Natural gas,as a fossil energy source,possesses abundant reserves in nature.It is cleaner and more environmentally benign compared to coal and crude oil.Converting natural gas via catalytic routes into more valuable c...Natural gas,as a fossil energy source,possesses abundant reserves in nature.It is cleaner and more environmentally benign compared to coal and crude oil.Converting natural gas via catalytic routes into more valuable chemicals,such as benzene and methanol,can both reduce the transportation costs of natural gas and increase the supply of commodity chemicals.It also serves as a significant supplement to the current petrochemical industry,holding broad application prospects.The aromatization reaction of methane is a critical technique in the methane conversion pathway,in which aromatics like benzene,toluene,and naphthalene can be produced via high-temperature dehydrogenation.Such a process has drawn significant research attention over the past three decades.This paper attempts to provide a detailed introduction to the development of research on this reaction.By examining various aspects including reaction thermodynamics,catalyst composition,reaction intermediates/mechanism,coke properties,anti-coking measures and process intensification,it aims to offer readers a comprehensive understanding of this reaction.Additionally,by discussing the co-aromatization of methane with higher hydrocarbons like propane,it tries to expand the cognitive boundaries related to methane aromatization reactions,thereby tending to offer deeper insights into the aromatization process of feedstock with compositions similar to real natural gas.In the end,the current research status in the field of methane aromatization is summarized,and future research directions are outlined as well.展开更多
Copper indium gallium selenide(CIGS)thin-film solar cells have attracted substantial attention due to their high efficiency and scalable fabrication processes.However,achieving optimized and reproducible performance r...Copper indium gallium selenide(CIGS)thin-film solar cells have attracted substantial attention due to their high efficiency and scalable fabrication processes.However,achieving optimized and reproducible performance remains challenging because of the complex process flows and interdependent,multidimensional parameters inherent to these heterojunction devices.Elucidating the process-structureperformance relationship between manufacturing parameters and device output is therefore essential.In this study,we demonstrate an effective approach for optimizing CIGS performance using interpretable machine learning(ML)and construct a whole-process database comprising 756 experimental samples.Through multi-model comparison,the Categorical Boosting(CatBoost)algorithm is identified as the optimal model across four performance metrics,yielding a coefficient of determination(R2)of 0.755 for power conversion efficiency(PCE)with a root mean square error(RMSE)of 2.3%.By integrating Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)with parallel-coordinates visualization,this study systematically quantifies the dominant contributions of the anti-reflection coating(ARC)and fabrication methodologies,while revealing critical compositional trade-offs.Moreover,a Golden Process Corridor for high-efficiency devices is established,indicating that improved performance is associated with ARC deposition,the three-stage co-evaporation method,an absorber thickness of 2.0–3.0μm,[Cu]/([Ga]+[In])ratio of 0.89–0.95,and[Ga]/([Ga]+[In])ratio of 0.29–0.42.ML demonstrates strong predictive capability for device performance,offering a transferable roadmap to accelerate process optimization for singlejunction and tandem CIGS devices while reducing research and development costs.展开更多
The synergistic mechanism of multiple process parameters on the solidification structure of niobium containing austenitic stainless steel during continuous casting is complex,which seriously affects the quality of con...The synergistic mechanism of multiple process parameters on the solidification structure of niobium containing austenitic stainless steel during continuous casting is complex,which seriously affects the quality of continuous casting billets and seamless pipes.In order to optimize the quality of continuous casting billet,a finite element model of solidification and heat transfer in continuous casting process was established for the secondary cooling process of continuous casting billet.The control variable method was used to explore the influence of casting speed and superheat on the solidification process.At the same time,an orthogonal scheme was designed to study the coupling effect of multiple process parameters on the heat transfer and solidification state of continuous casting billets,and optimized process parameters were selected.The optimization results of process parameters were verified through production experiments,and it is found that the enrichment of coarse niobium compounds directly causes the initiation and propagation of inner wall cracks during the large deformation hot piercing of S30432 seamless tubes.Process parameter optimization,especially the synergistic effect of the decrease of superheat and increase of specific water flow promotes the grain refinement and expension of equiaxed crystal zone,thereby mitigating the segregation of Nb elements and improving the distribution of niobium compounds.展开更多
To address the dimensional accuracy challenges in investment casting of DD6 nickel-based superalloy hollow turbine blades,a multi-parameter collaborative optimization and deformation response prediction method based o...To address the dimensional accuracy challenges in investment casting of DD6 nickel-based superalloy hollow turbine blades,a multi-parameter collaborative optimization and deformation response prediction method based on response surface methodology was proposed.Using a Box-Behnken design,with pouring temperature,shell temperature,and withdrawal rate as key variables,deformation response data were obtained through numerical simulation,and a second-order model incorporating linear,interaction,and quadratic terms was established to characterize the nonlinear coupling effects of process parameters on dimensional deformation.The results indicate that withdrawal rate is the dominant factor influencing deformation,while shell temperature exhibits a pronounced“U”-shaped nonlinear trend.Significant interactions between process parameters are also observed.The constructed model demonstrates high predictive accuracy,with R2 of 0.978 and an RMSE of 0.0026 mm,and exhibits strong generalization capability,enabling the identification of optimal parameter combinations even beyond the simulated dataset.Compared with conventional orthogonal design methods,the maximum deformation of the optimized process was reduced from 0.2021 mm to 0.1905 mm,achieving an improvement of approximately 5.74%.This work provides a theoretical foundation and practical strategy for dimensional accuracy control and multi-parameter process optimization in the manufacturing of complex thin-walled castings.展开更多
The scale-up of photocatalytic processes for pollutant removal from water involves several critical aspects,including timely analytical control and optimization of operational parameters to maximize efficiency while m...The scale-up of photocatalytic processes for pollutant removal from water involves several critical aspects,including timely analytical control and optimization of operational parameters to maximize efficiency while minimizing reagent consumption.In advanced oxidation processes,reagent use represents a major cost.Specifically,in photo-Fenton processes,excess hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)can hinder pollutant degradation kinetics,making precise dosing crucial.Automation of H2O2 concentration monitoring and dosing is therefore essential to the development of reliable,rapid,and cost-effective devices.This study investigated the role of H2O2 dosing in the photo-Fenton degradation of two emerging contaminants(paracetamol and caffeine).A custom Arduino-controlled automated device was employed for online colorimetric H2O2 measurements and dosing.The kinetics of substrate degradation,organic carbon mineralization,and H2O2 consumption were compared to determine the optimal H2O2 dosing strategy for maximizing process efficiency.The H2O2 consumption profile was found to be substrate-dependent.Caffeine degradation exhibited distinctive behavior,warranting preliminary analysis of its by-products.The device also enabled online dissolved oxygen measurements to explore potential relationships with H2O2 concentrations.The results revealed faster substrate and organic carbon removal when a stoichiometric H2O2 dose was added initially,whereas successive additions of smaller H2O2 doses reduced overall H2O2 consumption.展开更多
The friction stir welding(FSW)of dissimilar aluminium alloys,AA2014 and AA6061,in a butt edge lap joint design is examined in this study.Using the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array and grey relational analysis(GRA),process ...The friction stir welding(FSW)of dissimilar aluminium alloys,AA2014 and AA6061,in a butt edge lap joint design is examined in this study.Using the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array and grey relational analysis(GRA),process parameters,i.e.,tool rotational speed,traverse speed,and lap length,were optimised in order to examine their impact on mechanical properties such as microhardness,elongation,and ultimate tensile strength(UTS).FSW tool,made of H13 tool steel and heat-treated to a hardness of 61 HRC,consisted of a 5 mm diameter pin and an 18 mm diameter shoulder.Experimental findings indicated that the lap length exerted a significant influence on the UTS,while the tool rotational speed had a notable effect on the elongation and hardness of the specimens.The optimum parameter setting(710 rpm,25 mm/min,2 mm lap length)produced improved joint performance.Microstructural studies supported the occurrence of clear weld zones with fine equiaxed grains within the nugget zone due to dynamic recrystallization.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)analysis revealed homogeneous material mixing and elemental diffusion in the stir zone,and also local concentration variations of copper,magnesium,and silicon.The research concludes that the optimized FSW parameters allow for the production of sound welds with favourable mechanical and metallurgical properties.展开更多
To address the challenges of complexity,power consumption,and cost constraints in traditional display driver integrated circuits(DDICs)caused by external NOR Flash and SRAM,this work proposes an embedded resistive ran...To address the challenges of complexity,power consumption,and cost constraints in traditional display driver integrated circuits(DDICs)caused by external NOR Flash and SRAM,this work proposes an embedded resistive random-access memory(RRAM)integration solution based on a 40 nm high-voltage CMOS logic platform.Targeting the yield fluctuations and stability challenges during RRAM mass production,systematic process optimizations are implemented to achieve synergistic improvements in RRAM performance and yield.Through modifications to the film sputtering and pre-deposition treatment,the withinwafer resistance uniformity(RSU)of the oxygen-deficient layer(ODL)thin film is improved from 11%to 8%,while inter-wafer process stability variation reduces from 23%to below 6%.Consequently,the yield of 8 Mb RRAM embedded mass production products increases from 87%to 98.5%.In terms of device performance,the RRAM demonstrates a fast 4.8 ns read speed,exceptional read disturb immunity of 3×108 cycles at 95℃,103 write/erase endurance cycles for the 1 Mb cells,and data retention of 12.5 years at 125℃.Post high-temperature operating life(HTOL)testing exhibits stable high/low resistance window.This study provides process optimization strategies and a reliability assurance framework for the mass production of highly integrated,low-power embedded RRAM display driver IC.展开更多
To address the persistent challenge of dynamic mismatch between wellbore lifting capacity and reservoir fluid supply,and to establish a robust optimization framework for drainage operations in high-water-cut tight san...To address the persistent challenge of dynamic mismatch between wellbore lifting capacity and reservoir fluid supply,and to establish a robust optimization framework for drainage operations in high-water-cut tight sandstone gas reservoirs,this study systematically investigates the graded optimization and dynamic adaptation of drainage gas recovery technologies.Production data from a representative tight gas field were first employed to forecast reservoir performance.The predictive reliability was rigorously validated through high-precision history matching,thereby providing a quantitatively consistent foundation for subsequent wellbore optimization.Building on this characterization,a coupled simulation framework was developed that integrates wellbore multiphase flow modeling with nodal analysis based on the Inflow Performance Relationship,IPR,and the Vertical Lift Performance,VLP.This coordinated approach enables comprehensive evaluation of process adaptability and dynamic optimization of foam-assisted drainage,mechanical pumping,and jet pumping systems under evolving water-gas ratio,WGR conditions.The results reveal that a progressively increasing water-gas ratio is the dominant factor driving the transition from chemically assisted drainage methods to mechanically enhanced lifting technologies.A distinct quantitative threshold is identified at WGR≈0.002,beyond which mechanical intervention becomes more effective and economically justified.For mechanical pumping and jet pumping systems,a parameter inversion optimization strategy constrained by the target bottomhole flowing pressure,Pwf,is proposed to ensure stable production while maintaining reservoir drawdown control.In particular,the nozzle-to-throat area ratio of the jet pump is identified as the key governing parameter influencing entrainment capacity and lifting efficiency.Moreover,a configuration characterized by small pump diameter,long stroke length,and low operating speed is demonstrated to satisfy drainage requirements while mitigating torque fluctuations,enhancing volumetric efficiency,and improving pump fillage stability.展开更多
An accurate analysis of the three-dimensional(3D)deformed configuration of a bottom-hole assembly(BHA)is critical for predicting and controlling well paths in directional drilling.Among the various numerical approache...An accurate analysis of the three-dimensional(3D)deformed configuration of a bottom-hole assembly(BHA)is critical for predicting and controlling well paths in directional drilling.Among the various numerical approaches,the weighted residual method exhibits superior performance owing to its semi-analytical nature,enabling high accuracy in handling diverse boundary conditions.In previous studies,the weighted residual method has been coupled with a dual optimization process to determine the 3D deformation and tangency point of the BHA.However,its applicability is limited by the conventional treatment of contact interactions between the BHA and wellbore wall.Specifically,stabilizer-wellbore contacts are regarded as predefined boundary conditions,rather than solving these contact positions as unknown variables consistent with actual downhole conditions.This limitation reduces modeling fidelity in complex downhole environments.To address this limitation,this study enhances the optimization-based weighted residual method by introducing ant colony optimization(ACO)to solve the 3D contact problem.In the proposed framework,the bending energy of the deformed BHA is conceptualized as“food”,while the contact positions and orientations of stabilizers are assigned a measure of“taste”.Through this metaphor,the ACO algorithm employs artificial“ants”to explore the optimal stabilizer locations and orientations that minimize the BHA bending energy,thereby refining the computed 3D deformation.The simulation results demonstrate that integrating ACO into the previously established dual optimization framework enables the effective determination of the contact configuration between the BHA and wellbore wall.As a result,the overall accuracy of the 3D BHA deformation analysis is significantly improved.In one representative case study,the bending energy of the BHA is reduced by 55.6%compared with that obtained from the original dual-optimization method.展开更多
To address the challenge of complex mapping between process parameters and optical performance in smoothing by spectral dispersion(SSD)gratings,we propose an inverse design and process optimization framework based on ...To address the challenge of complex mapping between process parameters and optical performance in smoothing by spectral dispersion(SSD)gratings,we propose an inverse design and process optimization framework based on ensemble learning.By constructing a weighted-average ensemble learning model,this framework establishes a complete mapping chain of“target performance–predicted structure–executable process,”realizing a closed-loop optimization workflow of“design–prediction–fabrication–verification.”The coefficient of determination for its structural parameter predictions is above 0.955,with a mean absolute error of less than 0.85%.Through systematic comparison of the correlations between model predictions and measured data,we confirm that the framework captures genuine dependencies among process parameters,providing further insights for achieving more reliable process mapping.Experimental validation shows that SSD gratings fabricated based on this framework exhibit a deviation of less than 1.5%between the measured diffraction efficiency and the design target.We not only verify the effectiveness of the closed-loop optimization workflow but also mark a paradigm shift in process development from empirical trial-and-error to data-driven intelligent design.The validated interpretable inverse design framework provides a pathway for the intelligent and controllable fabrication of gratings and other micro-nano optical components.展开更多
Selective Laser Melting(SLM),an advanced metal additive manufacturing technology,offers high precision and personalized customization advantages.However,selecting reasonable SLM parameters is challenging due to comple...Selective Laser Melting(SLM),an advanced metal additive manufacturing technology,offers high precision and personalized customization advantages.However,selecting reasonable SLM parameters is challenging due to complex relationships.This study proposes a method for identifying the optimal process window by combining the simulation model with an optimization algorithm.JAYA is guided by the principle of preferential behavior towards best solutions and avoidance of worst ones,but it is prone to premature convergence thus leading to insufficient global search.To overcome limitations,this research proposes a Differential Evolution-framed JAYA algorithm(DEJAYA).DEJAYA incorporates four key enhancements to improve the flexibility of the original algorithm,which include DE framework design,horizontal crossover operator,longitudinal crossover operator,and global greedy strategy.The effectiveness of DEJAYA is rigorously evaluated by a suite of 23 distinct benchmark functions.Furthermore,the numerical simulation establishes AlSi10Mg single-track formation models,and DEJAYA successfully identified the optimal process window for this problem.Experimental results validate that DEJAYA effectively guides SLM parameter selection for AlSi10Mg.展开更多
Refractory metals,including tungsten(W),tantalum(Ta),molybdenum(Mo),and niobium(Nb),play a vital role in industries,such as nuclear energy and aerospace,owing to their exceptional melting temperatures,thermal durabili...Refractory metals,including tungsten(W),tantalum(Ta),molybdenum(Mo),and niobium(Nb),play a vital role in industries,such as nuclear energy and aerospace,owing to their exceptional melting temperatures,thermal durability,and corrosion resistance.These metals have body-centered cubic crystal structure,characterized by limited slip systems and impeded dislocation motion,resulting in significant low-temperature brittleness,which poses challenges for the conventional processing.Additive manufacturing technique provides an innovative approach,enabling the production of intricate parts without molds,which significantly improves the efficiency of material usage.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements in additive manufacturing techniques for the production of refractory metals,such as W,Ta,Mo,and Nb,particularly the laser powder bed fusion.In this review,the influence mechanisms of key process parameters(laser power,scan strategy,and powder characteristics)on the evolution of material microstructure,the formation of metallurgical defects,and mechanical properties were discussed.Generally,optimizing powder characteristics,such as sphericity,implementing substrate preheating,and formulating alloying strategies can significantly improve the densification and crack resistance of manufactured parts.Meanwhile,strictly controlling the oxygen impurity content and optimizing the energy density input are also the key factors to achieve the simultaneous improvement in strength and ductility of refractory metals.Although additive manufacturing technique provides an innovative solution for processing refractory metals,critical issues,such as residual stress control,microstructure and performance anisotropy,and process stability,still need to be addressed.This review not only provides a theoretical basis for the additive manufacturing of high-performance refractory metals,but also proposes forward-looking directions for their industrial application.展开更多
Notable advancements have been made in the additive manufacturing(AM)of aerospace materials,driven by the needs for integrated components with intricate geometries and small-lot production of high-value components.Nic...Notable advancements have been made in the additive manufacturing(AM)of aerospace materials,driven by the needs for integrated components with intricate geometries and small-lot production of high-value components.Nickel-based superalloys,pivotal materials for high-temperature bearing components in aeroengines,present significant challenges in the fabrication of complex parts due to their great hardness.Huge attention and rapid progress have been garnered in AM processing of nicklebased superalloys,largely owing to its distinct benefits in the freedom of fabrication and reduced manufacturing lifecycle.Despite extensive research into AM in nickel-based superalloys,the corresponding results and conclusions are scattered attributed to the variety of nickel-based superalloys and complex AM processing parameters.Therefore,there is still a pressing need for a comprehensive and deep understanding of the relationship between the AM processing and microstructures and mechanical performance of nickel-based superalloys.This review introduces the processing characteristics of four primary AM technologies utilized for superalloys and summarizes the microstructures and mechanical properties prior to and post-heat treatments.Additionally,this review presents innovative superalloys specifically accommodated to AM processing and offers insights into the material development and performance improvement,aiming to provide a valuable assessment on AM processing of nickel-based superalloys and an effective guidance for the future research.展开更多
Aluminum alloys manufactured using traditional processes are increasingly unable to meet the high flexibility and performance requirements of modern engineering.In this study,Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloys were manufactured via l...Aluminum alloys manufactured using traditional processes are increasingly unable to meet the high flexibility and performance requirements of modern engineering.In this study,Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloys were manufactured via laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)to obtain high-performance aluminum alloys.To this end,process parameter optimization and heat treatment were adopted.The optimal process parameters were determined by initially analyzing the relative density and defect distribution under varying energy densities.The sample obtained under the optimal process parameters exhibited a relative density of 99.84%.Subsequently,the corresponding phase compositions,microstructures,and mechanical performance of the as-fabricated specimens were determined using the optimal process parameters before and after heat treatment.The microstructures of the samples showed typical equiaxed columnar bimodal grain structures,with Al3(Sc,Zr)precipitates detected.The samples exhibited no significant anisotropy before and after heat treatment,while the grain orientation differences were dominated by high-angle grain boundaries.The mechanical properties of all the samples were characterized using tensile and hardness tests.The yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and elongation of the sample were 475.0 MPa,508.2 MPa,and 8.3%,respectively.Overall,samples with high density,low porosity,high strength,and high plasticity were obtained by process parameter optimization and appropriate heat treatment.展开更多
Rural domestic sewage is characterized by decentralized discharge, large water quality fluctuations, low pollutant concentrations, and insufficient centralized treatment facilities, which has become a key source of ru...Rural domestic sewage is characterized by decentralized discharge, large water quality fluctuations, low pollutant concentrations, and insufficient centralized treatment facilities, which has become a key source of rural non-point source pollution and restricts the improvement of rural ecological environment. Traditional single-constructed wetland (CW) processes suffer from low microbial activity, poor nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency, and unstable treatment effects under low temperature and low hydraulic load conditions, limiting their large-scale application in rural sewage treatment. To solve the above problems, this study constructed a biofilm-coupled constructed wetland (BF-CW) composite treatment system, optimized key process parameters, including hydraulic retention time (HRT), filler ratio, biofilm carrier dosage, and aeration intensity, and systematically investigated the pollutant removal performance and microbial community characteristics of the optimized system. The results showed that after parameter optimization, the optimal operating conditions of the BF-CW system were determined as a HRT of 12 h, a composite filler (zeolite: vermiculite: gravel = 3:2:5), a biofilm carrier dosage of 15%, and an intermittent aeration intensity of 0.6 m³/(m²·h). Under optimal conditions, the average removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in rural domestic sewage reached 89.24%, 92.17%, 78.35%, and 85.62%, respectively, which were 18.36%, 22.45%, 26.71%, and 20.18% higher than those of the traditional single constructed wetland. Microbial high-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that biofilm coupling significantly enriched the functional microorganisms related to nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the system, including Nitrosomonas, Nitrospira, Denitratisoma, and Polyphosphoribacter, improving the functional stability of the sewage treatment system.展开更多
This article focuses on construction process optimization and project cost control, delving into how improved construction techniques and technological innovations can facilitate effective cost management in building ...This article focuses on construction process optimization and project cost control, delving into how improved construction techniques and technological innovations can facilitate effective cost management in building projects. It elaborates on the fundamental concepts and key components of construction processes, analyzes the constituent elements of project costs and their core management objectives, while comprehensively explaining how construction technology levels decisively influence project expenses. The study also examines common cost control challenges in current practices—such as low material efficiency due to outdated methods, project delays and labor waste caused by suboptimal workflow designs, and hidden costs resulting from inadequate site management. To address these issues, the paper proposes concrete solutions including proactive adoption of eco-friendly construction technologies and advanced materials, rational adjustments to construction workflows and site layouts, and full utilization of information-based tools like BIM for precision management. To ensure sustained cost-reduction benefits from these optimizations, the article outlines detailed implementation measures: enhancing employee training and technical briefings, establishing end-to-end cost monitoring systems, strictly enforcing standardized procedures, and strengthening inspection and evaluation mechanisms. This work provides valuable theoretical foundations and practical guidance for construction enterprises to elevate operational efficiency and achieve superior economic outcomes.展开更多
To promote the efficient, high-quality, safe and environmentally friendly development of the construction industry, and to solve the problems such as the disorderly traditional construction process, inconsistent stand...To promote the efficient, high-quality, safe and environmentally friendly development of the construction industry, and to solve the problems such as the disorderly traditional construction process, inconsistent standards, and low efficiency, this article, in accordance with the requirements of the development of new-type building industrialization, focuses on the optimization and practical application of the standardized operation process throughout the construction process. It sorts out the core processes in each construction stage, integrates lean construction and information technology means, improves the standardized operation system, and clarifies the operation standards, technical requirements, and control points for each link. Combined with actual engineering cases, it optimizes construction practices. Through data comparison, the optimization effects are verified to achieve an increase in construction efficiency, strengthened quality control, and reasonable cost control. This provides a replicable and promotable technical path for the standardized operation of the entire construction process of building projects, and helps to promote the high-quality development of the construction industry.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the value of optimizing standardized pre-hospital emergency protocols in the management of trauma patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 70 emergency trauma patients admitted...Objective To evaluate the value of optimizing standardized pre-hospital emergency protocols in the management of trauma patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 70 emergency trauma patients admitted to the emergency center from August 2024 to October 2025. Patients were randomly assigned to either an observation group (n=35) receiving optimized standardized pre-hospital protocols or a control group (n=35) following conventional protocols. Treatment duration, stress response indicators, and adverse event rates were compared before and after protocol implementation. Results Compared with the control group, the observation group exhibited shorter treatment time, significantly lower stress response indicators, and markedly reduced adverse event and complication rates (P<0.05). Conclusion The adoption of standardized pre-hospital emergency protocols enhances rescue efficacy for trauma patients, shortens treatment duration, mitigates stress response indicators, and improves patient outcomes, demonstrating significant clinical applicability.展开更多
Oral tablets are the most widely used solid dosage form in clinical practice with the highest patient compliance.Their preparation process and quality control directly affect the safety and efficacy of medicines.This ...Oral tablets are the most widely used solid dosage form in clinical practice with the highest patient compliance.Their preparation process and quality control directly affect the safety and efficacy of medicines.This paper conducts an in-depth study on the process optimization and quality control of oral tablets,analyzes the key problems in quality control,and proposes practical optimization and control strategies.It aims to provide a reference for improving the production quality of oral tablets.展开更多
This paper examines the complex technical challenges associated with roof waterproofing leakage in historic buildings and highlights the urgent need to optimize repair methodologies. The study focuses on elucidating t...This paper examines the complex technical challenges associated with roof waterproofing leakage in historic buildings and highlights the urgent need to optimize repair methodologies. The study focuses on elucidating the fundamental mechanisms of leakage and conducting an in-depth analysis of key factors influencing repair outcomes. Based on performance evaluations of existing materials and assessments of construction techniques, the research proposes systematic material compatibility criteria and process optimization strategies. By implementing refined control of specific process parameters, adopting structural synergy design approaches, employing dynamic monitoring of repair methods, and supported by comprehensive experimental data, this study aims to establish a highly practical technical framework for repairing roof leaks in historic structures. Its primary contribution lies in addressing the theoretical gap regarding precision repair techniques under unique conditions of existing buildings, while providing a concrete operational framework and data-driven basis for enhancing construction quality.展开更多
摘要Natural gas,as a fossil energy source,possesses abundant reserves in nature.It is cleaner and more environmentally benign compared to coal and crude oil.Converting natural gas via catalytic routes into more valuable chemicals,such as benzene and methanol,can both reduce the transportation costs of natural gas and increase the supply of commodity chemicals.It also serves as a significant supplement to the current petrochemical industry,holding broad application prospects.The aromatization reaction of methane is a critical technique in the methane conversion pathway,in which aromatics like benzene,toluene,and naphthalene can be produced via high-temperature dehydrogenation.Such a process has drawn significant research attention over the past three decades.This paper attempts to provide a detailed introduction to the development of research on this reaction.By examining various aspects including reaction thermodynamics,catalyst composition,reaction intermediates/mechanism,coke properties,anti-coking measures and process intensification,it aims to offer readers a comprehensive understanding of this reaction.Additionally,by discussing the co-aromatization of methane with higher hydrocarbons like propane,it tries to expand the cognitive boundaries related to methane aromatization reactions,thereby tending to offer deeper insights into the aromatization process of feedstock with compositions similar to real natural gas.In the end,the current research status in the field of methane aromatization is summarized,and future research directions are outlined as well.
基金the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.20242BAB20162,20242BAB23034,20224BAB214015)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52264042)for the financial support for this work。
摘要Copper indium gallium selenide(CIGS)thin-film solar cells have attracted substantial attention due to their high efficiency and scalable fabrication processes.However,achieving optimized and reproducible performance remains challenging because of the complex process flows and interdependent,multidimensional parameters inherent to these heterojunction devices.Elucidating the process-structureperformance relationship between manufacturing parameters and device output is therefore essential.In this study,we demonstrate an effective approach for optimizing CIGS performance using interpretable machine learning(ML)and construct a whole-process database comprising 756 experimental samples.Through multi-model comparison,the Categorical Boosting(CatBoost)algorithm is identified as the optimal model across four performance metrics,yielding a coefficient of determination(R2)of 0.755 for power conversion efficiency(PCE)with a root mean square error(RMSE)of 2.3%.By integrating Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)with parallel-coordinates visualization,this study systematically quantifies the dominant contributions of the anti-reflection coating(ARC)and fabrication methodologies,while revealing critical compositional trade-offs.Moreover,a Golden Process Corridor for high-efficiency devices is established,indicating that improved performance is associated with ARC deposition,the three-stage co-evaporation method,an absorber thickness of 2.0–3.0μm,[Cu]/([Ga]+[In])ratio of 0.89–0.95,and[Ga]/([Ga]+[In])ratio of 0.29–0.42.ML demonstrates strong predictive capability for device performance,offering a transferable roadmap to accelerate process optimization for singlejunction and tandem CIGS devices while reducing research and development costs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U25A20282,U23A20628,52375394,52305429)the Major Project of Science and Technology in Shanxi(Nos.202501050201012,202301050201004)。
摘要The synergistic mechanism of multiple process parameters on the solidification structure of niobium containing austenitic stainless steel during continuous casting is complex,which seriously affects the quality of continuous casting billets and seamless pipes.In order to optimize the quality of continuous casting billet,a finite element model of solidification and heat transfer in continuous casting process was established for the secondary cooling process of continuous casting billet.The control variable method was used to explore the influence of casting speed and superheat on the solidification process.At the same time,an orthogonal scheme was designed to study the coupling effect of multiple process parameters on the heat transfer and solidification state of continuous casting billets,and optimized process parameters were selected.The optimization results of process parameters were verified through production experiments,and it is found that the enrichment of coarse niobium compounds directly causes the initiation and propagation of inner wall cracks during the large deformation hot piercing of S30432 seamless tubes.Process parameter optimization,especially the synergistic effect of the decrease of superheat and increase of specific water flow promotes the grain refinement and expension of equiaxed crystal zone,thereby mitigating the segregation of Nb elements and improving the distribution of niobium compounds.
基金financial support from the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.J2019-Ⅶ-0013-0153)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(No.2022TD-60)。
摘要To address the dimensional accuracy challenges in investment casting of DD6 nickel-based superalloy hollow turbine blades,a multi-parameter collaborative optimization and deformation response prediction method based on response surface methodology was proposed.Using a Box-Behnken design,with pouring temperature,shell temperature,and withdrawal rate as key variables,deformation response data were obtained through numerical simulation,and a second-order model incorporating linear,interaction,and quadratic terms was established to characterize the nonlinear coupling effects of process parameters on dimensional deformation.The results indicate that withdrawal rate is the dominant factor influencing deformation,while shell temperature exhibits a pronounced“U”-shaped nonlinear trend.Significant interactions between process parameters are also observed.The constructed model demonstrates high predictive accuracy,with R2 of 0.978 and an RMSE of 0.0026 mm,and exhibits strong generalization capability,enabling the identification of optimal parameter combinations even beyond the simulated dataset.Compared with conventional orthogonal design methods,the maximum deformation of the optimized process was reduced from 0.2021 mm to 0.1905 mm,achieving an improvement of approximately 5.74%.This work provides a theoretical foundation and practical strategy for dimensional accuracy control and multi-parameter process optimization in the manufacturing of complex thin-walled castings.
基金the University of Torino for supporting this work within the Ricerca Locale(RILO)the Project CH4.0 under the Ministero dell’Universitàe della Ricerca(MUR)Program“Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2023—2027”(Grant No.CUP:D13C22003520001)is gratefully recognized.
摘要The scale-up of photocatalytic processes for pollutant removal from water involves several critical aspects,including timely analytical control and optimization of operational parameters to maximize efficiency while minimizing reagent consumption.In advanced oxidation processes,reagent use represents a major cost.Specifically,in photo-Fenton processes,excess hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)can hinder pollutant degradation kinetics,making precise dosing crucial.Automation of H2O2 concentration monitoring and dosing is therefore essential to the development of reliable,rapid,and cost-effective devices.This study investigated the role of H2O2 dosing in the photo-Fenton degradation of two emerging contaminants(paracetamol and caffeine).A custom Arduino-controlled automated device was employed for online colorimetric H2O2 measurements and dosing.The kinetics of substrate degradation,organic carbon mineralization,and H2O2 consumption were compared to determine the optimal H2O2 dosing strategy for maximizing process efficiency.The H2O2 consumption profile was found to be substrate-dependent.Caffeine degradation exhibited distinctive behavior,warranting preliminary analysis of its by-products.The device also enabled online dissolved oxygen measurements to explore potential relationships with H2O2 concentrations.The results revealed faster substrate and organic carbon removal when a stoichiometric H2O2 dose was added initially,whereas successive additions of smaller H2O2 doses reduced overall H2O2 consumption.
摘要The friction stir welding(FSW)of dissimilar aluminium alloys,AA2014 and AA6061,in a butt edge lap joint design is examined in this study.Using the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array and grey relational analysis(GRA),process parameters,i.e.,tool rotational speed,traverse speed,and lap length,were optimised in order to examine their impact on mechanical properties such as microhardness,elongation,and ultimate tensile strength(UTS).FSW tool,made of H13 tool steel and heat-treated to a hardness of 61 HRC,consisted of a 5 mm diameter pin and an 18 mm diameter shoulder.Experimental findings indicated that the lap length exerted a significant influence on the UTS,while the tool rotational speed had a notable effect on the elongation and hardness of the specimens.The optimum parameter setting(710 rpm,25 mm/min,2 mm lap length)produced improved joint performance.Microstructural studies supported the occurrence of clear weld zones with fine equiaxed grains within the nugget zone due to dynamic recrystallization.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)analysis revealed homogeneous material mixing and elemental diffusion in the stir zone,and also local concentration variations of copper,magnesium,and silicon.The research concludes that the optimized FSW parameters allow for the production of sound welds with favourable mechanical and metallurgical properties.
摘要To address the challenges of complexity,power consumption,and cost constraints in traditional display driver integrated circuits(DDICs)caused by external NOR Flash and SRAM,this work proposes an embedded resistive random-access memory(RRAM)integration solution based on a 40 nm high-voltage CMOS logic platform.Targeting the yield fluctuations and stability challenges during RRAM mass production,systematic process optimizations are implemented to achieve synergistic improvements in RRAM performance and yield.Through modifications to the film sputtering and pre-deposition treatment,the withinwafer resistance uniformity(RSU)of the oxygen-deficient layer(ODL)thin film is improved from 11%to 8%,while inter-wafer process stability variation reduces from 23%to below 6%.Consequently,the yield of 8 Mb RRAM embedded mass production products increases from 87%to 98.5%.In terms of device performance,the RRAM demonstrates a fast 4.8 ns read speed,exceptional read disturb immunity of 3×108 cycles at 95℃,103 write/erase endurance cycles for the 1 Mb cells,and data retention of 12.5 years at 125℃.Post high-temperature operating life(HTOL)testing exhibits stable high/low resistance window.This study provides process optimization strategies and a reliability assurance framework for the mass production of highly integrated,low-power embedded RRAM display driver IC.
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Project of PetroChina Company Limited“Research on Key Technologies for Enhancing Recovery in Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs”,specifically under its third sub-project:“Research on Integrated Fracturing,Drainage,and Production Technology to Enhance Single-Well Production in Water-Bearing Gas Reservoirs”(Grant number:2023ZZ25YJ03).
摘要To address the persistent challenge of dynamic mismatch between wellbore lifting capacity and reservoir fluid supply,and to establish a robust optimization framework for drainage operations in high-water-cut tight sandstone gas reservoirs,this study systematically investigates the graded optimization and dynamic adaptation of drainage gas recovery technologies.Production data from a representative tight gas field were first employed to forecast reservoir performance.The predictive reliability was rigorously validated through high-precision history matching,thereby providing a quantitatively consistent foundation for subsequent wellbore optimization.Building on this characterization,a coupled simulation framework was developed that integrates wellbore multiphase flow modeling with nodal analysis based on the Inflow Performance Relationship,IPR,and the Vertical Lift Performance,VLP.This coordinated approach enables comprehensive evaluation of process adaptability and dynamic optimization of foam-assisted drainage,mechanical pumping,and jet pumping systems under evolving water-gas ratio,WGR conditions.The results reveal that a progressively increasing water-gas ratio is the dominant factor driving the transition from chemically assisted drainage methods to mechanically enhanced lifting technologies.A distinct quantitative threshold is identified at WGR≈0.002,beyond which mechanical intervention becomes more effective and economically justified.For mechanical pumping and jet pumping systems,a parameter inversion optimization strategy constrained by the target bottomhole flowing pressure,Pwf,is proposed to ensure stable production while maintaining reservoir drawdown control.In particular,the nozzle-to-throat area ratio of the jet pump is identified as the key governing parameter influencing entrainment capacity and lifting efficiency.Moreover,a configuration characterized by small pump diameter,long stroke length,and low operating speed is demonstrated to satisfy drainage requirements while mitigating torque fluctuations,enhancing volumetric efficiency,and improving pump fillage stability.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52174003,52574006,and 52374008)Subproject of the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2024ZD1401805)。
摘要An accurate analysis of the three-dimensional(3D)deformed configuration of a bottom-hole assembly(BHA)is critical for predicting and controlling well paths in directional drilling.Among the various numerical approaches,the weighted residual method exhibits superior performance owing to its semi-analytical nature,enabling high accuracy in handling diverse boundary conditions.In previous studies,the weighted residual method has been coupled with a dual optimization process to determine the 3D deformation and tangency point of the BHA.However,its applicability is limited by the conventional treatment of contact interactions between the BHA and wellbore wall.Specifically,stabilizer-wellbore contacts are regarded as predefined boundary conditions,rather than solving these contact positions as unknown variables consistent with actual downhole conditions.This limitation reduces modeling fidelity in complex downhole environments.To address this limitation,this study enhances the optimization-based weighted residual method by introducing ant colony optimization(ACO)to solve the 3D contact problem.In the proposed framework,the bending energy of the deformed BHA is conceptualized as“food”,while the contact positions and orientations of stabilizers are assigned a measure of“taste”.Through this metaphor,the ACO algorithm employs artificial“ants”to explore the optimal stabilizer locations and orientations that minimize the BHA bending energy,thereby refining the computed 3D deformation.The simulation results demonstrate that integrating ACO into the previously established dual optimization framework enables the effective determination of the contact configuration between the BHA and wellbore wall.As a result,the overall accuracy of the 3D BHA deformation analysis is significantly improved.In one representative case study,the bending energy of the BHA is reduced by 55.6%compared with that obtained from the original dual-optimization method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61875212 and U1831211)the Shanghai Strategic Emerging Industry Development Special Fund(Grant No.31011442501217020191D3101001)the National Key Laboratory of Particle Transport and Separation Technology(Grant No.WZKF-2024-7).
摘要To address the challenge of complex mapping between process parameters and optical performance in smoothing by spectral dispersion(SSD)gratings,we propose an inverse design and process optimization framework based on ensemble learning.By constructing a weighted-average ensemble learning model,this framework establishes a complete mapping chain of“target performance–predicted structure–executable process,”realizing a closed-loop optimization workflow of“design–prediction–fabrication–verification.”The coefficient of determination for its structural parameter predictions is above 0.955,with a mean absolute error of less than 0.85%.Through systematic comparison of the correlations between model predictions and measured data,we confirm that the framework captures genuine dependencies among process parameters,providing further insights for achieving more reliable process mapping.Experimental validation shows that SSD gratings fabricated based on this framework exhibit a deviation of less than 1.5%between the measured diffraction efficiency and the design target.We not only verify the effectiveness of the closed-loop optimization workflow but also mark a paradigm shift in process development from empirical trial-and-error to data-driven intelligent design.The validated interpretable inverse design framework provides a pathway for the intelligent and controllable fabrication of gratings and other micro-nano optical components.
摘要Selective Laser Melting(SLM),an advanced metal additive manufacturing technology,offers high precision and personalized customization advantages.However,selecting reasonable SLM parameters is challenging due to complex relationships.This study proposes a method for identifying the optimal process window by combining the simulation model with an optimization algorithm.JAYA is guided by the principle of preferential behavior towards best solutions and avoidance of worst ones,but it is prone to premature convergence thus leading to insufficient global search.To overcome limitations,this research proposes a Differential Evolution-framed JAYA algorithm(DEJAYA).DEJAYA incorporates four key enhancements to improve the flexibility of the original algorithm,which include DE framework design,horizontal crossover operator,longitudinal crossover operator,and global greedy strategy.The effectiveness of DEJAYA is rigorously evaluated by a suite of 23 distinct benchmark functions.Furthermore,the numerical simulation establishes AlSi10Mg single-track formation models,and DEJAYA successfully identified the optimal process window for this problem.Experimental results validate that DEJAYA effectively guides SLM parameter selection for AlSi10Mg.
基金National MCF Energy R&D Program(2024YFE03260300)。
摘要Refractory metals,including tungsten(W),tantalum(Ta),molybdenum(Mo),and niobium(Nb),play a vital role in industries,such as nuclear energy and aerospace,owing to their exceptional melting temperatures,thermal durability,and corrosion resistance.These metals have body-centered cubic crystal structure,characterized by limited slip systems and impeded dislocation motion,resulting in significant low-temperature brittleness,which poses challenges for the conventional processing.Additive manufacturing technique provides an innovative approach,enabling the production of intricate parts without molds,which significantly improves the efficiency of material usage.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements in additive manufacturing techniques for the production of refractory metals,such as W,Ta,Mo,and Nb,particularly the laser powder bed fusion.In this review,the influence mechanisms of key process parameters(laser power,scan strategy,and powder characteristics)on the evolution of material microstructure,the formation of metallurgical defects,and mechanical properties were discussed.Generally,optimizing powder characteristics,such as sphericity,implementing substrate preheating,and formulating alloying strategies can significantly improve the densification and crack resistance of manufactured parts.Meanwhile,strictly controlling the oxygen impurity content and optimizing the energy density input are also the key factors to achieve the simultaneous improvement in strength and ductility of refractory metals.Although additive manufacturing technique provides an innovative solution for processing refractory metals,critical issues,such as residual stress control,microstructure and performance anisotropy,and process stability,still need to be addressed.This review not only provides a theoretical basis for the additive manufacturing of high-performance refractory metals,but also proposes forward-looking directions for their industrial application.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB3702301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52101068]+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation[No.2022T150342]the Postdoctoral International Exchange Program[No.YJ20210129]the Shuimu Tsinghua Scholar Program(No.2020SM100)
摘要Notable advancements have been made in the additive manufacturing(AM)of aerospace materials,driven by the needs for integrated components with intricate geometries and small-lot production of high-value components.Nickel-based superalloys,pivotal materials for high-temperature bearing components in aeroengines,present significant challenges in the fabrication of complex parts due to their great hardness.Huge attention and rapid progress have been garnered in AM processing of nicklebased superalloys,largely owing to its distinct benefits in the freedom of fabrication and reduced manufacturing lifecycle.Despite extensive research into AM in nickel-based superalloys,the corresponding results and conclusions are scattered attributed to the variety of nickel-based superalloys and complex AM processing parameters.Therefore,there is still a pressing need for a comprehensive and deep understanding of the relationship between the AM processing and microstructures and mechanical performance of nickel-based superalloys.This review introduces the processing characteristics of four primary AM technologies utilized for superalloys and summarizes the microstructures and mechanical properties prior to and post-heat treatments.Additionally,this review presents innovative superalloys specifically accommodated to AM processing and offers insights into the material development and performance improvement,aiming to provide a valuable assessment on AM processing of nickel-based superalloys and an effective guidance for the future research.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.5233500651975073)State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission for Advanced Equipment(Grant No.SKLMT-MSKFKT-202104).
摘要Aluminum alloys manufactured using traditional processes are increasingly unable to meet the high flexibility and performance requirements of modern engineering.In this study,Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloys were manufactured via laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)to obtain high-performance aluminum alloys.To this end,process parameter optimization and heat treatment were adopted.The optimal process parameters were determined by initially analyzing the relative density and defect distribution under varying energy densities.The sample obtained under the optimal process parameters exhibited a relative density of 99.84%.Subsequently,the corresponding phase compositions,microstructures,and mechanical performance of the as-fabricated specimens were determined using the optimal process parameters before and after heat treatment.The microstructures of the samples showed typical equiaxed columnar bimodal grain structures,with Al3(Sc,Zr)precipitates detected.The samples exhibited no significant anisotropy before and after heat treatment,while the grain orientation differences were dominated by high-angle grain boundaries.The mechanical properties of all the samples were characterized using tensile and hardness tests.The yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and elongation of the sample were 475.0 MPa,508.2 MPa,and 8.3%,respectively.Overall,samples with high density,low porosity,high strength,and high plasticity were obtained by process parameter optimization and appropriate heat treatment.
摘要Rural domestic sewage is characterized by decentralized discharge, large water quality fluctuations, low pollutant concentrations, and insufficient centralized treatment facilities, which has become a key source of rural non-point source pollution and restricts the improvement of rural ecological environment. Traditional single-constructed wetland (CW) processes suffer from low microbial activity, poor nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency, and unstable treatment effects under low temperature and low hydraulic load conditions, limiting their large-scale application in rural sewage treatment. To solve the above problems, this study constructed a biofilm-coupled constructed wetland (BF-CW) composite treatment system, optimized key process parameters, including hydraulic retention time (HRT), filler ratio, biofilm carrier dosage, and aeration intensity, and systematically investigated the pollutant removal performance and microbial community characteristics of the optimized system. The results showed that after parameter optimization, the optimal operating conditions of the BF-CW system were determined as a HRT of 12 h, a composite filler (zeolite: vermiculite: gravel = 3:2:5), a biofilm carrier dosage of 15%, and an intermittent aeration intensity of 0.6 m³/(m²·h). Under optimal conditions, the average removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in rural domestic sewage reached 89.24%, 92.17%, 78.35%, and 85.62%, respectively, which were 18.36%, 22.45%, 26.71%, and 20.18% higher than those of the traditional single constructed wetland. Microbial high-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that biofilm coupling significantly enriched the functional microorganisms related to nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the system, including Nitrosomonas, Nitrospira, Denitratisoma, and Polyphosphoribacter, improving the functional stability of the sewage treatment system.
摘要This article focuses on construction process optimization and project cost control, delving into how improved construction techniques and technological innovations can facilitate effective cost management in building projects. It elaborates on the fundamental concepts and key components of construction processes, analyzes the constituent elements of project costs and their core management objectives, while comprehensively explaining how construction technology levels decisively influence project expenses. The study also examines common cost control challenges in current practices—such as low material efficiency due to outdated methods, project delays and labor waste caused by suboptimal workflow designs, and hidden costs resulting from inadequate site management. To address these issues, the paper proposes concrete solutions including proactive adoption of eco-friendly construction technologies and advanced materials, rational adjustments to construction workflows and site layouts, and full utilization of information-based tools like BIM for precision management. To ensure sustained cost-reduction benefits from these optimizations, the article outlines detailed implementation measures: enhancing employee training and technical briefings, establishing end-to-end cost monitoring systems, strictly enforcing standardized procedures, and strengthening inspection and evaluation mechanisms. This work provides valuable theoretical foundations and practical guidance for construction enterprises to elevate operational efficiency and achieve superior economic outcomes.
摘要To promote the efficient, high-quality, safe and environmentally friendly development of the construction industry, and to solve the problems such as the disorderly traditional construction process, inconsistent standards, and low efficiency, this article, in accordance with the requirements of the development of new-type building industrialization, focuses on the optimization and practical application of the standardized operation process throughout the construction process. It sorts out the core processes in each construction stage, integrates lean construction and information technology means, improves the standardized operation system, and clarifies the operation standards, technical requirements, and control points for each link. Combined with actual engineering cases, it optimizes construction practices. Through data comparison, the optimization effects are verified to achieve an increase in construction efficiency, strengthened quality control, and reasonable cost control. This provides a replicable and promotable technical path for the standardized operation of the entire construction process of building projects, and helps to promote the high-quality development of the construction industry.
摘要Objective To evaluate the value of optimizing standardized pre-hospital emergency protocols in the management of trauma patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 70 emergency trauma patients admitted to the emergency center from August 2024 to October 2025. Patients were randomly assigned to either an observation group (n=35) receiving optimized standardized pre-hospital protocols or a control group (n=35) following conventional protocols. Treatment duration, stress response indicators, and adverse event rates were compared before and after protocol implementation. Results Compared with the control group, the observation group exhibited shorter treatment time, significantly lower stress response indicators, and markedly reduced adverse event and complication rates (P<0.05). Conclusion The adoption of standardized pre-hospital emergency protocols enhances rescue efficacy for trauma patients, shortens treatment duration, mitigates stress response indicators, and improves patient outcomes, demonstrating significant clinical applicability.
摘要Oral tablets are the most widely used solid dosage form in clinical practice with the highest patient compliance.Their preparation process and quality control directly affect the safety and efficacy of medicines.This paper conducts an in-depth study on the process optimization and quality control of oral tablets,analyzes the key problems in quality control,and proposes practical optimization and control strategies.It aims to provide a reference for improving the production quality of oral tablets.
摘要This paper examines the complex technical challenges associated with roof waterproofing leakage in historic buildings and highlights the urgent need to optimize repair methodologies. The study focuses on elucidating the fundamental mechanisms of leakage and conducting an in-depth analysis of key factors influencing repair outcomes. Based on performance evaluations of existing materials and assessments of construction techniques, the research proposes systematic material compatibility criteria and process optimization strategies. By implementing refined control of specific process parameters, adopting structural synergy design approaches, employing dynamic monitoring of repair methods, and supported by comprehensive experimental data, this study aims to establish a highly practical technical framework for repairing roof leaks in historic structures. Its primary contribution lies in addressing the theoretical gap regarding precision repair techniques under unique conditions of existing buildings, while providing a concrete operational framework and data-driven basis for enhancing construction quality.