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Natural weathering and plant regeneration accelerate soil restoration of fine particle mine tailings 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Delong Meng Yu Liu +12 位作者 Xiaohui Huang Jing Wen Teng Zhang Huaqun Yin Ling Xia Wenyi Liu Jing Xiong Xing Li Zhenghua Liu Xiangdong Xiao Ibrahim Ahmed Ibrahim Xueduan Liu Min Zhang 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第5期388-398,共11页
Tailings pedogenesis plays a fundamental role in the ecological restoration of mining wastelands by converting barren tailings into soil-like substrates through physical,chemical,and biological processes.To systematic... Tailings pedogenesis plays a fundamental role in the ecological restoration of mining wastelands by converting barren tailings into soil-like substrates through physical,chemical,and biological processes.To systematically investigate the contributions and interactions of natural weathering and plant regeneration in the tailings pedogenesis,this study analyzed the microstructure,chemical composition,and rhizosphere microbial communities of original tailings samples(OR),15-year naturally weathered samples(PW),and naturally regenerated samples spontaneously colonized by Miscanthus(PM),Lolium perenne(LP),and Cynodon dactylon(CD).X-ray micro-computed tomography revealed that natural weathering increased the total soil porosity of the tailings by 13.45%,with negligible effects on chemical properties.After natural regeneration,soil porosity further increased from 18.74%to 41.45%.Scanning Electron Microscope revealed microaggregates attaching to the root surfaces.In addition,plant species exhibited distinct influences on soil chemical properties.Specifically,PM significantly increased soil organic matter and nitrate nitrogen content,whereas CD primarily promoted the accumulation of rapidly available potassium.Compared to the OR,natural weathering initiated the reconstruction of microbial communities,which were further enriched by plant root systems during natural regeneration.Notably,PM enriched functional genera such as Haliangium and Bryobacter,which were positively associated with heavy metal stabilization,suggesting its role as a critical pioneer species for ecological restoration of tailings.This study highlights the distinct and synergistic roles of natural weathering and plant regeneration in tailings pedogenesis,offering insights for plant selection and ecological restoration strategies. 展开更多
关键词 Natural weathering Plant regeneration Tailings Microorganisms Soil microstructure
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Trends in Antibiotic Consumption and Antimicrobial Resistance in China:An Ecological Analysis from 2016 to 2022 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Fei Zhao Zinan Zhao +13 位作者 Di Chen Bolin Zhu Tianqi Zhang Yuanchao Zhu Xuelin Sun Liang Liang Nan Zheng Lili Zou Wenfeng Xu Sirui Guo Yue Wang Ming Zhao Xin Hu Pengfei Jin 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期158-170,共13页
Objective To examine national trends in antibiotic consumption and antimicrobial resistance(AMR)among six WHO-priority bacterial pathogens in China from 2016 to 2022.Methods This ecological study analyzed national and... Objective To examine national trends in antibiotic consumption and antimicrobial resistance(AMR)among six WHO-priority bacterial pathogens in China from 2016 to 2022.Methods This ecological study analyzed national and provincial data from the China Antibacterial Resistance Surveillance System(CARSS)and the National Hospital Information Network.Beta regression models assessed temporal trends,and hierarchical models evaluated associations between antibiotic use and resistance.Results From 2016 to 2022,carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium and E.faecalis significantly declined(β<0,P<0.010),while carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae increased(β=0.081,P<0.001).Nationwide antibiotic consumption rose across 10 major classes.Positive associations were found between carbapenem use and resistance in A.baumannii(z=2.719,P=0.007)and P.aeruginosa(z=3.241,P=0.001),and between vancomycin use and resistance in E.faecium(z=4.510,P=0.001)and E.faecalis(z=3.210,P=0.001).Conclusion Carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae increased significantly in China,while other resistant pathogens declined.Resistance patterns were linked to the use of multiple antibiotic classes,underscoring the need for strengthened antibiotic stewardship and surveillance. 展开更多
关键词 Antimicrobial resistance Carbapenem-resistant microorganisms Vancomycin-resistant enterococci Antibiotic consumption
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Characteristics and genomic mechanism of Absidia spinosa in inhibiting coal spontaneous combustion 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Xuanmeng Dong Botao Qin +3 位作者 Fusheng Wang Xiangming Hu Liwen Guo Tiesheng Han 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第1期57-78,共22页
Early prevention and control of coal spontaneous combustion have emerged as a critical research area in coal mine safety.Due to their sustainability and environmental friendliness,microorganisms have gained attention.... Early prevention and control of coal spontaneous combustion have emerged as a critical research area in coal mine safety.Due to their sustainability and environmental friendliness,microorganisms have gained attention.A filamentous fungus was collected in the coal mine and identified as Absidia spinosa.Results indicated that the mycelium effectively covered and repaired many coal pores.The oxygen consumption ratio of A.spinosa was higher in coal-containing environments than in coal-free conditions.The fungus significantly impacted aliphatic functional groups,disrupting bridging bonds and side chains connected to aromatic structures and reducing the relative content of C—O bonds.Additionally,A.spinosa increases the ignition temperature by 25.34℃.The total heat release was decreased by approximately 32.58%,and the activation energies were increased.The genome of Absidia spinosa revealed genes related to oxygen consumption,small molecule degradation,and secretion of metabolic products,such as those annotated under GO ID:0140657,etc.The pathways involved in the degradation of small organic molecules(e.g.,ko00626,etc.),carbon fixation,and nitrogen cycling,all linked to coal decomposition.Through oxygen consumption and the alteration of coal-active structures,A.spinosa effectively inhibits CSC,providing an experimental basis for exploring eco-friendly biological control methods in the goaf. 展开更多
关键词 Coal spontaneous combustion Microorganisms Low-temperature oxidation Aerobic respiration Genomic mechanism
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Variations and major driving factors for soil nutrients in a typical karst region in Southwest China 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Miaomiao Wang Hongsong Chen +1 位作者 Wei Zhang Kelin Wang 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期424-435,共12页
Understanding the spatial distributions and corresponding variation mechanisms of key soil nutrients in fragile karst ecosystems can assist in promoting sustainable development.However,due to the implementation of eco... Understanding the spatial distributions and corresponding variation mechanisms of key soil nutrients in fragile karst ecosystems can assist in promoting sustainable development.However,due to the implementation of ecological restoration initiatives such as land-use conversions,novel changes in the spatial characteristics of soil nutrients remain unknown.To address this gap,we explored nutrient variations and the drivers of the variation in the 0–15 cm topsoil layer using a regional-scale sampling method in a typical karst area in northwest Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Southwest China.Descriptive statistics,geostatistics,and spatial analysis were used to assess the soil nutrient variability.The results indicated that soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),and total potassium(TK)concentrations showed moderate variations,with coefficients of variance being 0.60,0.60,0.71,and 0.72,respectively.Moreover,they demonstrated positive spatial autocorrelations,with global Moran's indices being 0.68,0.77,0.64,and 0.68,respectively.However,local Moran's index values were low,indicating large spatial variations in soil nutrients.The best-fitting semi-variogram models for SOC,TN,TP,and TK concentrations were spherical,Gaussian,exponential,and exponential,respectively.According to the classification criteria of the Second National Soil Census in China,SOC and TN concentrations were relatively sufficient,with the proportions of rich and very rich levels being up to 90.9 and 96.0%,respectively.TP concentration was in the mediumdeficient level,with the areas of medium and deficient levels accounting for 33.7 and 30.1%of the total,respectively.TK concentration was deficient,with the cumulative area of extremely deficient,very deficient,and deficient levels accounting for 87.6%of the total area.Consequently,the terrestrial ecosystems in the study area were more vulnerable to soil P and K than soil N deficiencies.Furthermore,variance partitioning analysis of the influencing factors showed that,except for the interactions,the single effect of other soil properties accounted more for soil nutrient variations than spatial and environmental variables.These results will aid in the future management of terrestrial ecosystems. 展开更多
关键词 dominant factor geostatistics karst ecosystem soil nutrient classification spatial variation
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MTSCFNet:a novel framework for improving tree species classification in a subtropical forest using RGB,LiDAR-derived,and GF-2 data 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Linlong Wang Huaiqing Zhang +5 位作者 Rurao Fu Kexin Lei Yang Liu Tingdong Yang Jing Zhang Xiaoning Ge 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第3期135-158,共24页
Accurate individual tree species classification is essential for forest inventory,management,and conservation.However,existing methods relying primarily on single-source remote sensing data(e.g.,spectral,LiDAR,or RGB)... Accurate individual tree species classification is essential for forest inventory,management,and conservation.However,existing methods relying primarily on single-source remote sensing data(e.g.,spectral,LiDAR,or RGB)often suffer from insufficient feature representation and noise interference,particularly in subtropical forests with high species diversity,leading to increased classification errors.To address these challenges,we proposed the Multi-source Tree Species Classification Fusion Network(MTSCFNet),a novel deep learning framework that integrates RGB imagery,LiDAR-derived feature maps,and GF-2 satellite data through a modified UNet backbone,which incorporates a three-branch encoder and a Triple Branch Feature Fusion(TBFF)module within a middle fusion strategy.We evaluated the MTSCFNet in Chinese-fir mixed forests located in the Shanxia Forest Farm,Jiangxi Province,China.The results showed that:(1)MTSCFNet outperformed four baseline models,achieving Macro F1(0.78±0.01),Micro F1(0.93±0.01),Weighted F1(0.93±0.01),a Matthews correlation coefficient(MCC)(0.89±0.01),Cohen’sĸ(0.89±0.01),and mIoU(0.69±0.01),with respective improvements of 4.05%in Macro F1,1.89%in Micro F1,0.09%in Weighted F1,1.67%in MCC,1.64%in Cohen’sĸ,and 5.92%in Mean IoU over the second best model,SwinUNet;(2)Compared to the best two-source combinations(R+S,R+L),MTSCFNet achieved up to 1.50%,3.28%,3.42%,6.72%,6.76%,and 3.51%higher Macro F1,Micro F1,Weighted F1,MCC,Cohen’sĸ,and mIoU,and up to 8.11%,2.63%,2.88%,5.01%,4.99%,and 11.48%improvements over single-source inputs,while also exhibiting the lowest variability,indicating strong robustness;(3)Under different fusion strategies,MTSCFNet with middle fusion surpassed early and late fusion by up to 15.31%,3.74%,3.99%,7.66%,7.76%,22.33%and 24.13%,5.76%,6.20%,11.48%,11.57%,32.96%in Macro F1,Micro F1,Weighted F1,MCC,Cohen’sĸ,and mIoU,respectively,validating the effectiveness of feature-level multi-modal integration;(4)In cross-region transfer experiments,MTSCFNet demonstrated strong spatial generalizability,achieving average scores of 0.78(Macro F1),0.87(Micro F1),0.86(Weighted F1),0.59(MCC),0.59(Cohen’sĸ),and 0.68(mIoU),and outperformed SwinUNet by up to 38.80%,9.40%,18.58%,22.48%,26.17%,and 33.00%in Macro F1,Micro F1,Weighted F1,MCC,Cohen’sĸ,and mIoU across varying forest densities.Overall,MTSCFNet offers a robust,accurate,and transferable solution for tree species classification in complex subtropical forest environments. 展开更多
关键词 Tree species classification Deep learning Multi-source remote sensing data Subtropical forest
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Multimodal Signal Processing of ECG Signals with Time-Frequency Representations for Arrhythmia Classification 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Yu Zhou Jiawei Tian Kyungtae Kang 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2026年第2期990-1017,共28页
Arrhythmias are a frequently occurring phenomenon in clinical practice,but how to accurately dis-tinguish subtle rhythm abnormalities remains an ongoing difficulty faced by the entire research community when conductin... Arrhythmias are a frequently occurring phenomenon in clinical practice,but how to accurately dis-tinguish subtle rhythm abnormalities remains an ongoing difficulty faced by the entire research community when conducting ECG-based studies.From a review of existing studies,two main factors appear to contribute to this problem:the uneven distribution of arrhythmia classes and the limited expressiveness of features learned by current models.To overcome these limitations,this study proposes a dual-path multimodal framework,termed DM-EHC(Dual-Path Multimodal ECG Heartbeat Classifier),for ECG-based heartbeat classification.The proposed framework links 1D ECG temporal features with 2D time–frequency features.By setting up the dual paths described above,the model can process more dimensions of feature information.The MIT-BIH arrhythmia database was selected as the baseline dataset for the experiments.Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms single modalities and performs better for certain specific types of arrhythmias.The model achieved mean precision,recall,and F1 score of 95.14%,92.26%,and 93.65%,respectively.These results indicate that the framework is robust and has potential value in automated arrhythmia classification. 展开更多
关键词 Electrocardiogram arrhythmia classification multimodal time-frequency representation
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我国高校分类的制度演进、现实困境与改革路径 认领 引用 被引量：7
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作者 邬大光 李乐帆 《中国高教研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2026年第4期14-22,共9页
高等学校分类发展是高等教育体系走向成熟的重要标志。我国高校分类体系在制度形成和演化中,办学层次的纵向等级、行业学科的横向分类与重点建设的资源配置三者相互嵌套,使高校分类逐渐滑入“名为分类,实则分等”的运行逻辑。这一困境... 高等学校分类发展是高等教育体系走向成熟的重要标志。我国高校分类体系在制度形成和演化中,办学层次的纵向等级、行业学科的横向分类与重点建设的资源配置三者相互嵌套,使高校分类逐渐滑入“名为分类,实则分等”的运行逻辑。这一困境受文化、财政与治理的共同制约:单一化的成功标准消解了类型认同,选优而非托底的财政逻辑削弱了底线公平,趋同化的评价制度使分类规则持续失灵。推动高校分类真正落地,需以财政重构为切入口,建立分类保障机制与差异化拨款体系,同步推进分类型绩效评价与治理工具矫正,以制度变革为文化转轨创造现实依托,逐步构建类型多元与底线公平的高等教育分类体系。 展开更多
关键词 高等教育 高校分类 分类发展 分类治理
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Review of the classification and related terminology of fine-grained sedimentary rocks 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 ZHU Rukai SUN Longde +2 位作者 ZOU Caineng CHEN Yang MIAO Xue 《Petroleum Exploration and Development》 SCIE 2026年第1期61-78,共18页
Through tracing the background and customary usage of classification of fine-grained sedimentary rocks and terminology,and comparing current“sedimentary petrology”textbooks and monographs,this paper proposes a class... Through tracing the background and customary usage of classification of fine-grained sedimentary rocks and terminology,and comparing current“sedimentary petrology”textbooks and monographs,this paper proposes a classification scheme for fine-grained sedimentary rocks and clarifies related terminology.The comprehensive analysis indicates that the classification of clastic rocks,volcanic clastic rocks,chemical rocks,and biogenic(carbonate)rocks is unified,and the definitions of terms such as lamination,bedding and beds are consistent.However,there is a disagreement on the definition of“mud”.European and American scholars commonly use the term“mud”to include silt and clay(particle size less than 0.0625 mm).Chinese scholars equate the term“mud”to“clay”(particle size less than 0.0039 mm or less than 0.01 mm).Combined with the discussion on terms such as sedimentary structures(bedding,lamination and lamellation),shale,mudstone,mudrocks/argillaceous rocks and mud shale,it is recommended to use“fine-grained sedimentary rocks”as the general term for all sedimentary rocks composed of fine-grained materials with particle size less than 0.0625 mm,including claystone/mudrocks and siltstone.Claystone/mudrocks are further classified into argillaceous(or clayey)mudstone/shale,calcareous mudstone/shale,siliceous mudstone/shale,silty mudstone/shale and silt-containing mudstone/shale.Argillaceous(or clayey)mudstone/shale emphasizes a content of clay minerals or clay-sized particles exceeding 50%.Other mudstones/shales emphasize a content of particles(particle size less than 0.0625 mm)exceeding 50%.The commonly referred term“shale”should not include siltstone.It is necessary to establish a reasonable,standardized,and applicable classification scheme for fine-grained sedimentary rocks in the future.An integrated shale microfacies research at the thin-section scale should be carried out,and combined with well logging data interpretation and seismic attribute analysis,a geological model of lithology/lithofacies will be iteratively upgraded to accurately determine sweet layer,locate target layer,and evaluate favorable area. 展开更多
关键词 fine-grained sedimentary rock shale mudstone clay shale oil shale gas lamellation shale microfacies classification scheme fine-grained sedimentology
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Prevalence and clinical characteristics of diabetic retinopathy in patients newly diagnosed with ketosis-onset diabetes:A real-world study 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Man-Rong Xu Meng-Han Li +4 位作者 Jun-Wei Wang Ya-Wen Zhang Jun-Xi Lu Jiang-Feng Ke Lian-Xi Li 《World Journal of Diabetes》 SCIE 2026年第3期127-138,共12页
BACKGROUND The classification of ketosis-onset diabetes is controversial,and the prevalence and clinical characteristics of diabetic retinopathy(DR)in ketosis-onset diabetes mellitus remain unclear.AIM To compare the ... BACKGROUND The classification of ketosis-onset diabetes is controversial,and the prevalence and clinical characteristics of diabetic retinopathy(DR)in ketosis-onset diabetes mellitus remain unclear.AIM To compare the prevalence and risk factors of DR among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM),ketosis-onset diabetes,and non-ketotic type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS This real-world observational study enrolled 1777 patients with newly diagnosed diabetes between January 2003 and December 2012,including 211 with T1DM,673 with ketosis-onset diabetes,and 893 with non-ketotic T2DM.DR was assessed using digital nonmydriatic fundus photography,and its severity was graded based on the ETDRS classification.Clinical characteristics and risk factors of DR were compared across the three groups.RESULTS After controlling for age and sex,DR prevalence was significantly higher in ketosis-onset diabetes(9.5%)than in T1DM(5.7%,P=0.034),but not significantly different from non-ketotic T2DM(12.3%,P=0.105).Risk factors for DR in ketosis-onset diabetes and non-ketotic T2DM included increased estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)and urinary albumin excretion.In contrast,elevated eGFR and 2-hour postprandial C-peptide were independent risk factors for DR in T1DM.The prevalence and risk factors for DR in ketosis-onset diabetes were similar to those in non-ketotic T2DM,but differed from T1DM.CONCLUSION These findings further support classifying ketosis-onset diabetes as a subtype of T2DM rather than idiopathic T1DM.However,the distinctive clinical features of ketosis-onset diabetes should not be ignored. 展开更多
关键词 Diabetic classification Ketosis-onset diabetes Diabetic retinopathy Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes
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三种典型白酒环境微生物群落结构解析、酿造微生物溯源及功能特性 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 唐家环 岳松 +1 位作者 张庆 潘强林 《中国酿造》 CAS 北大核心 2026年第1期13-20,共8页
浓香型、酱香型、大曲清香型作为3种典型白酒,均以粮谷为原料,大曲为糖化发酵剂在开放的环境中进行生产而成的蒸馏酒。开放式的生产模式使得3种典型白酒受环境微生物的影响不容忽视,随着扩增子测序、宏基因组学等技术的发展,环境微生物... 浓香型、酱香型、大曲清香型作为3种典型白酒,均以粮谷为原料,大曲为糖化发酵剂在开放的环境中进行生产而成的蒸馏酒。开放式的生产模式使得3种典型白酒受环境微生物的影响不容忽视,随着扩增子测序、宏基因组学等技术的发展,环境微生物对白酒酿造微生态的影响逐渐被深入探究。该文综述了3种典型白酒环境微生物群落分析方法、群落结构解析及其影响因素,对白酒酿造微生物进行溯源分析,并概述了酿造微生物的功能特性,旨在为解析发酵环境微生物种群结构,探讨环境微生物对白酒发酵过程的影响及塑造有利于白酒发酵的环境微生态提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 白酒 发酵 微生态 环境微生物 酿造微生物 溯源分析 功能特性
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甘蔗有机物料还田对土壤理化性质、微生物及甘蔗生长的影响 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 林兆里 孔冉 +4 位作者 姚俊丽 高世武 李诗燕 张华 罗俊 《热带作物学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2026年第1期108-123,共16页
针对我国旱坡地蔗田土壤酸化、有机质衰减及结构劣化等问题,本研究系统探究甘蔗有机物料还田对土壤理化性质、微生物群落及甘蔗产量的长期调控效应。通过3 a桶栽试验(新植季+2 a宿根季),设置滤泥(T1)、蔗渣灰(T2)、蔗叶(T3)和... 针对我国旱坡地蔗田土壤酸化、有机质衰减及结构劣化等问题,本研究系统探究甘蔗有机物料还田对土壤理化性质、微生物群落及甘蔗产量的长期调控效应。通过3 a桶栽试验(新植季+2 a宿根季),设置滤泥(T1)、蔗渣灰(T2)、蔗叶(T3)和蔗渣(T4)4种甘蔗有机物料还田处理,以不添加甘蔗有机物料作为空白对照(CK),测定土壤养分、物理结构、微生物多样性、根系形态、产量与糖分等指标。结果表明:在土壤理化性质方面,4种甘蔗有机物料还田处理均降低土壤容重,改善土壤力学性能和孔隙结构,但不同物料处理的还田效果存在显著差异。T1和T2处理显著提升土壤pH、总有机碳、碱解氮和有效磷含量,其中T1处理持续优化深层土壤结构,T2处理对速效钾含量和保水性的提升效果突出;T3和T4处理主要提高土壤总有机碳含量,但T4处理在新植季加剧土壤酸化。此外,T3和T4处理促进高稳定性大团聚体形成,短期效应显著;T1和T2处理虽促进土壤机械稳定性大团聚体生成,但水稳性较差。在微生物多样性方面,T1和T2处理对土壤细菌、真菌多样性及丰富度提升效果显著且长效;T3处理初期促进微生物活动而后期抑制;T4处理后期显著恢复微生物多样性。在甘蔗生长方面,T1处理增产增糖效果最显著;T2处理促进根系发育效果突出,增产增糖效果显著;T3处理后期有一定的增产效应;T4处理导致减产且不利于糖分积累。综合来看,不同甘蔗有机物料还田效果差异显著。滤泥为最优还田物料,兼具长效改良土壤、提升微生物多样性与增产增糖的优势;蔗渣灰适于短期保水促根,但需防控深层板结风险;蔗叶还田宜配施氮肥;蔗渣还田需腐解预处理。研究结果为甘蔗有机物料精准还田及红壤区耕地可持续管理提供理论支撑。 展开更多
关键词 甘蔗 有机物料 土壤 理化性质 微生物
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甘草多糖对育肥牛生长性能、血液指标及瘤胃内环境的影响 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 叶苗苗 朱潇鹏 +4 位作者 周正海 张志鹏 杨本顺 昝林森 杨武才 《畜牧兽医学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第3期1516-1533,共18页
旨在探究饲粮中添加甘草多糖(Glycyrrhiza polysaccharides,GCPs)对育肥肉牛生长性能、血清指标、养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数及瘤胃微生物的影响。本研究选取40头生长发育状况良好、体重(617.70±18.85) kg的西门塔尔育肥公牛为... 旨在探究饲粮中添加甘草多糖(Glycyrrhiza polysaccharides,GCPs)对育肥肉牛生长性能、血清指标、养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数及瘤胃微生物的影响。本研究选取40头生长发育状况良好、体重(617.70±18.85) kg的西门塔尔育肥公牛为试验动物,随机分为4组,各试验组在基础日粮中分别添加0 mg·kg-1 BW(对照组,G0组)、15 mg·kg-1 BW(低剂量组,G15组)、30 mg·kg-1 BW(中剂量组,G30组)、45 mg·kg-1 BW(高剂量组,G45组)GCPs,预饲期10 d,正饲期90 d。测定每头牛正饲0、45、90 d的体重,计算平均日增重;记录每天采食量,计算平均干物质采食量及料重比;正饲45、90 d每头牛采集10 mL血液,测定血清生化指标、抗氧化指标及免疫指标;试验结束后,每头牛采集300 g粪便测定养分表观消化率,采集50 mL瘤胃液测定瘤胃发酵参数及瘤胃微生物相关指标。结果显示:与G0组相比:1)0~45 d及0~90 d阶段,G30、G45组平均日增重及干物质采食量显著增加(P<0.05);0~90 d阶段,G30、G45组料重比显著下降(P<0.05),粗脂肪消化率显著提高(P<0.05);2)G30组血清谷草转氨酶水平、谷丙转氨酶水平显著下降(P<0.05);45 d试验组血清超氧化物歧化酶与白细胞介素10水平显著提高(P<0.05);3)G15、G30组乙酸比例显著下降(P<0.05),G30组丁酸比例显著提高(P<0.05);4)G30组瘤胃微生物群落Chao1丰富度指数显著提高(P<0.05),且瘤胃微生物结构发生变化;G30组育肥肉牛瘤胃拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、假单胞菌门(Pseudomonadota)、纤维杆菌门(Fibrobacterota)、普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotella)及纤维杆菌属(Fibrobacter)相对丰度呈现显著上升趋势,而厚壁菌门(Bacillota)相对丰度呈显著下降趋势(P<0.05);G15组瘤胃微生物差异代谢通路主要集中在酮体合成与降解、硝基甲苯降解;G30组瘤胃微生物差异代谢通路主要集中在氨基酸代谢、脂肪酸生物合成;G45组瘤胃微生物差异代谢通路主要集中在C5-支链二元酸代谢。综上,日粮中添加甘草多糖提高了西门塔尔育肥肉牛的生长性能、抗氧化能力、免疫能力、养分消化率,改善了瘤胃发酵模式,促进瘤胃有益菌丰度增加。在本试验研究条件下,甘草多糖最适添加量为30 mg·kg-1 BW。 展开更多
关键词 育肥牛 甘草多糖 生长性能 瘤胃发酵 瘤胃微生物
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水旱轮作对设施蔬菜土壤微生物群落结构与功能的影响 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 余顺平 杨济达 +5 位作者 朱红业 赵国珍 伏成秀 邓思合 侯燕萍 张庆 《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第7期1526-1539,共14页
为解决设施蔬菜连作障碍严重问题,明确不同轮作模式对设施蔬菜土壤微生物群落结构和功能的影响,本研究基于宏基因组测序技术,对生菜-水稻(S1)、生菜-旱稻(S2)、生菜-油麦菜(S3)3种轮作模式下的微生物群落结构和多样性、互作网络和群落... 为解决设施蔬菜连作障碍严重问题,明确不同轮作模式对设施蔬菜土壤微生物群落结构和功能的影响,本研究基于宏基因组测序技术,对生菜-水稻(S1)、生菜-旱稻(S2)、生菜-油麦菜(S3)3种轮作模式下的微生物群落结构和多样性、互作网络和群落功能变化等进行研究。结果表明,相较于生菜连作(CK),3种轮作模式均在不同程度上提高了土壤细菌群落α多样性,生菜-水稻轮作模式下Chao1和ACE指数增幅最大,Simpson指数降幅最大,Shannon指数在生菜-旱稻轮作模式下增幅最大;主坐标分析(PCoA)和置换多元方差分析(PERMANOVA)表明,3种轮作模式显著改变了土壤细菌群落组成,慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)、Gp6-AA40、PSRF01、VBCG01在3种轮作模式下均显著富集,且慢生根瘤菌属和PSRF01在生菜-水稻轮作处理下相对丰度最高;共现网络分析表明,轮作模式不仅增强了微生物网络的复杂性与稳定性,而且改变了微生物关键类群,生菜-水稻轮作模式关键类群为PSRF01、慢生根瘤菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomicrobium)、溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)等有益细菌,生菜-旱稻轮作模式关键类群为硝化螺旋菌属(Nitrospira)和鞘氨醇单胞菌属等,生菜-油麦菜轮作模式关键类群为硝化螺旋菌属和溶杆菌属等;基于KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)数据库进行功能预测,3种轮作模式下共有17个子功能基因(KEGG途径)的相对丰度显著富集,其中,膜转运、运输和分解代谢、环境适应性、糖代谢、能量代谢等12条代谢途径相关的功能基因丰度在生菜-水稻轮作模式下增幅最大。综上所述,3种轮作模式皆改变了设施蔬菜土壤微生物群落组成、多样性和功能,其中,水旱轮作模式(生菜-水稻轮作)各方面指标的效果均最佳。因此,缓解或避免设施生菜连作障碍理想的轮作模式为生菜-水稻轮作,生菜-旱稻轮作次之。 展开更多
关键词 设施蔬菜 轮作 土壤微生物 群落结构和功能
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产蛋白酶、脂肪酶的乳酸菌和葡萄球菌对接种发酵风干猪肉品质的影响 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 马怡煊 李金海 +7 位作者 裴慧洁 何维 钟绪美 余佳梅 张渝淋 谢佳欣 李城涛 杨勇 《食品与发酵工业》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第1期318-328,共11页
该研究将前期从风干猪肉筛选得到的产蛋白酶、脂肪酶的植物乳植杆菌L11、乳酸片球菌L478、木糖葡萄球菌S34和木糖葡萄球菌S36分别以L11∶L478∶S34∶S36=2∶1∶1∶1、L11∶L478=2∶1和S34∶S36=1∶1的体积比接种于风干猪肉中,以不接菌... 该研究将前期从风干猪肉筛选得到的产蛋白酶、脂肪酶的植物乳植杆菌L11、乳酸片球菌L478、木糖葡萄球菌S34和木糖葡萄球菌S36分别以L11∶L478∶S34∶S36=2∶1∶1∶1、L11∶L478=2∶1和S34∶S36=1∶1的体积比接种于风干猪肉中,以不接菌为对照组,探究产蛋白酶、脂肪酶乳酸菌和葡萄球菌复配接种对风干猪肉品质的影响,分析了风干猪肉的微生物、感官品质和理化指标。结果表明,乳酸菌和葡萄球菌复配组风干猪肉中乳酸菌和葡萄球菌增多,其感官评价总分为86.45分,显著高于葡萄球菌复配组(80.65分)、乳酸菌复配组(79.65分)和对照组(74.45分),色泽和质构得到显著改善,蛋白质和脂肪降解加快,脂质氧化得到抑制,其单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸(5.02、3.50 g/100 g)高于乳酸菌复配组(4.68、3.44 g/100 g)、葡萄球菌复配组(4.59、3.41 g/100 g)和对照组(4.05、2.50 g/100 g),检测出30种挥发性物质多于葡萄球菌复配组(21种)、乳酸菌复配组(20种)和对照组(19种),与对照组相比,其生物胺总量降低18.38%,乳酸菌复配组和葡萄球菌复配组分别降低16.24%和12.94%。该研究表明,产蛋白酶、脂肪酶乳酸菌和葡萄球菌复配接种能提高风干猪肉的食品品质,抑制生物胺的积累,提高风干猪肉的食用安全性。 展开更多
关键词 风干猪肉 乳酸菌 葡萄球菌 产蛋白酶微生物 产脂肪酶微生物 接种发酵 品质变化
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Deep Learning for Brain Tumor Segmentation and Classification: A Systematic Review of Methods and Trends 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Ameer Hamza Robertas Damaševicius 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2026年第1期132-172,共41页
This systematic review aims to comprehensively examine and compare deep learning methods for brain tumor segmentation and classification using MRI and other imaging modalities,focusing on recent trends from 2022 to 20... This systematic review aims to comprehensively examine and compare deep learning methods for brain tumor segmentation and classification using MRI and other imaging modalities,focusing on recent trends from 2022 to 2025.The primary objective is to evaluate methodological advancements,model performance,dataset usage,and existing challenges in developing clinically robust AI systems.We included peer-reviewed journal articles and highimpact conference papers published between 2022 and 2025,written in English,that proposed or evaluated deep learning methods for brain tumor segmentation and/or classification.Excluded were non-open-access publications,books,and non-English articles.A structured search was conducted across Scopus,Google Scholar,Wiley,and Taylor&Francis,with the last search performed in August 2025.Risk of bias was not formally quantified but considered during full-text screening based on dataset diversity,validation methods,and availability of performance metrics.We used narrative synthesis and tabular benchmarking to compare performance metrics(e.g.,accuracy,Dice score)across model types(CNN,Transformer,Hybrid),imaging modalities,and datasets.A total of 49 studies were included(43 journal articles and 6 conference papers).These studies spanned over 9 public datasets(e.g.,BraTS,Figshare,REMBRANDT,MOLAB)and utilized a range of imaging modalities,predominantly MRI.Hybrid models,especially ResViT and UNetFormer,consistently achieved high performance,with classification accuracy exceeding 98%and segmentation Dice scores above 0.90 across multiple studies.Transformers and hybrid architectures showed increasing adoption post2023.Many studies lacked external validation and were evaluated only on a few benchmark datasets,raising concerns about generalizability and dataset bias.Few studies addressed clinical interpretability or uncertainty quantification.Despite promising results,particularly for hybrid deep learning models,widespread clinical adoption remains limited due to lack of validation,interpretability concerns,and real-world deployment barriers. 展开更多
关键词 Brain tumor segmentation brain tumor classification deep learning vision transformers hybrid models
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黄龙病胁迫下柑橘根际土壤微生物组结构与功能响应 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 汤宇晴 蒋宇 +5 位作者 赵升 刘单鹏 石淮毓 周卫军 王远鹏 欧阳凯 《微生物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第2期644-658,共15页
【目的】柑橘黄龙病作为毁灭性细菌病害严重威胁全球柑橘产业。本研究旨在为开发基于微生物组调控的黄龙病生态防控策略提供理论依据。【方法】以湖南宜章县黄龙病(Huanglongbing,HLB)感染与健康柑橘的根际土壤为研究对象,采用16S rRNA... 【目的】柑橘黄龙病作为毁灭性细菌病害严重威胁全球柑橘产业。本研究旨在为开发基于微生物组调控的黄龙病生态防控策略提供理论依据。【方法】以湖南宜章县黄龙病(Huanglongbing,HLB)感染与健康柑橘的根际土壤为研究对象,采用16S rRNA基因和ITS序列扩增子测序技术系统解析HLB对根际微生态系统的影响机制。【结果】与健康植株相比,HLB感染显著降低了根际土壤有机质(6.65 g/kg)和速效磷(7.25 mg/kg)含量,且引发细菌群落α多样性显著降低、真菌群落α多样性显著升高(P<0.05)。β多样性分析显示,HLB显著改变了微生物群落结构,具体表现为假单胞菌门(Pseudomonadota)和芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota)等具有促生功能的细菌相对丰度降低,而寡营养型的酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)和绿屈挠菌门(Chloroflexota)显著富集;在真菌群落中腐生菌子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)的丰度分别上升5.32%和7.38%,而罗兹菌门(Rozellomycota)和腐生菌被孢霉菌门(Mortierellomycota)的丰度分别下降12.30%和3.23%。HLB通过抑制罗兹菌门打破了根际微生态平衡,导致腐生菌过度增殖,削弱了系统的抑病能力。目水平分析进一步揭示:细菌功能类群中的伯克霍尔德氏菌目(Burkholderiales)、生丝微菌目(Hyphomicrobiales)等有益菌群显著耗竭,而纤线杆菌目(Ktedonobacterales)等适应逆境型类群显著增殖。PICRUSt2分析表明,HLB通过影响代谢途径和遗传信息处理来破坏柑橘根际细菌群落结构,并利用腐生菌和外生菌根真菌等维持土壤健康。【结论】本研究揭示了HLB通过重塑柑橘根际微生物的结构和功能影响土壤微生态平衡。 展开更多
关键词 柑橘 黄龙病 根际微生物 群落组成 功能预测分析
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间作玉米和大豆对凉粉草根际土壤养分、酶活性及微生物群落结构的影响 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 兰秀 阮丽霞 +7 位作者 黄若兰 蔡兆琴 黄小娟 杨海霞 梁振华 李恒锐 马仙花 谢君峰 《南方农业学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第5期1427-1438,共12页
【目的】探究间作玉米(Zea mays)和大豆(Glycine max)对凉粉草(Platostoma palustre)根际土壤特性及微生物群落特征的影响,为凉粉草间作模式的推广提供理论依据。【方法】采用大田随机区组试验,设4个处理,分别为凉粉草单作(P)、大豆/凉... 【目的】探究间作玉米(Zea mays)和大豆(Glycine max)对凉粉草(Platostoma palustre)根际土壤特性及微生物群落特征的影响,为凉粉草间作模式的推广提供理论依据。【方法】采用大田随机区组试验,设4个处理,分别为凉粉草单作(P)、大豆/凉粉草间作(GP)、玉米/凉粉草间作(ZP)、大豆/凉粉草/玉米间作(GPZ)。于成熟期采集凉粉草根际土壤样品,测定土壤pH、养分含量、酶活性等指标;采用高通量测序技术,分析不同处理的土壤微生物多样性和群落结构特征,并采用主成分分析法明确土壤因子与微生物群落之间的相互关系。【结果】与P处理相比,3种间作模式均显著提高了凉粉草根际土壤全磷和速效磷含量(P0.05)。间作可提高凉粉草根际土壤细菌群落多样性与丰富度,其中GP处理的提升效果较佳;GPZ处理提高了凉粉草根际土壤的细菌、真菌OTU总数和特有细菌、真菌OTU数,同时提高了真菌物种丰富度,但降低了真菌物种多样性。间作未改变优势细菌菌门和真菌菌门种类,但显著改变其相对丰度,且导致特有菌门数量减少、群落趋同化。GPZ处理富集拟杆菌门细菌,ZP处理富集放线菌门细菌。主成分分析结果表明,变形菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门等与土壤p H呈正相关,与全氮、全钾和速效钾含量呈负相关。炭疽菌属、新鞘氨醇菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属等与土壤p H及脲酶活性呈显著正相关,与土壤蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶活性及全钾、速效钾含量呈显著负相关。【结论】不同间作模式显著改变了凉粉草根际土壤全磷、速效磷、速效钾含量和土壤酶活性,并显著提高凉粉草根际土壤细菌多样性与丰富度。推荐采用玉米/大豆/凉粉草复合间作以提高土壤有机质和氮素含量。若种植区土壤贫瘠,建议在实际生产中增施钾肥并补充有机质,以平衡作物间的养分竞争,实现凉粉草的可持续高效种植。 展开更多
关键词 凉粉草 玉米 大豆 间作 土壤微生物
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肉鸡肠道微生物研究进展 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 孙亚龙 李亚楠 +4 位作者 周建民 张海华 张海军 邱凯 武书庚 《中国饲料》 北大核心 2026年第1期1-7,共7页
在肉鸡生长发育过程中,肠道微生物发挥着促进肠道发育、维持肠道稳态、增强机体免疫、改善消化功能、提高生产性能等作用。本文从微生物的特征、主要影响因素、营养调控措施及挑战等方面,综述了肉鸡肠道微生物的研究进展,旨在更好地调... 在肉鸡生长发育过程中,肠道微生物发挥着促进肠道发育、维持肠道稳态、增强机体免疫、改善消化功能、提高生产性能等作用。本文从微生物的特征、主要影响因素、营养调控措施及挑战等方面,综述了肉鸡肠道微生物的研究进展,旨在更好地调控肠道微生物,改善生产效益。 展开更多
关键词 微生物 肠道健康 饲料营养 生长发育 肉鸡
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水稻金属硫蛋白基因家族鉴定及OsMT1.3A和OsMT1.4A功能分析 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 苗渝青 张超 +5 位作者 韩子静 翟雨航 张文祺 金锐 张振华 陈海飞 《生物工程学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2026年第1期288-302,共15页
金属硫蛋白(metallothionein,MT)是一类低分子量蛋白。目前,已有大量关于植物吸收和调控重金属Cd积累的分子机制的研究,然而研究结果相对来说不够系统,主要集中于部分转运蛋白的研究。为系统揭示金属硫蛋白在水稻调控网络中的潜在功能,... 金属硫蛋白(metallothionein,MT)是一类低分子量蛋白。目前,已有大量关于植物吸收和调控重金属Cd积累的分子机制的研究,然而研究结果相对来说不够系统,主要集中于部分转运蛋白的研究。为系统揭示金属硫蛋白在水稻调控网络中的潜在功能,并弥补现有研究在基因家族层面系统性的不足的缺口,本研究通过生物信息学分析,共鉴定到14个水稻金属硫蛋白基因家族成员,水稻金属硫蛋白基因家族成员的motif有较大差异,蛋白序列的进化树分析将其分为4类亚家族,其中OsMT1.4A、OsMT1.4B、OsMT1.4C、OsMT1.1C、OsMT1.1G串联成簇分布在12号染色体上。预测的顺式元件与植物激素、生长、环境、光响应相关。大部分的金属硫蛋白受各类激素诱导表达,镉胁迫诱导其中10个成员的表达量上调。OsMT1.3A、OsMT1.3B保守结构域与其他OsMTs差异较大,表达模式与其他家族基因截然不同。异源表达OsMT1.3A、OsMT1.4A显著提高了细菌和酵母对Cd的耐受性,水稻中过表达OsMT1.4A显著增加了有效穗数和产量。本研究为通过生物技术的手段培育Cd耐受并具有修复Cd污染潜力的农作物提供了优异的基因资源。 展开更多
关键词 水稻 微生物 镉胁迫 金属硫蛋白基因家族 表达模式
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Influence of Composite Microbial Self-healing Materials on the Repair of Mortar Cracks 认领 引用
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作者 WANG Hailiang ZHANG Yan +8 位作者 RONG Hui LIU Dee ZHANG Yiming DING Longhui GAI Qingshan QIU Peng HU Liping XU Feng AI Fengquan 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第2期427-434,共8页
We mixed Bacillus subtilis and brewing yeast to prepare composite microbial self-healing materials,and studied the self-healing effect of composite microorganisms in mortar cracks of different widths and cracking ages... We mixed Bacillus subtilis and brewing yeast to prepare composite microbial self-healing materials,and studied the self-healing effect of composite microorganisms in mortar cracks of different widths and cracking ages.The experimental results show that the performance and self-healing effect of composite micro-organisms are significantly better than those of single microorganisms.For cracks with widths of 0.2-0.4 mm,the repair effect of the composite microorganisms at 28 days is 42.7%and 71.2%higher than that of pure Bacillus and pure yeast,respectively.The repairing rate of the area with the widths of the cracks of 0.2-0.4,0.4-0.6,and 0.6-0.8 mm are 100%,77.3%,and 53.4%,respectively.The area repair rates corresponding to cracking ages of 56,90,and 180 days are 73.3%,55.4%,and 30.8%,respectively. 展开更多
关键词 mortar composite microorganisms cracks self-healing
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