the legacy of the Long March,we embarked on a journey to Gansu Province in northwest China to visit key historical sites and explore the social and economic development of those areas since the arrival of the Red Army.展开更多
The enduring spirit of perseverance,unity,and people-centered commitment embodied in the Long March continues to inspire China’s modernization,international cooperation,and vision of building a community with a share...The enduring spirit of perseverance,unity,and people-centered commitment embodied in the Long March continues to inspire China’s modernization,international cooperation,and vision of building a community with a shared future for humanity.展开更多
The literature analysis,data collection,and on-site exploration are conducted on 128 heritage nodes in the three historical event routes with linear characteristics at the Jiangxi section of the red army's long ma...The literature analysis,data collection,and on-site exploration are conducted on 128 heritage nodes in the three historical event routes with linear characteristics at the Jiangxi section of the red army's long march.Combining their characteristics,protection status,heritage value,etc.,a system framework for evaluating heritage corridor resources is constructed by integrating the analytic hierarchy process and Delphi method.On this basis,the weight values corresponding to each evaluation factor are accurately determined,and the comprehensive score of heritage resources is calculated based on the Rosenberg-Fishbein mathematical model formula.The login route,distribution area,protection level,and protection status are analyzed,providing a solid theoretical basis and scientific support for the scientific construction and effective protection of the red cultural heritage corridor in the Jiangxi section of the red army’s long march.展开更多
目的:探讨过表达MARCH2对肝细胞癌HUH7细胞自噬水平和生长的影响及其机制。方法:MTS和EDU检测MARCH2过表达的肝细胞癌HUH7细胞的生长情况。流式细胞术检测MARCH2过表达的肝细胞癌HUH7细胞凋亡、细胞周期的情况。Western blot和激光共聚...目的:探讨过表达MARCH2对肝细胞癌HUH7细胞自噬水平和生长的影响及其机制。方法:MTS和EDU检测MARCH2过表达的肝细胞癌HUH7细胞的生长情况。流式细胞术检测MARCH2过表达的肝细胞癌HUH7细胞凋亡、细胞周期的情况。Western blot和激光共聚焦法检测MARCH2过表达的肝细胞癌HUH7细胞自噬水平。结果:MTS和EDU检测表明,MARCH2的过表达促进了肝细胞癌HUH7的生长。流式细胞术检测表明,MARCH2过表达对肝细胞癌HUH7细胞凋亡和细胞周期没有明显影响。进一步的实验表明,MARCH2过表达损害了肝细胞癌HUH7的自噬。用常见的自噬诱导剂雷帕霉素挽救自噬可以使肝细胞癌HUH7的增殖率恢复到控制水平。结论:我们的数据表明,MARCH2通过抑制自噬在肿瘤发展过程中起着至关重要的作用。因此,MARCH2是一种有前景的肿瘤治疗新靶点。Aims: To investigate the effects and mechanisms of overexpression of MARCH2 on autophagy levels and growth of hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cells. Methods: MTS and EDU were used to detect the growth of MARCH2 overexpressing hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and cell cycle in MARCH2 overexpressing hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cells. Western blot and laser confocal microscopy were used to detect the autophagy levels in MARCH2 overexpressing HUH7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Results: In this study, MTS and EDU assays showed that the overexpression of MARCH2 promoted the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cells. Flow cytometry detection illustrated that MARCH2 overexpression had no obvious effect on the hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cell apoptosis and cell cycle. Further experiments displayed that MARCH2 overexpression impaired the autophagy of hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cells. Rescued autophagy with the common autophagy inducer rapamycin can bring the proliferation rate of hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cells back to the control level. Conclusions: Our data indicates that MARCH2 plays an essential role in the progression of tumor development through inhibiting autophagy. Therefore, MARCH2 is an attractive novel target for tumor therapy.展开更多
The idea of cultural route heritage protection expands the protection theory for world cultural heritage.The Long March route carries the prominent characteristic of cultural route heritage.By actively building the Lo...The idea of cultural route heritage protection expands the protection theory for world cultural heritage.The Long March route carries the prominent characteristic of cultural route heritage.By actively building the Long March National Cultural Park,China has strengthened the overall protection and integrated utilization of the Long March cultural heritage,upgraded the hardware facilities for exhibition,and investigated ways to protect cultural route heritage with Chinese characteristics.During the construction of the Park,it is necessary to draw on the concept and norms of the cultural route heritage protection,optimize the construction approach,and make the construction of the Park more in line with the linear cultural characteristics of Long March heritage.Specifically,it is proposed to improve the Long March cultural route heritage protection system oriented towards“authenticity”protection,to deeply tap and interpret the prominent universal worth of the Long March route,augmenting the international dissemination of the Long March culture in an innovative way,and realizing a more scientific and effective protection and utilization of Long March cultural resources.展开更多
Microseismic(MS)event locations are vital aspect of MS monitoring technology used to delineate the damage zone inside the surrounding rock mass.However,complex geological conditions can impose significantly adverse ef...Microseismic(MS)event locations are vital aspect of MS monitoring technology used to delineate the damage zone inside the surrounding rock mass.However,complex geological conditions can impose significantly adverse effects on the final location results.To achieve a high-accuracy location in a complex cavern-containing structure,this study develops an MS location method using the fast marching method(FMM)with a second-order difference approach(FMM2).Based on the established velocity model with three-dimensional(3D)discrete grids,the realization of the MS location can be achieved by searching the minimum residual between the theoretical and actual first arrival times.Moreover,based on the calculation results of FMM2,the propagation paths from the MS sources to MS sensors can be obtained using the linear interpolation approach and the Runge–Kutta method.These methods were validated through a series of numerical experiments.In addition,our proposed method was applied to locate the recorded blasting and MS events that occurred during the excavation period of the underground caverns at the Houziyan hydropower station.The location results of the blasting activities show that our method can effectively reduce the location error compared with the results based on the uniform velocity model.Furthermore,the obtained MS location was verified through the occurrence of shotcrete fractures and spalling,and the monitoring results of the in-situ multipoint extensometer.Our proposed method can offer a more accurate rock fracture location and facilitate the delineation of damage zones inside the surrounding rock mass.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82370913,82170914 to Guohua Yuan and 82270947 to Guobin Yang)the National Natural Science Foundation of China Key Program (82230029 to Z.C)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2042022dx0003)the Innovation Project of Municipal Science and Technology Bureau (2023020201010170) to Guohua Yuan。
摘要Dentin,the main component of dental hard tissues,is produced by differentiated odontoblasts.How odontoblast differentiation is regulated remains understudied.Here,we screen that the expression of membrane-associated RING finger protein 2(March2) is the highest among all March family members,with an increasing trend during odontoblast differentiation.In mouse incisors and molars,MARCH2 is moderately expressed in the undifferentiated dental papilla cells and strongly expressed in the odontoblasts.Knockdown and overexpression experiments demonstrate that MARCH2 inhibits odontoblastic differentiation of mouse dental papilla cells(mDPCs).Additionally,both March2 deficient mice and mice with odontoblast specific knockdown of March2 exhibit the phenotype of increased dentin thickness,accelerated dentin deposition as well as elevated expression levels of odontoblast markers compared with control littermates.Therefore,MARCH2 plays an inhibitory role in odontoblast differentiation.Mechanistically,MARCH2 interacts with protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor delta(PTPRD) and facilitates its K27-linked polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation,which is dependent on the ligase activity of MARCH2.The presence of MARCH2promotes the translocation of PTPRD from the cell membrane to the lysosome,thereby enhancing its degradation via the lysosomal pathway.Further experiments show that knockdown of endogenous Ptprd impairs odontoblastic differentiation of mDPCs.Ptprd and March2 double knockdown in mDPCs apparently reversed the enhanced odontoblastic differentiation by knockdown of March2 alone,indicating that MARCH2 inhibits odontoblastic differentiation by promoting PTPRD degradation.This study unveils a novel mechanism where an E3 ubiquitin ligase regulates odontoblast differentiation through post-translational modification of a membrane protein,highlighting a promising direction for future exploration.
摘要Ninety years after the Chinese Workers’and Peasants’Red Army accomplished its epic strategic relocation(1934-1936),the Long March spirit continues to illuminate China’s modernization drive–and its broader global governance endeavors.The relevance of the Long March has long since transcended national boundaries.What the Long March forged was not only a fighting force but a way of moving through history:discipline tested by adversity,unity chosen over disruption,and the belief that justice isn’t bestowed from a higher authority but by mobilizing ordinary people.
基金Supported by the Humanities and Social Science Research Project of Jiangxi Provincial Universities(YS23104).
摘要In this paper,the Jiangxi section of the red army's long march is taken as the research object to construct a red cultural heritage corridor.Introducing the theory of heritage corridor,on the basis of its hierarchical decomposition and comparative judgment,a hierarchy model of the red cultural heritage corridor resource is established.The comprehensive scores of each factor are obtained through expert scoring,and the overall pattern of red army corridor is constructed as"ring-shape-point".New ideas for protection and utilization as well as protection implementation measures are proposed,and the spiritual and cultural connotations of long march in Jiangxi are fully explored.This could help the social and economic development of the areas along the long march of red army in Jiangxi,and promote the integrated utilization and coordinated development of resources in the red cultural heritage corridor region.
摘要The Long March is not confined to history.Its essence and vitality are seen in China every day.I first heard of the Long March in the 1960s,as a college student in the United States.Like many Westerners,at the time I understood it as a distant,heroic tale from China’s past–a military relocation transformed into legendary status.It was only after reading Edgar Snow’s Red Star Over China in the mid-1970s that I began to grasp its deeper meaning:not merely a story of survival,but a testament to endurance,collective sacrifice,and unwavering belief in the face of impossible odds.
摘要Ninety years ago,the Long March,an epic trek spanning more than 10,000 kilometers across China,came to an end.More than a strategic operation undertaken by China's Red Army between 1934 and 1936,it played a pivotal role in shaping modern China.To understand the legacy of the Long March,we embarked on a journey to Gansu Province in northwest China to visit key historical sites and explore the social and economic development of those areas since the arrival of the Red Army.
摘要The enduring spirit of perseverance,unity,and people-centered commitment embodied in the Long March continues to inspire China’s modernization,international cooperation,and vision of building a community with a shared future for humanity.
基金Sponsored by the Humanities and Social Science Research Project of Jiangxi Provincial Universities(YS23104).
摘要The literature analysis,data collection,and on-site exploration are conducted on 128 heritage nodes in the three historical event routes with linear characteristics at the Jiangxi section of the red army's long march.Combining their characteristics,protection status,heritage value,etc.,a system framework for evaluating heritage corridor resources is constructed by integrating the analytic hierarchy process and Delphi method.On this basis,the weight values corresponding to each evaluation factor are accurately determined,and the comprehensive score of heritage resources is calculated based on the Rosenberg-Fishbein mathematical model formula.The login route,distribution area,protection level,and protection status are analyzed,providing a solid theoretical basis and scientific support for the scientific construction and effective protection of the red cultural heritage corridor in the Jiangxi section of the red army’s long march.
摘要目的:探讨过表达MARCH2对肝细胞癌HUH7细胞自噬水平和生长的影响及其机制。方法:MTS和EDU检测MARCH2过表达的肝细胞癌HUH7细胞的生长情况。流式细胞术检测MARCH2过表达的肝细胞癌HUH7细胞凋亡、细胞周期的情况。Western blot和激光共聚焦法检测MARCH2过表达的肝细胞癌HUH7细胞自噬水平。结果:MTS和EDU检测表明,MARCH2的过表达促进了肝细胞癌HUH7的生长。流式细胞术检测表明,MARCH2过表达对肝细胞癌HUH7细胞凋亡和细胞周期没有明显影响。进一步的实验表明,MARCH2过表达损害了肝细胞癌HUH7的自噬。用常见的自噬诱导剂雷帕霉素挽救自噬可以使肝细胞癌HUH7的增殖率恢复到控制水平。结论:我们的数据表明,MARCH2通过抑制自噬在肿瘤发展过程中起着至关重要的作用。因此,MARCH2是一种有前景的肿瘤治疗新靶点。Aims: To investigate the effects and mechanisms of overexpression of MARCH2 on autophagy levels and growth of hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cells. Methods: MTS and EDU were used to detect the growth of MARCH2 overexpressing hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and cell cycle in MARCH2 overexpressing hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cells. Western blot and laser confocal microscopy were used to detect the autophagy levels in MARCH2 overexpressing HUH7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Results: In this study, MTS and EDU assays showed that the overexpression of MARCH2 promoted the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cells. Flow cytometry detection illustrated that MARCH2 overexpression had no obvious effect on the hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cell apoptosis and cell cycle. Further experiments displayed that MARCH2 overexpression impaired the autophagy of hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cells. Rescued autophagy with the common autophagy inducer rapamycin can bring the proliferation rate of hepatocellular carcinoma HUH7 cells back to the control level. Conclusions: Our data indicates that MARCH2 plays an essential role in the progression of tumor development through inhibiting autophagy. Therefore, MARCH2 is an attractive novel target for tumor therapy.
基金the National Social Science Fund of the China Western Project,“Research on the Cultural Characteristics of the Display of the Long March History of the Chinese Workers’and Peasants’Red Army”(17XDJ008)The Key Special Project of Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences,“Research on Promoting Cultural Confidence and Self-improvement through the Construction of the National Long March National Cultural Park from the Perspective of World Cultural Heritage”(2022ZX02).
摘要The idea of cultural route heritage protection expands the protection theory for world cultural heritage.The Long March route carries the prominent characteristic of cultural route heritage.By actively building the Long March National Cultural Park,China has strengthened the overall protection and integrated utilization of the Long March cultural heritage,upgraded the hardware facilities for exhibition,and investigated ways to protect cultural route heritage with Chinese characteristics.During the construction of the Park,it is necessary to draw on the concept and norms of the cultural route heritage protection,optimize the construction approach,and make the construction of the Park more in line with the linear cultural characteristics of Long March heritage.Specifically,it is proposed to improve the Long March cultural route heritage protection system oriented towards“authenticity”protection,to deeply tap and interpret the prominent universal worth of the Long March route,augmenting the international dissemination of the Long March culture in an innovative way,and realizing a more scientific and effective protection and utilization of Long March cultural resources.
基金the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(52039007)for providing financial support.
摘要Microseismic(MS)event locations are vital aspect of MS monitoring technology used to delineate the damage zone inside the surrounding rock mass.However,complex geological conditions can impose significantly adverse effects on the final location results.To achieve a high-accuracy location in a complex cavern-containing structure,this study develops an MS location method using the fast marching method(FMM)with a second-order difference approach(FMM2).Based on the established velocity model with three-dimensional(3D)discrete grids,the realization of the MS location can be achieved by searching the minimum residual between the theoretical and actual first arrival times.Moreover,based on the calculation results of FMM2,the propagation paths from the MS sources to MS sensors can be obtained using the linear interpolation approach and the Runge–Kutta method.These methods were validated through a series of numerical experiments.In addition,our proposed method was applied to locate the recorded blasting and MS events that occurred during the excavation period of the underground caverns at the Houziyan hydropower station.The location results of the blasting activities show that our method can effectively reduce the location error compared with the results based on the uniform velocity model.Furthermore,the obtained MS location was verified through the occurrence of shotcrete fractures and spalling,and the monitoring results of the in-situ multipoint extensometer.Our proposed method can offer a more accurate rock fracture location and facilitate the delineation of damage zones inside the surrounding rock mass.