The unique regulatory effect of pH on electrostatic interactions offers a powerful approach for manipulating and separating singlestranded DNA(ssDNA)molecules.In this study,we employ Langevin dynamics simulations to i...The unique regulatory effect of pH on electrostatic interactions offers a powerful approach for manipulating and separating singlestranded DNA(ssDNA)molecules.In this study,we employ Langevin dynamics simulations to investigate the translocation dynamics of two ssDNAs,poly(dA)and poly(dT),through a silicon nitride nanopore under acidic conditions.The key distinction between the two chains is their different pH-dependent protonation.At low pH,the highly protonated adenine bases experience repulsive interactions from the similarly protonated nanopore surface and the retarding force from the external voltage,whereas neutral thymine bases do not.Consequently,compared to poly(dT),poly(dA)exhibits a lower capture probability and slower translocation speed under strongly acidic conditions.However,the difference in the translocation behaviors between the two chains gradually diminishes as the pH increases.Based on their distinct pH-dependent behaviors,poly(dA)and poly(dT)of identical length can be successfully separated through the translocation strategy at low pH,even when they are initially mixed on the same side of the nanopore.展开更多
2026 marks the beginning of the"15th Five-Year Plan"period,ushering in a new phase for China's knitting industry.The 2026 PH Value China International Knitting Fair(Spring Edition)(hereinafter referred t...2026 marks the beginning of the"15th Five-Year Plan"period,ushering in a new phase for China's knitting industry.The 2026 PH Value China International Knitting Fair(Spring Edition)(hereinafter referred to as the 2026 PH Value Knitting Fair),the first major exhibition of the year for the knitting industry,was held from March 11 to 13 at Hall 3 of the National Exhibition and Convention Center(Shanghai).展开更多
Silage corn feed is an important source of roughage for cattle and sheep breeding.Its pH value can quickly reflect the quality of feed and is one of the main indicators for evaluating the fermentation quality of feed....Silage corn feed is an important source of roughage for cattle and sheep breeding.Its pH value can quickly reflect the quality of feed and is one of the main indicators for evaluating the fermentation quality of feed.In this study,the pH value of silage corn feed was non-destructively and rapidly detected based on near-infrared spectroscopy analysis technology.The silage corn feed of dairy farms in Tai’an City,Shandong Province was taken as the research object.The spectra of 855~1890 nm of samples were collected based on a miniature near-infrared spectroscopy acquisition system,and the pH value prediction model of silage corn feed was established by combining chemometrics methods.Firstly,a miniature near-infrared spectroscopy acquisition system was introduced.The system was used to collect the near-infrared spectral data of 260 silage corn feed samples.The near-infrared spectral data were preprocessed by standard normal transformation,moving mean filtering,and multiple scattering correction.The wavelength was optimized by algorithms such as elimination of uninformative variables,competitive adaptive reweighted sampling algorithm,and variable iterative space shrinkage.The support vector regression(SVR)model based on snake optimization(SO)was used.The model was established by combining the pH value of the leaching solution of silage corn feed with the pH meter.The results show that the full-band modeling based on multiple scattering correction(MSC)pretreatment is the best,the modeling effect of the characteristic wavelength selected based on variable iterative space shrinkage approach(VISSA)is the best,and the modeling effect of MSC-VISSA-SO-SVR model is the best,and the correction correlation coefficient is 0.990531.The corrected root mean square error is 0.083545,the predicted correlation coefficient is 0.980487,and the predicted root mean square error is 0.127718.The results of this study show that the combination of MSC-VISSA-SO-SVR model based on micro near-infrared spectroscopy acquisition system can provide a reference for non-destructive detection of pH value of silage corn feed by near-infrared spectroscopy.展开更多
The electrochemical performance and corrosion properties of Fe40Mn20Cr20Ni20 high-entropy alloys(HEAs)in a 3.5%NaCl solution with various pH values were thoroughly investigated.The results revealed a close...The electrochemical performance and corrosion properties of Fe40Mn20Cr20Ni20 high-entropy alloys(HEAs)in a 3.5%NaCl solution with various pH values were thoroughly investigated.The results revealed a close correlation between the corrosion properties of HEAs and the pH value.On the one hand,the pH value can affect the semiconducting properties of the passive film on the alloy surfaces,thereby further influencing the protective capacity of the passive film.On the other hand,an excess of H+or OH−promotes the growth of localized corrosion,facilitating the formation of a larger number of larger-sized localized corrosion pits.Ultimately,the corrosion of HEAs is most severe in acidic solutions.展开更多
pH value is a key factor in the preparation of nano-sized TiO2 with hydrothermal method. Using Ti(SO4)2 as the titanium source, H2O2 as the complexing agent, NaOH and HCl as the pH value regulator, nano- sized TiO2 ...pH value is a key factor in the preparation of nano-sized TiO2 with hydrothermal method. Using Ti(SO4)2 as the titanium source, H2O2 as the complexing agent, NaOH and HCl as the pH value regulator, nano- sized TiO2 powder with various morphologies and sizes was synthesized. Changes in morphology, size and phase type with pH values of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron micro- scopy (TEM) measurements. Results show that under the present preparation conditions, TiO2 powder is an anatase phase with pH value less than 11, but is more likely to be a brookite phase with pH value more than 11. With the increase in pH value from 1 to 11 in hydrothermal envi- ronment, nano-sized anatase TiO2 gradually grows up in all directions. {001 }, { 101 } and { 100} groups of crystal plane are the exposed crystal planes of nano-sized anatase TiO2 for the (004), (101) and (200) facets found in high-reso- lution TEM image. The photocatalytic performance of nano-sized TiO2 with different morphologies was com- pared by measuring their photocatalytic degradation rates for methylene blue under ultraviolet light. Results show that anatase TiO2 prepared under the alkalescenthydrothermal environment (pH = 9, 11) has a better pho- tocatalytic degrading performance. Different sizes and phases of nanoscaled TiO2 powders with different photo- catalytic performances can be prepared by the control of pH value of hydrothermal solutions.展开更多
The effect of pH values on the extracellular protein and polysaccharide secretions of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was comparatively investigated in different phases of bacterial growth during chalcopyrite bioleachi...The effect of pH values on the extracellular protein and polysaccharide secretions of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was comparatively investigated in different phases of bacterial growth during chalcopyrite bioleaching. The results indicate that the extracellular protein is always more than the extracellular polysaccharide secreted by attached cells on the chalcopyrite, on the contrary, and is always less than the extracellular polysaccharide secreted by free cells in the solution at bacterial adaptive phase, logarithmic phase and stationary phase whenever pH value is at 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 or 2.5; free cells are mainly through the secretion of extracellular polysaccharide rather than the extracellular protein to fight against disadvantageous solution environment, such as high concentration of metal ions and unsuitable pH solution; both amounts of polysaccharide and protein secreted by attached cells are mainly positively related to the solution acidity rather than the total concentration of soluble metal ions. The experimental results imply that bacteria are mainly through secreting more extracellular polysaccharide to fight against disadvantageous environment and the extracellular protein perhaps plays an important role in oxidation?reduction reactions in the bioleaching system.展开更多
A series of Y1_xPO4:xTb3+ (x=0.005-0.1) phosphors were successfully fabricated by using co-precipitation method with NHzH2PO4 as phosphorus source. The structure and morphology characterization of the luminescent ...A series of Y1_xPO4:xTb3+ (x=0.005-0.1) phosphors were successfully fabricated by using co-precipitation method with NHzH2PO4 as phosphorus source. The structure and morphology characterization of the luminescent material was investigated with X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The XRD patterns indicated that the samples belonged to tetragonal phase. Luminescence properties were discussed by measuring the excitation and emission spectra. The phosphor could be excited by UV light (340-390 nm) and emitted green light, with the emission peaks located at 491 (5Da→7F6), 550 (SD4→7Fs), 589 (5D4→7F4) and 624 nm (SD4→TF3). In addition, the pH value and activator concentration had great effects on the emission intensity. The results illuminated that this phosphor could be used for UV based white light emitting diodes and co-precipitation method could be used to prepare better appearance phosphor.展开更多
The corrosion behaviours of die-cast AZ91D magnesium alloys were investigated in 0.1 mol/L sodium sulphate (Na 2 SO 4 ) solutions with different pH values. The corrosion rates, morphologies, and compositions of the ...The corrosion behaviours of die-cast AZ91D magnesium alloys were investigated in 0.1 mol/L sodium sulphate (Na 2 SO 4 ) solutions with different pH values. The corrosion rates, morphologies, and compositions of the corrosion products were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The results indicate that the order of corrosion rates in Na 2 SO 4 solutions with various pH values is pH 2pH 4pH 7pH 9pH 12. The corrosion rates in acidic solutions are higher than those in alkaline solutions, and the corrosion products are mainly magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH) 2 ) and hydrated sulphate pickeringite (MgAl 2 (SO 4 ) 4 ·22H 2 O). The results also indicate that the solution pH can influence the corrosion rate and morphology of corrosion products. Chloride ions and sulphate ions have different pitting initiation time.展开更多
The passive film-induced stress and the susceptibility to SCC of 7050 aluminum alloy in 3.5%sodium chloride solution at various pH values were investigated by slow strain rate testing(SSRT) and flowing stress differ...The passive film-induced stress and the susceptibility to SCC of 7050 aluminum alloy in 3.5%sodium chloride solution at various pH values were investigated by slow strain rate testing(SSRT) and flowing stress differential method.The results showed that the passive film-induced stress and the susceptibility to SCC decreased with increasing pH values when pH≤7,while they increased with increasing pH values when pH7.However,the corrosion type was interpreted as exfoliation corrosion when pH=l and 14,and there was no film formed on the surface of the specimens.The whole variation plots of film-induced stress and the SCC susceptibility with pH values were both presented as a valley shape.The symbol and amount of the film-induced stress were related to the compositions of the passive film,which were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).展开更多
The Li3V2(PO4)3/C composite cathode material was synthesized via sol-gel method using three different chelating agents (citric acid, salicylic acid and polyacrylic acid) at pH value of 3 or 7. The crystal structur...The Li3V2(PO4)3/C composite cathode material was synthesized via sol-gel method using three different chelating agents (citric acid, salicylic acid and polyacrylic acid) at pH value of 3 or 7. The crystal structure, morphology, specific surface area and electrochemical performance of the prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic charge/discharge test. The results show that the effects of pH value on the performance of the prepared materials are greatly related to the chelating agents. With salicylic acid or polyacrylic acid as the chelating reagent, the structure, morphology and electrochemical performance of the samples are greatly influenced by the pH values. However, the structure of the materials with citric acid as the chelating agent does not change as pH value changes, and the materials own uniform particle size distribution and good electrochemical performance. It delivers an initial discharge capacity of 113.58 mA·h/g at 10C, remaining as high as 108.48 mA·h/g after 900 cycles, with a capacity retention of 95.51%.展开更多
Chloride content and the pH value of the pore solution in the neighborhood of steel reinforcement are decisive pa- rameters for initiation and rate of corrosion. The pore solution of cement mortar and hardened cement ...Chloride content and the pH value of the pore solution in the neighborhood of steel reinforcement are decisive pa- rameters for initiation and rate of corrosion. The pore solution of cement mortar and hardened cement paste has been expressed from the pore space by high pressure in the investigation. The influence of the water-cement ratio, age, and addition of chloride to the fresh mix on chloride content in the pore solution has been determined by ion chromatography. At the same time the pH value of the pore solution has been determined. The dissolved chloride content decreases with increase in the water-cement ratio. The amount of bound chloride increases with time, but it decreases with decreasing content of dissolved chloride in the pore solution. A significant influence of carbonation on the dissolved chloride content of the pore solution has been observed. With complete carbonation, the dissolved chloride content in cement mortar and hardened cement paste increases by a factor between 2 and 12. The bound chloride decreases by 27%--54%. As expected, the pH value decreases from around 13.2 to as low as 8.0 due to car- bonation. It can be concluded that carbonation not only lowers the pH value but liberates bound chloride. This is one obvious reason why the combined action of chloride penetration and carbonation accelerates steel corrosion and shortens the service life of reinforced concrete structures.展开更多
In this paper, bifunctional Fe3O4@Gd203:Eu3+ core-shell nanoparticles with both magnetic and fluorescent properties were synthesized through a urea homogeneous precipitation (UHP) method. Particular emphasis was p...In this paper, bifunctional Fe3O4@Gd203:Eu3+ core-shell nanoparticles with both magnetic and fluorescent properties were synthesized through a urea homogeneous precipitation (UHP) method. Particular emphasis was placed on investigating the influence of the solution pH value on the photoluminescence of the core-shell nanocomposites. It showed that the samples treated at the solution of pH=3.0 had the highest luminescence due to the enhanced crystallinity and size tmiformity of nanoparticles. The Fe3O4@Gd2O3:Eu3+ nanocomposites exhibited an almost spherical shape with a mean diameter of 60 nm, and had strong red emissions of Eu3+ at 612 nm as well as good magnetization with the saturation magnetization of 1.29 emu/g. It thus indicated that the core-shell nanocomposites investigated has great potential in biomedical applications.展开更多
Sol-gel technology was employed to synthesize nanosized precursors of La-Mg hydrogen storage alloy at different pH values(0.5,1.5,8.0 and 9.0)of reaction solution.The effect of pH value on microstructure of the nano p...Sol-gel technology was employed to synthesize nanosized precursors of La-Mg hydrogen storage alloy at different pH values(0.5,1.5,8.0 and 9.0)of reaction solution.The effect of pH value on microstructure of the nano precursors of La-Mg hydrogen storage alloy was studied by infrared radiation(IR),thermo-gravimetric and differential thermal analysis(TG/DTA),X-ray diffraction analyzer(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).IR results indicate that the chelating agent,citric acid,is not fully ionized,and carboxyl groups are not entirely used to complex metal ions in acidic solutions.The efficiency of complexing metal ions is enhanced in basic solutions.TG/DTA results show that the combustion may take place with low rate of the flame propagation that causes the longer combustion time when pH<1.5.On the contrary,the dry gel synthesized in basic solution combusts at low ignition temperature and combustion reaction is violent;it is easy to form fine particles.XRD and TEM results reveal that the precursor powders are mainly two-phase mixture of La 2 O 3 and MgO.The morphology of the particles is almost flake with the size of~30 nm when pH is 8.0.展开更多
The formation of protective rust layer of atmospheric corrosion resistance was discussed for weathering steel.The rust layers of experimental steels were made by using an accelerating industrial atmospheric corrosion ...The formation of protective rust layer of atmospheric corrosion resistance was discussed for weathering steel.The rust layers of experimental steels were made by using an accelerating industrial atmospheric corrosion test of dry-wet cyclic immersion.Furthermore XRD were used to measure and analyze the rust layers.The initial corrosion processes below thin water film were observed and the changes of micro-area pH value were measured.The results are as follows:The corrosion processes of P-RE weathering steel are obviously different from those of carbon steel.The surface of P-RE weathering steel rapidly forms a-FeOOH and the micro-area pH value is above 5.4 during the initial corrosion period.While the component of the rust layer for the carbon steel is mainly Fe3O4 and the microarea pH value is below 3.8.展开更多
Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) crystals were controllably synthesized via a facile hydrothermal process without adding any surfactant or template. The morphologies of BIT with nanosphere, nanoplate, nanobelt, and nanosheet can be ...Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) crystals were controllably synthesized via a facile hydrothermal process without adding any surfactant or template. The morphologies of BIT with nanosphere, nanoplate, nanobelt, and nanosheet can be selectively obtained by adjusting the pH value of the reactant. The formation mechanisms of these distinctive morphologies were then discussed based on the structural analysis of samples obtained at different pH values. BIT sample prepared at pH=1 showed the highest photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activities difference for the BIT samples synthesized at different pH values was studied based on their shape, size, and the variation of local structure.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under(No.LZ24A040003)。
摘要The unique regulatory effect of pH on electrostatic interactions offers a powerful approach for manipulating and separating singlestranded DNA(ssDNA)molecules.In this study,we employ Langevin dynamics simulations to investigate the translocation dynamics of two ssDNAs,poly(dA)and poly(dT),through a silicon nitride nanopore under acidic conditions.The key distinction between the two chains is their different pH-dependent protonation.At low pH,the highly protonated adenine bases experience repulsive interactions from the similarly protonated nanopore surface and the retarding force from the external voltage,whereas neutral thymine bases do not.Consequently,compared to poly(dT),poly(dA)exhibits a lower capture probability and slower translocation speed under strongly acidic conditions.However,the difference in the translocation behaviors between the two chains gradually diminishes as the pH increases.Based on their distinct pH-dependent behaviors,poly(dA)and poly(dT)of identical length can be successfully separated through the translocation strategy at low pH,even when they are initially mixed on the same side of the nanopore.
摘要2026 marks the beginning of the"15th Five-Year Plan"period,ushering in a new phase for China's knitting industry.The 2026 PH Value China International Knitting Fair(Spring Edition)(hereinafter referred to as the 2026 PH Value Knitting Fair),the first major exhibition of the year for the knitting industry,was held from March 11 to 13 at Hall 3 of the National Exhibition and Convention Center(Shanghai).
摘要Silage corn feed is an important source of roughage for cattle and sheep breeding.Its pH value can quickly reflect the quality of feed and is one of the main indicators for evaluating the fermentation quality of feed.In this study,the pH value of silage corn feed was non-destructively and rapidly detected based on near-infrared spectroscopy analysis technology.The silage corn feed of dairy farms in Tai’an City,Shandong Province was taken as the research object.The spectra of 855~1890 nm of samples were collected based on a miniature near-infrared spectroscopy acquisition system,and the pH value prediction model of silage corn feed was established by combining chemometrics methods.Firstly,a miniature near-infrared spectroscopy acquisition system was introduced.The system was used to collect the near-infrared spectral data of 260 silage corn feed samples.The near-infrared spectral data were preprocessed by standard normal transformation,moving mean filtering,and multiple scattering correction.The wavelength was optimized by algorithms such as elimination of uninformative variables,competitive adaptive reweighted sampling algorithm,and variable iterative space shrinkage.The support vector regression(SVR)model based on snake optimization(SO)was used.The model was established by combining the pH value of the leaching solution of silage corn feed with the pH meter.The results show that the full-band modeling based on multiple scattering correction(MSC)pretreatment is the best,the modeling effect of the characteristic wavelength selected based on variable iterative space shrinkage approach(VISSA)is the best,and the modeling effect of MSC-VISSA-SO-SVR model is the best,and the correction correlation coefficient is 0.990531.The corrected root mean square error is 0.083545,the predicted correlation coefficient is 0.980487,and the predicted root mean square error is 0.127718.The results of this study show that the combination of MSC-VISSA-SO-SVR model based on micro near-infrared spectroscopy acquisition system can provide a reference for non-destructive detection of pH value of silage corn feed by near-infrared spectroscopy.
基金funded by Independent R&D project of China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group Co.,Ltd.with Grant number KNJT01-JT0M-22011.
摘要The electrochemical performance and corrosion properties of Fe40Mn20Cr20Ni20 high-entropy alloys(HEAs)in a 3.5%NaCl solution with various pH values were thoroughly investigated.The results revealed a close correlation between the corrosion properties of HEAs and the pH value.On the one hand,the pH value can affect the semiconducting properties of the passive film on the alloy surfaces,thereby further influencing the protective capacity of the passive film.On the other hand,an excess of H+or OH−promotes the growth of localized corrosion,facilitating the formation of a larger number of larger-sized localized corrosion pits.Ultimately,the corrosion of HEAs is most severe in acidic solutions.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51302322 and 21373273)the Open-End Fund for the Valuable and Precision Instruments of Central South University (No.CSUZC201613)+1 种基金the Open Foundation of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Technology and Application of Metal Toughening,Guangdong Institute of Materials and Processing (No.GKL201605)the Education Reform Project of Central South University (No.2016jy03)
摘要pH value is a key factor in the preparation of nano-sized TiO2 with hydrothermal method. Using Ti(SO4)2 as the titanium source, H2O2 as the complexing agent, NaOH and HCl as the pH value regulator, nano- sized TiO2 powder with various morphologies and sizes was synthesized. Changes in morphology, size and phase type with pH values of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron micro- scopy (TEM) measurements. Results show that under the present preparation conditions, TiO2 powder is an anatase phase with pH value less than 11, but is more likely to be a brookite phase with pH value more than 11. With the increase in pH value from 1 to 11 in hydrothermal envi- ronment, nano-sized anatase TiO2 gradually grows up in all directions. {001 }, { 101 } and { 100} groups of crystal plane are the exposed crystal planes of nano-sized anatase TiO2 for the (004), (101) and (200) facets found in high-reso- lution TEM image. The photocatalytic performance of nano-sized TiO2 with different morphologies was com- pared by measuring their photocatalytic degradation rates for methylene blue under ultraviolet light. Results show that anatase TiO2 prepared under the alkalescenthydrothermal environment (pH = 9, 11) has a better pho- tocatalytic degrading performance. Different sizes and phases of nanoscaled TiO2 powders with different photo- catalytic performances can be prepared by the control of pH value of hydrothermal solutions.
基金Project(31200382)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
摘要The effect of pH values on the extracellular protein and polysaccharide secretions of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was comparatively investigated in different phases of bacterial growth during chalcopyrite bioleaching. The results indicate that the extracellular protein is always more than the extracellular polysaccharide secreted by attached cells on the chalcopyrite, on the contrary, and is always less than the extracellular polysaccharide secreted by free cells in the solution at bacterial adaptive phase, logarithmic phase and stationary phase whenever pH value is at 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 or 2.5; free cells are mainly through the secretion of extracellular polysaccharide rather than the extracellular protein to fight against disadvantageous solution environment, such as high concentration of metal ions and unsuitable pH solution; both amounts of polysaccharide and protein secreted by attached cells are mainly positively related to the solution acidity rather than the total concentration of soluble metal ions. The experimental results imply that bacteria are mainly through secreting more extracellular polysaccharide to fight against disadvantageous environment and the extracellular protein perhaps plays an important role in oxidation?reduction reactions in the bioleaching system.
基金Project supported by the National Science Foundation of China(61205180)National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(61125505)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(E2012201087)
摘要A series of Y1_xPO4:xTb3+ (x=0.005-0.1) phosphors were successfully fabricated by using co-precipitation method with NHzH2PO4 as phosphorus source. The structure and morphology characterization of the luminescent material was investigated with X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The XRD patterns indicated that the samples belonged to tetragonal phase. Luminescence properties were discussed by measuring the excitation and emission spectra. The phosphor could be excited by UV light (340-390 nm) and emitted green light, with the emission peaks located at 491 (5Da→7F6), 550 (SD4→7Fs), 589 (5D4→7F4) and 624 nm (SD4→TF3). In addition, the pH value and activator concentration had great effects on the emission intensity. The results illuminated that this phosphor could be used for UV based white light emitting diodes and co-precipitation method could be used to prepare better appearance phosphor.
基金Project(51044007)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(08121018)supported by the Science and Technology Project of Taiyuan City,China+2 种基金Project(20091402110010)supported by the Doctoral Found of Ministry of Education of ChinaProject(2008029)supported by the Shanxi Province Foundation for Returned Scholars,ChinaProject(20093007)supported by the Young Subject-Leader Foundation and the Innovative Project for Outstanding Post-graduate of Shanxi Province,China
摘要The corrosion behaviours of die-cast AZ91D magnesium alloys were investigated in 0.1 mol/L sodium sulphate (Na 2 SO 4 ) solutions with different pH values. The corrosion rates, morphologies, and compositions of the corrosion products were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The results indicate that the order of corrosion rates in Na 2 SO 4 solutions with various pH values is pH 2pH 4pH 7pH 9pH 12. The corrosion rates in acidic solutions are higher than those in alkaline solutions, and the corrosion products are mainly magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH) 2 ) and hydrated sulphate pickeringite (MgAl 2 (SO 4 ) 4 ·22H 2 O). The results also indicate that the solution pH can influence the corrosion rate and morphology of corrosion products. Chloride ions and sulphate ions have different pitting initiation time.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51371039)
摘要The passive film-induced stress and the susceptibility to SCC of 7050 aluminum alloy in 3.5%sodium chloride solution at various pH values were investigated by slow strain rate testing(SSRT) and flowing stress differential method.The results showed that the passive film-induced stress and the susceptibility to SCC decreased with increasing pH values when pH≤7,while they increased with increasing pH values when pH7.However,the corrosion type was interpreted as exfoliation corrosion when pH=l and 14,and there was no film formed on the surface of the specimens.The whole variation plots of film-induced stress and the SCC susceptibility with pH values were both presented as a valley shape.The symbol and amount of the film-induced stress were related to the compositions of the passive film,which were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).
基金Project(2007BAQ01055)supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of ChinaProject(2011SCU11081)supported by the Sichuan University Funds for Young Scientists,ChinaProject(20120181120103)supported by Ph.D.Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China
摘要The Li3V2(PO4)3/C composite cathode material was synthesized via sol-gel method using three different chelating agents (citric acid, salicylic acid and polyacrylic acid) at pH value of 3 or 7. The crystal structure, morphology, specific surface area and electrochemical performance of the prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic charge/discharge test. The results show that the effects of pH value on the performance of the prepared materials are greatly related to the chelating agents. With salicylic acid or polyacrylic acid as the chelating reagent, the structure, morphology and electrochemical performance of the samples are greatly influenced by the pH values. However, the structure of the materials with citric acid as the chelating agent does not change as pH value changes, and the materials own uniform particle size distribution and good electrochemical performance. It delivers an initial discharge capacity of 113.58 mA·h/g at 10C, remaining as high as 108.48 mA·h/g after 900 cycles, with a capacity retention of 95.51%.
基金Project supported by the Basic Research Program(973)of China(No.2009CB623230)the Natural Science Foundation of Shan-dong Province,China(No.ZR2011EEQ031)
摘要Chloride content and the pH value of the pore solution in the neighborhood of steel reinforcement are decisive pa- rameters for initiation and rate of corrosion. The pore solution of cement mortar and hardened cement paste has been expressed from the pore space by high pressure in the investigation. The influence of the water-cement ratio, age, and addition of chloride to the fresh mix on chloride content in the pore solution has been determined by ion chromatography. At the same time the pH value of the pore solution has been determined. The dissolved chloride content decreases with increase in the water-cement ratio. The amount of bound chloride increases with time, but it decreases with decreasing content of dissolved chloride in the pore solution. A significant influence of carbonation on the dissolved chloride content of the pore solution has been observed. With complete carbonation, the dissolved chloride content in cement mortar and hardened cement paste increases by a factor between 2 and 12. The bound chloride decreases by 27%--54%. As expected, the pH value decreases from around 13.2 to as low as 8.0 due to car- bonation. It can be concluded that carbonation not only lowers the pH value but liberates bound chloride. This is one obvious reason why the combined action of chloride penetration and carbonation accelerates steel corrosion and shortens the service life of reinforced concrete structures.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(6140518361575182)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Y16F050012)Application Research Program of Commonweal Technology of Zhejiang Province(2015C31102)
摘要In this paper, bifunctional Fe3O4@Gd203:Eu3+ core-shell nanoparticles with both magnetic and fluorescent properties were synthesized through a urea homogeneous precipitation (UHP) method. Particular emphasis was placed on investigating the influence of the solution pH value on the photoluminescence of the core-shell nanocomposites. It showed that the samples treated at the solution of pH=3.0 had the highest luminescence due to the enhanced crystallinity and size tmiformity of nanoparticles. The Fe3O4@Gd2O3:Eu3+ nanocomposites exhibited an almost spherical shape with a mean diameter of 60 nm, and had strong red emissions of Eu3+ at 612 nm as well as good magnetization with the saturation magnetization of 1.29 emu/g. It thus indicated that the core-shell nanocomposites investigated has great potential in biomedical applications.
基金supported by the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Educationof Nonferrous Metal Alloys and Processes(No.EKL09002)The Ph.D.Fund Project of Lanzhou University of Science and Technology(No.BS01200904)
摘要Sol-gel technology was employed to synthesize nanosized precursors of La-Mg hydrogen storage alloy at different pH values(0.5,1.5,8.0 and 9.0)of reaction solution.The effect of pH value on microstructure of the nano precursors of La-Mg hydrogen storage alloy was studied by infrared radiation(IR),thermo-gravimetric and differential thermal analysis(TG/DTA),X-ray diffraction analyzer(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).IR results indicate that the chelating agent,citric acid,is not fully ionized,and carboxyl groups are not entirely used to complex metal ions in acidic solutions.The efficiency of complexing metal ions is enhanced in basic solutions.TG/DTA results show that the combustion may take place with low rate of the flame propagation that causes the longer combustion time when pH<1.5.On the contrary,the dry gel synthesized in basic solution combusts at low ignition temperature and combustion reaction is violent;it is easy to form fine particles.XRD and TEM results reveal that the precursor powders are mainly two-phase mixture of La 2 O 3 and MgO.The morphology of the particles is almost flake with the size of~30 nm when pH is 8.0.
基金Item Sponsored by National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(2004cb619101)
摘要The formation of protective rust layer of atmospheric corrosion resistance was discussed for weathering steel.The rust layers of experimental steels were made by using an accelerating industrial atmospheric corrosion test of dry-wet cyclic immersion.Furthermore XRD were used to measure and analyze the rust layers.The initial corrosion processes below thin water film were observed and the changes of micro-area pH value were measured.The results are as follows:The corrosion processes of P-RE weathering steel are obviously different from those of carbon steel.The surface of P-RE weathering steel rapidly forms a-FeOOH and the micro-area pH value is above 5.4 during the initial corrosion period.While the component of the rust layer for the carbon steel is mainly Fe3O4 and the microarea pH value is below 3.8.
基金ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61308095), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2013M531286), the Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application Environmentally Friendly Materials of the Ministry of Education of China, and the Science Development Project of Jilin Province No.20130102004JC). (No.20130522071JH and
摘要Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) crystals were controllably synthesized via a facile hydrothermal process without adding any surfactant or template. The morphologies of BIT with nanosphere, nanoplate, nanobelt, and nanosheet can be selectively obtained by adjusting the pH value of the reactant. The formation mechanisms of these distinctive morphologies were then discussed based on the structural analysis of samples obtained at different pH values. BIT sample prepared at pH=1 showed the highest photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activities difference for the BIT samples synthesized at different pH values was studied based on their shape, size, and the variation of local structure.