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Nanobody targeting glycan cap confers broad orthoebolavirus neutralization 认领 引用
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作者 Xinhui Zhang Yi Liao +8 位作者 Xiuying Liu Jingya Zhou Peixiang Gao Xuemeng Dong Shengnan Pan Huarui Duan Junyu Liu Xiaojing Chi Wei Yang 《Virologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第2期413-422,共10页
The Zaire Ebola virus(EBOV)and Bundibugyo virus(BDBV)cause severe hemorrhagic fever with high mortality,highlighting the urgent need for broad-spectrum antiviral therapies.Neutralizing nanobodies,with their small size... The Zaire Ebola virus(EBOV)and Bundibugyo virus(BDBV)cause severe hemorrhagic fever with high mortality,highlighting the urgent need for broad-spectrum antiviral therapies.Neutralizing nanobodies,with their small size,structural stability,and ability to access sterically restricted epitopes,represent a promising antiviral modality.Here,we identified a high-affinity nanobody,BDBV-Nb02,from a fully synthetic phage display library targeting the glycan cap of BDBV glycoprotein(GP1).BDBV-Nb02 demonstrated strong binding kinetics(KD≈1 nM)and potent neutralizing activity against both BDBV and EBOV pseudoviruses,with half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)values in the nanomolar range.Engineering a bivalent format significantly enhanced neutralization potency,achieving up to a 56-fold reduction in the 90%inhibitory concentration(IC90)compared with the monovalent form.Epitope competition assays and molecular docking revealed that BDBV-Nb02 targets a conserved glycan cleft,with residues F248 and NP278/279 identified as critical neutralization sites.In contrast,Fc-fusion constructs impaired the nanobody's efficacy,highlighting the importance of preserving the structural features that enable access to glycan-shielded epitopes.Our findings demonstrate that BDBV-Nb02 is a promising candidate for broad-spectrum orthoebolavirus therapy and may serve as a valuable component in future antiviral cocktail formulations. 展开更多
关键词 Nanobody Orthoebolavirus Neutralizing antibody Glycan cap Broad-spectrum
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Toxicity testing of Ostreopsis cf.ovata:mouse bioassay,cytotoxicity,and hemolysis neutralization assay 认领 引用
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作者 Yuping LAI Qingchun XU +4 位作者 Wenyu GAN Hanbai WANG Shiwei KOU Tianjiu JIANG Tao JIANG 《Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2025年第6期1902-1912,共11页
Ostreopsis cf.ovata is a marine benthic dinoflagellate in tropical and temperate seas and can produce potent toxic compounds.The existence of O.cf.ovata has been found in the Chinese coastal areas,but studies on its t... Ostreopsis cf.ovata is a marine benthic dinoflagellate in tropical and temperate seas and can produce potent toxic compounds.The existence of O.cf.ovata has been found in the Chinese coastal areas,but studies on its toxicity are very few.This study investigated the toxicity of the O.cf.ovata(TIO991)isolated from Weizhou Island in the South China Sea by using methanol and chloroform to extract toxic compounds from the algal cells cultured indoor.Experiments on mouse acute toxicity showed that the crude methanol extract(CME)of O.cf.ovata caused the death of mice in 16–18 min.Furthermore,CME inhibited the cell reproduction of human neuroblastoma cells(BE(2)-M17 cells)by Cell Counting Kit-8 with a dose-and time-effect relationship and caused cell death in the form of cell necrosis.We found that CME had strong hemolytic activity and was significantly inhibited by ouabain,indicating that CME might contain palytoxins.By contrast,the crude chloroform extract of O.cf.ovata was relatively weak in toxicity as obtained in our experiments on mouse acute toxicity,cytotoxicity,and hemolytic activity.This suggests that the algae may raise the potential threat to marine ecosystems and public health. 展开更多
关键词 Ostreopsis cf.ovata hemolysis neutralization assay cytotoxic activity mouse bioassay
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High explosive unexploded ordnance neutralization - Tallboy air bomb case study 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Rafał Mie˛tkiewicz 《Defence Technology（防务技术）》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第3期524-535,共12页
On October 13,2020,on the fairway connecting the Polish Baltic ports ofSwinoujscie and Szczecin,an underwater hazardous object of historical origin in the form of the British deep penetration bomb Tallboy dropped duri... On October 13,2020,on the fairway connecting the Polish Baltic ports ofSwinoujscie and Szczecin,an underwater hazardous object of historical origin in the form of the British deep penetration bomb Tallboy dropped during the bombing of the German cruiser"Lützow"in April 1945 was neutralized successfully.It is believed to be the first underwater action concerning this type of bomb,which has previously been neutralized on land in Europe(Germany,one confirmed case).The preparation of the operation,on an unprecedented scale at national,European and global level,took one year and included a series of projects related to clearing the space around the bomb from other identified UXO objects,international consultations,historical analyses,determination of the risk to residents and critical infrastructure in the event of an explosion of the bomb containing approximately 2400 kg of the TORPEX explosive(with an increased force equivalent to almost 3600 kg of TNT).The object was neutralized on spot at the depth of 12 m,near a ferry crossing,by specialists from the 41st Navy EOD Team from the 12th MCM Squadron(8th Coastal Defence Flotilla),using the Low Order Deflagration technique(underwater deflagration method).In the case discussed,there was an accumulation of unfavourable conditions which practically excluded the use of blow-in-situ explosive methods(BIP),as well as the extraction of the object and its transport to a military ground.After a partial deflagration of the explosive,the explosive was detonated(DDT).Estimates indicate that the deflagration level reached between 55 and 60%,which significantly reduced the strength and effects of the underwater explosion. 展开更多
关键词 Low order technique deflagration Hazardous object neutralization Tallboy neutralization UXO neutralization
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Separation and recovery of scandium and titanium from red mud leaching liquor through a neutralization precipitation-acid leaching approach 认领 引用 被引量：16
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作者 Qingyuan Lei Dewen He +3 位作者 Kanggen Zhou Xuekai Zhang Changhong Peng Wei Chen 《Journal of Rare Earths》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第9期1126-1132,共7页
Selective recovery of scandium and titanium from red mud leaching solution was achieved through neutralization precipitation followed by acid leaching approach.In the neutralization precipitation section,the effects o... Selective recovery of scandium and titanium from red mud leaching solution was achieved through neutralization precipitation followed by acid leaching approach.In the neutralization precipitation section,the effects of pH,temperature and reaction time on metal precipitation efficiency were investigated.Under the optimal co ndition,the precipitation efficiencies of scandium and titanium were 93.74%and 99.47%,respectively.In the acid leaching section,the effects of acidity,temperature,reaction time,and raffinate to acid solution ratio on leaching efficiency were investigated.Under the optimal condition,the leaching efficiencies of scandium and titanium were 99.97%and 5.44%,respectively.The loss of scandium and titanium were 6.3%and 5.9%,respectively.Compared with the traditional extraction procedure of scandium in red mud,this method could separate titanium from scandium effectively,which is beneficial for the purification of the products and improvement of value of the metal. 展开更多
关键词 Red mud Scandium Titanium Neutralization precipitation Acid leaching Rare earths
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Nonlinear Model Algorithmic Control of a pH Neutralization Process 认领 引用 被引量：11
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作者 邹志云 于蒙 +4 位作者 王志甄 刘兴红 郭宇晴 张风波 郭宁 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2013年第4期395-400,共6页
Control of pH neutralization processes is challenging in the chemical process industry because of their inherent strong nonlinearity. In this paper, the model algorithmic control (MAC) strategy is extended to nonlinea... Control of pH neutralization processes is challenging in the chemical process industry because of their inherent strong nonlinearity. In this paper, the model algorithmic control (MAC) strategy is extended to nonlinear processes using Hammerstein model that consists of a static nonlinear polynomial function followed in series by a linear impulse response dynamic element. A new nonlinear Hammerstein MAC algorithm (named NLH-MAC) is presented in detail. The simulation control results of a pH neutralization process show that NLH-MAC gives better control performance than linear MAC and the commonly used industrial nonlinear propotional plus integral plus derivative (PID) controller. Further simulation experiment demonstrates that NLH-MAC not only gives good control response, but also possesses good stability and robustness even with large modeling errors. 展开更多
关键词 model algorithmic control nonlinear model predictive control Hammerstein model pH neutralization process control simulation
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Alkalinity neutralization and structure upgrade of bauxite residue waste via synergistic pyrolysis with biomass 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Chuxuan Li Lu Tang +3 位作者 Jun Jiang Feng Zhu Jingju Zhou Shengguo Xue 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第7期41-47,共7页
Bauxite residues,a large volume solid waste,are in urgent need of effective disposal and management.Especially,strategies to alleviate the high alkalinity of bauxite residue remain a big challenge.Here,we developed a ... Bauxite residues,a large volume solid waste,are in urgent need of effective disposal and management.Especially,strategies to alleviate the high alkalinity of bauxite residue remain a big challenge.Here,we developed a synergistic pyrolysis to neutralize the alkalinity of bauxite residue and upgrade the structure of biomass simultaneously.By cooperating the catalytic feature from bauxite residue,rice straw,a cellulose-enriched biomass,could prefer to produce acidic components under a hypothermal pyrolysis temperature(below 250℃)and partial oxygen-contained atmosphere as evidenced by the synchronous TGA-FTIR analysis.In return,these in-situ produced acidic components neutralized the bauxite residue profoundly(pH decreased from 11.5 to 7.2)to obtain a neutral product with long-term water leaching stability.Also,a higher pyrolysis temperature led to neutral biochar-based products with well-defined carbonization characteristics.Thus,the biomass-driven pyrolysis strategy provides a potential to dispose the alkalinity issue of bauxite residue and further opportunities for the sustainable reuse and continuing management of bauxite residue. 展开更多
关键词 Bauxite residue Rice straw Alkali neutralization Pyrolysis Biochar
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Antibody Cocktail Exhibits Broad Neutralization Activity Against SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 Variants 认领 引用 被引量：9
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作者 Yuanyuan Qu Xueyan Zhang +17 位作者 Meiyu Wang Lina Sun Yongzhong Jiang Cheng Li Wei Wu Zhen Chen Qiangling Yin Xiaolin Jiang Yang Liu Chuan Li Jiandong Li Tianlei Ying Dexin Li Faxian Zhan Youchun Wang Wuxiang Guan Shiwen Wang Mifang Liang 《Virologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第5期934-947,共14页
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Co V-2)has precipitated multiple variants resistant to therapeutic antibodies.In this study,12 high-affinity antibodies were generated from convalescent donors in e... Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Co V-2)has precipitated multiple variants resistant to therapeutic antibodies.In this study,12 high-affinity antibodies were generated from convalescent donors in early outbreaks using immune antibody phage display libraries.Of them,two RBD-binding antibodies(F61 and H121)showed high-affinity neutralization against SARS-Co V-2,whereas three S2-target antibodies failed to neutralize SARS-Co V-2.Following structure analysis,F61 identified a linear epitope located in residues G446–S494,which overlapped with angiotensinconverting enzyme 2(ACE2)binding sites,while H121 recognized a conformational epitope located on the side face of RBD,outside from ACE2 binding domain.Hence the cocktail of the two antibodies achieved better performance of neutralization to SARS-Co V-2.Importantly,these two antibodies also showed efficient neutralizing activities to the variants including B.1.1.7 and B.1.351,and reacted with mutations of N501 Y,E484 K,and L452 R,indicated that it may also neutralize the recent India endemic strain B.1.617.The unchanged binding activity of F61 and H121 to RBD with multiple mutations revealed a broad neutralizing activity against variants,which mitigated the risk of viral escape.Our findings revealed the therapeutic basis of cocktail antibodies against constantly emerging SARS-Co V-2 variants and provided promising candidate antibodies to clinical treatment of COVID-19 patients infected with broad SARS-Co V-2 variants. 展开更多
关键词 Antibody cocktail Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Broad neutralization SARS-CoV-2 variants Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)
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Research on the neutralization control of the RF ion micropropulsion system for the‘Taiji-1’satellite mission 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Jianwu HE Peng LIU +4 位作者 Runlian GAO Changbin XUE Longfei MA Li DUAN Qi KANG 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第9期12-17,共6页
To achieve the neutralization control requirements of the radio-frequency(RF)ion microthruster(μRIT)in the‘Taiji-1’satellite mission,we proposed an active neutralization control solution that is based on the carbon... To achieve the neutralization control requirements of the radio-frequency(RF)ion microthruster(μRIT)in the‘Taiji-1’satellite mission,we proposed an active neutralization control solution that is based on the carbon nanotube field emission technology.The carbon nanotube field emission neutralizer(CNTN)has the characteristics of light weight,small size,and propellantless,which is especially suitable for the neutralization control tasks of ion microthrusters.The Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,in collaboration with Tsinghua University,has successfully developed a CNTN to meet mission requirements.On the ground,the feasibility of cooperation working betweenμRIT and CNTN was fully verified,as well as the simulation and experimental study of neutralization control strategy,which finally passed the engineering assessment test.Since the launch of‘Taiji-1’satellite on 31 August,2019,the RF ion micropropulsion system has successfully completed nearly one hundred test missions in space.The test results indicate that CNTN does not have performance degradation,and the neutralization control strategy is effective. 展开更多
关键词 CNT cathode neutralization micropropulsion Taiji-1
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Isolation of an acid producing Bacillus sp.EEEL02:Potential for bauxite residue neutralization 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 WU Hao LIAO Jia-xin +3 位作者 ZHU Feng Graeme MILLAR Ronan COURTNEYXUE Sheng-guo 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2019年第2期343-352,共10页
Bauxite residue deposit area(BRDA)is a typical abandoned mining wasteland representing extreme hostile environment with increased alkalinity.Microbially-driven neutralization of bauxite residue,based on the microbial ... Bauxite residue deposit area(BRDA)is a typical abandoned mining wasteland representing extreme hostile environment with increased alkalinity.Microbially-driven neutralization of bauxite residue,based on the microbial acid producing metabolisms,is a novel strategy for achieving rapid pH neutralization and thus improving its environmental outcomes.The hypothesis was that these extreme conditions promote microbial communities which are capable of novel ecologically relevant functions.Several alkaliphilic acid producing bacteria were isolated in this study.One strain was selected for its superior growth pattern and acid metabolism(termed EEEL02).Based on the phylogenetic analysis,this strain was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis.The optimized fermentation conditions were as follows:pH 10;NaCl concentration 5%;temperature 25℃;EEEL02 preferred glucose and peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources,respectively.Based on optimal fermentation conditions,EEEL02 induced a significant pH reduction from 10.26 to 5.62 in 5-day incubation test.Acetic acid,propionic acid and CO2(g)were the major acid metabolites of fermentation,suggesting that the pH reduction in bauxite residue may be caused by acid neutralization derived from microbial metabolism.This finding provided the basis of a novel strategy for achieving rapid pH neutralization of bauxite residue. 展开更多
关键词 bauxite residue 16S rDNA Bacillus thuringiensis acid production pH neutralization
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Study of Mutual Improvement of Completed Weathered Phyllite and Red Clay Based on Neutralization Effects of Swelling and Shrinkage Deformation 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 Xiushao Zhao Qijing Yang +2 位作者 Jianglong Rao Daxin Geng Zhouyong Tan 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 EI CAS 2022年第1期203-218,共16页
Completely weathered phyllite(CWP)soil is a kind of special soil with high swell potential,while red clay is a special soil with high shrinkage.This means that these two kinds of special soils are usually not suitable... Completely weathered phyllite(CWP)soil is a kind of special soil with high swell potential,while red clay is a special soil with high shrinkage.This means that these two kinds of special soils are usually not suitable for direct use as subgrade fill.To reduce the swell index of the CWP soil and the shrinkage of red clay at the same time,it was proposed to blend the CWP soil with red clay to improve their basic characteristics.A series of swell index tests and dry-wet cycle tests of the blended soils have been carried out at varying blending ratios,compaction coefficients and moisture contents.The test results show that the free swell index of the blended soil decreases with the increase of red clay,moisture content and compaction coefficient,respectively.The fissure density of the blended soil first decreases and then increases with the blending ratio,with the lowest being zero when the blending ratio is ranging from 20%to 40%.Through particle microscopic analysis and elemental composition analysis,it is found that the neutralization effect,the dilution effect of swell minerals,and the partition effect of coarse particles play an important role in restraining expansion and shrinkage deformation of the blended soil.Based on the liquid limit requirement of Chinese Railway Design Code(TB 10001-2016),the optimal blending ratio of red clay has been proposed to be 50%.Compared with the CWP soil,the free load swell index of the blended soil is reduced by 45.0%and the fissure density is reduced by 99.3%compared with that of red clay.Therefore,it is feasible to improve the CWP soil by blending it with red clay at an optimal ratio of 50%by using the neutralization effect of the expansion of CWP and shrinkage of red clay. 展开更多
关键词 Completely weathered phyllite red clay swell index fissure density neutralization effect blending improvement method
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Serological survey on canine coronavirus antibodies in giant pandas by virus neutralization test 认领 引用 被引量：4
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作者 乔军 夏咸柱 +9 位作者 杨松涛 李德生 胡桂学 高玉伟 孙贺廷 赵忠鹏 谢之景 闫芳 贺文琦 黄耕 《Journal of Forestry Research》 CAS 2004年第4期295-297,共3页
In order to survey the infectious situation of canine coronavirus (CCV) in giant panda population, a virus neutralization test detecting specific antibodies against CCV in giant panda抯 sera was established by using t... In order to survey the infectious situation of canine coronavirus (CCV) in giant panda population, a virus neutralization test detecting specific antibodies against CCV in giant panda抯 sera was established by using two-fold dilutions of serum and 100 TCID50 of the virus. The 62 sera samples of giant pandas, which were gathered from zoos and reserve region of Sichuan Province, China were detected. The neutralization antibody titer of 1:4 was recognized as the positive criterion, 8 sera samples were detected to be positive, and the positive rate was 12.9%. The titers of neutralizing antibody ranged from 1:8 to 1:32. It was the first comprehensive investigation on neutralization antibodies against CCV in giant panda population in China. The results of study showed that the infection of CCV in giant panda population was universal, which has posed a threat to the health of giant panda. Therefore, it is incumbent on us to study safe and effective vaccines to protect giant panda against CCV infection. 展开更多
关键词 Serological survey Canine coronavirus Giant panda Neutralization test
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The view of technological innovation in coal industry under the vision of carbon neutralization 认领 引用 被引量：30
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作者 Quansheng Li 《International Journal of Coal Science & Technology》 EI CAS CSCD 2021年第6期1197-1207,共11页
This paper analyzed the current situation and development trends of energy consumption and carbon emissions,and the current situation and development trend of coal consumption in China.In the context of recently estab... This paper analyzed the current situation and development trends of energy consumption and carbon emissions,and the current situation and development trend of coal consumption in China.In the context of recently established carbon peak and carbon neutralization targets,this paper put forward the main problems associated with the green and low-carbon development and utilization of coal.Five key technological innovation directions in mining were proposed,including green coal development,intelligent and efficient mining,low-carbon utilization and conversion of coal,energy conservation and emission reduction,carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS).Focusing on the above technological innovation directions,it is suggested to carry out three basic theories,including the theory of green efficient intelligent mining,clean and low-carbon utilization and transformation of coal,and CCUS.Meanwhile,it is proposed to develop 12 key technologies,including green coal mining and ecological environment protection,efficient coal mining and intelligent mine construction,key technologies and equipment for efficient coal processing,underground coal gasification and mining,ultra-high parameter and ultra-supercritical power generation technology,intelligent and flexible coal-fired power generation technology,new power cycle coal-fired power generation technology,the development of coal-based special fuels,coal-based bulk and specialty chemicals,energy conservation and consumption reduction,large-scale and low-cost carbon capture,CO2 utilization and storage.Finally,necessary measures from the governmental perspective were also proposed. 展开更多
关键词 Carbon neutralization Technological innovation Clean utilization of coal Clean transformation of coal CCUS
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Regime Map of Dry Neutralization Agglomeration Process Containing Non-Reactive Ingredient on a Laboratory Scale 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Leping Dang Xu Li +2 位作者 Jinsheng Fu Xiaojun Lang Hongyuan Wei 《Transactions of Tianjin University》 EI CAS 2019年第1期66-73,共8页
This study described a regime map for dry neutralization agglomeration. Based on the map, the effects of selected key parameters, such as ingredient composition, operation temperature, agitation speed, and size of Na_... This study described a regime map for dry neutralization agglomeration. Based on the map, the effects of selected key parameters, such as ingredient composition, operation temperature, agitation speed, and size of Na_2CO_3 particles, were investigated using a laboratory-scale mixer, and properties of the agglomeration product were analyzed, including particle size distribution, Hunter color, and flowability. Torque curves evolving during the process were correlated with the system flowability. Three distinguishable regimes were indicated, dry, wet, and transitional, and the agitation speed was found to have a different influence on the agglomeration process for the three regimes. Furthermore, the influence of temperature on reactive agglomeration significantly differed from that in agglomeration processes in which the binder was non-reactive. 展开更多
关键词 Regime map Dry neutralization Agglomeration Non-reactive particles
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A Sensitive and High-Throughput Flow Cytometry-Based Assay for Measuring Antibody Neutralization of Human Adenovirus Type 3 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Zhenwei Liu Xingui Tian +3 位作者 Wenkuan Liu Yuting Xian Weilue Chen Rong Zhou 《Virologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第3期537-544,共8页
The assessment of neutralization activity is an important step in the evaluation of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs).The traditional methods for measuring the antibody neutralization of human adenovirus type 3 (HAd V-3)... The assessment of neutralization activity is an important step in the evaluation of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs).The traditional methods for measuring the antibody neutralization of human adenovirus type 3 (HAd V-3) are the microneutralization (MN) assay,which has insufficient sensitivity,and the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT),which is not suitable for high-throughput screening.Herein,we describe the development of a flow cytometry-based neutralization(FCN) assay for measuring the neutralization of sera,cell culture supernatants,and chimeric antibodies against HAd V-3 on the basis of a recombinant HAd V-3 (r HAd V-3) construct expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP).For flow cytometry-based assays,the optimal cell confluence was determined as 90%,and the virus was titrated using the assay.The established FCN assay follows the percentage law and an optimal MOI of not less than 5 9 10~(-4)was determined by using a purified chimeric antibody.In addition,comparison of the anti-HAd V-3 NAb titers of 72 human serum samples by the MN and FCN assays,showed that both assays correlated strongly with each other.Our FCN assay was an improvement over the MN assay because the observation period was reduced from 3 to 1 days and data analysis could be performed objectively and robotically.Importantly,the newly established FCN assay allows measurement of the neutralization activity of chimeric antibodies expressed in cell culture supernatants.Thus,this sensitive and highthroughput FCN assay is a useful alternative to the MN assay for measuring the antibody neutralization of HAd V-3 and for screening anti-HAd V-3 NAbs in cell culture supernatants. 展开更多
关键词 Sensitive High-throughput Flow cytometry Neutralization Adenovirus
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In vivo neutralization assays by monoclonal antibodies against white spot syndrome virus in crayfish(Cambarus proclarkii) 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 WANG Yinan ZHAN Wenbin +1 位作者 XING Jing JIANG Yousheng 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS 2008年第2期126-132,共7页
The neutralizing activities of eight monoclonal antibodies(MAbs)against white spot syndrome virus(WSSV)(2D2,2B2,1D2,1D5,1C2,4A1,6A4 and 6B4)were analyzed by in vivo experiments.Gills from WSSV-infected shrimp were hom... The neutralizing activities of eight monoclonal antibodies(MAbs)against white spot syndrome virus(WSSV)(2D2,2B2,1D2,1D5,1C2,4A1,6A4 and 6B4)were analyzed by in vivo experiments.Gills from WSSV-infected shrimp were homogenized and ten-fold serially diluted by PBS,and then incubated with MAbs(hybridoma culture supernatant),respectively.The mixture of WSSV and MAbs were injected into crayfish(Procambarus clarkii).After challenge,the death rates of crayfish were counted to determine the neutralizing activities of MAbs.At the same time,the mixture of myeloma culture supernatant and WSSV or PBS was served as positive or negative control,respectively.The results showed that,at each virus dilution,the mean time to death of the crayfish injected with MAb-treated virus was significantly longer than that in the positive control,though they all showed 100%mortality within 25 d,and meanwhile,few crayfish died in the negative control.Among the eight MAbs,2D2,2B2,1D2 and 1D5,especially the former two,delayed the mortality significantly,and 1 C2,4A1 and 6A4 delayed the mortality as well but not so efficiently,while MAb 6IM was efficient only when the virus concentration increased.The results indicated that the anti-WSSV MAbs can neutralize WSSV in different virus dilutions. 展开更多
关键词 crayfish WSSV monoclonal antibodies in vivo neutralization
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Experiment and analysis of the neutralization of the electron cyclotron resonance ion thruster 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Yizhou JIN Juan YANG +2 位作者 Jun SUN Xianchuang LIU Yizhi HUANG 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第10期52-59,共8页
An electron cyclotron resonance ion thruster must emit an electron current equivalent to its ion beam current to prevent the thruster system from being electrically charged. This operation is defined as neutralization... An electron cyclotron resonance ion thruster must emit an electron current equivalent to its ion beam current to prevent the thruster system from being electrically charged. This operation is defined as neutralization. The factors which influence neutralization are categorized into the ion beam current parameters, the neutralizer input parameters, and the neutralizer position. To understand the mechanism of neutralization, an experiment and a calculation study on how these factors influence thruster neutralization are presented. The experiment results show that the minimum bias voltage of the neutralizer was -60 V at the ion beam current of 80 mA for the argon propellant, and a critical gas flow rate existed, below which the coupling voltage increased sharply. Based on the experiment, the neutralization was analyzed by means of a onedimensional calculation model. The computation results show that the coupling voltage was influenced by the beam divergence and the negative potential zone near the grids. 展开更多
关键词 ECR neutralizer ion beam neutralization coupling voltage
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CO2 electrolysis to formic acid for carbon neutralization 认领 引用
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作者 Kezhen Qi Shu-yuan Liu +3 位作者 Yingjie Zhang Hui Zhang Vadim Popkov Oksana Almjasheva 《Green Energy & Environment》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第9期1333-1335,共3页
To avoid carbonate precipitation for CO2 electrolysis,developing CO2 conversion in an acid electrolyte is viewed as an ultimately challenging technology.In Nature,Xia et al.recently explored a proton-exchange me... To avoid carbonate precipitation for CO2 electrolysis,developing CO2 conversion in an acid electrolyte is viewed as an ultimately challenging technology.In Nature,Xia et al.recently explored a proton-exchange membrane system for reducing CO2 to formic acid with a Pb±Pb SO4 composite catalyst derived from waste lead-acid batteries based on the lattice carbon activation mechanism.Up to 93%Faradaic efficiency was realized when formic acid was produced by this technology. 展开更多
关键词 CO2 electrolysis Proton-exchange membrane system Faradaic efficiency Carbon neutralization CO2 reduction reaction
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Mutual neutralization in low-energy collisions of Na++H-ions 认领 引用
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作者 王堃 董川 +3 位作者 屈一至 吴勇 林晓贺 Robert J.Buenker 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第8期25-31,共7页
The low-energy mutual neutralization(MN)reactions Na++H-→Na(nl)+H have been studied by employing the full quantum-mechanical molecular-orbital close-coupling(QMOCC)method over a wide energy range of 10-3-10^... The low-energy mutual neutralization(MN)reactions Na++H-→Na(nl)+H have been studied by employing the full quantum-mechanical molecular-orbital close-coupling(QMOCC)method over a wide energy range of 10-3-103 e V/u.Total and state-selective cross sections have been investigated and compared with the available theoretical and experimental data,and the state-selective rate coefficients for the temperature range of 100-10000 K have been obtained.In the present work,all the necessary highly excited states are included,and the influences of rotational couplings and 10 active electrons are considered.It is found that in the energy below 10 e V/u,the Na(4s)state is the most dominant exit state with a contribution of approximately 78%to the branch fraction,which is in best agreement with the experimental data.For energies above 10 e V/u,the MN total cross section is larger than those obtained in other theoretical calculations and shows a slow decreasing trend because the main exit states change,when the energy is above 100 e V/u,the dominant exit state becomes the Na(3p)state,while the Na(4s)state becomes the third most important exit state.The datasets presented in this paper,including the potential energy curve,the radial and rotational couplings,the total and state-selective cross sections,are openly available at http://gffzzd3cc09b8251d45dfs0965bvbwnq6b6ppv.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00112. 展开更多
关键词 mutual neutralization cross section rate coefficient quantum-mechanical molecular-orbital closecoupling(QMOCC)method
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An Effective Platform for SARS-CoV-2 Prevention by Combining Neutralization and RNAi Technology 认领 引用
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作者 Jun-Xiang Zhou Xue Yin Hao-Jun Liang 《Chinese Journal of Polymer Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第3期327-333,I0005,共7页
At present,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is a global health crisis.Scientists all over the globe are urgently looking forward to an effective solution to prevent the spread of the epidemic and avoid m... At present,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is a global health crisis.Scientists all over the globe are urgently looking forward to an effective solution to prevent the spread of the epidemic and avoid more casualties at an early date.In this study,we establish an effective platform for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 by combining the neutralization strategy and RNAi technology.To protect normal cells from infection,the customized cells are constructed to stably express viral antigenic receptor ACE2 on the cell membrane.These modified cells are used as bait for inducing the viral entry.The transcription and replication activities of viral genome are intercepted subsequently by the intracellular sh RNAs,which are complementary to the viral gene fragments.A pseudotyped virus reconstructed from the HIV lentivirus is utilized as a virus model,by which we validate the feasibility and effectiveness of our strategy in vitro.Our work establishes an initial model and lays the foundation for future prevention and treatment of various RNA viruses. 展开更多
关键词 SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization ACE2 RNAi Pseudotypedvirus
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Influence of gaseous and particulate species on neutralization processes of polar aerosol and snow——A case study from Ny-?lesund 认领 引用
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作者 Roseline C.Thakur Meloth Thamban 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2019年第2期12-25,共14页
The inter-conversion of nitrogen and sulfur species between the gas and particulate phases and their interaction with alkaline species influences the acidity of the aerosols and surface snow. To better understand thes... The inter-conversion of nitrogen and sulfur species between the gas and particulate phases and their interaction with alkaline species influences the acidity of the aerosols and surface snow. To better understand these processes, a short field campaign was undertaken in Ny-?lesund,Svalbard, during 13th April 2012 to 24th April 2012. Air measurements were carried out through a particulate sampler equipped with denuders and filter packs for simultaneous collection of trace gases(HNO_3, NO_2, SO_2 and reactive nitrogen compounds) and aerosols, with daily collection of snow samples. Ionic composition of the samples was analyzed using ion chromatography technique. The results suggested that nitrate-rich aerosols are formed when PAN(peroxy acetyl nitrate) disassociates to form NO_2 and HNO_3 which further hydrolyzes to form pNO_3^-(particulate nitrate). This resulted in a high contribution of pNO_3^-(62%) to the total nitrogen budget over the study area. The acidity of the aerosols and snow evaluated through cation/anion ratio(C/A)indicated alkaline conditions with C/A > 2. The bicarbonates/carbonates of Mg2+ played an important role in neutralization processes of surface snow while the role of NH_3 was dominant in aerosol neutralization processes. Such neutralization processes can increase the aerosol hygroscopicity causing warming. Chloride depletion in the snow was significant as compared to the aerosols, indicating two important processes, scavenging of coarse sea salt by the snow and gaseous adsorption of SO_2 on the snow surface. However, a more systematic and long term study is required for a better understanding of the neutralization processes and chemical interconversions. 展开更多
关键词 Particulate Aerosol Scavenging Neutralization Arctic
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