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Dexamethasone for prevention of AMS,HACE,and HAPE and for limiting impairment of performance after rapid ascent to high altitude:a narrative review 认领 引用 被引量：2
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作者 Johannes Burtscher Hannes Gatterer +1 位作者 Beth A.Beidleman Martin Burtscher 《Military Medical Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第1期159-168,共10页
Acute exposure to high altitude can cause acute altitude illnesses and is associated with impaired cognitive and physical performance.The most effective preventive strategies currently recommended include environmenta... Acute exposure to high altitude can cause acute altitude illnesses and is associated with impaired cognitive and physical performance.The most effective preventive strategies currently recommended include environmental acclimatization(slow ascent and/or pre-acclimatization)or pharmacological support of acclimatization using acetazolamide.However,these strategies are not practical for high-altitude exposures that require rapid and unplanned ascent,high physical and mental performance,such as rescue missions or military operations.Dexamethasone and other modulators of the glucocorticoid system take effect quickly and are effective alternatives for preventing acute altitude illnesses when rapidly ascending to high altitudes.As the efficacy of dexamethasone in preventing acute mountain illnesses remains controversial,a review of existing studies on the use of dexamethasone for the prevention of acute mountain sickness was conducted,aiming to determine the best strategy.Possible mechanisms of protection against acute altitude illnesses are discussed based on the results of clinical trials.The data indicate that dexamethasone is most effective at altitudes above 4000 m at doses of 8–16 mg/d.Appropriately designed and powered trials are needed to obtain more evidence-based results on the dosage and timing of dexamethasone administration,and to provide optimized recommendations for the application of this powerful pharmacological tool. 展开更多
关键词 Altitude illnesses Prevention Dexamethasone Emergency Rescue mission Military operation
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Research on game strategies of participants in highway prevention and noise pollution control 认领 引用 被引量：1
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作者 HE Yongming TONG Xin +2 位作者 RAN Bin LIANG Chen WAN Yiming 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2026年第1期80-91,共12页
To uncover the decision-making mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics of multiple stakeholders in highway noise pollution control,a three-party evolutionary game model involving the government,operators,and the public i... To uncover the decision-making mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics of multiple stakeholders in highway noise pollution control,a three-party evolutionary game model involving the government,operators,and the public is constructed.The operation period is divided into different stages for differentiated analysis.A simulation analysis was performed on the Lituo sinking section of the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Highway to assess the impact of variations in critical elements on the system.The results indicate that the Lituo sinking section of the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Highway is currently in its early stage of development,with the corresponding strategies being active regulation,excessive emissions,and supervision.When the cost of the government’s active regulation decreases from 1×105 to 5×104 yuan,the system converges more rapidly toward the active regulation strategy.When the cost of the operator’s excessive emissions increases from 14.08×106 to 20.00×106 yuan,the system drives the operator toward the standardized emission strategy.In addition,when the cost of public supervision decreases from 15×104 to 5×104 yuan and the compensation paid by operators to the public increases from 1.288×106 to 2.576×106 yuan,the system converges more quickly toward the supervision strategy.The cost of the operator’s excessive emissions serves as the core decision variable for achieving the ideal equilibrium in the three-party game involving government active regulation,operator standardized emissions,and public supervision. 展开更多
关键词 noise prevention and control operational period evolutionary game Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Highway Lituo sinking section
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Reframing endoscopic screening in upper gastrointestinal cancers:From early detection to precision primary prevention 认领 引用
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作者 Jing Shi Yun-Dong Shi Ying-Hui Chen 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology》 SCIE 2026年第6期26-34,共9页
Upper gastrointestinal(UGI)cancers remain a major global health burden,particularly in high-incidence regions.Traditionally,endoscopic screening has been positioned as a secondary prevention strategy aimed at detectin... Upper gastrointestinal(UGI)cancers remain a major global health burden,particularly in high-incidence regions.Traditionally,endoscopic screening has been positioned as a secondary prevention strategy aimed at detecting premalignant lesions and early-stage cancers.However,emerging evidence suggests that the role of endoscopic screening may extend beyond early diagnosis and into the realm of primary cancer prevention.Recent prospective data suggest that participation in UGI endoscopic screening programs may be associated with reductions in modifiable behavioral risk factors,including cigarette smoking,alcohol consumption,and unhealthy dietary habits.These findings challenge the conventional paradigm that screening solely identifies disease and instead support the concept that screening encounters may serve as critical behavioral intervention windows(i.e.,brief,clinician-delivered risk communication and counseling opportunities during and after screening).From an oncologic perspective,this raises important questions regarding how screening programs can be optimized to function as structured risk-modification platforms.This review examines the evolving concept of endoscopy as a catalyst for primary prevention,integrating behavioral science,risk stratification models,and population-based cancer control strategies.We discuss how screening-triggered health education,individualized risk communication,and integration with molecular and epidemiologic risk profiling could transform UGI cancer prevention frameworks.Furthermore,we explore the implications of redefining screening programs as multidimensional interventions rather than purely diagnostic tools.As precision oncology advances,cancer prevention must evolve accordingly.Reframing UGI endoscopic screening from a detection-centered approach to a precision prevention platform may conceptually enhance long-term cancer control,reduce population-level risk exposure,and improve cost-effectiveness in high-risk regions.Future implementation research is warranted to validate sustainable models that integrate behavioral modification into structured screening pathways. 展开更多
关键词 Upper gastrointestinal cancer Endoscopic screening Primary prevention Precision prevention Behavioral modification Risk stratification Cancer control
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Injury risk and prevention research in sports:Are titles delivering on their promises or are they just a sales pitch to capitalize on a hot topic? 认领 引用
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作者 Jose Afonso Andreia Pizarro +11 位作者 Tania Pizzari Guus Reurink Filipe Manuel Clemente Ana Filipa Silva Zeki Akyildiz Rongzhi Chen Rohit Kumar Thapa João Renato Silva Hugo Sarmento Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo Renato Andrade Sílvia Rocha-Rodrigues 《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第4期319-324,共6页
1.Introduction Injury prevention is an essential element of science and medicine in sports,and it garners attention from stakeholders focused on minimizing athletes’injury risk.Catchy titles including“injury risk”o... 1.Introduction Injury prevention is an essential element of science and medicine in sports,and it garners attention from stakeholders focused on minimizing athletes’injury risk.Catchy titles including“injury risk”or“injury prevention”are likely to grab the readers’attention.Meanwhile,studies on injury prevention might assess the impact of interventions on mitigating injury risk factors(e.g.,strength,range of motion(ROM))but fail to report injury data(e.g.,incidence).1,2 Likewise,observational studies may include“injury risk”in their titles,but fail to provide injury data.3 Without injury data. 展开更多
关键词 injury risk factors interventions mitigating injury risk athletes stakeholders injury prevention injury risk incidence
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Review on Prevention and Control of Roadway Surrounding Rock in Closely Spaced Coal Seam Group Mining 认领 引用
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作者 Bin Li Bo Zhou +2 位作者 Shou-kun Chen Zhi-song Chen Ji-tao Zhang 《Applied Geophysics》 SCIE CSCD 2026年第1期109-124,428,429,共16页
Coal resources continuously advance to deep areas,facing increasingly complex geological conditions.Closely spaced coal seam group mining occupies an important position in China's coal resource extraction,easily c... Coal resources continuously advance to deep areas,facing increasingly complex geological conditions.Closely spaced coal seam group mining occupies an important position in China's coal resource extraction,easily causing large deformation of roadway surrounding rock due to mining impacts,bringing severe challenges to safe and efcient coal mine production.Therefore,research on prevention and control technologies for roadway surrounding rock under closely spaced coal seam group mining is imperative.This paper systematically summarizes current research globally on stress distribution patterns of surrounding rock,main deformation and failure mechanisms of roadway surrounding rock(repeated mining impacts,strength weakening of surrounding rock,and unreasonable support,etc.),eld monitoring and early warning,and currently adopted prevention technologies and measures(optimizing roadway layout to avoid stress concentration zones,adopting high-strength support systems,applying pressure relief and surrounding rock reinforcement technologies,etc.).Simultaneously,it supplements current deficiencies in this research domestically and internationally,such as intelligent monitoring and early warning systems,innovative application of support technologies,interdisciplinary research and comprehensive management,informationbased management and technical support,and introduction of green environmental technologies.Finally,based on the above research,prospects for prevention and control technologies of roadway surrounding rock under closely spaced coal seam group mining are proposed. 展开更多
关键词 close-distance coal seam group large deformation of surrounding rock stress distribution monitoring and early warning prevention and control pressure relief
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Risk factors for thoracic-osteoporotic thoracic vertebral compression fractures during the normalized prevention and control period of COVID-19 认领 引用
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作者 Yi-Fan Li Chen-Qiong Wu +5 位作者 Yang Long Qi-Feng Yu Wei Xu Jian-Jie Zhao Xiang-Yang Zhang Zhi-Kun Li 《World Journal of Orthopedics》 2026年第2期56-67,共12页
BACKGROUND Some scholars believe that there is a certain correlation between coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection and the occurrence of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF),but no relevant domesti... BACKGROUND Some scholars believe that there is a certain correlation between coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection and the occurrence of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF),but no relevant domestic research reports have been published yet.This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients admitted for OVCF and treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty during the normalized prevention and control period of COVID-19 in Shanghai(after June 1,2022),aiming to explore the individual differences of OVCF patients during this special period and analyze the risk factors for OVCF.AIM To explore risk factors for senile OVCF during COVID-19 normalization.METHODS Retrospective analysis of 230 OVCF patients(June 2022 to June 2023,percutaneous vertebroplasty,observation group)and 236 controls(June 2020 to June 2021,OVCF surgery).Observation group was split into nucleic acidpositive(n=85)and negative(n=145)subgroups.Fracture location/cause,visual analogue scale,activity scores were compared;risk factors identified.RESULTS Observation group had 42.2%thoracic fractures and 38.2%cough-induced fractures(both higher than controls,P0.05).Nucleic acid results,fracture cause/location correlated(P<0.05;cause-location r=0.827).Logistic regression showed fracture cause,nucleic acid result,body mass index,bone mineral density as high-risk factors.CONCLUSION During COVID-19 normalization,cough is the top OVCF cause;thoracic fractures rise.The four factors above are independent risks.For elderly COVID-positive patients with recurrent cough,lung disease treatment,antiosteoporosis therapy,and thoracic braces prevent thoracic OVCF. 展开更多
关键词 COVID-19 Normalized prevention and control Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture Risk factor Cough
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Four Major Diseases Affecting Pear Trees and Their Prevention and Control Methods 认领 引用
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作者 Longfei LI Jintao XU +5 位作者 Minghui JI Huan LIU Lijuan GAO Yue YAO Gang NIU Baofeng HAO 《Plant Diseases and Pests》 2026年第1期1-3,13,共3页
This paper presents an overview of the pathogens, symptoms of damage, patterns of occurrence, and chemical control methods associated with four major pear tree diseases: pear scab, pear ring rot, pear anthracnose, and... This paper presents an overview of the pathogens, symptoms of damage, patterns of occurrence, and chemical control methods associated with four major pear tree diseases: pear scab, pear ring rot, pear anthracnose, and pear speckle. The objective is to provide valuable references for the scientific and precise prevention and management of diseases in pear orchards, thereby contributing to the production of high-quality and high-yield pear fruits. 展开更多
关键词 Pear Disease Pathogen Symptoms of damage Patterns of occurrence Prevention and control methods
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Application efficacy and public health value of standardized prevention and control interventions in the prevention of pediatric hand, foot, and mouth disease 认领 引用
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作者 DU Peng 《外文科技期刊数据库（文摘版）医药卫生》 2026年第4期047-051,共5页
Objective To evaluate the practical efficacy of standardized prevention and control interventions implemented by disease control centers in preventing pediatric hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), clarify their role... Objective To evaluate the practical efficacy of standardized prevention and control interventions implemented by disease control centers in preventing pediatric hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), clarify their role in reducing incidence rates and enhancing household prevention capabilities, and provide reliable references for public health interventions. Methods A total of 600 children from childcare institutions within the study area from March 2022 to March 2024 were randomly divided into a control group (n=300) and an observation group (n=300) using random sampling. The control group received only routine health education, while the observation group additionally received standardized prevention measures (standardized environmental disinfection, active case surveillance, and household prevention guidance). The implementation scores of household prevention measures and HFMD incidence rates were compared between the two groups after six months of intervention. Results Prior to intervention, there was no significant difference in household prevention scores between the two groups (control group: 4.12±1.03 vs. observation group: 4.09±1.15, P>0.05). After intervention, the observation group's score improved to 8.76±0.89, significantly higher than the control group's 5.23±1.07, while its HFMD incidence rate of 3.33% (10/300) was markedly lower than the control group's 11.67% (35/300);both differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Standardized prevention interventions effectively enhance household compliance with prevention measures and significantly reduce HFMD incidence, demonstrating substantial public health value and suitability for widespread implementation in childcare settings and other child-intensive environments. 展开更多
关键词 Standardized prevention and control measures Pediatric hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) Prevention Application efficacy
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Efficacy of indomethacin for the prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis:A comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials 认领 引用
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作者 Fu Tian Zhi-Cheng Huang +1 位作者 Hayat Khizar Kai Qiu 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2026年第1期192-207,共16页
BACKGROUND Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis(PEP)is a prevalent and potentially serious complication in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.AIM To comprehe... BACKGROUND Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis(PEP)is a prevalent and potentially serious complication in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.AIM To comprehensively assess the efficacy of indomethacin therapy in reducing PEP risk.METHODS We searched PubMed,EMBASE,Scopus,and Cochrane Library databases to identify randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that compared rectal indomethacin with a control group to prevent PEP.Duplicates were removed,and studies were included based on the established inclusion criteria.We used the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool to assess the risk of bias in the RCTs.A random-effects model was applied to produce pooled risk ratios(RRs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs).RESULTS We included a total of 30 RCTs involving 16977 patients.Compared to the control group,rectal indomethacin showed comparable rates of overall PEP(PEP;RR=0.85,95%CI:0.69-1.04,I2=79%)with no statistically significant difference of RR in mild(RR=0.92,95%CI:0.74-1.14),moderate(RR=0.78,95%CI:0.59-1.02),or severe PEP(RR=1.12,95%CI:0.75-1.67).There was also no difference in cases of adverse events(RR=0.97,95%CI:0.69-1.35),abdominal pain(RR=1.14,95%CI:0.80-1.62),bleeding(RR=1.07,95%CI:0.70-1.63),or mortality(RR=0.86,95%CI:0.56-1.33)between the two groups.Subgroup analyses were also performed.CONCLUSION Rectal indomethacin appears to be safe and may offer benefit in selected high-risk patients,though findings should be interpreted with caution due to high heterogeneity. 展开更多
关键词 Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis Indomethacin Pancreatitis prevention Prophylaxis Meta-analysis
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Recurrence and prevention strategies for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer:A comprehensive review 认领 引用
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作者 Wuhao Liu Jiafu Xiao +1 位作者 Junrong Zou Zhihua He 《Asian Journal of Urology》 CAS CSCD 2026年第1期11-23,共13页
Objective:This review aims to explore the risk factors for recurrence of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)and evaluate current prevention strategies to provide valuable insights for future clinical management.B... Objective:This review aims to explore the risk factors for recurrence of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)and evaluate current prevention strategies to provide valuable insights for future clinical management.By systematically analyzing various clinical and pathological characteristics,this review examines their relationship with NMIBC recurrence and proposes effective preventive measures for these factors.Methods:A systematic literature search was conducted through PubMed and Web of Science to identify studies that focus on the risk factors for NMIBC recurrence.A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the statistical significance of various factors influencing recurrence,such as age,sex,body mass index(BMI),diabetes,smoking,surgical techniques,and tumorspecific characteristics.Additionally,current preventive strategies and treatments,such as intravesical drug instillation,adjuvant chemotherapy,and immunotherapy,were assessed.Results:The following factors significantly influence the recurrence risk of NMIBC:age(older patients have a higher recurrence risk due to weakened immune responses and more comorbidities),sex(women tend to experience more aggressive forms and a poorer prognosis following recurrence),BMI and diabetes(obesity and diabetes worsen immune responses and increase inflammation,contributing to higher recurrence rates),smoking(smokers face a higher recurrence risk due to carcinogenic exposure,but quitting significantly reduces the risk),surgical techniques(incomplete transurethral resection of bladder tumor or inadequate postoperative treatments,e.g.,Bacillus Calmette-Guerin[BCG],increase recurrence),tumor characteristics(high-grade and large tumors[especially multifocal]have a higher risk of recurrence),immunotherapy and chemotherapy(BCG is standard for high-risk patients,while newer treatments,such as immune checkpoint inhibitors[e.g.,pembrolizumab]and chemotherapy[e.g.,gemcitabine with docetaxel],are emerging for BCG-unresponsive cases),and biomarkers(biomarkers like tumor DNA in urine or circulating tumor DNA in blood can facilitate early detection of recurrence and help predict recurrence risk). 展开更多
关键词 Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer Recurrence Risk factors Prevention
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Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic screening serves as a primary prevention approach by reducing modifiable risk factors 认领 引用
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作者 Xiang-Wen Cheng Zhen Liu +11 位作者 Chuan-Hai Guo Feng-Lei Li Ya-Qi Pan Ying Liu Fang-Fang Liu Huan-Yu Chen Wen-Lei Yang Hong-Rui Tian Chao Shi Zhong-Hu He Meng-Fei Liu Yang Ke 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology》 SCIE 2026年第4期162-171,共10页
BACKGROUND Screening can play a role in primary prevention by mitigating modifiable risk factors.However,whether upper gastrointestinal(UGI)endoscopic screening can reduce the burden of modifiable risk factors is unkn... BACKGROUND Screening can play a role in primary prevention by mitigating modifiable risk factors.However,whether upper gastrointestinal(UGI)endoscopic screening can reduce the burden of modifiable risk factors is unknown.AIM To evaluate the effect of UGI endoscopic screening on modifiable risk factors for cancer and its potential role in primary prevention.METHODS We collected data from 11842 participants in the screening arm(received standard UGI endoscopy)and 12793 participants in the control arm(received abdominal B-ultrasound examination)of a randomized controlled trial.The participants completed questionnaires before and after screening(median interval:6.55 years).Data on three modifiable risk factors including cigarette smoking,alcohol drinking,and unhealthy dietary habits,at both time-points were collected.Logistic regression was applied to assess the effect of UGI endoscopic screening on the cessation and incidence of these three modifiable risk factors.RESULTS UGI endoscopic screening significantly increased the cessation rate of cigarette smoking,alcohol drinking and unhealthy dietary habits[odds ratio(OR)smoking=1.20(1.06-1.36),ORdrinking=1.33(1.19-1.50)and OR_(unhealthy dietary habits)=1.07(1.02-1.13)].Subgroup analysis showed that the cessation effects were dominant among subjects who completed UGI endoscopy,while no significant effects were observed among those who declined endoscopy.Females and individuals aged>60 years were more prone to changes in behavior.Analysis of the incidence of the three modifiable risk factors showed that only the incidence of unhealthy dietary habits was significantly decreased by UGI endoscopic screening[OR=0.85(0.80-0.91)].CONCLUSION UGI endoscopic screening increased the cessation of modifiable risk factors;thus,contributing to primary prevention of cancers.Females and individuals aged>60 years in rural China were more prone to changes in behavior. 展开更多
关键词 Upper gastrointestinal tract cancer Endoscopic screening Risk factors Primary prevention Health promotion
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Risk factors and prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis 认领 引用
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作者 Pei-Wen Xu Qian-Qian Xu +3 位作者 Yan Yu Yan Jiao Ya-Hui Liu Lei Yang 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy》 2026年第3期27-33,共7页
Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)pancreatitis(PEP)is the most common and serious complication following ERCP,with incidence rates ranging from 3%to 15%and up to 40%in high-risk patients.Its mul... Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)pancreatitis(PEP)is the most common and serious complication following ERCP,with incidence rates ranging from 3%to 15%and up to 40%in high-risk patients.Its multifactorial pathogenesis involves both patient-related and procedure-related factors.Established risk factors include female sex,younger age,sphincter of Oddi dysfunction,previous pancreatitis,difficult cannulation,and pancreatic duct injection.The combination of several risk factors markedly increases the likelihood of PEP,underscoring the need for individualized risk assessment.Preventive strategies have evolved from empirical approaches to evidence-based interventions.Rectal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and prophylactic pancreatic duct stenting are strongly supported by clinical evidence as effective measures,particularly in high-risk patients.Aggressive intravenous hydration and early precut sphincterotomy have also shown benefit.However,the efficacy of pharmacological agents such as somatostatin,gabexate,and nafamostat mesilate remains inconsistent.Recent advances include the development of risk prediction models and scoring systems that integrate patient and procedural variables,offering moderate predictive accuracy.Ongoing research explores the use of artificial intelligence to improve risk stratification and guide prophylactic strategies.Future efforts should focus on standardizing diagnostic criteria,validating predictive tools,and optimizing combined preventive protocols.Through integrated risk assessment and tailored prevention,the incidence and severity of PEP may be significantly reduced,improving safety and outcomes in ERCP practice. 展开更多
关键词 Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis Risk factors Prevention Rectal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Pancreatic duct stenting
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Traditional Chinese Medicine for the prevention and treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis:scientific understanding and a multimodal therapeutic approach 认领 引用
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作者 LIN Kaifeng ZENG Zhongliao +7 位作者 SUN Yan SUN Fangzhou ZHANG Han SUN Jing JIANG Ling Jeffrey D.Deng LI Min LIANG Bocheng 《Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第3期745-756,共12页
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis(AIS)is a common spinal disorder characterized by deviations in the coronal,sagittal,and axial planes.As AIS progresses with age,it compromises biomechanical function and increasingly im... Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis(AIS)is a common spinal disorder characterized by deviations in the coronal,sagittal,and axial planes.As AIS progresses with age,it compromises biomechanical function and increasingly impacts pulmonary function and psychological well-being.Bracing and Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises(PSSE)are commonly used conservative treatments for AIS.However,Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been gaining increasing attention in conservative AIS management.This study examines the effectiveness of TCM and its integrative therapies in AIS treatment,with particular emphasis on the foundational TCM concept of“preventive treatment of disease”.A three-level prevention strategy is proposed,highlighting the importance of early detection,timely treatment,and proactive intervention.This framework aims to promote a scientific understanding of TCM approaches and their synergistic use with other therapies in AIS management,offering new perspectives and potential directions for future. 展开更多
关键词 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis combined modality therapy medicine Chinese traditional three-level prevention review
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Toward Robust Deepfake Defense:A Review of Deepfake Detection and Prevention Techniques in Images 认领 引用
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作者 Ahmed Abdel-Wahab Mohammad Alkhatib 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2026年第2期119-152,共34页
Deepfake is a sort of fake media made by advanced AI methods like Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs).Deepfake technology has many useful uses in education and entertainment,but it also raises a lot of ethical,socia... Deepfake is a sort of fake media made by advanced AI methods like Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs).Deepfake technology has many useful uses in education and entertainment,but it also raises a lot of ethical,social,and security issues,such as identity theft,the dissemination of false information,and privacy violations.This study seeks to provide a comprehensive analysis of several methods for identifying and circumventing Deepfakes,with a particular focus on image-based Deepfakes.There are three main types of detection methods:classical,machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL)-based,and hybrid methods.There are three main types of preventative methods:technical,legal,and moral.The study investigates the effectiveness of several detection approaches,such as convolutional neural networks(CNNs),frequency domain analysis,and hybrid CNN-LSTM models,focusing on the respective advantages and disadvantages of each method.We also look at new technologies like Explainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI)and blockchain-based frameworks.The essay looks at the use of algorithmic protocols,watermarking,and blockchain-based content verification as possible ways to stop certain things from happening.Recent advancements,including adversarial training and anti-Deepfake data generation,are essential because of their potential to alleviate rising concerns.This reviewshows that there aremajor problems,such as the difficulty of improving the capabilities of existing systems,the high running expenses,and the risk of being attacked by enemies.It stresses the importance of working together across fields,including academia,business,and government,to create robust,scalable,and ethical solutions.Themain goals of futurework should be to create lightweight,real-timedetection systems,connect them to large language models(LLMs),and put in place worldwide regulatory frameworks.This essay argues for a complete and varied plan to keep digital information real and build confidence in a time when media is driven by artificial intelligence.It uses both technical and non-technical means. 展开更多
关键词 Deepfake detection deepfake prevention generative adversarial networks(GANs) digital media integrity artificial intelligence ethics
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Chinese expert consensus on prevention,diagnosis,and management of venous thromboembolism in adult burn patients(2024) 认领 引用
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作者 Feng Zhu Xiao-Bin Liu +13 位作者 Wei Zhou Tuo Shen Qi-Min Ma Yu-Song Wang Wen-Bin Tang Xiao-Jian Li Xi Yin Ding-Hong Min Hao Li Shi-Hui Zhu Yue-Sheng Huang Guang-Hua Guo Xiao-Bing Fu Burn and Trauma Branch of the Chinese Geriatric Medical Association and Critical Care Group of Burn Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association 《Military Medical Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2026年第4期517-541,共25页
Venous thromboembolism(VTE)management in adult burn patients has become a crucial focus in China.The intricate nature of VTE necessitates specialized anticoagulation strategies due to the unique challenges posed by bu... Venous thromboembolism(VTE)management in adult burn patients has become a crucial focus in China.The intricate nature of VTE necessitates specialized anticoagulation strategies due to the unique challenges posed by burn injuries.To address this pressing issue,the Burn and Trauma Branch of the Chinese Geriatric Medical Association and Critical Care Group of Burn Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association organized a panel of domestic experts in burn surgery,critical care medicine,vascular surgery,nursing,and health statistics and methodology from Chinese hospitals to discuss VTE-related issues in burn injury,the heightened risk factors such as extensive tissue damage and prolonged immobilization,and the delicate balance required in anticoagulation therapy to mitigate bleeding risks.Based on the latest available research evidence as well as the clinical experience of the panel experts,this consensus comprehensively evaluates factors such as generalizability,suitability,and the potential implications for resource allocation.It also appropriately weighs the clinical advantages against possible drawbacks,resulting in the formulation of 21 guideline recommendations. 展开更多
关键词 Burn Adult Venous thromboembolism(VTE) Diagnosis Management Prevention Consensus Deep vein thrombosis(DVT) Pulmonary thromboembolism(PE) Anticoagulation
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Analysis of the application of Miao medicine theory in gout prevention and treatment 认领 引用
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作者 Qian Deng Zining Peng +5 位作者 Yuanbo Huang Fanyu Meng Nian Liu Weitian Yan Jiayan Shen Jiangyun Peng 《Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences》 CAS CSCD 2026年第6期583-595,共13页
Gout,a metabolic disorder characterized by dysregulated uric acid metabolism,has emerged as a major global public health concern owing to its steadily increasing prevalence.This study systematically examined the disti... Gout,a metabolic disorder characterized by dysregulated uric acid metabolism,has emerged as a major global public health concern owing to its steadily increasing prevalence.This study systematically examined the distinctive diagnostic and therapeutic principles of Miao medicine theory in the prevention and treatment of gout.Our findings indicated that Miao medicine conceptualized gout management through a unique“disease stage-functional framework-body domain”system,grounded in a regulatory model that integrates energy,matter,and structural dynamics.This holistic and dynamically balanced perspective offered novel theoretical insights and complementary practical strategies that might enrich contemporary approaches to gout management. 展开更多
关键词 Miao medicine theory Gout Prevention and treatment Staging
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Early mobilization combined with intermittent pneumatic compression for deep vein thrombosis prevention after hepatocellular carcinoma surgery 认领 引用
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作者 Xiao-Jie Liang Jin-Ling Dong Qin-Xue Zhou 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery》 SCIE 2026年第6期187-197,共11页
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains a common malignancy,with surgical intervention being the main curative treatment.Postoperative deep vein thrombosis(DVT)incidence after HCC surgery is significantly high... BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains a common malignancy,with surgical intervention being the main curative treatment.Postoperative deep vein thrombosis(DVT)incidence after HCC surgery is significantly high due to major surgical trauma,prolonged bed rest,and patient-specific risk factors such as cirrhosis and coagulation dysfunction.Current DVT prevention strategies,including pharmacological and physical prophylaxis,have reduced effectiveness when used separately.Early mobilization and intermittent pneumatic compression(IPC)have shown potential benefits,but evidence on their combinations remains unclear.AIM To investigate the efficacy and safety of early mobilization combined with IPC for lower extremity DVT prevention after HCC surgery.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 100 patients who underwent HCC surgery at our hospital from January 2020 to June 2025.Forty-eight patients who received standard care from January 2020 to June 2022 were assigned to the control group,and 52 patients who received early mobilization combined with IPC from July 2022 to June 2025 were assigned to the observation group.The observation group initiated a progressive early mobilization protocol 6-8 hours postoperatively,simultaneously applying IPC(pressure 40-60 mmHg,30-45 minutes per session,twice daily,continued until postoperative day 7).The primary outcome was the incidence of lower extremity DVT.Secondary outcomes included pulmonary embolism(PE)incidence,coagulation parameters(D-dimer,fibrinogen,prothrombin time,activated partial thromboplastin time),lower limb circumference changes,and functional recovery indicators[Barthel Index(BI),Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)score,independent walking distance].RESULTS The total incidence of lower extremity DVT was 5.8%in the observation group,lower than 18.8%in the control group(P=0.045).D-dimer levels at postoperative days 7 and 14 were lower in the observation group compared to the control group(P=0.002,P=0.001).Calf circumference at postoperative day 7 was smaller in the observation group than the control group(P=0.006).The observation group had earlier time to first ambulation than the control group(P0.05).CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the safety and feasibility of implementing a combined early mobilization and IPC strategy to improve recovery for HCC surgery patients.The combined approach indicated reduced lower extremity DVT incidence,improved functional recovery,and good safety profile.Further prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to establish definitive efficacy and optimize protocol parameters. 展开更多
关键词 Hepatocellular carcinoma Postoperative complications Venous thrombosis Early mobilization Intermittent pneumatic compression Prevention
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Letter to the Editor:Machine learning models for hospital-acquired functional decline in geriatric surgical patients-from prediction to prevention 认领 引用
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作者 Anjana S Wajekar Gauri R Gangakhedkar Ashwini D Rane 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 2026年第12期69-72,共4页
Hospital-acquired functional decline(HAFD),even after a successful surgery,is found in up to one-third of the geriatric population.Early and accurate prediction of HAFD can provide timepoints for early intervention to... Hospital-acquired functional decline(HAFD),even after a successful surgery,is found in up to one-third of the geriatric population.Early and accurate prediction of HAFD can provide timepoints for early intervention to improve postoperative outcomes.While machine learning(ML)offers a promising approach,several pitfalls must be addressed before clinical adoption.When combined with clinically interpretable outputs and continuous model recalibration,ML can support patient-centred decision-making,helping reduce preventable disability,shorten recovery time,and improve overall quality of care for vulnerable hospitalized elders. 展开更多
关键词 Frailty Geriatric Hospital-acquired functional decline Machine learning Prediction Prevention
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Lymphocele after renal transplant:Prevention and management 认领 引用
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作者 Mahendra Singh Jaideep Singh Soni +4 位作者 Manali Jain Deepak P Bhirud Shiv C Navriya Gautam R Choudhary Arjun S Sandhu 《World Journal of Transplantation》 2026年第2期96-103,共8页
Lymphocele is a common postoperative complication following renal transplantation,with reported incidence ranging from 0.6%to 38%.Symptomatic lymphoceles,occurring in 5%-10%of recipients,may cause graft dysfunction th... Lymphocele is a common postoperative complication following renal transplantation,with reported incidence ranging from 0.6%to 38%.Symptomatic lymphoceles,occurring in 5%-10%of recipients,may cause graft dysfunction through ureteric or vascular compression.This minireview provides a comprehensive synthesis of the epidemiology,pathophysiology,risk factors,prevention,diagnosis,and management of post-transplant lymphoceles.Prevention strategies include meticulous surgical ligation of lymphatics,prophylactic peritoneal fenestration,and delaying the use of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors in the early post-transplant period.Diagnosis is best achieved using ultrasound,with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging reserved for complex cases.Management follows a stepwise approach:Conservative observation for small asymptomatic collections,percutaneous drainage with or without sclerotherapy for symptomatic cases,and laparoscopic marsupialization for refractory or complicated lymphoceles.Novel techniques,including intraoperative lymphangiography and bioengineered sealants,represent promising future strategies for addressing these challenges.This minireview highlights the importance of integrating surgical refinement,tailored immunosuppression,and emerging technologies to optimize outcomes in renal transplant recipients. 展开更多
关键词 Lymphocele Renal transplantation Complications Immunosuppression Prevention Management Marsupialization
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Effectiveness of a structured protocol for the prevention of acute respiratory tract infections in daycare centers:A quasi-experimental study 认领 引用
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作者 Klaita Srisingh Nittaya Sribuarom +1 位作者 Chanikan Suasing Sagoontee Inkate 《World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics》 2026年第3期223-234,共12页
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory tract infections(ARTIs)are a major cause of pediatric morbidity.Daycare centers(DCCs)are high-risk environments where close interpersonal contact facilitates rapid viral transmission.Effec... BACKGROUND Acute respiratory tract infections(ARTIs)are a major cause of pediatric morbidity.Daycare centers(DCCs)are high-risk environments where close interpersonal contact facilitates rapid viral transmission.Effective and practical preventive strategies are therefore essential to reduce infection-related burden in these settings.AIM To determine the incidence of ARTIs in DCCs following implementation of a structured protocol designed to mitigate respiratory virus transmission.METHODS A cluster study was conducted in which two centers were centers to either intervention or control groups via lottery.Although allocation was randomized,the study was not designed as a randomized controlled trial;therefore,potential bias and confounding were considered.Participants were followed for 25 weeks.The primary outcome was physician-diagnosed ARTIs per 100 child-weeks.Incidence rate ratios(IRRs)with 95% CIs were estimated using Poisson regression with a log link and person-time offset,adjusting for covariates under the intention-to-treat principle.Results cautious interpretation Due to limited clusters,results require cautious interpretation.Statistical significance was defined as P<0.05.RESULTS A total of 223 children(149 intervention,74 control)across 2 clusters were enrolled.By week 25,the cumulative proportion of ARTIs was 18.1%in the intervention group compared with 60.8%in the control group.The incidence rate of ARTIs was lower in the intervention group,with adjusted rates of 1.09 per 100 child-weeks vs 13.00 per 100 child-weeks.The adjusted IRR was 0.14(95%CI:0.09-0.22;P<0.001),suggesting an observed difference in incidence between groups under the study conditions.CONCLUSION Protocol implementation was associated with a lower observed incidence of ARTIs under the study conditions.However,interpretation is constrained by the study design,the small number of clusters,and potential sources of bias.Larger,well-designed randomized studies are required to further evaluate this association in daycare settings. 展开更多
关键词 Child daycare centers Common cold Infectious disease transmission Prevention Respiratory tract infection
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