A series of Ni-CeO2 catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method with Na2CO3, NaOH, and mixed precipitant (Na2CO3:NaOH; 1:1 ratio) as precipitant, respectively. The effect of the precipitants on the catalyti...A series of Ni-CeO2 catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method with Na2CO3, NaOH, and mixed precipitant (Na2CO3:NaOH; 1:1 ratio) as precipitant, respectively. The effect of the precipitants on the catalytic performance, physical and chemical properties of Ni-CeO2 catalysts was investigated with the aid of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Bmmaner-Emmett-Teller method (BET), Fou- rier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry (TG), and H2-TPR characterizations. The Ni-CeO2 catalysts were exam- ined with respect to their catalytic performance for the reverse water-gas shift reaction, and their catalytic activities were ranked as: Ni-CeO2-CP (Na2CO3:NaOH=I:I)〉Ni-CeO2-CP(Na2CO3)〉Ni-CeO2-CP(NaOH)- Correlating to the characteristic results, it was found that the catalyst prepared by co-precipitation with mixed precipitant (Na2CO3:NaOH; 1:1 ratio) as precipitant hadthe most amount of oxygen vacancies accompanied with highly dispersed Ni particles, which made the corresponding Ni-CeO2-CP(Na2CO3:NaOH=I: 1) catalyst exhibit the highest catalytic activity. While the precipitant of Na2CO3 or NaOH resulted in less or no oxygen vacancies in Ni-CeO2 catalysts. As a result, Ni-CeO2-CP(Na2CO3) and Ni-CeO2-CP(NaOH) catalysts presented poor catalytic performance.展开更多
基于双脉冲电沉积技术在活性钛基(TA2)表面制备纳米晶Ni镀层。通过涂层附着力测试对比研究HF体系和DMF改良型活化液对TA2基体与表面镀层界面结合力的影响;借助TEM、FESEM和XRD等表征技术探讨添加纳米CeO_2粒子前后对纳米电沉积层中Ni晶...基于双脉冲电沉积技术在活性钛基(TA2)表面制备纳米晶Ni镀层。通过涂层附着力测试对比研究HF体系和DMF改良型活化液对TA2基体与表面镀层界面结合力的影响;借助TEM、FESEM和XRD等表征技术探讨添加纳米CeO_2粒子前后对纳米电沉积层中Ni晶织构生长的影响;通过对纳米压痕及不同载荷下"十字交叉"型环形硬度压痕特征观察,分析复合CeO_2粒子对Ni镀层表面强韧性的影响机制;进一步探讨在高速干摩擦条件下复合CeO_2粒子对Ni镀层抗磨损的作用。结果表明:在45+80 k Hz交变频率超声振荡条件下,电解液中的活性CeO_2粒子能有效吸附在优先生长Ni晶尖端,同时降低了Ni晶生长Gibbs自由能,并演变为Ni晶的催化形核中心来诱发异质形核;纳米压痕测试表明:在500 g高载荷测试条件下,相对于纯Ni镀层试样的硬度压痕边缘的明显开裂和外拓迹象,Ni-CeO_2复合镀层试样则表现为收敛性和连续完整的压痕边缘特征,显示出良好的强韧性。基于干摩擦过程中释放出大量的热,促使部分稀土CeO_2相弥散或少量析出Ce溶质原子,具有对滑移的位错和晶界等缺陷产生钉扎拖拽作用,由此建立以Orowan位错绕过强化和位错塞积的机制模型;干摩擦过程促使部分富Ce磨损产物与Ni O氧化膜机械混合来充当固体润滑剂,能起到良好的减摩作用,弥补了Ti表面耐磨性差等缺陷。展开更多
Nickel catalysts supported on CeO2-ZrO2-CeO2,ZrO2-Al2O3 and Al2O3 were prepared and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD),BET areas,H2 temperature-programmed reduction(H2-TPR),and X-ray photoelectron sp...Nickel catalysts supported on CeO2-ZrO2-CeO2,ZrO2-Al2O3 and Al2O3 were prepared and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD),BET areas,H2 temperature-programmed reduction(H2-TPR),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Through the test of catalytic partial oxidation of methane(CPOM),Ni/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 displayed the highest activity,which resulted from its largest BET area and best NiO dispersion.Furthermore,Ni/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 maintained a long-time stability in CPOM,which was attributed to its best coking resistance among all the prepared catalysts.展开更多
基金Project supported by Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Y4110220)Foundation of the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education(Y200908245)Foundation of the Dinghai Academy of Science and Technology(201006)
摘要A series of Ni-CeO2 catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method with Na2CO3, NaOH, and mixed precipitant (Na2CO3:NaOH; 1:1 ratio) as precipitant, respectively. The effect of the precipitants on the catalytic performance, physical and chemical properties of Ni-CeO2 catalysts was investigated with the aid of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Bmmaner-Emmett-Teller method (BET), Fou- rier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry (TG), and H2-TPR characterizations. The Ni-CeO2 catalysts were exam- ined with respect to their catalytic performance for the reverse water-gas shift reaction, and their catalytic activities were ranked as: Ni-CeO2-CP (Na2CO3:NaOH=I:I)〉Ni-CeO2-CP(Na2CO3)〉Ni-CeO2-CP(NaOH)- Correlating to the characteristic results, it was found that the catalyst prepared by co-precipitation with mixed precipitant (Na2CO3:NaOH; 1:1 ratio) as precipitant hadthe most amount of oxygen vacancies accompanied with highly dispersed Ni particles, which made the corresponding Ni-CeO2-CP(Na2CO3:NaOH=I: 1) catalyst exhibit the highest catalytic activity. While the precipitant of Na2CO3 or NaOH resulted in less or no oxygen vacancies in Ni-CeO2 catalysts. As a result, Ni-CeO2-CP(Na2CO3) and Ni-CeO2-CP(NaOH) catalysts presented poor catalytic performance.
摘要基于双脉冲电沉积技术在活性钛基(TA2)表面制备纳米晶Ni镀层。通过涂层附着力测试对比研究HF体系和DMF改良型活化液对TA2基体与表面镀层界面结合力的影响;借助TEM、FESEM和XRD等表征技术探讨添加纳米CeO_2粒子前后对纳米电沉积层中Ni晶织构生长的影响;通过对纳米压痕及不同载荷下"十字交叉"型环形硬度压痕特征观察,分析复合CeO_2粒子对Ni镀层表面强韧性的影响机制;进一步探讨在高速干摩擦条件下复合CeO_2粒子对Ni镀层抗磨损的作用。结果表明:在45+80 k Hz交变频率超声振荡条件下,电解液中的活性CeO_2粒子能有效吸附在优先生长Ni晶尖端,同时降低了Ni晶生长Gibbs自由能,并演变为Ni晶的催化形核中心来诱发异质形核;纳米压痕测试表明:在500 g高载荷测试条件下,相对于纯Ni镀层试样的硬度压痕边缘的明显开裂和外拓迹象,Ni-CeO_2复合镀层试样则表现为收敛性和连续完整的压痕边缘特征,显示出良好的强韧性。基于干摩擦过程中释放出大量的热,促使部分稀土CeO_2相弥散或少量析出Ce溶质原子,具有对滑移的位错和晶界等缺陷产生钉扎拖拽作用,由此建立以Orowan位错绕过强化和位错塞积的机制模型;干摩擦过程促使部分富Ce磨损产物与Ni O氧化膜机械混合来充当固体润滑剂,能起到良好的减摩作用,弥补了Ti表面耐磨性差等缺陷。
基金Project supported by State Key Fundamental Research Project(G1999022400)
摘要Nickel catalysts supported on CeO2-ZrO2-CeO2,ZrO2-Al2O3 and Al2O3 were prepared and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD),BET areas,H2 temperature-programmed reduction(H2-TPR),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Through the test of catalytic partial oxidation of methane(CPOM),Ni/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 displayed the highest activity,which resulted from its largest BET area and best NiO dispersion.Furthermore,Ni/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 maintained a long-time stability in CPOM,which was attributed to its best coking resistance among all the prepared catalysts.