Globally,approximately 25%of clouds are considered overlapping,which are critical to the Earth's radiation budget and the evolution of weather systems.However,traditional physical methods fail to retrieve all-day ...Globally,approximately 25%of clouds are considered overlapping,which are critical to the Earth's radiation budget and the evolution of weather systems.However,traditional physical methods fail to retrieve all-day overlapping cloud microphysical properties from passive remote-sensing satellites due to their complex vertical structure,which remains an ongoing challenge.To address this,we propose a probabilistic deep learning model to retrieve overlapping cloud microphysical properties from the Aqua satellite's thermal infrared channels and integrate this algorithm into Da Yu CLoud Analysis System(Da Yu-CLAS),with the model referred to as Overlap-Cloud Diff.The results show that Da Yu-CLAS excels in cloud-phase classification with an overall accuracy of 88.18%and a multi-layer cloud precision rate of 76.08%during the daytime,while the retrieval results for upper-layer ice clouds yield RMSEs of 6.66µm for cloud effective radius(CER)and 2.78 for cloud optical thickness(COT),and lower-layer water clouds with RMSEs of 19.60µm(CER)and11.76(COT).Da Yu-CLAS outperforms the deterministic model with the same input during the daytime,particularly in capturing probabilistic distributions.Additionally,generating diverse ensemble members helps the model estimate uncertainty,enhancing retrieval reliability.展开更多
Achieving reliable modulation recognition for overlapping dual-component emitter signals in dense,low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)electromagnetic environments presents a formidable challenge for modern electronic reconn...Achieving reliable modulation recognition for overlapping dual-component emitter signals in dense,low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)electromagnetic environments presents a formidable challenge for modern electronic reconnaissance.Conventional deep learning approaches,which primarily rely on time-frequency images(TFIs),often overlook intrinsic physical properties of signals,resulting in substantial performance degradation under severe noise conditions.To address this,we propose the I/Q and Time-Frequency Gated Fusion Network(IQTF-GFN),a novel cross-modal fusion framework that systematically integrates physical priors into advanced deep learning architectures.The framework employs a parallel dual-branch structure to jointly process one-dimensional(1D)I/Q sequences and twodimensional(2D)TFIs.Its key innovations include the incorporation of physical priors into the I/Q branch via a Higher-Order Statistics(HOS)pathway for noise-invariant feature extraction,an attentiondriven Multi-Instance Learning(MIL)mechanism in the TFI branch to adaptively emphasize salient spectral regions,and a task-aware gating network for dynamic and intelligent fusion.Extensive experiments across 10 Monte Carlo trials demonstrate that IQTF-GFN sets a new state-of-the-art(SOTA)benchmark in both robustness and efficiency.Under the challenging condition of-9 d B SNR,the framework achieves an average Exact Match Ratio(EMR)of 94.11%,outperforming the strongest baseline by more than 11 percentage points.Remarkably,this performance is delivered by a highly efficient architecture with only 19.64 million parameters and 1.38 GFLOPs.The design reduces the theoretical computational load by up to 78%and achieves a practical inference latency of just 0.52 ms per sample.By combining high accuracy with computational efficiency,IQTF-GFN provides a robust and practical solution,introducing a new paradigm for embedding physical priors into deep learning for complex electromagnetic signal recognition.展开更多
Accurately recognizing driver distraction is critical for preventing traffic accidents,yet current detection models face two persistent challenges.First,distractions are often fine-grained,involving subtle cues such a...Accurately recognizing driver distraction is critical for preventing traffic accidents,yet current detection models face two persistent challenges.First,distractions are often fine-grained,involving subtle cues such as brief eye closures or partial yawns,which are easily missed by conventional detectors.Second,in real-world scenarios,drivers frequently exhibit overlapping behaviors,such as simultaneously holding a cup,closing their eyes,and yawning,leading tomultiple detection boxes and degradedmodel performance.Existing approaches fail to robustly address these complexities,resulting in limited reliability in safety critical applications.To overcome these pain points,we propose YOLO-Drive,a novel framework that enhances YOLO-based driver monitoring with EfficientViM and Polarized Spectral–Spatial Attention(PSSA)modules.Efficient ViMprovides lightweight yet powerful global–local feature extraction,enabling accurate recognition of subtle driver states.PSSA further amplifies discriminative features across spatial and spectral domains,ensuring robust separation of concurrent distraction cues.By explicitly modeling fine-grained and overlapping behaviors,our approach delivers significant improvements in both precision and robustness.Extensive experiments on benchmark driver distraction datasets demonstrate that YOLO-Drive consistently out-performs stateof-the-art models,achieving higher detection accuracy while maintaining real-time efficiency.These results validate YOLO-Drive as a practical and reliable solution for advanced driver monitoring systems,addressing long-standing challenges of subtle cue recognition and multi-cue distraction detection.展开更多
Focusing on the unclear mechanism of aerodynamic interference in overlapping rotors of heavy-load electric vertical take-off and landing(eVTOL)aircraft,this paper aims to reveal the aerodynamic interference characteri...Focusing on the unclear mechanism of aerodynamic interference in overlapping rotors of heavy-load electric vertical take-off and landing(eVTOL)aircraft,this paper aims to reveal the aerodynamic interference characteristics and flow field evolution laws of overlapping rotor configurations in hovering conditions through numerical simulation methods.The research method involves constructing a computational model for rotor flow fields and aerodynamic characteristics based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)equations and the Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)turbulence model.The dynamic simulation of rotor rotational motion was achieved by using the moving nested grid technology.The reliability of the computational method was ensured through the grid independence verification and the comparison with experimental data.The research results indicate that in overlapping rotor systems,rotorⅡexperiences a decrease in thrust,significant power fluctuations,and reduced hovering efficiency due to continuous interference from the adjacent rotor’s wake and blade-vortex interactions.Blade-tip vortices undergo breakage,fusion,and secondary rolling in the overlapping region,forming large-scale turbulent structures that lead to attenuation of the induced velocity field and aerodynamic efficiency losses.Additionally,the interaction between the rotor downwash and the fuselage triggers a“fountain effect”and a sudden increase in surface pressure on the fuselage,exacerbating flow field distortion.Based on the aforementioned mechanisms,the safe flight of overlapping rotor configurations can be achieved by optimizing the configuration strategy of the rotational speed phase difference between adjacent blades.This study provides a theoretical basis for the rotor layout design and the aerodynamic performance enhancement of heavy-load eVTOL aircraft.展开更多
In order to solve the problem of poor formability caused by different materials and properties in the process of tailor-welded sheets forming,a forming method was proposed to change the stress state of tailor-welded s...In order to solve the problem of poor formability caused by different materials and properties in the process of tailor-welded sheets forming,a forming method was proposed to change the stress state of tailor-welded sheets by covering the tailor-welded sheets with better plastic properties overlapping sheets.At the same time,the interface friction effect between the overlapping and tailor-welded sheets was utilized to control the stress magnitude and further improve the formability and quality of the tailor-welded sheets.In this work,the bulging process of the tailor-welded overlapping sheets was taken as the research object.Aluminum alloy tailor-welded overlapping sheets bulging specimens were studied by a combination of finite element analysis and experimental verification.The results show that the appropriate use of interface friction between tailor-welded and overlapping sheets can improve the formability of tailor-welded sheets and control the flow of weld seam to improve the forming quality.When increasing the interface friction coefficient on the side of tailor-welded sheets with higher strength and decreasing that on the side of tailor-welded sheets with lower strength,the deformation of the tailor-welded sheets are more uniform,the offset of the weld seam is minimal,the limit bulging height is maximal,and the forming quality is optimal.展开更多
To meet the intelligent detection needs of underwater defects in large hydropower stations,the hydrodynamic performance of a bionic streamlined remotely operated vehicle containing a thruster protective net structure ...To meet the intelligent detection needs of underwater defects in large hydropower stations,the hydrodynamic performance of a bionic streamlined remotely operated vehicle containing a thruster protective net structure is numerically simulated via computational fluid dynamics and overlapping mesh technology.The results show that the entity model generates greater hydrodynamic force during steady motion,whereas the square net model experiences greater force and moment during unsteady motion.The lateral and vertical force coefficients of the entity model are 4.32 and 3.13 times greater than those of the square net model in the oblique towing test simulation.The square net model also offers better static and dynamic stability,with a 24.5%increase in dynamic stability,achieving the highest lift-to-drag ratio at attack angles of 6°∼8°.This research provides valuable insights for designing and controlling underwater defect detection vehicles for large hydropower stations.展开更多
Detecting overlapping communities in attributed networks remains a significant challenge due to the complexity of jointly modeling topological structure and node attributes,the unknown number of communities,and the ne...Detecting overlapping communities in attributed networks remains a significant challenge due to the complexity of jointly modeling topological structure and node attributes,the unknown number of communities,and the need to capture nodes with multiple memberships.To address these issues,we propose a novel framework named density peaks clustering with neutrosophic C-means.First,we construct a consensus embedding by aligning structure-based and attribute-based representations using spectral decomposition and canonical correlation analysis.Then,an improved density peaks algorithm automatically estimates the number of communities and selects initial cluster centers based on a newly designed cluster strength metric.Finally,a neutrosophic C-means algorithm refines the community assignments,modeling uncertainty and overlap explicitly.Experimental results on synthetic and real-world networks demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance in terms of detection accuracy,stability,and its ability to identify overlapping structures.展开更多
Effectively handling imbalanced datasets remains a fundamental challenge in computational modeling and machine learning,particularly when class overlap significantly deteriorates classification performance.Traditional...Effectively handling imbalanced datasets remains a fundamental challenge in computational modeling and machine learning,particularly when class overlap significantly deteriorates classification performance.Traditional oversampling methods often generate synthetic samples without considering density variations,leading to redundant or misleading instances that exacerbate class overlap in high-density regions.To address these limitations,we propose Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network Variational Density Estimation WGAN-VDE,a computationally efficient density-aware adversarial resampling framework that enhances minority class representation while strategically reducing class overlap.The originality of WGAN-VDE lies in its density-aware sample refinement,ensuring that synthetic samples are positioned in underrepresented regions,thereby improving class distinctiveness.By applying structured feature representation,targeted sample generation,and density-based selection mechanisms strategies,the proposed framework ensures the generation of well-separated and diverse synthetic samples,improving class separability and reducing redundancy.The experimental evaluation on 20 benchmark datasets demonstrates that this approach outperforms 11 state-of-the-art rebalancing techniques,achieving superior results in F1-score,Accuracy,G-Mean,and AUC metrics.These results establish the proposed method as an effective and robust computational approach,suitable for diverse engineering and scientific applications involving imbalanced data classification and computational modeling.展开更多
Benefitting from the non-invasive and quantitative detection property,liquid NMR spectroscopy shows broad applications in the identification,separation,and structural determination of chemical substances in mixtures.H...Benefitting from the non-invasive and quantitative detection property,liquid NMR spectroscopy shows broad applications in the identification,separation,and structural determination of chemical substances in mixtures.However,its applications,especially to probing complex mixtures that contain abundant components and complicated molecular structures,somewhat encounter the challenge of spectral congestion.In this study,we demonstrate the ultra-selective extraction of targeted components from overlapped NMR spectra for mixture analyses by investigating the applications of the recent 1D selective GEMSTONE-TOCSY approach.This strategy first adopts an ultra-selective chemical shift filter to choose the targeted spins related to the components of interest,even though situated at overlapped spectral regions with decent suppression on unwanted surrounding signals.Sequentially,it utilizes the 1D selective TOCSY scheme to accurately extract total coupling networks associated with targeted spins,and then spectroscopically separate individual components,thus resolving overlapped NMR spectra.Apart from the measurements on electrolyte and sugar mixtures,experimental results demonstrate that it also allows one to analyze heterogeneous biological tissues containing plentiful metabolites and intrinsic field inhomogeneity via specific probe access to targeted components.Therefore,this study demonstrates a useful tool for component analyses and molecular structure measurements on complex chemical and biological mixtures,and it shows promising prospects for wide applications in the fields of chemistry,biology,energy,etc.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBIs)frequently report coexisting anxiety and depression;yet data on the prevalence,clinical impact and temporal association of psychological comorbidities ...BACKGROUND Patients with disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBIs)frequently report coexisting anxiety and depression;yet data on the prevalence,clinical impact and temporal association of psychological comorbidities across the full spectrum of DGBIs,particularly regarding overlap syndromes,remain limited.AIM To evaluate the prevalence and temporal relationship of anxiety and depression among DGBIs,and assess the impact of overlapping DGBIs.METHODS In this prospective cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care centre in northern India,adults fulfilling Rome IV criteria for DGBIs were enrolled and compared with age-and sex-matched controls.Anxiety and depression were assessed using validated Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item and Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item depression scales,and health-related quality-of-life using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems(PROMIS)global questionnaire.RESULTS Among 1044 patients with DGBIs,anxiety and depression were present in 64.2%and 37.8%,respectively;being significantly higher in patients with overlapping DGBIs compared with single DGBI(81.2%vs 52.8%;and 51.3%vs 28.7%,respectively;both P<0.0001).Health-related quality-of-life was significantly worse among DGBI patients,particularly those with overlap syndromes.In temporal analyses,gastrointestinal symptoms preceded the onset of anxiety in 71.0%and depression in 78.5%patients(P<0.0001),with DGBI overlap being the strongest predictor of anxiety and depression.CONCLUSION DGBIs are associated with a substantial psychological burden,especially in patients with overlapping syndromes.Gastrointestinal symptom onset commonly antedates psychological distress,supporting a clinically relevant‘gutfirst’trajectory.Early recognition and effective management of DGBIs may therefore play a role in mitigating subsequent psychological morbidity,underscoring the need for integrated management.展开更多
Vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of an underwater manipulator in pulsating flow presents a notable engineering problem in precise control due to the velocity variation in the flow.This study investigates the VIV response ...Vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of an underwater manipulator in pulsating flow presents a notable engineering problem in precise control due to the velocity variation in the flow.This study investigates the VIV response of an underwater manipulator subjected to pulsating flow,focusing on how different postures affect the behavior of the system.The effects of pulsating parameters and manipulator arrangement on the hydrodynamic coefficient,vibration response,motion trajectory,and vortex shedding behaviors were analyzed.Results indicated that the cross flow vibration displacement in pulsating flow increased by 32.14%compared to uniform flow,inducing a shift in the motion trajectory from a crescent shape to a sideward vase shape.In the absence of interference between the upper and lower arms,the lift coefficient of the manipulator substantially increased with rising pulsating frequency,reaching a maximum increment of 67.0%.This increase in the lift coefficient led to a 67.05%rise in the vibration frequency of the manipulator in the in-line direction.As the pulsating amplitude increased,the drag coefficient of the underwater manipulator rose by 36.79%,but the vibration frequency in the cross-flow direction decreased by 56.26%.Additionally,when the upper and lower arms remained in a state of mutual interference,the cross-flow vibration amplitudes of the upper and lower arms were approximately 1.84 and 4.82 times higher in a circular-elliptical arrangement compared to an elliptical-circular arrangement,respectively.Consequently,the flow field shifted from a P+S pattern to a disordered pattern,disrupting the regularity of the motion trajectory.展开更多
In small overlap collision,rear-seat occupants face elevated injury risks.This study conducts multi-objective opti-mization of the rear-seat occupant restraint system to reduce these injury risks and enhance overall v...In small overlap collision,rear-seat occupants face elevated injury risks.This study conducts multi-objective opti-mization of the rear-seat occupant restraint system to reduce these injury risks and enhance overall vehicle safety performance.Based on real-world traffic accident data,a full-vehicle crash simulation model was established and validated with the actual injury data.Weighted injury criteria(WIC)and neck injury metrics(Nij)were selected as optimization objectives.The rear-seat restraint system was optimized using NSGA-Ⅱ and TOPSIS algorithms to determine the optimal parameter configurations.The optimized parameters were subsequently reintegrated into the simulation model for validation.The results demonstrate a significant reduction in occupant injuries,with WIC and Nij reduced by 30.3%and 20.7%,respectively.展开更多
While it is well established that climate change is driving species toward higher latitudes,the spatiotemporal dynamics of dispersal—particularly from subtropical to warm-temperate zones—remain poorly understood.Her...While it is well established that climate change is driving species toward higher latitudes,the spatiotemporal dynamics of dispersal—particularly from subtropical to warm-temperate zones—remain poorly understood.Here,we combined ecological niche differentiation,functional landscape connectivity,and species distribution models(SDMs)to investigate the northward expansion of the Collared Finchbill(Spizixos semitorques)from southern China(subtropical zone)to northern China(warm temperate zone)over the past decade(2015–2024).The species was first recorded in Beijing in 2015,providing a clear temporal marker for the onset of rapid colonization at the expansion front.Our analyses revealed that compared to native-range populations,those in the expansion region show a partial shift in their ecological niche,occupying new environmental and geographic spaces.Functional landscape connectivity analysis further identified two main dispersal routes from the native range toward the expansion front region:a dominant“mountain corridor”along the Qinling,Taihang,and Yanshan ranges,and a secondary“plain corridor”across the eastern plains,with Mount Tai serving as a key dispersal hub.Moreover,SDM-based projections for 2060 and 2100 suggest that this northward expansion might continue and reach Liaoning Province,which could become a potential suitable habitat.Overall,our findings highlight the critical interplay between climatic niche shifts and landscape connectivity in facilitating rapid range expansion,providing a mechanistic framework for understanding how subtropical species colonize warmtemperate zones.展开更多
BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)is the most effective treatment for the advanced stages of primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC).However,up to 30%of patients develop recurrence of PSC(rPSC),which negatively affects ...BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)is the most effective treatment for the advanced stages of primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC).However,up to 30%of patients develop recurrence of PSC(rPSC),which negatively affects graft and patient outcomes.Given the heterogeneous nature of PSC,patients undergo LT either due to endstage liver disease(ESLD)or to symptoms that significantly reduce quality of life(non-ESLD),such as recurrent bacterial cholangitis or refractory pruritus.However,it remains unclear whether these indicators influence post-LT outcomes.AIM To compare post-LT outcomes between PSC recipients with ESLD and non-ESLD indications,and identify rPSC and graft failure risk factors.METHODS This single-center retrospective study comprised 131 adult LT recipients for PSC(including PSC/autoimmune overlap).Patients were grouped by listing indication for comparison of ESLD vs non-ESLD.ESLD was defined as model for ESLD score≥15 and Child-Pugh score≥8,or≥1 sign of decompensated cirrhosis.Time-to-event outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox models with time-updated covariates.RESULTS No significant difference was found in the incidence of rPSC,graft survival,or overall survival between patients indicated for LT for ESLD and those with nonadvanced symptomatic disease.Cytomegalovirus infection(hazard ratio[HR]=2.16;95%confidence interval[CI]:1.05-4.46),acute cellular rejection(ACR)(HR=3.95;95%CI:1.44-10.8),and length of hospitalization after LT(HR=1.02;95%CI:1.01-1.04)were significantly associated with risk of rPSC.In addition,multiple episodes of ACR(HR=4.93;95%CI:1.22-19.9)and the length of hospitalization after LT(HR=1.04;95%CI:1.01-1.06)were significantly associated with graft failure.CONCLUSION Patients with PSC with advanced liver cirrhosis before LT did not have worse post-transplant outcomes than those without ESLD.Cytomegalovirus infection,ACR,and prolonged hospitalization after LT were associated with worse outcomes after LT in PSC.展开更多
Upper extremity arterial trauma remains a challenging clinical entity,often complicated by concomitant orthopedic,neurologic and soft-tissue injuries.In this issue,Chen et al published in World Journal of Cardiology p...Upper extremity arterial trauma remains a challenging clinical entity,often complicated by concomitant orthopedic,neurologic and soft-tissue injuries.In this issue,Chen et al published in World Journal of Cardiology present a decade-long retrospective analysis evaluating the clinical performance of bare metal stent(BMS)-assisted endovascular repair for upper limb arterial injuries,offering compelling evidence that BMS may play a more significant role than previously appreciated.They describe a refined“working track”technique to restore luminal continuity across traumatic arterial disruption,followed by overlapping BMS placement.In their cohort,BMS-assisted repair demonstrated durable patency over long-term follow-up.Importantly,the BMS group achieved better functional recovery,reflected by significantly lower Disabilities of the Arm,Shoulder and Hand scores than controls.These findings highlight not only the mechanical resilience of modern stent platforms in anatomically mobile segments but also the potential of BMS to minimize thrombosis risk,challenging the traditional bias favoring graft interposition or covered stents in trauma settings.Despite limitations inherent to retrospective and incomplete follow-up data,this study adds important real-world insights to an underexplored domain of endovascular trauma management.The work by Chen et al underscores the need for prospective,randomized controlled studies to clarify the optimal role of BMS in upper extremity revascularization and invites the interventional community to reconsider long-standing paradigms in limb-salvage strategies.展开更多
The influences of strength coefficient K, work hardening exponent n and thickness t of the overlapping sheet on bulging process are analyzed based on hardening material model. Also, bulging experiments are carried out...The influences of strength coefficient K, work hardening exponent n and thickness t of the overlapping sheet on bulging process are analyzed based on hardening material model. Also, bulging experiments are carried out by taking the aluminum alloy LF21 as formed sheet metal, and selecting overlapping sheet with different thicknesses and material properties, by which accuracy of the above analysis result is verified in the aspects of geometric shape, thickness distribution and limit bulging height. The results show that higher strength coefficient K, larger work hardening exponent n and proper thickness of the overlapping sheet are helpful to improve the formability and forming uniformity of formed sheet metal.展开更多
PyQED is an open-source Python package designed for the numerical simulation of strongly coupled elec-tron-nuclear quantum dynamics,in particular,conical intersection dy-namics.Besides conventional nona-diabatic wavep...PyQED is an open-source Python package designed for the numerical simulation of strongly coupled elec-tron-nuclear quantum dynamics,in particular,conical intersection dy-namics.Besides conventional nona-diabatic wavepacket dynamics methods based on the Born-Huang representation and mixed quantum-classical Ehrenfest dynamics,PyQED implements the geometric quantum dynamics based on the local diabatic representation,which provides a numerically exact framework for nonadiabatic quantum molecular dynamics.It differs from the conven-tional Born-Huang representation in that all non-Born-Oppenheimer effects are accounted for by a single electronic overlap matrix between adiabatic states,therefore removing the sin-gular derivative couplings.The complete workflow for ab initio modeling of conical intersec-tion dynamics is illustrated through the internal conversion dynamics in the H3+cation.PyQED provides a powerful and user-friendly computational platform for first-principles quantum dynamics,with applications to photochemical and photophysical processes.展开更多
Community detection is an important methodology for understanding the intrinsic structure and function of a realworld network. In this paper, we propose an effective and efficient algorithm, called Dominant Label Prop...Community detection is an important methodology for understanding the intrinsic structure and function of a realworld network. In this paper, we propose an effective and efficient algorithm, called Dominant Label Propagation Algorithm(Abbreviated as DLPA), to detect communities in complex networks. The algorithm simulates a special voting process to detect overlapping and non-overlapping community structure in complex networks simultaneously. Our algorithm is very efficient, since its computational complexity is almost linear to the number of edges in the network. Experimental results on both real-world and synthetic networks show that our algorithm also possesses high accuracies on detecting community structure in networks.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFF0808303)。
摘要Globally,approximately 25%of clouds are considered overlapping,which are critical to the Earth's radiation budget and the evolution of weather systems.However,traditional physical methods fail to retrieve all-day overlapping cloud microphysical properties from passive remote-sensing satellites due to their complex vertical structure,which remains an ongoing challenge.To address this,we propose a probabilistic deep learning model to retrieve overlapping cloud microphysical properties from the Aqua satellite's thermal infrared channels and integrate this algorithm into Da Yu CLoud Analysis System(Da Yu-CLAS),with the model referred to as Overlap-Cloud Diff.The results show that Da Yu-CLAS excels in cloud-phase classification with an overall accuracy of 88.18%and a multi-layer cloud precision rate of 76.08%during the daytime,while the retrieval results for upper-layer ice clouds yield RMSEs of 6.66µm for cloud effective radius(CER)and 2.78 for cloud optical thickness(COT),and lower-layer water clouds with RMSEs of 19.60µm(CER)and11.76(COT).Da Yu-CLAS outperforms the deterministic model with the same input during the daytime,particularly in capturing probabilistic distributions.Additionally,generating diverse ensemble members helps the model estimate uncertainty,enhancing retrieval reliability.
摘要Achieving reliable modulation recognition for overlapping dual-component emitter signals in dense,low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)electromagnetic environments presents a formidable challenge for modern electronic reconnaissance.Conventional deep learning approaches,which primarily rely on time-frequency images(TFIs),often overlook intrinsic physical properties of signals,resulting in substantial performance degradation under severe noise conditions.To address this,we propose the I/Q and Time-Frequency Gated Fusion Network(IQTF-GFN),a novel cross-modal fusion framework that systematically integrates physical priors into advanced deep learning architectures.The framework employs a parallel dual-branch structure to jointly process one-dimensional(1D)I/Q sequences and twodimensional(2D)TFIs.Its key innovations include the incorporation of physical priors into the I/Q branch via a Higher-Order Statistics(HOS)pathway for noise-invariant feature extraction,an attentiondriven Multi-Instance Learning(MIL)mechanism in the TFI branch to adaptively emphasize salient spectral regions,and a task-aware gating network for dynamic and intelligent fusion.Extensive experiments across 10 Monte Carlo trials demonstrate that IQTF-GFN sets a new state-of-the-art(SOTA)benchmark in both robustness and efficiency.Under the challenging condition of-9 d B SNR,the framework achieves an average Exact Match Ratio(EMR)of 94.11%,outperforming the strongest baseline by more than 11 percentage points.Remarkably,this performance is delivered by a highly efficient architecture with only 19.64 million parameters and 1.38 GFLOPs.The design reduces the theoretical computational load by up to 78%and achieves a practical inference latency of just 0.52 ms per sample.By combining high accuracy with computational efficiency,IQTF-GFN provides a robust and practical solution,introducing a new paradigm for embedding physical priors into deep learning for complex electromagnetic signal recognition.
基金funded by the Guangzhou Development Zone Science and Technology Project(2023GH02)the University of Macao(MYRG2022-00271-FST)research grants by the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao(0032/2022/A)and(0019/2025/RIB1).
摘要Accurately recognizing driver distraction is critical for preventing traffic accidents,yet current detection models face two persistent challenges.First,distractions are often fine-grained,involving subtle cues such as brief eye closures or partial yawns,which are easily missed by conventional detectors.Second,in real-world scenarios,drivers frequently exhibit overlapping behaviors,such as simultaneously holding a cup,closing their eyes,and yawning,leading tomultiple detection boxes and degradedmodel performance.Existing approaches fail to robustly address these complexities,resulting in limited reliability in safety critical applications.To overcome these pain points,we propose YOLO-Drive,a novel framework that enhances YOLO-based driver monitoring with EfficientViM and Polarized Spectral–Spatial Attention(PSSA)modules.Efficient ViMprovides lightweight yet powerful global–local feature extraction,enabling accurate recognition of subtle driver states.PSSA further amplifies discriminative features across spatial and spectral domains,ensuring robust separation of concurrent distraction cues.By explicitly modeling fine-grained and overlapping behaviors,our approach delivers significant improvements in both precision and robustness.Extensive experiments on benchmark driver distraction datasets demonstrate that YOLO-Drive consistently out-performs stateof-the-art models,achieving higher detection accuracy while maintaining real-time efficiency.These results validate YOLO-Drive as a practical and reliable solution for advanced driver monitoring systems,addressing long-standing challenges of subtle cue recognition and multi-cue distraction detection.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11872211)。
摘要Focusing on the unclear mechanism of aerodynamic interference in overlapping rotors of heavy-load electric vertical take-off and landing(eVTOL)aircraft,this paper aims to reveal the aerodynamic interference characteristics and flow field evolution laws of overlapping rotor configurations in hovering conditions through numerical simulation methods.The research method involves constructing a computational model for rotor flow fields and aerodynamic characteristics based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)equations and the Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)turbulence model.The dynamic simulation of rotor rotational motion was achieved by using the moving nested grid technology.The reliability of the computational method was ensured through the grid independence verification and the comparison with experimental data.The research results indicate that in overlapping rotor systems,rotorⅡexperiences a decrease in thrust,significant power fluctuations,and reduced hovering efficiency due to continuous interference from the adjacent rotor’s wake and blade-vortex interactions.Blade-tip vortices undergo breakage,fusion,and secondary rolling in the overlapping region,forming large-scale turbulent structures that lead to attenuation of the induced velocity field and aerodynamic efficiency losses.Additionally,the interaction between the rotor downwash and the fuselage triggers a“fountain effect”and a sudden increase in surface pressure on the fuselage,exacerbating flow field distortion.Based on the aforementioned mechanisms,the safe flight of overlapping rotor configurations can be achieved by optimizing the configuration strategy of the rotational speed phase difference between adjacent blades.This study provides a theoretical basis for the rotor layout design and the aerodynamic performance enhancement of heavy-load eVTOL aircraft.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52075347,51575364)and the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Provincial(No.2022-MS-295)。
摘要In order to solve the problem of poor formability caused by different materials and properties in the process of tailor-welded sheets forming,a forming method was proposed to change the stress state of tailor-welded sheets by covering the tailor-welded sheets with better plastic properties overlapping sheets.At the same time,the interface friction effect between the overlapping and tailor-welded sheets was utilized to control the stress magnitude and further improve the formability and quality of the tailor-welded sheets.In this work,the bulging process of the tailor-welded overlapping sheets was taken as the research object.Aluminum alloy tailor-welded overlapping sheets bulging specimens were studied by a combination of finite element analysis and experimental verification.The results show that the appropriate use of interface friction between tailor-welded and overlapping sheets can improve the formability of tailor-welded sheets and control the flow of weld seam to improve the forming quality.When increasing the interface friction coefficient on the side of tailor-welded sheets with higher strength and decreasing that on the side of tailor-welded sheets with lower strength,the deformation of the tailor-welded sheets are more uniform,the offset of the weld seam is minimal,the limit bulging height is maximal,and the forming quality is optimal.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4703401).
摘要To meet the intelligent detection needs of underwater defects in large hydropower stations,the hydrodynamic performance of a bionic streamlined remotely operated vehicle containing a thruster protective net structure is numerically simulated via computational fluid dynamics and overlapping mesh technology.The results show that the entity model generates greater hydrodynamic force during steady motion,whereas the square net model experiences greater force and moment during unsteady motion.The lateral and vertical force coefficients of the entity model are 4.32 and 3.13 times greater than those of the square net model in the oblique towing test simulation.The square net model also offers better static and dynamic stability,with a 24.5%increase in dynamic stability,achieving the highest lift-to-drag ratio at attack angles of 6°∼8°.This research provides valuable insights for designing and controlling underwater defect detection vehicles for large hydropower stations.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72571150)。
摘要Detecting overlapping communities in attributed networks remains a significant challenge due to the complexity of jointly modeling topological structure and node attributes,the unknown number of communities,and the need to capture nodes with multiple memberships.To address these issues,we propose a novel framework named density peaks clustering with neutrosophic C-means.First,we construct a consensus embedding by aligning structure-based and attribute-based representations using spectral decomposition and canonical correlation analysis.Then,an improved density peaks algorithm automatically estimates the number of communities and selects initial cluster centers based on a newly designed cluster strength metric.Finally,a neutrosophic C-means algorithm refines the community assignments,modeling uncertainty and overlap explicitly.Experimental results on synthetic and real-world networks demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance in terms of detection accuracy,stability,and its ability to identify overlapping structures.
基金supported by Ongoing Research Funding Program(ORF-2025-488)King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
摘要Effectively handling imbalanced datasets remains a fundamental challenge in computational modeling and machine learning,particularly when class overlap significantly deteriorates classification performance.Traditional oversampling methods often generate synthetic samples without considering density variations,leading to redundant or misleading instances that exacerbate class overlap in high-density regions.To address these limitations,we propose Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network Variational Density Estimation WGAN-VDE,a computationally efficient density-aware adversarial resampling framework that enhances minority class representation while strategically reducing class overlap.The originality of WGAN-VDE lies in its density-aware sample refinement,ensuring that synthetic samples are positioned in underrepresented regions,thereby improving class distinctiveness.By applying structured feature representation,targeted sample generation,and density-based selection mechanisms strategies,the proposed framework ensures the generation of well-separated and diverse synthetic samples,improving class separability and reducing redundancy.The experimental evaluation on 20 benchmark datasets demonstrates that this approach outperforms 11 state-of-the-art rebalancing techniques,achieving superior results in F1-score,Accuracy,G-Mean,and AUC metrics.These results establish the proposed method as an effective and robust computational approach,suitable for diverse engineering and scientific applications involving imbalanced data classification and computational modeling.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22204038)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JZ2024HGTB0231)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22073078,12075072,and 12275228).
摘要Benefitting from the non-invasive and quantitative detection property,liquid NMR spectroscopy shows broad applications in the identification,separation,and structural determination of chemical substances in mixtures.However,its applications,especially to probing complex mixtures that contain abundant components and complicated molecular structures,somewhat encounter the challenge of spectral congestion.In this study,we demonstrate the ultra-selective extraction of targeted components from overlapped NMR spectra for mixture analyses by investigating the applications of the recent 1D selective GEMSTONE-TOCSY approach.This strategy first adopts an ultra-selective chemical shift filter to choose the targeted spins related to the components of interest,even though situated at overlapped spectral regions with decent suppression on unwanted surrounding signals.Sequentially,it utilizes the 1D selective TOCSY scheme to accurately extract total coupling networks associated with targeted spins,and then spectroscopically separate individual components,thus resolving overlapped NMR spectra.Apart from the measurements on electrolyte and sugar mixtures,experimental results demonstrate that it also allows one to analyze heterogeneous biological tissues containing plentiful metabolites and intrinsic field inhomogeneity via specific probe access to targeted components.Therefore,this study demonstrates a useful tool for component analyses and molecular structure measurements on complex chemical and biological mixtures,and it shows promising prospects for wide applications in the fields of chemistry,biology,energy,etc.
摘要BACKGROUND Patients with disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBIs)frequently report coexisting anxiety and depression;yet data on the prevalence,clinical impact and temporal association of psychological comorbidities across the full spectrum of DGBIs,particularly regarding overlap syndromes,remain limited.AIM To evaluate the prevalence and temporal relationship of anxiety and depression among DGBIs,and assess the impact of overlapping DGBIs.METHODS In this prospective cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care centre in northern India,adults fulfilling Rome IV criteria for DGBIs were enrolled and compared with age-and sex-matched controls.Anxiety and depression were assessed using validated Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item and Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item depression scales,and health-related quality-of-life using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems(PROMIS)global questionnaire.RESULTS Among 1044 patients with DGBIs,anxiety and depression were present in 64.2%and 37.8%,respectively;being significantly higher in patients with overlapping DGBIs compared with single DGBI(81.2%vs 52.8%;and 51.3%vs 28.7%,respectively;both P<0.0001).Health-related quality-of-life was significantly worse among DGBI patients,particularly those with overlap syndromes.In temporal analyses,gastrointestinal symptoms preceded the onset of anxiety in 71.0%and depression in 78.5%patients(P<0.0001),with DGBI overlap being the strongest predictor of anxiety and depression.CONCLUSION DGBIs are associated with a substantial psychological burden,especially in patients with overlapping syndromes.Gastrointestinal symptom onset commonly antedates psychological distress,supporting a clinically relevant‘gutfirst’trajectory.Early recognition and effective management of DGBIs may therefore play a role in mitigating subsequent psychological morbidity,underscoring the need for integrated management.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51905211)A Project of the“20 Regulations for New Universities”Funding Program of Jinan(No.202228116).
摘要Vortex-induced vibration(VIV)of an underwater manipulator in pulsating flow presents a notable engineering problem in precise control due to the velocity variation in the flow.This study investigates the VIV response of an underwater manipulator subjected to pulsating flow,focusing on how different postures affect the behavior of the system.The effects of pulsating parameters and manipulator arrangement on the hydrodynamic coefficient,vibration response,motion trajectory,and vortex shedding behaviors were analyzed.Results indicated that the cross flow vibration displacement in pulsating flow increased by 32.14%compared to uniform flow,inducing a shift in the motion trajectory from a crescent shape to a sideward vase shape.In the absence of interference between the upper and lower arms,the lift coefficient of the manipulator substantially increased with rising pulsating frequency,reaching a maximum increment of 67.0%.This increase in the lift coefficient led to a 67.05%rise in the vibration frequency of the manipulator in the in-line direction.As the pulsating amplitude increased,the drag coefficient of the underwater manipulator rose by 36.79%,but the vibration frequency in the cross-flow direction decreased by 56.26%.Additionally,when the upper and lower arms remained in a state of mutual interference,the cross-flow vibration amplitudes of the upper and lower arms were approximately 1.84 and 4.82 times higher in a circular-elliptical arrangement compared to an elliptical-circular arrangement,respectively.Consequently,the flow field shifted from a P+S pattern to a disordered pattern,disrupting the regularity of the motion trajectory.
基金supported by the Action Plan for High Quality De-velopment of Graduate Education of Chongqing University of Tech-nology(Grant No.gzlcx20252050)Toyota Motor(China)Investment Co.,Ltd.,(Grant No.2022Q493)the Science and Technology Re-search Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.KJQN202403238).
摘要In small overlap collision,rear-seat occupants face elevated injury risks.This study conducts multi-objective opti-mization of the rear-seat occupant restraint system to reduce these injury risks and enhance overall vehicle safety performance.Based on real-world traffic accident data,a full-vehicle crash simulation model was established and validated with the actual injury data.Weighted injury criteria(WIC)and neck injury metrics(Nij)were selected as optimization objectives.The rear-seat restraint system was optimized using NSGA-Ⅱ and TOPSIS algorithms to determine the optimal parameter configurations.The optimized parameters were subsequently reintegrated into the simulation model for validation.The results demonstrate a significant reduction in occupant injuries,with WIC and Nij reduced by 30.3%and 20.7%,respectively.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFC2607503)the Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(2023IOZ0104)the Science Foundation of Hebei Normal University(L2025B22)。
摘要While it is well established that climate change is driving species toward higher latitudes,the spatiotemporal dynamics of dispersal—particularly from subtropical to warm-temperate zones—remain poorly understood.Here,we combined ecological niche differentiation,functional landscape connectivity,and species distribution models(SDMs)to investigate the northward expansion of the Collared Finchbill(Spizixos semitorques)from southern China(subtropical zone)to northern China(warm temperate zone)over the past decade(2015–2024).The species was first recorded in Beijing in 2015,providing a clear temporal marker for the onset of rapid colonization at the expansion front.Our analyses revealed that compared to native-range populations,those in the expansion region show a partial shift in their ecological niche,occupying new environmental and geographic spaces.Functional landscape connectivity analysis further identified two main dispersal routes from the native range toward the expansion front region:a dominant“mountain corridor”along the Qinling,Taihang,and Yanshan ranges,and a secondary“plain corridor”across the eastern plains,with Mount Tai serving as a key dispersal hub.Moreover,SDM-based projections for 2060 and 2100 suggest that this northward expansion might continue and reach Liaoning Province,which could become a potential suitable habitat.Overall,our findings highlight the critical interplay between climatic niche shifts and landscape connectivity in facilitating rapid range expansion,providing a mechanistic framework for understanding how subtropical species colonize warmtemperate zones.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic in cooperation with the Czech Health Research Council,No.NU21J-06-00027 and No.NU22-06-00269Ministry of Health,Czech Republic(Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine),No.IN 00023001.
摘要BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)is the most effective treatment for the advanced stages of primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC).However,up to 30%of patients develop recurrence of PSC(rPSC),which negatively affects graft and patient outcomes.Given the heterogeneous nature of PSC,patients undergo LT either due to endstage liver disease(ESLD)or to symptoms that significantly reduce quality of life(non-ESLD),such as recurrent bacterial cholangitis or refractory pruritus.However,it remains unclear whether these indicators influence post-LT outcomes.AIM To compare post-LT outcomes between PSC recipients with ESLD and non-ESLD indications,and identify rPSC and graft failure risk factors.METHODS This single-center retrospective study comprised 131 adult LT recipients for PSC(including PSC/autoimmune overlap).Patients were grouped by listing indication for comparison of ESLD vs non-ESLD.ESLD was defined as model for ESLD score≥15 and Child-Pugh score≥8,or≥1 sign of decompensated cirrhosis.Time-to-event outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox models with time-updated covariates.RESULTS No significant difference was found in the incidence of rPSC,graft survival,or overall survival between patients indicated for LT for ESLD and those with nonadvanced symptomatic disease.Cytomegalovirus infection(hazard ratio[HR]=2.16;95%confidence interval[CI]:1.05-4.46),acute cellular rejection(ACR)(HR=3.95;95%CI:1.44-10.8),and length of hospitalization after LT(HR=1.02;95%CI:1.01-1.04)were significantly associated with risk of rPSC.In addition,multiple episodes of ACR(HR=4.93;95%CI:1.22-19.9)and the length of hospitalization after LT(HR=1.04;95%CI:1.01-1.06)were significantly associated with graft failure.CONCLUSION Patients with PSC with advanced liver cirrhosis before LT did not have worse post-transplant outcomes than those without ESLD.Cytomegalovirus infection,ACR,and prolonged hospitalization after LT were associated with worse outcomes after LT in PSC.
摘要Upper extremity arterial trauma remains a challenging clinical entity,often complicated by concomitant orthopedic,neurologic and soft-tissue injuries.In this issue,Chen et al published in World Journal of Cardiology present a decade-long retrospective analysis evaluating the clinical performance of bare metal stent(BMS)-assisted endovascular repair for upper limb arterial injuries,offering compelling evidence that BMS may play a more significant role than previously appreciated.They describe a refined“working track”technique to restore luminal continuity across traumatic arterial disruption,followed by overlapping BMS placement.In their cohort,BMS-assisted repair demonstrated durable patency over long-term follow-up.Importantly,the BMS group achieved better functional recovery,reflected by significantly lower Disabilities of the Arm,Shoulder and Hand scores than controls.These findings highlight not only the mechanical resilience of modern stent platforms in anatomically mobile segments but also the potential of BMS to minimize thrombosis risk,challenging the traditional bias favoring graft interposition or covered stents in trauma settings.Despite limitations inherent to retrospective and incomplete follow-up data,this study adds important real-world insights to an underexplored domain of endovascular trauma management.The work by Chen et al underscores the need for prospective,randomized controlled studies to clarify the optimal role of BMS in upper extremity revascularization and invites the interventional community to reconsider long-standing paradigms in limb-salvage strategies.
基金Project(51205260)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(L2012046)supported by the Liaoning Provincial Committee of Education,China
摘要The influences of strength coefficient K, work hardening exponent n and thickness t of the overlapping sheet on bulging process are analyzed based on hardening material model. Also, bulging experiments are carried out by taking the aluminum alloy LF21 as formed sheet metal, and selecting overlapping sheet with different thicknesses and material properties, by which accuracy of the above analysis result is verified in the aspects of geometric shape, thickness distribution and limit bulging height. The results show that higher strength coefficient K, larger work hardening exponent n and proper thickness of the overlapping sheet are helpful to improve the formability and forming uniformity of formed sheet metal.
基金supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(Nos.22473090 and 92356310).
摘要PyQED is an open-source Python package designed for the numerical simulation of strongly coupled elec-tron-nuclear quantum dynamics,in particular,conical intersection dy-namics.Besides conventional nona-diabatic wavepacket dynamics methods based on the Born-Huang representation and mixed quantum-classical Ehrenfest dynamics,PyQED implements the geometric quantum dynamics based on the local diabatic representation,which provides a numerically exact framework for nonadiabatic quantum molecular dynamics.It differs from the conven-tional Born-Huang representation in that all non-Born-Oppenheimer effects are accounted for by a single electronic overlap matrix between adiabatic states,therefore removing the sin-gular derivative couplings.The complete workflow for ab initio modeling of conical intersec-tion dynamics is illustrated through the internal conversion dynamics in the H3+cation.PyQED provides a powerful and user-friendly computational platform for first-principles quantum dynamics,with applications to photochemical and photophysical processes.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61173093 and 61202182)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2012 M521776)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Chinathe Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Shannxi Province,Chinathe Natural Science Basic Research Plan of Shaanxi Province,China(Grant Nos.2013JM8019 and 2014JQ8359)
摘要Community detection is an important methodology for understanding the intrinsic structure and function of a realworld network. In this paper, we propose an effective and efficient algorithm, called Dominant Label Propagation Algorithm(Abbreviated as DLPA), to detect communities in complex networks. The algorithm simulates a special voting process to detect overlapping and non-overlapping community structure in complex networks simultaneously. Our algorithm is very efficient, since its computational complexity is almost linear to the number of edges in the network. Experimental results on both real-world and synthetic networks show that our algorithm also possesses high accuracies on detecting community structure in networks.