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Coupled effect of SiO2 content and hydrogen-enriched atmospheres on the reduction behavior and microstructural evolution of fired hematite pellets 认领 引用
1
作者 Bohua Li Deqing Zhu +3 位作者 Zhengqi Guo Jian Pan Congcong Yang Siwei Li 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2026年第6期1925-1937,共13页
As demand grows for low-carbon ironmaking,it is essential to understand how hydrogen reduces iron ore pellets under vary-ing gangue compositions and gas atmospheres.In this work,fired hematite pellets with a basicity(... As demand grows for low-carbon ironmaking,it is essential to understand how hydrogen reduces iron ore pellets under vary-ing gangue compositions and gas atmospheres.In this work,fired hematite pellets with a basicity(mass ratio of CaO to SiO2)of 0.3 and SiO2contents ranging from 1wt%to 4wt%were systematically investigated under three typical shaft furnace atmospheres(Midrex,HYL,and coke oven gas(COG))as well as under 100%H2,to clarify the reduction kinetics,reaction mechanism,and microstructural evolution of the fired pellets.The results indicate that a higher hydrogen proportion significantly accelerates the reduction rate of the fired pellets,while an increase in SiO2content generally leads to a decrease in the overall reaction rate.However,the effect of hydrogen concentration on the reduction behavior of the fired pellets varied markedly with their silicon content.For the fired pellets containing 1wt%and 2wt%SiO2,an increase in hydrogen concentration causes deterioration in reduced pellet characteristics,as evidenced by the increase in reduc-tion swelling index from 26.14%to 34.26%and the decrease in cold compressive strength from 110 to 78 N.In contrast,fired pellets with 3wt%and 4wt%SiO2exhibit the opposite trend,with the reduction swelling index decreasing from 15.26%to 9.23%and cold compress-ive strength improving from 179 to 271 N.Kinetics analysis indicates that under 100%H2,the reduction of fired pellets with 1wt%SiO2is governed by a mixed gas-diffusion and uniform reaction model,whereas fired pellets with 4wt%SiO2follow an unreacted core model.These differences in reduction kinetics,reduction behavior,and post-reduction properties are closely associated with the formation of more Al-bearing calcium silicate slag phases in high-SiO2reduced pellets,which strengthen intergranular bonding,buffer phase-trans-formation-induced stress,and promote the evolution of metallic iron from whisker-like to granular or layered morphologies. 展开更多
关键词 hydrogen metallurgy fired pellets silica content reducing atmosphere microstructural evolution iron nucleation behavior
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Improving property of reduced iron powders by ultrapure magnetite pellets 认领 引用
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作者 Jian Pan Bing Han +4 位作者 Yue Shi De-Qing Zhu Yi-Jun Cao Zheng-Qi Guo Yi-Xing Liao 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CSCD 2026年第4期414-427,共14页
To address the issues of low process efficiency,high energy consumption,and significant pollution in the traditional Höganäs method for producing reduced iron powder,reduced iron powder for powder metallurgy... To address the issues of low process efficiency,high energy consumption,and significant pollution in the traditional Höganäs method for producing reduced iron powder,reduced iron powder for powder metallurgy was prepared using ultrapure magnetite pellets with various compressive strengths by coal-based reduction-hydrogen reduction method.The results show that pellets with compressive strength of 2500 N/pellet ultimately produce a powder metallurgy iron powder with iron grade of 98.24%,hydrogen loss of only 0.5%,bulk density of 2.38 g cm−3,flow rate of 35.97 s(50 g)−1,and compressibility of 6.41 g cm−3 after reduction for 12 h at a C/Fe mass ratio of 2 and a temperature of 105℃,followed by crushing,fine grinding,and secondary hydrogen reduction at 800℃ for 2 h,meeting the standard for FHY100·240.As the compressive strength of ultrapure magnetite pellets increases,the aggregation of metallic iron grains in the reduced pellets intensifies,the porosity of the pellets decreases,and the structure densifies,resulting in a significant increase in the bulk density of reduced iron powder. 展开更多
关键词 Ultrapure magnetite pellet Coal-based reduction Hydrogen reduction Powder metallurgy iron powder
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Oxidation consolidation of vanadium-titanium magnetite pellets strengthened by pretreatment of high-pressure grinding rolls 认领 引用
3
作者 Huan Zhong Tie-Jun Chen +3 位作者 Xian-lin Zhou Jun-Ying Wan Xiang-Bo Jiang Yue Hu 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CSCD 2026年第1期248-260,共13页
The production of vanadium-titanium magnetite(VTM)pellets has the problems of low consolidation strength and high energy consumption in the preheating and roasting process.High-pressure grinding roll(HPGR)pretreatment... The production of vanadium-titanium magnetite(VTM)pellets has the problems of low consolidation strength and high energy consumption in the preheating and roasting process.High-pressure grinding roll(HPGR)pretreatment process was used to increase the fine-grained content and specific surface area of VTM concentrates,to strengthen the oxidation consolidation process of VTM pellets,and oxidation kinetic experiments were carried out.The results showed that the specific surface area of VTM concentrates was increased from 872 to 1457 cm2/g by HPGR and then pelletising and roasting.With preheating at 1000℃ for 10 min and roasting at 1260℃ for 10 min,the strengths of preheated pellets were increased from 329 to 535 N,and the strengths of roasted pellets were increased from 1010 to 2591 N.The limiting link in the early stage of VTM pellets oxidation was the control of chemical reaction,while the limiting link in the later stage of oxidation was the mixed control of chemical reaction and gas diffusion.The activation energies of VTM pellets before and after HPGR pretreatment were 53.07 and 40.03 kJ/mol in the early stage of oxidation reaction,while the activation energies in the later stage of oxidation were 29.24 and 22.75 kJ/mol,respectively. 展开更多
关键词 Vanadium-titanium magnetite High-pressure grinding roll Pellet consolidation Microstructure Oxidation kinetics
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Induration characteristics of high silica magnetite pellets and its metallurgical performance in blast furnace and gas-based shaft furnace 认领 引用
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作者 Bo-Hua Li Jian Pan +3 位作者 Cong-Cong Yang De-Qing Zhu Zheng-Qi Guo Meng-Jie Xu 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CSCD 2026年第5期304-316,共13页
Currently,the supply of high Fe grade and low gangue pellet feeds has become increasingly tight due to yearly large-scale consumption of iron ores worldwide,which will inevitably restrict the development of iron ore p... Currently,the supply of high Fe grade and low gangue pellet feeds has become increasingly tight due to yearly large-scale consumption of iron ores worldwide,which will inevitably restrict the development of iron ore pelletizing process and carbon dioxide emissions mitigation of the steel industry.To promote utilization of high silica pellet feeds,the roasting behavior of high silica acid pellets with varying binary basicity(w(CaO)/w(SiO2)=0.01,0.20,0.35,0.50)through the straight-grate process was examined,and its metallurgical performance in blast furnace and gas-based shaft furnace was also evaluated.The results show that all fired pellets achieved optimal strength by roasting at 1225℃ for 10 min at basicity of 0.35.The metallurgical performance tests under blast furnace and Midrex direct reduction conditions indicate that the addition of a proper quantity of calcium flux improves the pellet reducibility and low-temperature reduction degradation performance,decreases the reduction swelling index and narrows the softening and melting range with better bed permeability at desirable basicity of 0.20 and 0.35.However,further increasing the basicity to 0.50 presents negative impacts on the pellet induration characteristics and metallurgical properties due to excessive formation of liquid phase inhibiting interconnection of hematite particles.Thus,the fired pellets exhibit poorer resistance and structural stability to the mechanical stress and lattice transformation during reduction and cooling process. 展开更多
关键词 High silica magnetite concentrate Acid pellet Oxidation Induration characteristic Metallurgical performance Microstructure
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Formation mechanism of bonded slag pellets in vertical-pot Pidgeon process of magnesium production 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Ji-lei XU Jin-hui LIU +6 位作者 Yu-ming ZHAO Zhi-ping MAO Wei-neng TANG Xiao-feng LI Pei-xu YANG Wei-dong ZHANG Shao-jun ZHANG 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第2期625-639,共15页
In the Pidgeon process involving a vertical pot,bonded slag pellets occasionally emerge at the bottom of the reduction pot,impeding smooth slag discharge.To reveal the formation mechanism of the bonded slag pellets,th... In the Pidgeon process involving a vertical pot,bonded slag pellets occasionally emerge at the bottom of the reduction pot,impeding smooth slag discharge.To reveal the formation mechanism of the bonded slag pellets,thermodynamic calculations,X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(XRF),electron probe microanalyzer(EPMA),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)were employed.The bonded slag pellets mainly comprise MgO,CaSi2,CaO,and Ca2SiO4.CaSi2 in the bonded slag pellets is attributed to the reduction reaction between Si and CaO,yielding liquid CaSi2.Simultaneously,the reaction between CaSi2 and MgO,which will typically produce Mg vapor,is inhibited,resulting in the accumulation of CaSi2.Owing to the solid-liquid transition of CaSi2,this process culminates in the bonding of slag pellets.This study can guide the Pidgeon process optimization,enabling mitigation of the“dead pot”issue,thereby enhancing efficiency and reducing costs. 展开更多
关键词 vertical-pot Pidgeon process slag discharge bonded slag pellets CaSi2 solid−liquid transition
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Efficacy and safety of Qingwei Zhitong pellets (清胃止痛微丸)-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication:a prospective,single-center,randomized trial 认领 引用
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作者 CHENG Jianping FAN Chanjuan +6 位作者 ZHAI Lili WANG Hui XIE Dongling CAI Yong LI Zhen HUANG Kun BAI Qixuan 《Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2025年第2期430-436,共7页
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 14-day Qingwei Zhitong pellets(清胃止痛微丸,QZ)-containing quadruple therapy(QZQT)compared to bismuth-containing quadruple therapy(BQT)in treatment-naive patients with ... OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 14-day Qingwei Zhitong pellets(清胃止痛微丸,QZ)-containing quadruple therapy(QZQT)compared to bismuth-containing quadruple therapy(BQT)in treatment-naive patients with Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.METHODS:This single-center,randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled 333 patients,who were divided into either the QZQT group(QZ pellets,3.2 g,three times daily;rabeprazole,10 mg,twice daily;amoxicillin 1000 mg,twice daily;clarithromycin,500 mg,twice daily)or the BQT group(bismuth potassium citrate,1000 mg,three times daily;rabeprazole,10 mg,twice daily;amoxicillin,1000 mg,twice daily;clarithromycin,500 mg,twice daily)for 14 d.The 13C-urea breath test assessed eradication success at least four weeks after treatment.The primary outcome focused on the eradication rate,with secondary outcomes including safety and patient compliance.RESULTS:From August 2022 to June 2023,342 subjects were screened,and 333 were randomized.The QZQT and BQT groups showed eradication rates of 68.9%and 67.8%(P=0.838)by intention-to-treat(ITT)analysis,respectively,and 71.1%and 68.3%(P=0.612)by perprotocol(PP)analysis,respectively.QZQT was non-inferior to BQT in both ITT and PP analyses.QZQT was associated with fewer side effects(57.8%of patients)than BQT(90.4%)(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:The 14 d QZQT treatment demonstrates equal efficacy in eradicating H.pylori infection and improved patient compliance and safety compared to BQT.These results provide evidence supporting 14-day QZQT as an acceptable treatment for H.pylori infection. 展开更多
关键词 Helicobacter pylori bismuth randomized controlled trial quadruple therapy eradication Qingwei Zhitong pellets
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Solidification mechanism and harmful elements removal behavior in preparation of sulfuric acid slag pellets 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Yu-feng Guo Fu-chun Xu +5 位作者 Shuai Wang Feng Chen Ling-zhi Yang Yu Zheng Tao Jiang Guan-zhou Qiu 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第10期3202-3219,共18页
Sulfuric acid slag,a common byproduct with high iron content,poses challenges due to its high levels of harmful impurities and is often discarded as solid waste,leading to significant environmental and water pollution... Sulfuric acid slag,a common byproduct with high iron content,poses challenges due to its high levels of harmful impurities and is often discarded as solid waste,leading to significant environmental and water pollution.To address this issue and improve resource utilization,the preparation process of oxidized pellets from sulfuric acid slag was studied,exploring suitable pelletizing systems and thermal parameters.Additionally,the removal of harmful elements and the consolidation mechanism were established during the oxidation roasting process.The findings revealed that sulfuric acid slag along with specific processing conditions,such as using two high-pressure grinding rolls and adding 1.25 wt.%bentonite,resulted in the production of qualified green pellets with desirable physical properties.Through a thermal treatment process involving preheating and roasting,the desulfurization rate of the pellets reached 95.55%and the removal efficiency of arsenic achieved 27.11%.Hematite recrystallizes,shrinks,and forms a reticulated structure with Fe2O3 recrystallization as the backbone,resulting in higher consolidation strength. 展开更多
关键词 Sulfuric acid slag Pellet High-pressure grinding roll Harmful impurity Desulfurization
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Time series prediction model for compressive strength of ore pellets produced by straight grate 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Feng Cao Min Gan +5 位作者 Xiao-hui Fan Xu-ling Chen Zhen-xiang Feng Xiao-xian Huang Zhuo-zhang Liao Cheng-hao Xie 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第8期2320-2333,共14页
The compressive strength of the pellets is a key indicator that determines the production efficiency in straight grate.It usually relies on manual sampling and testing,which is cumbersome and inefficient.To address th... The compressive strength of the pellets is a key indicator that determines the production efficiency in straight grate.It usually relies on manual sampling and testing,which is cumbersome and inefficient.To address this,a time series prediction model for pellet compressive strength was developed,combining a gradient boosting decision tree with a temporal convolutional network(GBDT-TCN).Firstly,the key physical characteristics of the pellet production process were established through the feature construction method,and then the multicollinear features were eliminated based on the Spearman correlation coefficient.The final selection of feature parameters,amounting to 9,was determined using recursive feature elimination(RFE)method.Finally,the GBDT algorithm was used to establish the nonlinear relationship between these features and the compressive strength.The GBDT prediction results and process data were constructed into a time series dataset,which was input into the TCN unit cascade model.The time series information was captured through the distribution coefficient of the loss function in the time series.Results illustrate that the GBDT-TCN method proposed performs well in the task of predicting the compressive strength of pellets.Compared with the prediction model using only GBDT,the accuracy within±100 N is increased from 83.33%to 90.00%. 展开更多
关键词 Straight grate Pellet Compressive strength Multi-feature fusion Prediction GBDT-TCN
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Smelting separation behaviors of various reduced vanadium titanomagnetite pellets 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Zheng-qi GUO Xing CHEN +6 位作者 Yue SHI De-qing ZHU Jian PAN Cong-cong YANG Si-wei LI Ji-wei XU Xin WANG 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第11期3869-3885,共17页
The melting and separation behavior of vanadium-titanium magnetite pellets directed at an efficient extraction of vanadium and titanium was systematically investigated.Applying FactSage simulations and experiments,the... The melting and separation behavior of vanadium-titanium magnetite pellets directed at an efficient extraction of vanadium and titanium was systematically investigated.Applying FactSage simulations and experiments,the smelting separation of three pre-reduced pellets from different regions was analyzed.The simulations demonstrate that FeTi2O5 is converted to TiC at low temperatures,necessitating suppression of this step.Experiments under optimized conditions(1590-1690°C,20-25 min,2%coke,basicity 0.4-0.6,and 3.0%-6.0%MgO)yield iron grade of 92.35%-95.06%,titanium grade of 34.37%-39.89%,and vanadium grade of 0.56%-1.52%,with recoveries of 99.52%-99.60%,94.08%-98.96%,and 92.63%-94.38%for iron,titanium and vanadium,respectively.The titanium in the slag,primarily in the form of anosovite,is suitable for sulfuric acid-based titanium white production.An increase in basicity,MgO content,and pellet metallization serves to improve vanadium recovery in melted iron but lowers the titanium grade in the slag.The overall process effectively utilizes vanadium and titanium resources under optimized conditions. 展开更多
关键词 vanadium titanomagnetite pellet pre-reduction smelting separation titanium slag utilization
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Impact of high-pressure grinding roll on ironsand pellets preparation: mechanical activation mechanism and energy efficiency assessment 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 Hao Lv Min Gan +7 位作者 Xiao-hui Fan Shi-xian Li Zhi-yun Ji Zeng-qing Sun Jin-hua Li Xiao-long Wang Lin-cheng Liu Yu-feng Wu 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第10期3220-3234,共15页
The utilization of ironsand for preparing oxidized pellets poses challenges,including slow oxidation and low consolidation strength.The effects and function mechanisms of high-pressure grinding roll(HPGR)pretreatment ... The utilization of ironsand for preparing oxidized pellets poses challenges,including slow oxidation and low consolidation strength.The effects and function mechanisms of high-pressure grinding roll(HPGR)pretreatment on the oxidation and consolidation of ironsand pellets were investigated,and the energy utilization efficiency of HPGR with different roller pressure intensities was evaluated.The results indicate that HPGR pretreatment at 8 MPa improves the ironsand properties,with the specific surface area increasing by 740 cm2 g-1 and mechanical energy storage increasing by 2.5 kJ mol-1,which is conducive to oxidation and crystalline connection of particles.As roller pressure intensity increases to 16 MPa,more mechanical energy of HPGR is applied for crystal activation,with mechanical energy storage further rising by 18.1 kJ mol-1.The apparent activation energy for pellet oxidation initially decreases and then increases,reaching a minimum at 12 MPa.Simultaneously,the roasted pellets porosity decreases by 2.8%,while the compressive strength increases by 789 N.At higher roller pressure intensity,the densely connected structure between particles impedes gas diffusion within the pellets,diminishing the beneficial effects of HPGR on pellet oxidation.Moreover,excessive roller pressure intensity decreases the HPGR energy utilization efficiency.The optimal HPGR roller pressure intensity for ironsand is 12 MPa,at which the specific surface area increases by 790 cm2 g-1,mechanical energy storage increases by 10.6 kJ mol-1,the compressive strength of roasted pellets rises to 2816 N,and the appropriate preheating and roasting temperatures decrease by 250 and 125°C,respectively. 展开更多
关键词 Ironsand pellet Oxidation kinetics Consolidation characteristic High-pressure grinding roll Mechanical activation Energy utilization efficiency
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Experimental production of basic pellets by using steel slag as flux 认领 引用
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作者 Yue Hu Jun-ying Wan +4 位作者 Tie-jun Chen Xian-lin Zhou Yan-hong Luo Jia-ying Jiang Huan Zhong 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第10期3235-3248,共14页
As a by-product of the steelmaking process,steel slag has a large stock and poor stability,which has led to a gradual decline in its utilization.In order to enhance the utilization rate of steel slag,the preparation o... As a by-product of the steelmaking process,steel slag has a large stock and poor stability,which has led to a gradual decline in its utilization.In order to enhance the utilization rate of steel slag,the preparation of basic pellets by using steel slag as the flux was proposed,in consideration of the high basicity of steel slag.The incorporation of steel slag has been demonstrated to enhance the water-holding capacity and the decrepitation temperature of green pellets.The addition of steel slag increases the content of calcium oxide in the pellets,promotes the formation of a fusible phase in the pellets,and thus increases the liquid phase.With the increasing content of steel slag,the porosity of finished pellets gradually increases and the compressive strength decreases,but the compressive strength of finished pellets can all exceed 2500 N.The addition of steel slag can improve the reducibility index of pellets,with the maximum reducibility index increasing by 12.06%;the reduction swelling index is less than 10.9%,and the reduction degradation index is more than 58.4%. 展开更多
关键词 Steel slag Oxidized pellet Basic pellet Consolidation mechanism Metallurgical property
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Effect mechanism of vanadium on reduction sticking behavior of iron ore pellets in hydrogen-based shaft furnace 认领 引用
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作者 Jin-ge Feng Yun Huang +3 位作者 Jue Tang Lan-jie Li Zi-chuan Zhao Man-sheng Chu 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第8期2308-2319,共12页
The sticking behavior of pellets affects the continuity of production in hydrogen-based shaft furnace.The coupling influences of V2O5 and reduction temperature on reduction sticking behavior and mechanism evolut... The sticking behavior of pellets affects the continuity of production in hydrogen-based shaft furnace.The coupling influences of V2O5 and reduction temperature on reduction sticking behavior and mechanism evolution of pellets under hydrogen atmosphere are investigated.The increase in V2O5 addition aggravated the reduction sticking behavior,which is attributed to the combined functions of the development of unique interwoven structure in the metallic iron interconnections at the reduction sticking interface and the deterioration of reduction swelling behavior of pellets.In addition,the strength of metallic iron interconnections enhanced and reduction sticking behavior aggravated with the increase in reduction temperature.Importantly,compared to other reduction temperatures,the reduction sticking behavior of pellets was most significantly aggravated with the increase in V2O5 addition at 1000℃.And the values of sticking index increased from 10.22%to 15.36% as the V2O5 addition increased from 0 to 1.00 wt.%at 1000℃. 展开更多
关键词 Vanadium Pellet Sticking behavior Hydrogen metallurgy Direct reduction
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Application of algal-mycelial pellets in the treatment of the mariculture wastewater 认领 引用
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作者 Shanshan Chen Sujie Li +5 位作者 Xunan Yang Yaobin Lu Lijuan Luo Jie Xu Kin-Chuang Ho Tiangang Luan 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第8期128-137,共10页
Hypersaline mariculture wastewater necessitates treatment prior to its discharge into marine environments.Algal-mycelial pellets(AMPs),known for their cost-effectiveness,energy efficiency and sustainability,have not b... Hypersaline mariculture wastewater necessitates treatment prior to its discharge into marine environments.Algal-mycelial pellets(AMPs),known for their cost-effectiveness,energy efficiency and sustainability,have not been previously explored for their flocculation and pollutant removal capabilities in hyperhaline conditions.This work employed an orthogonal test design to investigate the effects of nine factors at three levels on the treatment efficiency of mariculture wastewater using Chlorella sp.TNBR1 and Aspergillus niger AMPs.The comprehensive optimal conditions for achieving the highest flocculation efficiency and pollutant removal are determined to be a temperature of 30℃,light intensity of 6000 lux,a 12:0 light-dark cycle,an initial pH of 6,amicroalgal density of 11.25×106cell/mL,microalgal growth phase at the early logarithmic stage,a fungal spore density of 9.00×105spore/mL and a fungal pellet phase of 60 h.Under such conditions,the treatment of nonsterile actual mariculture wastewater with Chlorella sp.TNBR1 and Aspergillus niger AMPs results in a 93.35%±7.20%reduction in chemical oxygen demand(COD),92.83%±7.29%reduction in total nitrogen(TN),100%removal of total phosphorus(TP),and a flocculation efficiency of 69.21%±5.36%.These findings confirm that AMPs are a viable solution for effectively treating COD,TN and TP in real hypersaline mariculture wastewater,while also facilitating the flocculation and harvesting of microalgae. 展开更多
关键词 Algal-mycelial pellet Mariculture wastewater Optimal condition Pollutant removal Flocculation efficiency
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Reduction behavior of barite-containing magnetite pellets in hydrogen 认领 引用
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作者 Ke Ma Xiao-guang Bai +1 位作者 Zi-jian Su Yuan-bo Zhang 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第12期4119-4130,共12页
To advance green ironmaking and expand the utilization of magnetite with complex gangues,the hydrogen reduction behavior and mechanisms of barite-containing magnetite pellets were investigated.The findings revealed th... To advance green ironmaking and expand the utilization of magnetite with complex gangues,the hydrogen reduction behavior and mechanisms of barite-containing magnetite pellets were investigated.The findings revealed that increasing barite led to the increased amount of BaxFe3−xO4and Ba-containing silicates in oxidized pellets,which hindered the continuous crystallization of Fe2O3.During the reduction process,the reduction of BaxFe3−xO4to Ba and Fe by H2was challenging,resulting in the formation of BaFeO2.64.Furthermore,BaxFe3−xO4impeded the reaction between Fe2O3and H2,decreasing the reduction degree and metallization ratio of the pellets.Ba2+diffused into the Fe2O3lattice during oxidation,stabilizing the crystal structure during the initial reduction stage(Fe2O3to Fe3O4).In the third reduction stage(FexO to Fe),BaFeO2.64inhibited the rapid precipitation of metallic iron,thus preventing the abnormal growth of iron whiskers.Consequently,BaSO4reduced the reduction swelling index of barite-containing magnetite pellets in hydrogen.These findings offer a theoretical basis for the future implementation of barite-containing pellets in the hydrogen-based shaft furnace direct reduction process. 展开更多
关键词 Hydrogen Pellet Shaft furnace Reduction Barite-containing magnetite
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High-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite all-pellet integrated burden optimization and softening-melting behavior based on flux pellets 认领 引用 被引量：6
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作者 Bojian Chen Tao Jiang +4 位作者 Jing Wen Guangdong Yang Tangxia Yu Fengxiang Zhu Peng Hu 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期498-507,共10页
High-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite(HVTM)is a crucial polymetallic-associated resource to be developed.The allpellet operation is a blast furnace trend that aims to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the future.... High-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite(HVTM)is a crucial polymetallic-associated resource to be developed.The allpellet operation is a blast furnace trend that aims to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the future.By referencing the production data of vanadium-titanium magnetite blast furnaces,this study explored the softening-melting behavior of high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite and obtained the optimal integrated burden based on flux pellets.The results show that the burden with a composition of 70wt%flux pellets and 30wt%acid pellets exhibits the best softening-melting properties.In comparison to that of the single burden,the softening-melting characteristic temperature of this burden composition was higher.The melting interval first increased from 307 to 362℃and then decreased to 282℃.The maximum pressure drop(ΔPmax)decreased from 26.76 to 19.01 kPa.The permeability index(S)dropped from 4643.5 to 2446.8 kPa·℃.The softening-melting properties of the integrated burden were apparently improved.The acid pellets played a role in withstanding load during the softening process.The flux pellets in the integrated burden exhibited a higher slag melting point,which increased the melting temperature during the melting process.The slag homogeneity and the TiC produced by over-reduction led to the gas permeability deterioration of the single burden.The segregation of the flux and acid pellets in the HVTM proportion and basicity mainly led to the better softening-melting properties of the integrated burden. 展开更多
关键词 high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite softening-melting properties all pellets integrated burden flux pellets
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Isothermal reduction kinetics and reduction prediction for iron ore pellets 认领 引用
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作者 Fei Meng Hao Liu +4 位作者 Yue-lin Qin Huang-jie Hua Yin Deng Ze-zheng Sun Long-hai Liu 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第1期64-72,共9页
Iron ore pellets,as one of the main charges of blast furnaces,have a greater impact on the CO2emission reduction and stable operation of blast furnaces.The isothermal reduction behavior of the pellets obtained from... Iron ore pellets,as one of the main charges of blast furnaces,have a greater impact on the CO2emission reduction and stable operation of blast furnaces.The isothermal reduction behavior of the pellets obtained from a Chinese steel plant was studied in the gas mixtures of CO and N2.The results showed the reduction process is divided into two stages.The reduction in the initial stage(time t≤40 min)is cooperatively controlled by internal diffusion and interface chemical reactions with the activation energy of 30.19 and 16.67 kJ/mol,respectively.The controlling step of the reduction in the final stage(t>40 min)is internal diffusion with the activation energy of 34.60 kJ/mol.The reduction process can be described by two equations obtained from kinetic calculations.The reduction degree can be predicted under different temperatures and time,and the predicted results showed an excellent correlation with the experimental results.The reduction mechanisms were confirmed by the analysis of the scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer and optical microscope. 展开更多
关键词 Pellet Reduction behavior Kinetics Mechanism Reduction prediction
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Effect of coal-based composite binders on isothermal oxidation kinetics of vanadium–titanium magnetite pellets 认领 引用
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作者 Yong-kang Zhang Guang-hui Li +4 位作者 Ye-sheng Cheng Jin Zhang Cheng-zhi Wei Xin Zhang Tao Jiang 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第10期3190-3201,共12页
The isothermal oxidation kinetics of vanadium–titanium magnetite(VTM)pellets prepared with 3Co-binder(coal-based colloidal composite binder)and F-binder(pulverized Funa binder)are compared.The oxidation process was a... The isothermal oxidation kinetics of vanadium–titanium magnetite(VTM)pellets prepared with 3Co-binder(coal-based colloidal composite binder)and F-binder(pulverized Funa binder)are compared.The oxidation process was analyzed using the first-order irreversible reaction,following the shrinking unreacted nucleus model.The results demonstrate that VTM pellets prepared with 3Co-binder exhibit a faster oxidation rate than those with F-binder across the temperatures ranging from 1073 to 1473 K.In both cases,the oxidation process was controlled by an interfacial chemical reaction during the pre-oxidation stage and by internal diffusion during the mid-oxidation stage.The type of binder did not influence the primary oxidation control mechanism of the VTM pellets.However,the apparent rate constants in the pre-oxidation stage and the internal diffusion coefficients in the mid-oxidation stage were higher for pellets with 3Co-binder compared to those with F-binder.The apparent activation energies for the 3Co-binder pellets were similar to those of bentonite,indicating favorable kinetic conditions without negative impacts on the oxidation process.Nonetheless,it is important to note that pellets with F-binder required a longer oxidation time than those with 3Co-binder. 展开更多
关键词 Coal-based composite binder Vanadium-titanium magnetite Pellet Isothermal oxidation kinetics
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Re-examination on isothermal oxidation kinetics of vanadium–titanium magnetite pellets 认领 引用
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作者 Yong-kang Zhang Guang-hui Li +4 位作者 Ye-sheng Cheng Cheng-zhi Wei Jin Zhang Xin Zhang Tao Jiang 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2025年第10期3176-3189,共14页
The factors affecting the oxidation degree of vanadium–titanium magnetite (VTM) pellets were analyzed via the isothermal oxidation experiment. Furthermore, the oxidation kinetics of VTM pellets were explored through ... The factors affecting the oxidation degree of vanadium–titanium magnetite (VTM) pellets were analyzed via the isothermal oxidation experiment. Furthermore, the oxidation kinetics of VTM pellets were explored through linear fitting to the kinetic equations based on the shrinking unreacted-core model. The results reveal that VTM pellets undergo oxidation in three distinct phases: pre-oxidation, mid-oxidation, and final stable phase. Notably, the mid-oxidation phase is absent in magnetite oxidation. The shrinking unreacted-core model has been proven to be suitable for modeling the process of oxidizing VTM pellets. In the pre-oxidation stage, the rate-controlling step is determined by both the oxidation temperature and the effective oxygen concentration. The influence of the effective oxygen concentration on the rate of oxidation is more pronounced at temperatures between 1073 and 1273 K, especially when the oxygen content falls below 15 vol.%. For the production of oxidized VTM pellets, it is necessary to maintain a preheating temperature above 1173 K (to accelerate the oxidation reaction) and below 1473 K (to prevent the swift formation of compact Fe2TiO5 at the shell of the pellet) in an oxygen-enriched atmosphere. 展开更多
关键词 Vanadium-titanium magnetite Pellet Shrinking unreacted-core model Isothermal oxidation kinetics
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Application of dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) plasma packed with glass and ceramic pellets for SO_2 removal at ambient temperature: optimization and modeling using response surface methodology 认领 引用 被引量：5
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作者 Niloofar DAMYAR Ali KHAVANIN +2 位作者 Ahmad JONIDI FAFARI Hasan ASILIAN Ramazan MIRZAEI 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第10期100-110,共11页
Air pollution is a major health problem in developing countries and has adverse effects on human health and the environment. Non-thermal plasma is an effective air pollution treatment technology. In this research, the... Air pollution is a major health problem in developing countries and has adverse effects on human health and the environment. Non-thermal plasma is an effective air pollution treatment technology. In this research, the performance of a dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) plasma reactor packed with glass and ceramic pellets was evaluated in the removal of SO_2 as a major air pollutant from air in ambient temperature. The response surface methodology was used to evaluate the effect of three key parameters(concentration of gas, gas flow rate, and voltage) as well as their simultaneous effects and interactions on the SO2 removal process. Reduced cubic models were derived to predict the SO_2 removal efficiency(RE) and energy yield(EY). Analysis of variance results showed that the packed-bed reactors(PBRs) studied were more energy efficient and had a high SO2 RE which was at least four times more than that of the non-packed reactor. Moreover, the results showed that the performance of ceramic pellets was better than that of glass pellets in PBRs. This may be due to the porous surface of ceramic pellets which allows the formation of microdischarges in the fine cavities of a porous surface when placed in a plasma discharge zone. The maximum SO_2 RE and EY were obtained at 94% and 0.81 g kWh-1,respectively under the optimal conditions of a concentration of gas of 750 ppm, a gas flow rate of 2lmin-1, and a voltage of 18 kV, which were achieved by the DBD plasma packed with ceramic pellets. Finally, the results of the model's predictions and the experiments showed good agreement. 展开更多
关键词 sulfur dioxide packed-bed plasma glass pellets ceramic pellets response surface methodology(RSM)
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Influence of flux additives on iron ore oxidized pellets 认领 引用 被引量：34
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作者 范晓慧 甘敏 +2 位作者 姜涛 袁礼顺 陈许玲 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2010年第4期732-737,共6页
Six additives,i.e.,limestone,lime,magnesite,magnesia,dolomite and light-burned-dolomite,were added for investigating their influences on the pellet quality.For green balls,adding lime and light-burned-dolomite makes t... Six additives,i.e.,limestone,lime,magnesite,magnesia,dolomite and light-burned-dolomite,were added for investigating their influences on the pellet quality.For green balls,adding lime and light-burned-dolomite makes the wet drop strength decrease firstly,and then increase with further increase of additive dosage.Ca(OH)2 affects the bentonite properties at the beginning,but the binding property of Ca(OH)2 will be main when the dosage is higher.The other four additives decrease the drop strength for their disadvantageous physical properties.For preheated pellets,no mater what kind of additive is added,the compressive strength will be decreased because of unmineralized additives.For roasted pellets,calcium additives can form binding phase of calcium-ferrite,and suitable liquid phase will improve recrystallization of hematite,but excessive liquid will destroy the structure of pellets,so the compressive strength of pellet increases firstly and then drops.When adding magnesium additives,the strength will be decreased because of the oxidation of magnetite retarded by MgO. 展开更多
关键词 iron ore additives oxidized pellets compressive strength
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