The well-designed composite with satisfactory electromagnetic microwave absorption at high temperatures remains a serious challenge.Herein,we fabricated a resorcinol-formaldehyde/silica dioxide composite aerogel(RF/Si...The well-designed composite with satisfactory electromagnetic microwave absorption at high temperatures remains a serious challenge.Herein,we fabricated a resorcinol-formaldehyde/silica dioxide composite aerogel(RF/SiO2)with a three-dimensional network structure using sol-gel,atmospheric pressure drying technique as well as heat-treated processes to achieve enhanced microwave absorption capabilities in the low frequency range.The pristine RF/SiO2aerogel presented a typical micropores structure with a surface area,porous volume,and density of 146.82 m2/g,62.40%,and 0.28 cm3/g,respectively.Remarkably,the RF/SiO2aerogel showed an effective absorption bandwidth of 3.56 GHz and a minimum reflection loss value of-46.10 d B at 2.25 mm after being heat-treated at 1500°C,while the maximum effective absorption bandwidth was 3.60 GHz at 2.30 mm.The intricate three-dimensional networks possessed remarkable impedance matching,multiple attenuation mechanisms,interfacial polarization,and dielectric loss,which were attributed to the exceptional ability to absorb electromagnetic microwaves.It offered a fresh approach to creating adaptable and effective microwave absorption materials in military defense.展开更多
TiO2/SiO2 aerogels with different molar ratio of SiO2/TiO2 were prepared via non-supercritical method using tetrabutyl titanate and silica sols as raw materials. The samples were characterized by TEM, SEM, BET, IR, XR...TiO2/SiO2 aerogels with different molar ratio of SiO2/TiO2 were prepared via non-supercritical method using tetrabutyl titanate and silica sols as raw materials. The samples were characterized by TEM, SEM, BET, IR, XRD and so on. The results indicate that the BET surface area of TiO2/SiO2 aerogels calcined at 550℃ which consisted of anatase structure of TiO2 with narrow distribution pores of 5-25 nm is as high as 357.89 m2·g-1. For the photocatalytic degradation of pyridine, the catalytic activities of TiO2/SiO2 aerogels are much higher than that of TiO2 powder. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2/SiO2 aerogels calcined at 800℃ is the optimum. The higher the content of SiO2, the higher the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/SiO2 aerogels. The cost for preparation of the aerogels is greatly reduced by using non-supercritical drying method, and the aerogels are hopefully applied in the treatment of industrial waste water such as coking effluent treatment.展开更多
A ternary composite of TiO2 and a SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel with good photocatalytic activity was prepared by a simple sol-gel method with TiO2 nanoparticles and SiO2-Al2O3 aerogels derived from industrial fly ash.The struct...A ternary composite of TiO2 and a SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel with good photocatalytic activity was prepared by a simple sol-gel method with TiO2 nanoparticles and SiO2-Al2O3 aerogels derived from industrial fly ash.The structural features of the TiO2/SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel composite were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy,gas adsorption measurements and diffuse reflectance UV-visible spectroscopy.The optimal conditions for photocatalytic degradation of 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol(DNBP],included an initial DNBP concentration of 0.167 mmol/L at pH = 4.86 with a catalyst concentration of 6 g/L,under visible light irradiation for 5 h.A plausible mechanism is proposed for the photocatalytic degradation of DNBP.Our composite showed higher photocatalytic activity for DNBP degradation than that of pure TiO2.This indicates that this material can serve as an efficient photocatalyst for degradation of hazardous organic pollutants in wastewater.展开更多
The hydrophobic SiO2 aerogels were prepared by in-situ polymerization sol-gel method and supercritical drying of ethanol method with tetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS)as silica source,methyl triethoxysilane(MTMS)as modifie...The hydrophobic SiO2 aerogels were prepared by in-situ polymerization sol-gel method and supercritical drying of ethanol method with tetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS)as silica source,methyl triethoxysilane(MTMS)as modifier,ethanol as solvent.Moreover,the structure and adsorption property of SiO2 aerogels were also studied.As results,the surface area of SiO2 aerogels was 863.59 m2/g,the pore volume was 3.57 cm3/g,and the contact angle was 150°.Adsorption intensity of silica aerogels for organic liquid(alkanes,benzene compounds,and nitro-compounds)is bigger than that of activated carbon.The mass of the liquid absorbed increased linearly with the surface tension of the liquid.The lower surface tension and boiling point are,the shorter desorption time is.After regenerating 10 times,nitromethane regeneration rate remain the same,and almost more than 94%.So SiO2 aerogels have good absorption and regeneration property.展开更多
An ambient pressure synthesis of SiO2/TiO2 binary aerogel was prepared through the low-cost precursors of titanium tetrachloride(TiCl4) and sodium silicate(Na2O·nSiO2).After gelation,solvent exchange and surf...An ambient pressure synthesis of SiO2/TiO2 binary aerogel was prepared through the low-cost precursors of titanium tetrachloride(TiCl4) and sodium silicate(Na2O·nSiO2).After gelation,solvent exchange and surface modification were performed simultaneously and the modified gel was finally dried under ambient pressure.Microstructural analyses by transmission electron microscope(TEM) indicate that fabricated SiO2/TiO2 aerogel composite shows similar sponge-like nanostructure as silica aerogel,and the Brunauer-EmmettTeller(BET) analysis shows that the specific surface area of the composite reaches 605 m^2/g,and the average pore size is 9.7 nm.Such binary aerogel exhibits significant photocatalytic performance in this paper for treating model pollutant of methyl orange(MO),and the decolorizing efficiency of MO is detected as 84.9%after 210 mins exposure to UV light irradiation.Degraded gel suspends in the water so as to separate from solution for reuse,and after 4 times recycling,70%degradation efficiency can be easily reached when composite catalyzed system is exposed for 210 mins under UV irradiation.展开更多
以甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)和N-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基-三甲氧基硅烷(ATAPTES)为硅源,间苯二酚和甲醛为有机增强体,采用溶胶-凝胶法通过常压干燥制备了有机韧性SiO 2气凝胶。研究了MTMS与ATAPTES、甲醛与间苯二酚摩尔比对复合气凝胶结构和性...以甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)和N-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基-三甲氧基硅烷(ATAPTES)为硅源,间苯二酚和甲醛为有机增强体,采用溶胶-凝胶法通过常压干燥制备了有机韧性SiO 2气凝胶。研究了MTMS与ATAPTES、甲醛与间苯二酚摩尔比对复合气凝胶结构和性能的影响。采用N 2吸附脱附等温线、SEM、FT-IR及压缩测试等方法对韧性气凝胶进行了表征。结果表明,甲醛与间苯二酚摩尔比为4时,气凝胶孔径分布范围较宽,总孔容积0.15~0.40 cm ^3/g,比表面积5~70 m ^2/g,最大形变率可达50%,对有机溶剂的吸附量可达自身质量的7~11倍。甲醛与间苯二酚摩尔比为2时,气凝胶孔径主要分布范围3~10 nm,总孔容积0.52~0.53 cm^ 3/g,比表面积110~120 m 2/g,有机复合硅气凝胶柔韧性较小,最大形变率为10%。展开更多
The composite films of GaSb nanoparticles embedded in SiO2 matrices were fabricated by radio-frequency magnetron co-sputtering. Transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction pattern indicate that the GaSb nan...The composite films of GaSb nanoparticles embedded in SiO2 matrices were fabricated by radio-frequency magnetron co-sputtering. Transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction pattern indicate that the GaSb nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed in SiO2 matrices. Room temperature transmission spectra exhibit a blue shift of about 2.73 eV. The blue shift increases with decreasing size of GaSb nanoparticles, suggesting the existence of quantum size effects. Room temperature Raman spectra show that there is a larger Raman peak red shift and broadening of the composite films than that of bulk GaSb. This phenomenon is explained by photon confinement effect and tensile stress effect.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.D5000210522 and D5000210517)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2021M702665)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Grant Nos.2022JQ-482 and 2023-JC-QN-0380)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant Nos.2021A1515111155,2022A1515111200 and 2022A1515011191)Basic Research Programs of Taicang(Grant Nos.TC2021JC01,TC2021JC21,and TC2022JC08)。
摘要The well-designed composite with satisfactory electromagnetic microwave absorption at high temperatures remains a serious challenge.Herein,we fabricated a resorcinol-formaldehyde/silica dioxide composite aerogel(RF/SiO2)with a three-dimensional network structure using sol-gel,atmospheric pressure drying technique as well as heat-treated processes to achieve enhanced microwave absorption capabilities in the low frequency range.The pristine RF/SiO2aerogel presented a typical micropores structure with a surface area,porous volume,and density of 146.82 m2/g,62.40%,and 0.28 cm3/g,respectively.Remarkably,the RF/SiO2aerogel showed an effective absorption bandwidth of 3.56 GHz and a minimum reflection loss value of-46.10 d B at 2.25 mm after being heat-treated at 1500°C,while the maximum effective absorption bandwidth was 3.60 GHz at 2.30 mm.The intricate three-dimensional networks possessed remarkable impedance matching,multiple attenuation mechanisms,interfacial polarization,and dielectric loss,which were attributed to the exceptional ability to absorb electromagnetic microwaves.It offered a fresh approach to creating adaptable and effective microwave absorption materials in military defense.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20473057)Development Foundation of Science and Technology of Shanghai (No. 0352nm094).
摘要TiO2/SiO2 aerogels with different molar ratio of SiO2/TiO2 were prepared via non-supercritical method using tetrabutyl titanate and silica sols as raw materials. The samples were characterized by TEM, SEM, BET, IR, XRD and so on. The results indicate that the BET surface area of TiO2/SiO2 aerogels calcined at 550℃ which consisted of anatase structure of TiO2 with narrow distribution pores of 5-25 nm is as high as 357.89 m2·g-1. For the photocatalytic degradation of pyridine, the catalytic activities of TiO2/SiO2 aerogels are much higher than that of TiO2 powder. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2/SiO2 aerogels calcined at 800℃ is the optimum. The higher the content of SiO2, the higher the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/SiO2 aerogels. The cost for preparation of the aerogels is greatly reduced by using non-supercritical drying method, and the aerogels are hopefully applied in the treatment of industrial waste water such as coking effluent treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21377018)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China(2013020116)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT15ZD240)~~
摘要A ternary composite of TiO2 and a SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel with good photocatalytic activity was prepared by a simple sol-gel method with TiO2 nanoparticles and SiO2-Al2O3 aerogels derived from industrial fly ash.The structural features of the TiO2/SiO2-Al2O3 aerogel composite were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy,gas adsorption measurements and diffuse reflectance UV-visible spectroscopy.The optimal conditions for photocatalytic degradation of 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol(DNBP],included an initial DNBP concentration of 0.167 mmol/L at pH = 4.86 with a catalyst concentration of 6 g/L,under visible light irradiation for 5 h.A plausible mechanism is proposed for the photocatalytic degradation of DNBP.Our composite showed higher photocatalytic activity for DNBP degradation than that of pure TiO2.This indicates that this material can serve as an efficient photocatalyst for degradation of hazardous organic pollutants in wastewater.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10976013)the Science Project of Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development(No.2011-K7-16)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineeringthe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
摘要The hydrophobic SiO2 aerogels were prepared by in-situ polymerization sol-gel method and supercritical drying of ethanol method with tetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS)as silica source,methyl triethoxysilane(MTMS)as modifier,ethanol as solvent.Moreover,the structure and adsorption property of SiO2 aerogels were also studied.As results,the surface area of SiO2 aerogels was 863.59 m2/g,the pore volume was 3.57 cm3/g,and the contact angle was 150°.Adsorption intensity of silica aerogels for organic liquid(alkanes,benzene compounds,and nitro-compounds)is bigger than that of activated carbon.The mass of the liquid absorbed increased linearly with the surface tension of the liquid.The lower surface tension and boiling point are,the shorter desorption time is.After regenerating 10 times,nitromethane regeneration rate remain the same,and almost more than 94%.So SiO2 aerogels have good absorption and regeneration property.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.51278073,51308079 and 51408073)
摘要An ambient pressure synthesis of SiO2/TiO2 binary aerogel was prepared through the low-cost precursors of titanium tetrachloride(TiCl4) and sodium silicate(Na2O·nSiO2).After gelation,solvent exchange and surface modification were performed simultaneously and the modified gel was finally dried under ambient pressure.Microstructural analyses by transmission electron microscope(TEM) indicate that fabricated SiO2/TiO2 aerogel composite shows similar sponge-like nanostructure as silica aerogel,and the Brunauer-EmmettTeller(BET) analysis shows that the specific surface area of the composite reaches 605 m^2/g,and the average pore size is 9.7 nm.Such binary aerogel exhibits significant photocatalytic performance in this paper for treating model pollutant of methyl orange(MO),and the decolorizing efficiency of MO is detected as 84.9%after 210 mins exposure to UV light irradiation.Degraded gel suspends in the water so as to separate from solution for reuse,and after 4 times recycling,70%degradation efficiency can be easily reached when composite catalyzed system is exposed for 210 mins under UV irradiation.
摘要以甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)和N-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基-三甲氧基硅烷(ATAPTES)为硅源,间苯二酚和甲醛为有机增强体,采用溶胶-凝胶法通过常压干燥制备了有机韧性SiO 2气凝胶。研究了MTMS与ATAPTES、甲醛与间苯二酚摩尔比对复合气凝胶结构和性能的影响。采用N 2吸附脱附等温线、SEM、FT-IR及压缩测试等方法对韧性气凝胶进行了表征。结果表明,甲醛与间苯二酚摩尔比为4时,气凝胶孔径分布范围较宽,总孔容积0.15~0.40 cm ^3/g,比表面积5~70 m ^2/g,最大形变率可达50%,对有机溶剂的吸附量可达自身质量的7~11倍。甲醛与间苯二酚摩尔比为2时,气凝胶孔径主要分布范围3~10 nm,总孔容积0.52~0.53 cm^ 3/g,比表面积110~120 m 2/g,有机复合硅气凝胶柔韧性较小,最大形变率为10%。
基金the Chinese Climbing Program. We would like to thank Profs. Xu Cunyi and Zuo Jian for Raman measurements at the Center of Structure and Element Analysis (USTC) .
摘要The composite films of GaSb nanoparticles embedded in SiO2 matrices were fabricated by radio-frequency magnetron co-sputtering. Transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction pattern indicate that the GaSb nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed in SiO2 matrices. Room temperature transmission spectra exhibit a blue shift of about 2.73 eV. The blue shift increases with decreasing size of GaSb nanoparticles, suggesting the existence of quantum size effects. Room temperature Raman spectra show that there is a larger Raman peak red shift and broadening of the composite films than that of bulk GaSb. This phenomenon is explained by photon confinement effect and tensile stress effect.