地震勘探中的波动方程正演模拟受计算和存储能力的限制,只能在有限空间进行,需要对其设置边界条件。常用的完全匹配层(Perfect Match Layer,PML)是一种应用广泛的边界条件,需要对边界条件设定一定的层数,层数太大时会降低正演速度和增...地震勘探中的波动方程正演模拟受计算和存储能力的限制,只能在有限空间进行,需要对其设置边界条件。常用的完全匹配层(Perfect Match Layer,PML)是一种应用广泛的边界条件,需要对边界条件设定一定的层数,层数太大时会降低正演速度和增大内存存储。因此,文中通过将PML边界条件和改进后的梯度黏弹边界(Improved Gradient Viscoelastic Layer,IGVL)结合提出一种PML-IGVL边界条件,同时,为了减少截断误差和数值频散,将PML-IGVL边界条件应用于紧致交错网格的黏滞声波方程中进行数值模拟。均匀介质和Marmousi模型中的波场数值模拟结果表明,相对于PML边界条件,PML-IGVL边界条件使用的边界厚度更小,在相同较低边界层数下,能更好地吸收反射波,同时能节省更多的存储空间,并提高正演效率,证明了PML-IGVL边界条件的有效性和优越性,是正演模拟中一种有效的边界吸收方法。展开更多
The PML gene is involved in the t(15;17) translocation of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), which generates the oncogenic fusion protein PML (promyelocytic leukaemia protein)-retinoic acid receptor alpha. The...The PML gene is involved in the t(15;17) translocation of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), which generates the oncogenic fusion protein PML (promyelocytic leukaemia protein)-retinoic acid receptor alpha. The PML protein localises to a subnuclear structure called the PML nuclear domain (PML-ND), of which PML is the essential structural component. In APL, PML-NDs are disrupted, thus implicating these structures in the pathogenesis of this leukaemia. Unexpectedly, recent studies indicate that PML and the PML-ND play a tumour suppressive role in several different types of human neoplasms in addition to APL. Because of PML's extreme versatility and involvement in multiple cellular pathways, understanding the mechanisms underlying its function, and therefore role in tumour suppression, has been a challenging task. In this review, we attempt to critically appraise the more recent advances in this field and propose new avenues of investigation.展开更多
摘要The PML gene is involved in the t(15;17) translocation of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), which generates the oncogenic fusion protein PML (promyelocytic leukaemia protein)-retinoic acid receptor alpha. The PML protein localises to a subnuclear structure called the PML nuclear domain (PML-ND), of which PML is the essential structural component. In APL, PML-NDs are disrupted, thus implicating these structures in the pathogenesis of this leukaemia. Unexpectedly, recent studies indicate that PML and the PML-ND play a tumour suppressive role in several different types of human neoplasms in addition to APL. Because of PML's extreme versatility and involvement in multiple cellular pathways, understanding the mechanisms underlying its function, and therefore role in tumour suppression, has been a challenging task. In this review, we attempt to critically appraise the more recent advances in this field and propose new avenues of investigation.