This paper studies the problem of privacy preservation in achieving the average consensus of dynamic Multi-Agent Systems(MAS).Average consensus performs an essential role in dynamic MAS to promote collaboration,coordi...This paper studies the problem of privacy preservation in achieving the average consensus of dynamic Multi-Agent Systems(MAS).Average consensus performs an essential role in dynamic MAS to promote collaboration,coordinate decision-making,resolve conflicts,and enhance system reliability.The process of achieving average consensus requires the information exchange between agents,which raises concerns about sensitive data leakage.To address this issue,we propose a novel algorithm that combines state decomposition with edge characteristics in network topology to protect the critical data during the average consensus process.Specifically,the original state of each agent is decomposed into|Ni|+1 substates,where|Ni|represents the number of neighboring nodes.For each agent,the public substate performs the function of the original state to participate in computation and interaction between other agents,while the private parts only interact with the first one of the same agent and keep invisible to other agents.Unlike other approaches that focus solely on the privacy preservation of agents'initial state information,this paper extends to dynamic state of agents at every moment.Next,rigorous proofs of the accuracy in average consensus are provided.Furthermore,it is shown that privacy can be protected by employing our algorithm if agent i has at least one neighbor who is not an honest-but-curious agent.As for external eavesdroppers,a sufficient condition is presented that the state information is not estimated with any guaranteed accuracy.Finally,numerical simulations are presented to verify the effectiveness of our approach.展开更多
This paper discusses adaptive distributed optimization with predefined accuracy for high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems(MASs)that are subject to disturbances and nonlinear uncertainties.To estimate the global opt...This paper discusses adaptive distributed optimization with predefined accuracy for high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems(MASs)that are subject to disturbances and nonlinear uncertainties.To estimate the global optimal solution in realtime,a distributed proportional-integral optimization technique is used to generate a virtual system for each agent.For the unknown control gain of the controller,the Nussbaum function is employed.Then,a fuzzy adaptive observer is designed to estimate the unmeasured state by leveraging the general approximation capabilities of fuzzy logic systems.Using the Lyapunov stability method and backstepping technique,we develop the adaptive law and a new distributed controller.This ensures that the outputs of multi-agent systems converge to optimal values.Finally,a simulation example is used to confirm the viability of the presented control mechanism.展开更多
The integration of Digital Signal Processing(DSP)and Reinforcement Learning(RL)for optimal consensus control in Networked Multi-Agent Systems(NMASs)has garnered significant research attention.However,prior research en...The integration of Digital Signal Processing(DSP)and Reinforcement Learning(RL)for optimal consensus control in Networked Multi-Agent Systems(NMASs)has garnered significant research attention.However,prior research encounters some limitations:1)dependency on initial admissible control policies,and 2)systemic data redundancy arising from ineffective data governance in distributed architectures and slow convergence rates of conventional RL algorithms.To overcome these challenges,this paper proposes a Distributed Collaborative Iteration Adaptive Dynamic Programming(DCIADP)framework.The methodology reformulates the solution of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman(HJB)equations by integrating Value Iteration(VI)and Policy Iteration(PI)within a unified architecture,eliminating reliance on prior knowledge of system dynamics.Specifically,a dynamic factor is introduced to synergistically integrate the complementary strengths of VI and PI,achieving accelerated convergence while bypassing the initialization requirement for admissible policies.This innovation significantly mitigates computational overhead in distributed nodes during localized DSP operations.Furthermore,a self-tuning mechanism dynamically optimizes the factor,enhancing adaptability to heterogeneous network conditions.Through rigorous theoretical analysis,the proposed framework is proven to ensure asymptotic convergence and Lyapunov stability.Practical implementation is realized through actor-critic Neural Networks(NNs),incorporating an experience replay mechanism to exploit temporal correlation characteristics in networked data streams.This enables derivation of optimal control policies solely from transmitted network signals,independent of explicit system parameter knowledge.The framework thus establishes a resource-eicient adaptive control paradigm for bandwidth-constrained networked MASs.Finally,several numerical simulations validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach.展开更多
This paper investigates the consensus tracking control problem for high order nonlinear multi-agent systems subject to non-affine faults,partial measurable states,uncertain control coefficients,and unknown external di...This paper investigates the consensus tracking control problem for high order nonlinear multi-agent systems subject to non-affine faults,partial measurable states,uncertain control coefficients,and unknown external disturbances.Under the directed topology conditions,an observer-based finite-time control strategy based on adaptive backstepping and is proposed,in which a neural network-based state observer is employed to approximate the unmeasurable system state variables.To address the complexity explosion problem associated with the backstepping method,a finite-time command filter is incorporated,with error compensation signals designed to mitigate the filter-induced errors.Additionally,the Butterworth low-pass filter is introduced to avoid the algebraic ring problem in the design of the controller.The finite-time stability of the closed-loop system is rigorously analyzed with the finite-time Lyapunov stability criterion,validating that all closed-loop signals of the system remain bounded within a finite time.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified through a simulation example.展开更多
Multi-Agent Systems(MAS),which consist of multiple interacting agents,are crucial in Cyber-Physical Systems(CPS),because they improve system adaptability,efficiency,and robustness through parallel processing and colla...Multi-Agent Systems(MAS),which consist of multiple interacting agents,are crucial in Cyber-Physical Systems(CPS),because they improve system adaptability,efficiency,and robustness through parallel processing and collaboration.However,most existing unsupervised meta-learning methods are centralized and not suitable for multi-agent systems where data are distributed stored and inaccessible to all agents.Meta-GMVAE,based on Variational Autoencoder(VAE)and set-level variational inference,represents a sophisticated unsupervised meta-learning model that improves generative performance by efficiently learning data representations across various tasks,increasing adaptability and reducing sample requirements.Inspired by these advancements,we propose a novel Distributed Unsupervised Meta-Learning(DUML)framework based on Meta-GMVAE and a fusion strategy.Furthermore,we present a DUML algorithm based on Gaussian Mixture Model(DUMLGMM),where the parameters of the Gaussian-mixture are solved by an Expectation-Maximization algorithm.Simulations on Omniglot and Mini Image Net datasets show that DUMLGMM can achieve the performance of the corresponding centralized algorithm and outperform non-cooperative algorithm.展开更多
This paper studies a sampling-based dynamic event-triggered fixed-time bipartite formation algorithm for a class of continuous-time multi-agent systems with communication constraints.First,a periodic sampling mechanis...This paper studies a sampling-based dynamic event-triggered fixed-time bipartite formation algorithm for a class of continuous-time multi-agent systems with communication constraints.First,a periodic sampling mechanism is designed to reduce the system’s communication frequency.Then,a dynamic event-triggered control algorithm based on auxiliary variables is developed for sampled-data systems to further reduce the system’s triggering frequency.Next,to enhance the convergence speed of the dynamic event-triggered control method,a dynamic event-triggered fixed-time bipartite formation control scheme is investigated.Finally,using Lyapunov stability theory,signed graph theory,and relevant inequalities,a rigorous theoretical proof of the stability of the proposed control protocol is provided,and the algorithm’s effectiveness is verified through simulation experiments.展开更多
This paper focuses on the leader-following positive consensus problems of heterogeneous switched multi-agent systems.First,a state-feedback controller with dynamic compensation is introduced to achieve positive consen...This paper focuses on the leader-following positive consensus problems of heterogeneous switched multi-agent systems.First,a state-feedback controller with dynamic compensation is introduced to achieve positive consensus under average dwell time switching.Then sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the positive consensus.The gain matrices of the control protocol are described using a matrix decomposition approach and the corresponding computational complexity is reduced by resorting to linear programming and co-positive Lyapunov functions.Finally,two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the results obtained.展开更多
This paper addresses the challenging problem of multi-agent dynamic target pursuit under stringent communication constraints(including delays and range limits),where the agile targets are non-cooperative and free from...This paper addresses the challenging problem of multi-agent dynamic target pursuit under stringent communication constraints(including delays and range limits),where the agile targets are non-cooperative and free from such limitations.To tackle this,we propose CRS-DQN,a novel Deep Q-Network algorithm designed for this scenario.CRS-DQN enables agents to learn effective pursuit strategies through deep reinforcement learning despite partial observability and constrained information sharing.Simulation experiments systematically evaluate the impact of key parameters.The results show that pursuit performance degrades monotonically with increased communication delay.In contrast,the communication radius exhibits a non-linear effect:performance peaks when the radius is within a specific range(approximately 1/10 to 1/5 of the environment size)and declines if the radius is too small or too large.Furthermore,an optimal balance exists between the communication radius and the delay threshold.This work demonstrates the feasibility of learning-based pursuit under strict communication constraints and provides insights into parameter tuning for robust multi-agent systems in adversarial,communication-degraded environments.展开更多
This paper discusses the nonlinear formability problem and studies the semi-global sampled-data formation control problem for a class of nonlinear multi-agent systems.There is no any linear growth condition for nonlin...This paper discusses the nonlinear formability problem and studies the semi-global sampled-data formation control problem for a class of nonlinear multi-agent systems.There is no any linear growth condition for nonlinearity of the agents,which brings the challenges to the nonlinear analysis and synthesis.Based on the steady-state analysis for closed-loop system,the sufficient and necessary condition that guarantees the exact formability is proposed.Then,the formation condition under sampled-data mechanism is studied and given.Using the proposed formation condition,the formation control of nonlinear multi-agent systems is achieved by synthesizing a distributed sampled-data formation control law.In the end,the simulations are carried out to show the correctness of the proposed formation condition.展开更多
This paper addresses the synchronization of follower agents’state vectors with that of a leader in high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems.The proposed low-complexity control scheme employs high-gain observers to es...This paper addresses the synchronization of follower agents’state vectors with that of a leader in high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems.The proposed low-complexity control scheme employs high-gain observers to estimate higher-order synchronization errors,enabling the controller to rely solely on relative output measurements.This approach significantly reduces the dependence on full-state information,which is often infeasible or costly in practical engineering applications.An output feedback control strategy is developed to overcome these limitations while ensuring robust and effective synchronization.Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and validate the theoretical findings.展开更多
This study presents a new observer-based security consensus method to address the control problem for nonlinear strict-feedback stochastic multi-agent systems(MASs)under actuator attacks.Different from most existing o...This study presents a new observer-based security consensus method to address the control problem for nonlinear strict-feedback stochastic multi-agent systems(MASs)under actuator attacks.Different from most existing optimal control methods which rely on the strong assumption of Nash equilibrium existence,here a novel adaptive distributed observer is proposed to remove the assumption.Furthermore,the security issue posed by actuator attacks is tackled by integrating integral sliding-mode(ISM)control into reinforcement learning(RL).The actual backstepping controller comprises an ISM attack compensator that mitigates the effects of these attacks,alongside an RL-based optimal controller that stabilizes the sliding-mode dynamics and achieves optimal performance.Finally,theoretical analysis and practical simulations are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
Consider that nonlinear terms for multi-agent systems(MASs)exist and information transmission among agents is interrupted by denial-of-service(DoS)attacks,the paper focuses on the leader–follower consensus of nonline...Consider that nonlinear terms for multi-agent systems(MASs)exist and information transmission among agents is interrupted by denial-of-service(DoS)attacks,the paper focuses on the leader–follower consensus of nonlinear MASs under DoS attacks based on edge-event triggered mechanisms(EETMs).Firstly,in order to minimize the transmission of unnecessary information between any two neighboring agents in MASs,new EETMs are designed for all communication edges.Secondly,a fully distributed consensus protocol under the triggered mechanisms is designed to avoid any global information.At the meantime,due to DoS attacks,the communication network is unreliable.New EETMs consensus protocol can overcome the influence of DoS attacks.Additionally,the new strategy is exclusion of the Zeno behavior.Ultimately,simulation example will demonstrate the theoretical results.展开更多
Effective cooperation is pivotal in distributed learning for multi-agent systems,where the interplay between the quantity and quality of the machine learning models is crucial.This paper reveals the irrationality of i...Effective cooperation is pivotal in distributed learning for multi-agent systems,where the interplay between the quantity and quality of the machine learning models is crucial.This paper reveals the irrationality of indiscriminate inclusion of all models on agents for joint prediction,highlighting the imperative to prioritize quality over quantity in cooperative learning.Specifically,we present the first selective online learning framework for distributed Gaussian process(GP)regression,namely distributed error-informed GP(EIGP),that enables each agent to assess its neighboring collaborators,using the proposed selection function to choose the higher quality GP models with less prediction errors.Moreover,algorithmic enhancements are embedded within the EIGP,including a greedy algorithm(gEIGP)for accelerating prediction and an adaptive algorithm(aEIGP)for improving prediction accuracy.In addition,approaches for fast prediction and model update are introduced in conjunction with the error-informed quantification term iteration and a data deletion strategy to achieve real-time learning operations.Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed methodology,showcasing its superiority over the stateof-the-art distributed GP methods with different benchmarks.展开更多
In this paper,the bounded control gain based prescribed-time(Pre-T)consensus problem for general linear multiagent systems(MASs)with controllable agent dynamics is addressed.First,an observer with Pre-T performance is...In this paper,the bounded control gain based prescribed-time(Pre-T)consensus problem for general linear multiagent systems(MASs)with controllable agent dynamics is addressed.First,an observer with Pre-T performance is designed for each agent to estimate the leader's state within a prescribed time.Then,based on the estimated states,a Pre-T switching controller integrating a bounded control gain is developed by employing a special coordinate transformation in combination with the backstepping technique,under the assumption that the agents'system matrix pair is controllable.It is shown that the proposed controller enables general linear MASs to achieve the Pre-T consensus independently of the agents'initial conditions and control parameters.Notably,the controller eliminates the numerical implementation problem associated with unbounded control gains,without compromising the consensus performance.The proposed approach is further applied to high-order singleinput MASs to demonstrate its broader applicability.Finally,a simulation example validates the effectiveness of both the proposed observer and the Pre-T switching controller.展开更多
This paper presents an adaptive multi-agent coordination(AMAC)strategy suitable for complex scenarios,which only requires information exchange between neighbouring robots.Unlike traditional multi-agent coordination me...This paper presents an adaptive multi-agent coordination(AMAC)strategy suitable for complex scenarios,which only requires information exchange between neighbouring robots.Unlike traditional multi-agent coordination methods that are solved by neural dynamics,the proposed strategy displays greater flexibility,adaptability and scalability.Furthermore,the proposed AMAC strategy is reconstructed as a time-varying complex-valued matrix equation.By introducing a dynamic error function,a fixed-time convergent zeroing neural network(FTCZNN)model is designed for the online solution of the AMAC strategy,with its convergence time upper bound derived theoretically.Finally,the effectiveness and applicability of the coordination control method are demonstrated by numerical simulations and physical experiments.Numerical results indicate that this method can reduce the formation error to the order of 10-6within 1.8 s.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter deals with the formation control problem of a multiagent system that moves along a closed curve and is subject to position constraints.A distributed formation control law is developed under whi...Dear Editor,This letter deals with the formation control problem of a multiagent system that moves along a closed curve and is subject to position constraints.A distributed formation control law is developed under which the position constraint of each agent can always be satisfied.Due to the existence of position constraints,prescribed formations generally cannot be achieved by the agents.展开更多
Open multi-agent systems(OMASs),characterized by the dynamic joining and leaving of agents,possess distinct attributes such as agent-level autonomy,time-varying network topologies,and environmental openness.These char...Open multi-agent systems(OMASs),characterized by the dynamic joining and leaving of agents,possess distinct attributes such as agent-level autonomy,time-varying network topologies,and environmental openness.These characteristics make them highly applicable to dynamic scenarios like robotic swarms,smart grids,and vehicular networks.However,such dynamism introduces core challenges in maintaining system stability,achieving efficient collaboration,and guaranteeing decision robustness.This paper presents a brief overview of recent advances in distributed control and decision-making algorithms for OMASs.First,the fundamental concepts and control strategies of OMASs are systematically reviewed.Second,distributed decision-making mechanisms encompassing distributed consensus optimization,separable resource allocation,and Nash equilibrium(NE)seeking in non-cooperative games are discussed,highlighting key technologies and typical methods.Finally,an outlook on future perspectives in the field is presented.展开更多
With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence,multi-agent systems(MASs)are evolving from classical paradigms toward architectures built upon large foundation models(LFMs).This survey provides a systematic revi...With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence,multi-agent systems(MASs)are evolving from classical paradigms toward architectures built upon large foundation models(LFMs).This survey provides a systematic review and comparative analysis of classical MASs(CMASs)and LFM-based MASs(LMASs).First,within a closed-loop coordination framework,CMASs are reviewed across four fundamental dimensions:perception,communication,decision-making,and control.Beyond this framework,LMASs integrate LFMs to lift collaboration from low-level state exchanges to semantic-level reasoning,enabling more flexible coordination and improved adaptability across diverse scenarios.Then,a comparative analysis is conducted to contrast CMASs and LMASs across architecture,operating mechanism,adaptability,and application.Finally,future perspectives on MASs are presented,summarizing open challenges and potential research opportunities.展开更多
This paper investigates the problem of prescribedtime formation control for multi-agent systems with directed communication topology,uncertain nonlinear dynamics,and nonvanishing random disturbances.To drive the forma...This paper investigates the problem of prescribedtime formation control for multi-agent systems with directed communication topology,uncertain nonlinear dynamics,and nonvanishing random disturbances.To drive the formation error to zero within a prescribed time,a novel prescribed-time control lemma is developed.A distributed observer is designed to allow each follower to accurately estimate the leader's states within the prescribed time.Building on this,an observer-based prescribedtime formation control algorithm is proposed.The algorithm ensures that a disordered group of autonomous agents achieves the desired formation with zero error within the prescribed time,despite the presence of uncertain nonlinear dynamics and nonvanishing random disturbances.The prescribed time is arbitrarily predetermined a priori and independent of the agents'initial configurations and any other control parameters.Mathematically,the stability of the proposed control scheme is rigorously proven,where all observer and closed-loop system signals are bounded.Numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness of the proposed formation scheme.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter addresses the formation problem of open multi-agent systems in the presence of disturbances.An extended state observer is developed for each agent to estimate the disturbance,and a consensus co...Dear Editor,This letter addresses the formation problem of open multi-agent systems in the presence of disturbances.An extended state observer is developed for each agent to estimate the disturbance,and a consensus control protocol incorporating disturbance compensation is proposed.By analyzing the dynamics of the formation error during switching time instants,sufficient conditions on dwell time are derived to ensure uniformly ultimate boundedness of the formation error.The effectiveness of the proposed controller is demonstrated through both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations.展开更多
基金co-supported by the National Key Research and Development Project,China(No.2022YFB3104005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62003275)+1 种基金the Basic Research Programs(2022)of Taicang,China(No.TC2022JC17)the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2021J046)。
摘要This paper studies the problem of privacy preservation in achieving the average consensus of dynamic Multi-Agent Systems(MAS).Average consensus performs an essential role in dynamic MAS to promote collaboration,coordinate decision-making,resolve conflicts,and enhance system reliability.The process of achieving average consensus requires the information exchange between agents,which raises concerns about sensitive data leakage.To address this issue,we propose a novel algorithm that combines state decomposition with edge characteristics in network topology to protect the critical data during the average consensus process.Specifically,the original state of each agent is decomposed into|Ni|+1 substates,where|Ni|represents the number of neighboring nodes.For each agent,the public substate performs the function of the original state to participate in computation and interaction between other agents,while the private parts only interact with the first one of the same agent and keep invisible to other agents.Unlike other approaches that focus solely on the privacy preservation of agents'initial state information,this paper extends to dynamic state of agents at every moment.Next,rigorous proofs of the accuracy in average consensus are provided.Furthermore,it is shown that privacy can be protected by employing our algorithm if agent i has at least one neighbor who is not an honest-but-curious agent.As for external eavesdroppers,a sufficient condition is presented that the state information is not estimated with any guaranteed accuracy.Finally,numerical simulations are presented to verify the effectiveness of our approach.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62173121,12301185,6257317362473135)。
摘要This paper discusses adaptive distributed optimization with predefined accuracy for high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems(MASs)that are subject to disturbances and nonlinear uncertainties.To estimate the global optimal solution in realtime,a distributed proportional-integral optimization technique is used to generate a virtual system for each agent.For the unknown control gain of the controller,the Nussbaum function is employed.Then,a fuzzy adaptive observer is designed to estimate the unmeasured state by leveraging the general approximation capabilities of fuzzy logic systems.Using the Lyapunov stability method and backstepping technique,we develop the adaptive law and a new distributed controller.This ensures that the outputs of multi-agent systems converge to optimal values.Finally,a simulation example is used to confirm the viability of the presented control mechanism.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62276036the Innovation and Development Joint Fund Project of Chongqing Natural Science Foundation under Grant No.CSTB2024NSCQ-LZX0118the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62173278.
摘要The integration of Digital Signal Processing(DSP)and Reinforcement Learning(RL)for optimal consensus control in Networked Multi-Agent Systems(NMASs)has garnered significant research attention.However,prior research encounters some limitations:1)dependency on initial admissible control policies,and 2)systemic data redundancy arising from ineffective data governance in distributed architectures and slow convergence rates of conventional RL algorithms.To overcome these challenges,this paper proposes a Distributed Collaborative Iteration Adaptive Dynamic Programming(DCIADP)framework.The methodology reformulates the solution of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman(HJB)equations by integrating Value Iteration(VI)and Policy Iteration(PI)within a unified architecture,eliminating reliance on prior knowledge of system dynamics.Specifically,a dynamic factor is introduced to synergistically integrate the complementary strengths of VI and PI,achieving accelerated convergence while bypassing the initialization requirement for admissible policies.This innovation significantly mitigates computational overhead in distributed nodes during localized DSP operations.Furthermore,a self-tuning mechanism dynamically optimizes the factor,enhancing adaptability to heterogeneous network conditions.Through rigorous theoretical analysis,the proposed framework is proven to ensure asymptotic convergence and Lyapunov stability.Practical implementation is realized through actor-critic Neural Networks(NNs),incorporating an experience replay mechanism to exploit temporal correlation characteristics in networked data streams.This enables derivation of optimal control policies solely from transmitted network signals,independent of explicit system parameter knowledge.The framework thus establishes a resource-eicient adaptive control paradigm for bandwidth-constrained networked MASs.Finally,several numerical simulations validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach.
基金supported in part by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant 4252050in part by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars under Grant 62425304in part by the Basic Science Center Programs of NSFC under Grant 62088101.
摘要This paper investigates the consensus tracking control problem for high order nonlinear multi-agent systems subject to non-affine faults,partial measurable states,uncertain control coefficients,and unknown external disturbances.Under the directed topology conditions,an observer-based finite-time control strategy based on adaptive backstepping and is proposed,in which a neural network-based state observer is employed to approximate the unmeasurable system state variables.To address the complexity explosion problem associated with the backstepping method,a finite-time command filter is incorporated,with error compensation signals designed to mitigate the filter-induced errors.Additionally,the Butterworth low-pass filter is introduced to avoid the algebraic ring problem in the design of the controller.The finite-time stability of the closed-loop system is rigorously analyzed with the finite-time Lyapunov stability criterion,validating that all closed-loop signals of the system remain bounded within a finite time.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified through a simulation example.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Fund(No.62101579)。
摘要Multi-Agent Systems(MAS),which consist of multiple interacting agents,are crucial in Cyber-Physical Systems(CPS),because they improve system adaptability,efficiency,and robustness through parallel processing and collaboration.However,most existing unsupervised meta-learning methods are centralized and not suitable for multi-agent systems where data are distributed stored and inaccessible to all agents.Meta-GMVAE,based on Variational Autoencoder(VAE)and set-level variational inference,represents a sophisticated unsupervised meta-learning model that improves generative performance by efficiently learning data representations across various tasks,increasing adaptability and reducing sample requirements.Inspired by these advancements,we propose a novel Distributed Unsupervised Meta-Learning(DUML)framework based on Meta-GMVAE and a fusion strategy.Furthermore,we present a DUML algorithm based on Gaussian Mixture Model(DUMLGMM),where the parameters of the Gaussian-mixture are solved by an Expectation-Maximization algorithm.Simulations on Omniglot and Mini Image Net datasets show that DUMLGMM can achieve the performance of the corresponding centralized algorithm and outperform non-cooperative algorithm.
基金funded in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number 62403216in part by the Basic Research Programof Jiangsu Province,grant number BK20241608+3 种基金in part by the Jiangsu Province Youth Science and Technology Talent Support Program,grant number JSTJ-2025-544in part by the Wuxi Young Science and Technology Talent Support Program,grant number TJXD-2024-114in part by the European Union Intelligent Multi-Agent Robotic Systems(EUiMARs)project,grant numberHORIZON-MSCA-2023-101182996in part by the 111 project,grant number B23008.
摘要This paper studies a sampling-based dynamic event-triggered fixed-time bipartite formation algorithm for a class of continuous-time multi-agent systems with communication constraints.First,a periodic sampling mechanism is designed to reduce the system’s communication frequency.Then,a dynamic event-triggered control algorithm based on auxiliary variables is developed for sampled-data systems to further reduce the system’s triggering frequency.Next,to enhance the convergence speed of the dynamic event-triggered control method,a dynamic event-triggered fixed-time bipartite formation control scheme is investigated.Finally,using Lyapunov stability theory,signed graph theory,and relevant inequalities,a rigorous theoretical proof of the stability of the proposed control protocol is provided,and the algorithm’s effectiveness is verified through simulation experiments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62463007,62463005)the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(625RC710,625MS047)+1 种基金the System Control and Information Processing Education Ministry Key Laboratory Open Funding,China(Scip20240119)the Science Research Funding of Hainan University,China(KYQD(ZR)22180,KYQD(ZR)23180).
摘要This paper focuses on the leader-following positive consensus problems of heterogeneous switched multi-agent systems.First,a state-feedback controller with dynamic compensation is introduced to achieve positive consensus under average dwell time switching.Then sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the positive consensus.The gain matrices of the control protocol are described using a matrix decomposition approach and the corresponding computational complexity is reduced by resorting to linear programming and co-positive Lyapunov functions.Finally,two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the results obtained.
基金supported by Equipment Pre-Research Ministry of Education Joint Fund[grant number 6141A02033703].
摘要This paper addresses the challenging problem of multi-agent dynamic target pursuit under stringent communication constraints(including delays and range limits),where the agile targets are non-cooperative and free from such limitations.To tackle this,we propose CRS-DQN,a novel Deep Q-Network algorithm designed for this scenario.CRS-DQN enables agents to learn effective pursuit strategies through deep reinforcement learning despite partial observability and constrained information sharing.Simulation experiments systematically evaluate the impact of key parameters.The results show that pursuit performance degrades monotonically with increased communication delay.In contrast,the communication radius exhibits a non-linear effect:performance peaks when the radius is within a specific range(approximately 1/10 to 1/5 of the environment size)and declines if the radius is too small or too large.Furthermore,an optimal balance exists between the communication radius and the delay threshold.This work demonstrates the feasibility of learning-based pursuit under strict communication constraints and provides insights into parameter tuning for robust multi-agent systems in adversarial,communication-degraded environments.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2023YFB4704800in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62373156 and Grant 62433010+2 种基金in part by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under Grant 2023A1515012858in part by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou under Grant 2025A04J5380in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant 2024ZYGXZR047.
摘要This paper discusses the nonlinear formability problem and studies the semi-global sampled-data formation control problem for a class of nonlinear multi-agent systems.There is no any linear growth condition for nonlinearity of the agents,which brings the challenges to the nonlinear analysis and synthesis.Based on the steady-state analysis for closed-loop system,the sufficient and necessary condition that guarantees the exact formability is proposed.Then,the formation condition under sampled-data mechanism is studied and given.Using the proposed formation condition,the formation control of nonlinear multi-agent systems is achieved by synthesizing a distributed sampled-data formation control law.In the end,the simulations are carried out to show the correctness of the proposed formation condition.
摘要This paper addresses the synchronization of follower agents’state vectors with that of a leader in high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems.The proposed low-complexity control scheme employs high-gain observers to estimate higher-order synchronization errors,enabling the controller to rely solely on relative output measurements.This approach significantly reduces the dependence on full-state information,which is often infeasible or costly in practical engineering applications.An output feedback control strategy is developed to overcome these limitations while ensuring robust and effective synchronization.Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and validate the theoretical findings.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.4252030).
摘要This study presents a new observer-based security consensus method to address the control problem for nonlinear strict-feedback stochastic multi-agent systems(MASs)under actuator attacks.Different from most existing optimal control methods which rely on the strong assumption of Nash equilibrium existence,here a novel adaptive distributed observer is proposed to remove the assumption.Furthermore,the security issue posed by actuator attacks is tackled by integrating integral sliding-mode(ISM)control into reinforcement learning(RL).The actual backstepping controller comprises an ISM attack compensator that mitigates the effects of these attacks,alongside an RL-based optimal controller that stabilizes the sliding-mode dynamics and achieves optimal performance.Finally,theoretical analysis and practical simulations are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(62303096)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,China(2023M740544,2025T180486)+2 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2025A1515012850)the National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(X202510145117)the Joint Funds of the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning(2023-MSBA-105).
摘要Consider that nonlinear terms for multi-agent systems(MASs)exist and information transmission among agents is interrupted by denial-of-service(DoS)attacks,the paper focuses on the leader–follower consensus of nonlinear MASs under DoS attacks based on edge-event triggered mechanisms(EETMs).Firstly,in order to minimize the transmission of unnecessary information between any two neighboring agents in MASs,new EETMs are designed for all communication edges.Secondly,a fully distributed consensus protocol under the triggered mechanisms is designed to avoid any global information.At the meantime,due to DoS attacks,the communication network is unreliable.New EETMs consensus protocol can overcome the influence of DoS attacks.Additionally,the new strategy is exclusion of the Zeno behavior.Ultimately,simulation example will demonstrate the theoretical results.
基金supported by the Federal Ministry of Research,Technology,and Space of Germany in the Programme of“Souverän Digital Vernetzt”Under Joint Project 6G-life With Project(16KIS2414)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24B20184,62373118)。
摘要Effective cooperation is pivotal in distributed learning for multi-agent systems,where the interplay between the quantity and quality of the machine learning models is crucial.This paper reveals the irrationality of indiscriminate inclusion of all models on agents for joint prediction,highlighting the imperative to prioritize quality over quantity in cooperative learning.Specifically,we present the first selective online learning framework for distributed Gaussian process(GP)regression,namely distributed error-informed GP(EIGP),that enables each agent to assess its neighboring collaborators,using the proposed selection function to choose the higher quality GP models with less prediction errors.Moreover,algorithmic enhancements are embedded within the EIGP,including a greedy algorithm(gEIGP)for accelerating prediction and an adaptive algorithm(aEIGP)for improving prediction accuracy.In addition,approaches for fast prediction and model update are introduced in conjunction with the error-informed quantification term iteration and a data deletion strategy to achieve real-time learning operations.Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed methodology,showcasing its superiority over the stateof-the-art distributed GP methods with different benchmarks.
基金supported in part by the Key Project of the Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20261)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62373231)。
摘要In this paper,the bounded control gain based prescribed-time(Pre-T)consensus problem for general linear multiagent systems(MASs)with controllable agent dynamics is addressed.First,an observer with Pre-T performance is designed for each agent to estimate the leader's state within a prescribed time.Then,based on the estimated states,a Pre-T switching controller integrating a bounded control gain is developed by employing a special coordinate transformation in combination with the backstepping technique,under the assumption that the agents'system matrix pair is controllable.It is shown that the proposed controller enables general linear MASs to achieve the Pre-T consensus independently of the agents'initial conditions and control parameters.Notably,the controller eliminates the numerical implementation problem associated with unbounded control gains,without compromising the consensus performance.The proposed approach is further applied to high-order singleinput MASs to demonstrate its broader applicability.Finally,a simulation example validates the effectiveness of both the proposed observer and the Pre-T switching controller.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61962023,61562029 and 62466019.
摘要This paper presents an adaptive multi-agent coordination(AMAC)strategy suitable for complex scenarios,which only requires information exchange between neighbouring robots.Unlike traditional multi-agent coordination methods that are solved by neural dynamics,the proposed strategy displays greater flexibility,adaptability and scalability.Furthermore,the proposed AMAC strategy is reconstructed as a time-varying complex-valued matrix equation.By introducing a dynamic error function,a fixed-time convergent zeroing neural network(FTCZNN)model is designed for the online solution of the AMAC strategy,with its convergence time upper bound derived theoretically.Finally,the effectiveness and applicability of the coordination control method are demonstrated by numerical simulations and physical experiments.Numerical results indicate that this method can reduce the formation error to the order of 10-6within 1.8 s.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62273182,61773213,U21B6001,62273121,62221004,62073166)。
摘要Dear Editor,This letter deals with the formation control problem of a multiagent system that moves along a closed curve and is subject to position constraints.A distributed formation control law is developed under which the position constraint of each agent can always be satisfied.Due to the existence of position constraints,prescribed formations generally cannot be achieved by the agents.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62325304 and U2541220)the Basic Research Program of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20253020)the Jiangsu Provincial Scientific Research Center of Applied Mathematics(No.BK20233002)
摘要Open multi-agent systems(OMASs),characterized by the dynamic joining and leaving of agents,possess distinct attributes such as agent-level autonomy,time-varying network topologies,and environmental openness.These characteristics make them highly applicable to dynamic scenarios like robotic swarms,smart grids,and vehicular networks.However,such dynamism introduces core challenges in maintaining system stability,achieving efficient collaboration,and guaranteeing decision robustness.This paper presents a brief overview of recent advances in distributed control and decision-making algorithms for OMASs.First,the fundamental concepts and control strategies of OMASs are systematically reviewed.Second,distributed decision-making mechanisms encompassing distributed consensus optimization,separable resource allocation,and Nash equilibrium(NE)seeking in non-cooperative games are discussed,highlighting key technologies and typical methods.Finally,an outlook on future perspectives in the field is presented.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62233005,U2441245,U25B6002,62503247)Shanghai Municipal Commission of Economy and Informatization(RZRGZN-01-25-0951)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230605。
摘要With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence,multi-agent systems(MASs)are evolving from classical paradigms toward architectures built upon large foundation models(LFMs).This survey provides a systematic review and comparative analysis of classical MASs(CMASs)and LFM-based MASs(LMASs).First,within a closed-loop coordination framework,CMASs are reviewed across four fundamental dimensions:perception,communication,decision-making,and control.Beyond this framework,LMASs integrate LFMs to lift collaboration from low-level state exchanges to semantic-level reasoning,enabling more flexible coordination and improved adaptability across diverse scenarios.Then,a comparative analysis is conducted to contrast CMASs and LMASs across architecture,operating mechanism,adaptability,and application.Finally,future perspectives on MASs are presented,summarizing open challenges and potential research opportunities.
基金supported in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2025CDJZKKYJH-17,2024CDJYDYL020)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2023NSCQ-LZX0026)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(W2411061,624B2029)the Chongqing Municipal Commission of Economy and Informatization(68YJX-2025001001005)the China Scholarship Council(202506050048)。
摘要This paper investigates the problem of prescribedtime formation control for multi-agent systems with directed communication topology,uncertain nonlinear dynamics,and nonvanishing random disturbances.To drive the formation error to zero within a prescribed time,a novel prescribed-time control lemma is developed.A distributed observer is designed to allow each follower to accurately estimate the leader's states within the prescribed time.Building on this,an observer-based prescribedtime formation control algorithm is proposed.The algorithm ensures that a disordered group of autonomous agents achieves the desired formation with zero error within the prescribed time,despite the presence of uncertain nonlinear dynamics and nonvanishing random disturbances.The prescribed time is arbitrarily predetermined a priori and independent of the agents'initial configurations and any other control parameters.Mathematically,the stability of the proposed control scheme is rigorously proven,where all observer and closed-loop system signals are bounded.Numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness of the proposed formation scheme.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U25A20460,61836001)。
摘要Dear Editor,This letter addresses the formation problem of open multi-agent systems in the presence of disturbances.An extended state observer is developed for each agent to estimate the disturbance,and a consensus control protocol incorporating disturbance compensation is proposed.By analyzing the dynamics of the formation error during switching time instants,sufficient conditions on dwell time are derived to ensure uniformly ultimate boundedness of the formation error.The effectiveness of the proposed controller is demonstrated through both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations.